2020年高考英语二轮复习-专题4-任务型阅读一

2021年高考英语二轮复习专题4任务型阅读〔一〕一、任务型阅读1.〔2021·浙江〕根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Rockmusicconsistsofmanydifferentstyles.Eventhoughthereisacommonspiritamongallmusicgroups,theymakeverydifferentmusic.________AtthattimetheBeatlesenteredtheworldofmusicfromLiverpool.AftertheyweregivenaninvitationtoappearliveonBBC,theBeatlesquicklybecamefamousinBritainwithnationwidetours.Bymid-1963,theBeatleshadbeenextremelypopularinEngland.________Theyheldlargeconcertsandperformedatclubs.TheybecamethehottestthingonthepopmusicsceneinEngland.Theybeganasamodestlysuccessfulmusiciangroupandendedtheyearasshowbusinesslegends〔传说〕.JohnLennonandPaulMcCartneywerenamedcomposersoftheyear.

________TheywerenotsurehowtheAmericanswouldreacttothenewtypeofmusic.BeatlemaniahitNewYorkonFebruary7,1964.Hundredsoffansjammedtheairporttogreetthem.________

Theconcertwasbroadcastliveandattractedthelargestonenightaudienceinthehistoryoftelevisionuptothattime.TheBeatlesweredescribedasaBritishinvasion〔入侵〕bylocalandnationwidenewspapersatthattime.TheirvictoryinAmericawasstillrememberedasamajorturningpointinthehistoryofrockandroll.ThankstotheBeatles,alotofopportunitieswereopeneduptonewfacesonthemarket.________A.TheydecidedonatourtotheUnitedStatesin1964.B.Eventheirhairstylesbecamemajortrendsatthattime.C.Rockmusicdevelopedinthe1950sandtheearly1960s.D.However,theirsongschangedthelivesofgenerationstocome.E.ManyrockbandswereabletofollowinthefootstepsoftheBeatles.F.TheyappearedinthefilmsAHardDay'sNight〔1964〕andHelp！〔1965〕.G.TheyperformedtheirfirstconcertinAmericaatCBStelevision's53rdstreetstudio.【答案】C；B；A；G；E【考点】七选五【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，介绍披头士摇滚乐队的崛起和对音乐的引领。〔1〕段中句。根据后一句的atthattime可知此处涉及时间，theBeatlesenteredtheworldofmusic

与developed对应，故答案为C。〔2〕段中句。有前后句中的they可将答案范围缩小，根据前一句中的extremelypopular与选项B中的Eventheirhairstylesbecamemajortrends照应，故答案为B。〔3〕段首句。后一句中“他们不确定howtheAmericanswouldreacttothenewtypeofmusic〞

是他们去美国前的态度，与选项A中的decidedonatourtotheUnitedStates

有紧密联系。故答案为A。〔4〕段中句。本段描述披头士乐队在美国的受欢送程度。前一句fansjammedtheairporttogreetthem描写粉丝们的热情，后一句中的Theconcertwasbroadcastliveandattractedthelargestonenightaudience说明他们在开演唱会，同时选项G中的performedtheirfirstconcertinAmerica，与前文提到的他们第一次到美国照应，故答案为G。〔5〕段尾句。根据前一句ThankstotheBeatles,alotofopportunitieswereopeneduptonewfacesonthemarket.

感谢披头士，市场中很多时机向新面孔翻开。可知此处应举例，选项E中的Manyrockbandswereabletofollowinthefootstep就是因为披头士乐队的影响的表现。故答案为E。【点评】此题重在考查上下文之间的逻辑关系，答题时首先浏览文章主旨，并理解各个选项所表达的含义。然后再读短文，选出最能使上下文语义通顺的选项，注意段落大意，空格前后的关键词等信息，完成后要通读一篇，看语义是否通顺，是否符合逻辑，必要的话做适当修改。2.〔2021·北京〕根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A.It'snotasimplemattertodeterminethenatureoftalent.B.SportsteamownersspendmillionsofdollarsattractingtoptalentC.Thegroupinteractionanditseffectdrewtheresearchers'attention.D.Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.E.Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.F.Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebesttalent.G.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballandbasketball.

