高考总复习英语（人教版）课时作业24

课时作业(二十四)一．阅读理解体裁话题指数建议用时正确率说明文幸福感★★★8′____/4Forthousandsofyears，peoplehavebeendebatingthemeaningofhappinessandhowtofindit.FromtheancientGreeksandRomanstocurrentwritersandprofessors，thedebateabouthappinesscontinues.Whatmakessomehappy？InWhatpartsoftheworldarepeoplethehappiest？Whyevenstudyhappiness？TheGreekphilosopherAristotlesaidthataperson’shighesthappinessesfromtheuseofhisorherintelligence.ReligiousbookssuchastheKoranandBiblediscussfaithasaformofhappiness.TheBritishscientistCharlesDarwinbelievedthatallspecieswereformedinawaysoastoenjoyhappiness.Peoplethroughouthistorymayhavehaddifferentideasabouthappiness.Buttoday，manypeoplearestillsearchingforitsmeaning.Howdoyoustudysomethinglikehappiness？YoucouldstartwiththeWorldDatabaseofHappinessatErasmusUniversityinRotterdam，theNetherlands.Thissetofinformationincludeshowtodefineandmeasurehappiness.Somefindingsarenotsurprising.Forexample，thedatabasesuggeststhatmarriedpeoplearehappierthansinglepeople.Peoplewholiketobewithotherpeoplearehappierthanunsocialpeople.Butotherfindingsarelessexpected：Peoplewithchildrenareequallyhappyascoupleswithoutchildren.Andwealthierpeopleareonlyalittlehappierthanpoorerpeople.Positivepsychologyisthenewtermforamethodofscientificstudythattriestoexaminethethingsthatmakelifeworthlivinginsteadoflife’sproblems.Traditionalpsychologygenerallystudiesnegativesituationslikementalsufferingandsickness.Butpositivepsychologyaimstostudythestrengthsthatallowpeopleandmunitiestodowell.Thereisalsoanincreasingamountofmedicalresearchonthephysicalqualitiesofhappiness.Doctorscannowlookathappinessatworkinaperson’sbrainusingamethodcalledmagneticresonanceimaging(核磁共振成像)，orMRI.Forexample，anMRIcanshowhowoneareaofaperson’sbrainactivateswhenheorsheisshownhappypictures.Adifferentareaofthebrainbeesactivewhenthepersonseespicturesofterriblesubjects.1．Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?A．Peoplearesearchingforthemeaningofhappiness.B．Happinessisaneverlastingtopicfordiscussion.C．Currentdayscholarsaredebatingabouthowtomakepeoplehappy.D．Peoplehavebeguntorealizetheimportanceofunderstandinghappiness.2．TheBibletellsushappinessesfrom________.A．theapplicationofone’sintelligenceB．thestrongbeliefinreligionC．acertaindegreeofgoodfaithD．thetrustinone’sability3．Thefindingsofthedatabaseimplythatcoupleswithoutchildrenare________.A．ashappyaspeoplewithchildrenB．lesshappythanpeoplewithchildrenC．happierthanunsocialpeopleD．alittlehappierthanwealthierpeople4．Asanapproachofscientificstudy，positivepsychologyfocuseson________.A．mentalsufferingB．psychologicalsicknessC．examiningwhatmakeslifeworthlivingD．strengthsthatenablepeopletosucceed[语篇解读]借助于现代科技，人们对幸福感的研究有了新的进展。1．解析：选B推理判断题。参照第一段中的关键信息forthousandsofyears和FromtheancientGreeksandRomanstocurrentwritersandprofessors可知B项正确。2．解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段可推测“宗教书籍指的幸福是对宗教的虔诚(坚强的信念)”。3．