Muchoftheworkintoday'sworldisaccomplished(完成)inteams.Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.________Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheirmoneywellspent?

________Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballandbaseball.Theresultsaremixed.Forfootballandbasketball,addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod,butonlyuptothepointwhere70%oftheplayersaretoptalent;abovethatlevel,theteam'sperformancebeginstodecline.Interestingly,thistrendisn'tevidentinbaseball,whereadditionalindividualtalentkeepsimprovingtheteam'sperformance.

Toexplainthisphenomenon,theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequiresitsmemberstocoordinate(协调)theiractions.________Inbaseball,theperformanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates.Theyconcludethatwhentaskinterdependenceishigh,teamperformancewillsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent,whileindividualtalentwillhavepositiveeffectsonteamperformancewhentaskinterdependenceislower.Ifabasketballstaris,forexample,tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal,hemaytakeashothimselfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate,affectingtheteam'sperformance.Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamsportsareoftentold,"ThereisnoIinTEAM."________

Anotherpossibilityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam,someplayersmaymakelesseffort.Justasinagameoftug-of-war(拔河比赛),wheneverapersonisadded,everyoneelsepullstheropewithlessforce.

________.AnA-teammayrequireabalance-notjustaplayers,butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.【答案】B；E；G；D；F【考点】七选五【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了建立一支最正确阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。〔1〕考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“

Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.

〞大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的个人；根据空后“Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.

〞公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。该空承上启下，也是在举例，B.Sportsteamownersspendmillionsofdollarsattractingtoptalent“运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。〞切题，应选B。〔2〕考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballandbaseball.Theresultsaremixed.〞他们专注于足球、篮球和篮球。结果有好有坏。这些都属于体育方面，该空引出下文，E.Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.“最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。〞切题，应选E。〔3〕考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“

Toexplainthisphenomenon,theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequiresitsmemberstocoordinate(协调)theiractions.

〞为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度，下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballandbasketball.“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。〞切题，应选G。〔4〕考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“hemaytakeashothimselfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate,affectingtheteam'sperformance.

〞一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现〞，该空承接上文，D.Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.“球星显然没有遵守运发动精神的根本原那么〞切题，应选D。〔5〕考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“AnA-teammayrequireabalance-notjustaplayers,butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.〞一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。该空引出下文，F.Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebesttalent.“建立一支最正确阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。〞切题，应选F。【点评】此题要求在理解细节信息的根底上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。3.〔2021·江苏〕请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。TheCostofThinking

Despitetheirmanydifferences,allhumanbeingsshareseveraldefiningcharacteristics,suchaslargebrainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwolegs.

Thefirstuniquehumancharacteristicisthathumanshaveextraordinarilylargebrainscomparedwithotheranimals.Itseemsobviousthatevolutionshouldselectforlargerbrains.Mammals(哺乳动物)weighingsixtykilogramshaveanaveragebrainsizeof200cm2.Modernmanhasabrainaveraging1200-1400cm2.Wearesofondofourhighintelligencethatweassumethatwhenitcomestobrainpower,moremustbebetter.Unfortunately,thatisnotthecase.

Thefactisthatahugebrainisahugedrain—consumptionofenergy—onthebody.I'snoteasytocarryaround,especiallywhenboxedinsideamassiveskull(倾骨).It'sevenhardertoprovidesenergy.Inmodernman,thebrainaccountsforabout2-3%oftotalbodyweightbutitconsumes25%ofthebody'senergywhenthebodyisatrest.Bycomparison,thebrainsofapes(类人猿)requireonly8%ofrest-timeenergy.Earlyhumanspadfortheirlargebrainsintwoways.Firstly,theyspentmoretimeinsearchfood.Secondly,theirmusclesgrewsmallerandweaker.It'shardlyanobviousconclusionthatthisisagoodwaytosurvive.Achimpanzee(黑猩猩)can'twinanargumentwithamodernman,butitcantearthemanapartlikearagdoll.