解析：选A细节理解题。参照第二段中的“Peoplewithchildrenareequallyhappyascoupleswithoutchildren.”可知。4．解析：选D细节理解题。参照第三段中的“Butpositivepsychologyaimstostudythestrengthsthatallowpeopleandmunitiestodowell.”可知。二．完形填空体裁话题指数建议用时正确率夹叙夹议学会控制情绪★★★★16′____/20ThiseveningImetafriendatalocalbar.Shebroughtherlaptop__1__soshecouldshowmesomeofherlatestdigital__2__designs.Aswelookedthroughherartwork，thelaptopsuddenly__3__makinganunhealthynoise，thentheScreentwinkledonandoffandthencutoff__4__.Andaswebothstaredatoneanothersurprisingly，the__5__smelloffriedputercircuits(线路)appeared.Igrabbedthelaptopoffthebartoinspectitandtheprobleminstantly__6__itself.Thebottomofthelaptopwaspletely__7__andanempty，spiltwaterglassrested__8__thesideofherpursejustbehindwherethe__9__wassitting.Whilewewerechattingandshiftingthelaptop’s14­inchscreen__10__，wesomehowspiltaglassofwaterthatthewaiterhadinadvertently(无意地)__11__behindthescreen，whichwasoutofour__12__.Whenlifethrowsussome__13__likethis，ittypicallydoesn’tmakeanysensetous，andournaturalemotionalreactionmightgetextremely__14__atthetopofourlungs.Buthowdoesthishelpourdilemma？__15__，itdoesn’t.Thesmartestandhardestthingwecandointhesekindsof__16__istobemoretemperedinourreactions.You’dbemuchwiserandmoredisciplinedthanscreamextremely.Youshould__17__thatemotionalrageonlymakesmattersworse.Andpleaserememberthatonceithappens，thatwillgiveusan__18__togrowstronger.Everydifficultmomentinourlivesisacpaniedbyanopportunityforpersonalgrowthand__19__.Butinordertoattainthisgrowthandcreativity，wemustfirstlearntocontrolouremotions.Wemustrecognizethatdifficulties__20__likeeverythingelseinlife.Lifeisshort.Ourthoughtsleadourreality.1．A．along B．aroundC．forward D．back2．A．fashion B．scienceC．nature D．art3．A．helped B．finishedC．started D．stopped4．A．normally B．pletelyC．suddenly D．deliberately5．A．horrible B．terribleC．accessible D．sensible6．A．arose B．arousedC．rose D．raised7．A．wet B．dryC．warm D．cold8．A．from B．overC．against D．with9．A．laptop B．glassC．friend D．waiter10．A．upanddown B．backandforthC．inandout D．farandwide11．A．placed B．forcedC．stayed D．dropped12．A．reach B．orderC．interest D．view13．A．questions B．troublesC．explanations D．petitions14．A．upset B．excitedC．surprised D．delighted15．A．Gradually B．ObviouslyC．Eventually D．Strangely16．A．environments B．expectationsC．surroundings D．situations17．A．forget B．regretC．remember D．expect18．A．advantage B．admissionC．opportunity D．attention19．A．creativity B．respectC．activity D．convenience20．A．pass B．changeC．ignore D．reduce[语篇解读]我们必须学会控制自己的情绪，才能把握住成长和创造的机会。1．解析：选A该句句意：她随身带了台笔记本电脑。bringalong“随身携带”，符合语境。2．解析：选D由下文的welookedthroughherartwork可判断该空选art。3．解析：选C句意：电脑突然开始发出一阵不正常的嗡嗡声。选C项。4．解析：选B结合上一句分析：随后屏幕不停地闪烁，直至“完全”(pletely)关机。5．解析：选B句意：我们诧异地盯着对方，却闻到了一股“难闻的”(terrible)焦味；horrible可怕的；accessible容易取得的；sensible合情理的，均不符合语境。6．解析：选A英语中，表示问题“显现，出来”时，常用arise，此句句意：问题马上就明了了。选A。7．解析：选A由下文的“...anempty，spiltwaterglassrested...”