Anotheruniquehumancharacteristicisthatwewalkupright.Standingup,it'seasiertofindfoodorenemies.Inaddition,theirarmsthatareunnecessaryformovingaroundarefreedforotherpurposes,likethrowingstonesorsignaling.Asaresult,humanscanperformverycomplextaskswiththeirhands.

Yetwalkinguprighthasitsdisadvantage.Thebonestructureofourancestorsdevelopedformillionsofyearstosupportacreaturethatwalkedonallfoursandhasarelativelysmallhead.Adjustingtoanuprightpositionwasquiteachallenge,especiallywhentheboneshadtosupportanextra-largeskull.Humankindpaidforitsbroadvisionandskillfulhandsbackachesandpainfulnecks.

Weassumethatalargebrainmakeshugeadvantages.Itseemsobviousthatthesehavemadehumankindthemostpowerfulanimalonearth.Buthumansenjoyedalloftheseadvantagesforafull2millionyearsduringwhichtheyremainedweakandmarginalcreature.Thushumanswholivedamillionyearsago,despitetheirbigbrainsandsharpstonetools,livedinconstantfearofmeat-eatinganimals.TheCostofThinkingIntroduction•Largebrainsfortheirbodiesandtheabilitytowalkuprightaretwo________ofhumanbeings.The________oflargehumanbrains•Thelargerbrainsmaynotbebetterbecauseofthecost.•Thebigbrainsmakeitharderforthebodytomovearoundandconsumemoreenergy.•Theanimalbrainrequiresless________whenthebodyisatrest.•Largehumanbrainsconsumemorefood,andweakenmuscles.The________ofwalkingupright•Walkinguprightmakesiteasytofindfoodor________againstenemies.•Freedhandscanservesome________purposeandperformcomplextasks.•Walkinguprightchallengesthehumanbonestructure,and________thesizeofbrains.•Walkinguprightresultsin________sufferings.Conclusion•Withalargebrain,humanbeings________otherbeingsintermsofintelligence.•Weakandmarginal,humanbeingsremained________ofmeat-eatinganimals.【答案】characteristics；disadvantages；energy；impact(s)；guard；other；limits；physical；beat；fearful/afraid【考点】任务型阅读【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人用大脑思考的代价。人类与动物相比有两大特点：大大的大脑和直立行走。超大的大脑使人类拥有更高的智商，但却消耗巨大的能量。直立行走让人类擅长寻找食物和抵御敌人，解放了的双手来更复杂的事。但却让人类遭受腰痛和颈部疼痛等。人类成为地球上最强大的动物，享受无与伦比的优势，却对食肉动物怀有恐惧。〔1〕信息归纳题。根据第一段“allhumanbeingssharedefiningcharacteristics,suchaslargebrainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwolegs.〞可知，大脑袋和双腿直立行走的能力是人类共有的特点(characteristics)。故填characteristics。〔2〕信息归纳题。此题就是对第三段内容的总结。第三段主要表达了人类的大脑大的缺点。因此本空格填写disadvantages。〔3〕信息来源题。根据第三段中的“ahugebrainisahugedrain--consumptionofenergy〞以及“It(thebrain)consumes25%ofthebody'senergywhenthebodyisatrest.Bycomparisonthebrainsofapesrequireonly8%ofrest-timeenergy〞可知，人类巨大的大脑是一个巨大的能量消耗。当身体处于休息时，大脑要消耗25%的身体能量。相比之下，类人猿的大脑只需要8%的休息时间能量。人类与动物相比，动物需要的能量〔energy〕要比人类少。故填energy。〔4〕信息归纳题。分析空后的75--78小题所在的第五段和第六段的内容可知，此局部主要表达了直立行走对人类的影响。故填impact(s)。〔5〕信息转换题。根据第五段的第一句“Anotheruniquehumancharacteristicisthatwewalkupright.Standingup,it'seasiertofindfoodorenemies.〞可知，另一个独特的人类特征是我们直立行走。站起来，更容易找到食物或敌人。找到敌人，就是为了防御敌人。因为or为连词，在此句中连结两个动词短语，故空格填动词。“guardagainst...〞为固定搭配，意为“防御〞，故填guard。〔6〕信息来源题。根据第五段中的〞...theirarmsthatareunnecessaryformoving

aroundarefreedforotherpurposes,likethrowingstonesorsignaling.Asaresult,humanscanperformverycomplextaskswiththeirhands.〞可知，解放了的双手可以用于做其它的事，即有其它的目的。故填other。〔7〕信息归纳题。根据第五段“walkinguprighthasdisadvantages.Thebonestructureofourancestorsdevelopedformillionsofyearstosupportacreaturethatwalkedonfourandarelativesmallhead.Adjustingtoanuprightpositionwasquiteachallenge,especiallywhentheboneshadtosupportanextra-largeskull.〞可知，直立行走也有缺点。我们祖先进化了上百亿年，骨骼也只能支撑四肢行走和有一个相对较小的头。直立行走对人类的骨架是一个相当大的挑战，限制了人的头脑的大小。故本空填limits。〔8〕信息转换题。根据第六段“...,Humankindpaidforitsvisionandskillfulhandswithbackachesandpainfulnecks.〞可知，直立对人类的骨架是一个相当大的挑战，人类为自己的视力和灵巧的双手付出了代价，换来的是腰酸背痛和脖子疼痛。由此得出，直立导致身体方面的(physical)痛苦，故填physical。〔9〕信息归纳题。根据最后一段“Weassumethatalargebrainmakeshugeadvantages.Itseemsobviousthatthesehavemadehumankindthemostpowerfulanimal

onearth.〞可知，我们假设大脑越大，优势越大。很明显，这些使得人类成为地球上最强大的动物。由此可推断出我们的大脑比动物大，在智力方面人类比动物更聪明，即在智力方面击败了(beat)其他动物。故填beat。〔10〕信息归纳题。根据最后一段“...humansenjoyedalloftheseadvantagesforafull2millionyearsduringwhichtheyweakandmarginalcreatures.Thushumanswholivedamillionyearsago,despitetheirbigbrainsandsharpstonetools,livedinconstantfearofmeat--eatinganimals.〞可知，尽管人类享受着所有这些优势，但也是弱小的生物。因此尽管拥有巨大的大脑和锋利的石器，但也曾经对食肉动物仍旧害怕/恐惧。因为空前是系动词，故本空要填形容词(afraid/fearful)可知，此处要填名词，故填fearful/afraid。【点评】此题考点涉及信息归纳，信息转换题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。4.〔2021·天津〕阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语答复下列问题。HazeMabry,whohasworkedasaschoolkeeperforthirteenyears,walksintotheschoolbuildingeverydayandemptiesgarbagecans,wipesdownbathroomsandmopswetmessesinthehallways.

LastFriday,afterhearrivedattheschool,insteadoffindinggarbagetocleanup,hefoundalmost800studentsliningthehallwayswithhandmadecards,blowingnoisemakersandsingingafull-throatedhappybirthdaytohim.Itwashis80th.Ashewalkedthelonghallway,somepoppedoutoflimetohughim.Theyhandedhimsomanycardsthattheyfilledseverallargeboxes.Touchedbytheirenthusiasticexpressionofaffection.Mabrythankedthemall."They'relikemychildren,"Mabrysaid.

Onaregularday,studentsattheschoolsometimescomeuptohimtosaythey'renotfeelingwellorothertimestotellhimaboutsomethingthathappenedatbreak.Heknowsmostofthekidsattheschool,butcan'tnameeachone.Someofthemmakehimknowthem.LikeFaith,whooftenforgetsherbackpackinthecafeteria,andLucy,whojustwantsahug.

"Hewon'tbrag〔夸耀〕onhimself,butitdoesn'tmatterwhathe'sdoingorwhereheis,hewillalwaysstopwhathe'sdoingtotakecareofachildifthatchildishavingabadday.Ifachildapproacheshim,hewillpausetogivethatchildhisundividedattention.He'sthemostlovedoneinthisbuilding,"saidLoriGilreath,areadingteacher.

Mabryworkscirclesaroundallthestudents,cleaningupmessesothersdon'twanttotouch.Hedoesn'texpectalot.Mabrysaidhehadn'tplannedtodomuchforhismilestonebirthday,sohewashappythestudentshadpreparedthesurprisecelebration.