即可得知：水洒了，电脑的底部被浸“湿了”(wet)。8．解析：选C根据下文“...thesideofherpurse...”即可得知：水杯翻倒在了她的钱包旁。显然有“逆，反”之意，故用介词against。9．解析：选A恰巧那电脑就放在钱包的后面。故用laptop。10．解析：选B根据语境，我们谈论时反复来回地移动那14英寸的屏幕。backandforth(来回)符合语境。而upanddown(上下)，inandout(进出)，farandwide(到处)，均与文意不符。11．解析：选A结合语境分析：服务生无意地将水杯“放在”(placed)了电脑的后面。12．解析：选D这也在我们的视线之外，即我们没有注意到。故用view。13．解析：选B文章第一、二段出现的意外显然是trouble，故此处用sometroubles来表达句意：当生活给我们出类似于这种棘手的难题时……。14．解析：选A根据上文语境可知出现了许多麻烦，由常识推断出我们的自然反应是非常心烦，故选upset。15．解析：选B结合上一句可知：但这样会帮我们脱离困境吗？显然不会。故用obviously。16．解析：选Dinthesekindsofsituations表示“在这些情况下”，其他三项均不符合句意。17．解析：选C由上下文即可得知，作者是想让人们记住：emotionalrageonlymakesmattersworse，即“情绪愤怒只会使事情变得更糟”。故用remember。18．解析：选C由上文rememberthatonceithappens可知，那会给我们一个变得更坚强的“机会”(opportunity)。其他三项均不符合。19．解析：选A根据语境可知：在我们的生命中，每个艰难时刻都伴有一个自我成长和“创造”(creativity)的机会。20．解析：选A根据下文Lifeisshort可知：困难是我们生命中的一个个过客，就像其他东西一样。故用pass符合语境。三．语法填空体裁话题指数建议用时正确率记叙文屏幕里的生活★★★★7′____/10Iwaslivingalifeinmyscreenandhardlynoticedwhat__1__(be)aroundme.Iwasalwayscheckingthetimeandthinkingoffuture__2__(plan)．Mythoughtwas：“Who’sgoingtotextmenow？WhatwillIdonext？”Mybedtimeroutinewasusuallycentered__3__onething：myphone.__4__Iwenttosleep，Ibrowsedthroughnewswebsitesandcheckedmyemails.WhenIwokeupinthemiddleofthenight.Ididthesamething.TheproblemwiththiswasthatIfeltanxiouseverynight.Sowhenmyfriendsinvitedme__5__(go)foralongweekendcampingwithoutthecellservice，Ithoughtthiswas__6__(exact)whatIneeded.Here’show__7__(keep)awayfrommyphonefor48hourschangedmeandmywayoflife.Withoutmyphone，Ifellasleep__8__(listen)tothesongsoffrogsandcrickets.Inthemorning，Iwokeupenergetically.Sittingbytheriver，ridingabike，orsingingtheoldsongs，I__9__(true)enjoyedwhatIwasdoing.Ifeltfreewithoutmyphoneatweekendcamp，__10__changedmepletely.Ilistenedtowhatmybodywantedinsteadofwhatmyphonewastellingmetodo.[语篇解读]本文是记叙文。作者习惯了与形影不离的生活，这使得作者很难注意到生活中其他事情。而作者也希望能够做出改变，最终他克服了依赖症，仿佛重拾自由。1．was考查动词的时态。根据上文wasliving可知，本句时态为过去时，叙述了过去发生的事情，故填was。2．plans考查名词。此处指未来的计划。根据常识可知，计划不只一件，故填名词复数形式plans。3．on考查介词。becenteredonsth.意为“以某物为中心”，故填介词on。4．When考查连词。分析句意可知，此处指当作者上床睡觉时，会浏览新闻网站，检查邮箱。由此可知，用when引导时间状语从句，注意首字母大写。5．togo考查非谓语动词。invitesb.todosth.意为“邀请某人做某事”，为固定搭配，故填togo。6．exactly考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处用副词形式修饰表语从句whatIneeded，故填exactly。7．keeping考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，how引导的表语从句中缺少主语，故用动名词短语作主语，故填keeping。8．listening考查非谓语动词。本句逻辑主语为I，与动词listen之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词listening表伴随。9．truly考查副词。修饰动词enjoyed应用副词形式truly。本句意为：我真正享受我所做的事情。10．which考查关系代词。本句为非限制性定语从句，所填词代指前面整个句子，故用which引导从句。四．短文改错ThefirsttimeIdecidedtoleavehomewaswhenIjustbeganmyuniversitylife.Iwashavingtroublegetalongwithmyparents.Ihadonlyfiftydollarinmypockets，butIwasdeterminedtoleavehome.ItwastwoweeksafterIstartedtofeelhomesick.Livingonmyownisatotaldifferentexperienceforthreemainreasons：beingthemoreresponsible，moredecisiveandmorecreative.BecauseIstoodonmyownfeet，