Overtheweekend,heworkedthroughthepilesofhandmadecardsathishouse.Onecardfromastudentstoodouttohim.Itread:"Mr.Haze,youaremysunshine.〞〔1〕WhatisMabry'sdailyworkasaschoolkeeper？〔nomorethan5words〕〔2〕HowdidthestudentscelebrateMabry'sbirthday？〔nomorethan15words〕〔3〕WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph2probablymean？〔1word〕〔4〕WhyisMabry'spresenceattheschoolimportant？〔nomorethan10words〕〔5〕Whoisthe"sunshine"inyourlife？Pleaseexplain.〔nomorethan20words〕【答案】〔1〕Cleaningthe〔school〕building.Or:Doing〔the〕cleaning.Or:Hecleansthe〔school〕building.Or:Hedoes〔the〕cleaning.〔2〕Byliningthehallways，blowingnoisemakers，singingasong，handinghimcards，andhugginghim.Or:Byliningthehallwayswith〔handmade〕cards，blowingnoisemakers，singingasong，andhugginghim.Or:Theylinedthehallways，blewnoisemakers，sangasong，handedhimcards，andhuggedhim.Or:Theylinedthehallwayswith〔handmade〕cards，blewnoisemakers，sangasong，andhuggedhim.〔3〕Love.Or:Liking.Or:Fondness.〔4〕〔Because〕heloves/caresabout〔the〕studentsandworkshard.Or:〔Because〕heloves〔the〕studentsandisdevotedtohiswork.Or:〔Because〕heiskind/caring/helpfultothestudents，andhard-working.Or:〔Because〕heisregardedasakind/warm-hearted/helpful/caringandhard-workingman.〔5〕Myfather/mother.〔Because〕he/shelovesmeandencouragesmewhenI'mfaced/confrontedwithdifficulties.Or:Myteacher.〔Because〕he/shecaresaboutmeandpreparesmeformyfuturecareer.Or:Myfriend.〔Because〕he/shebringsmejoy/happinessandgivesmealotofcomfort/help/encouragement.【考点】阅读表达，任务型阅读【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，清洁工Mabry的日常工作就是清扫学校大楼。Mabry爱学生，关心学生。学生们也尊敬他，喜欢他。在他80生日那天，学生们用自己的方式祝贺他的生日，表达了对Mabry的热爱。〔1〕考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“HazeMabry,whohasworksasaschoolkeeperforthirteenyears,walksintotheschoolbuildingeverydayandemptygarbagecans,wipesdownbathrooms,andmopswetmessesinthehallways.〞可知HazeMabry是一位清洁工，他的日常工作就是清扫学校大楼。因此本句的答案可为：Cleaningthe(school)building./Doing〔the〕cleaning./Hecleansthe(school)building./Hedoes(the)cleaning.〔2〕考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“LastFriday,...hefoundalmost800studentsliningthehallwayswithhandmadecards,blowingnoisemakersandsingingafull-throatedhappybirthdaytohim.和somepoppedoutoflinetohughim.〞可知，上个周五，他发现几乎有800名学生在走廊里排队，拿着手制卡片，吹口哨，为他唱了一首响亮的生日快乐歌，拥抱他。因此答案为：Byliningthehallways,blowingnoisemakers,singingasong,handinghimcards,andhugginghim./Byliningthehallwayswith(handmade)cards,blowingnoisemakers,singingasong,andhugginghim.

/Theylinedthehallways,blewnoisemakers,sangasong,handedhimcards,andhuggedhim.

/Theylinedthehallwayswith(handmade)card,blewnoisemakers,sangasong,handedhimcards,andhuggedhim.〔3〕考查词义猜想。根据第二段学生们为Mabry庆祝生日的方式和划线词后的内容“Mabrythankedthemall,〞以及“They'relikemychildren.〞可知Mabry爱学生，把学生当作自己的孩子。那么学生们也表达了他们对Mabry的热爱。因此Mabry被学生的爱所感动，故所以的“affection〞相当于“Love〞，故填love/Liking

/Fondness.〔4〕考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“...hewillalwaysstopwhathe'sdoingtotakecareofachildifthatchildishavingabadday.Ifachildapproacheshim,hewillpausetogivethatboyhisundividedattention.He'sthemostlovedoneinthisbuilding.〞以及最后一段中的“Mabryworkscirclesaroundallthestudents,cleaningupmessesothersdon'twanttotouch.Hedoesn'texpectalot.〞可知，Mabry关心保护孩子，帮助孩子，是一个善良、热心的人。一个不怕脏不怕累、勤奋工作的人。因此答案为：(Because)heloves/caresabout〔the〕studentsandworkshard.

/(Because)helovesthestudentsanddevotedtohiswork.

/(Because)heiskind/caring/helpingtothestudents,andhard-working.

/(Because)heisregardedasakind/warm-hearted/helpful/caringandhard-workingman.〔5〕考查学生的观察综合表达能力。此题的题目：whoisthe"sunshine"inyourlife?〞谁是你生活中的阳光？只要在生活或学习中帮助过你，关心你、保护你的，鼓励你，抚慰你的都可称为yoursunshine。因此答案可为：Myfather/mother.(Because)he/shelovesmeandencouragedmewhenI'mfaced/confrontedwithdifficulties.

Or:Myteacher.(Because)he/shecaresaboutmeandpreparesmeformyfuturecareer.

Or:Myfriend.(Because)he/shebringsmejoy/happinessandgivesmealotofcomfort/help/encouragement.【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜想以及综合表达能力等题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握所给材料，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而做出正确答案。5.〔2021·全国卷Ⅲ〕根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inanonlineclass,developinghealthypatternsofcommunicationwithprofessorsisveryimportant.________

WhileIhaveonlylistedtwoofeach,thereareobviouslymanyothersituationsthatcanarise.Studentsshouldbeabletoextendthelogic〔逻辑〕ofeachtotheirparticularcircumstance.

Do's

________

Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.Beforeaskingquestionsaboutthecoursedesign,readthesyllabus〔教学大纲〕andlearningmanagementsysteminformationtobesuretheanswerisn'thidinginplainsight.

Participateindiscussionforums〔论坛〕,blogsandotheropen-endedforumsfordialogue.________

Besuretostayontopicandnotofferirrelevantinformation.Makeapoint,andmakeitsafeforotherstodothesame.

Don'ts

Don'tsharepersonalinformationorstories.Professorsarenottrainednurses,financialaidexpertsoryourbestfriends.Ifyouareinneedofadeadlineextension,simplyexplainthesituationtotheprofessor.________

Don'topenlyexpressannoyanceataprofessororclass.________

Whenastudentattacksaprofessoronthesocialmedia,thelanguageusedactuallysaysmoreaboutthestudent.Ifthereistrulyaconcernaboutaprofessor'sprofessionalismorability,besuretouseonlinecourseevaluationstocalmlyofferyourcomments.A.That'swhattheyarefor.B.Turntoanonlineinstructorforhelp.C.Ifmoreinformationisneeded,theywillask.D.Rememberthatonlineprofessorsgetalotofemails.E.Belowaresomecommondo'sanddon'tforonlinelearners.F.Everyonehastakenanot-so-greatclassatonetimeoranother.G.Askquestions,butmakesuretheyaregood,thoughtfulquestions.【答案】E；G；A；C；F【考点】七选五【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌。〔1〕段中句。根据文章段落结构和本段首句Inanonlineclass,developinghealthypatternsofcommunicationwithprofessorsisveryimportant.可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康交流模式是非常重要的，根据下文中的do's和don'ts可知此处此处为文章的主题句，故答案为E。〔2〕段首句。根据其后一句Questions

about

subject

content

are

generally

welcomed.〔与课程内容相关的问题是受欢送的〕，解释了什么样的问题是好问题，可知，与G项makesuretheyaregood,thoughtfulquestions相照应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故答案为G。〔3〕段中句。根据前一句Participateindiscussionforums〔论坛〕,blogsandotheropen-endedforumsfordialogue可知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故答案为A。〔4〕段尾句。根据本段Professorsarenottrainednurses,financialaidexpertsoryourbestfriends教授不是训练有素的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，可知，不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息的话，他们会主动问起的，故答案为C。〔5〕段中句。通读本段，并根据本段主题句

Don'topenlyexpressannoyanceataprofessororclass告诫读者，每个人都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选答案为F。【点评】此题重在考查上下文之间的逻辑关系，答题时首先浏览文章主旨，并理解各个选项所表达的含义。然后再读短文，选出最能使上下文语义通顺的选项，注意段落大意，空格前后的关键词等信息，完成后要通读一篇，看语义是否通顺，是否符合逻辑，必要的话做适当修改。6.〔2021·新课标Ⅱ卷〕根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofsamecoin.________Likethechildon

the

diving

board,youwillstayundecided.

________

Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvaluesyourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyouryou'reyourgoals

Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.________

So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity〔清晰〕ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.

Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.________

Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.

Yourpersonalcircumstancesareequallyimportant.Forexample,youmaywanttobeaPilotbutcan'tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.________Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourselftosetafreshgoal.

Youwillsurelyneedtoovercomesomedifficulties,someplanned,butmostunplanned.Youcannotovercomethemwithoutamplemotivation.Makesurethatyouplanforthesedifficultiesatthetimeofsettingyourgoals.A.Thiscanaffectyourwork.B.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?C.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.D.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.F.Motivationiswhatyouneedmosttodoagoodjob.G.Withoutmotivationyoucanneithersetagoalnorreachit【答案】G；B；A；E；C【考点】七选五【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文，谈论动机与目标设立的关系。〔1〕段中句。前一句“动机和目标的设定是硬币的两面〞，所以可以判断此处论述motivation与goalsetting的关系，故答案为G。〔2〕段首句。下文中的More

thanthat后面的howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethe

goal?是一个特殊疑问句，所以可以判断此处的句式与后面的问句相似，都涉及到“motivate〞，故答案为B。〔3〕段中句。根据前一句yourheart

isnot

in

yourwork，这就会“影响你的工作〞，后一句So,slowdown

and

think…提出应对措施，故答案为A。〔4〕段中句。根据前一句goals

are

flexible，选项E中的they与goals对应，change

according

to

circumstances与flexible〔灵活的〕对应；另外后一句中的also说明此处涉及目标的特点，故答案为E。〔5〕段中句。前文提到“想当飞行员但是视力不好〞，后一句说“你要重新评估你的目标，鼓励自己设定新的目标〞，所以此处是承上启下的句子，故答案为C。【点评】这是一篇议论文，重在考查上下文之间的逻辑关系，答题时首先浏览文章主旨，并理解各个选项所表达的含义。然后再读短文，选出最能使上下文语义通顺的选项，注意段落大意，空格前后的关键词等信息，完成后要通读一篇，看语义是否通顺，是否符合逻辑，必要的话做适当修改。7.〔2021·新课标Ⅰ卷〕根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?

Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto"gooutandgetsomefreshair."________

Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.

________

Iftheairyou'rebreathingisclean-whichitwouldbeifyou'reawayfromthesmogofcities-thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles(肌肉)andyourbrain.

Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing(治愈).________

Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood(情绪).Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.________

Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.

________Whilethesun'srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveisbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD—butstillprotectyourskin—putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat'splentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday'sworthofVitaminD.A.Freshaircleansourlungs.B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?C.Beinginnaturerefreshesus.D.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?F.Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociateairwithhealthcare.G.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.【答案】E；A；G；C；D【考点】七选五【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文，谈论在没有污染的环境中，新鲜空气对人体有好处，能加快病人的康复。A.Freshaircleansourlungs.新鲜的空气清洁我们的肺。B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?所以你在等待什么？C.Beinginnaturerefreshesus.待在自然中可以让我们恢复精力。D.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.得到新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光。E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?但是新鲜的空气真的正如你妈妈经常说的那样对你有好处吗？F.Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociateairwithhealthcare.

同样重要的是，我们倾向于将空气与医疗保健联系起来。G.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.全国各地的康复中心都开始建造康复花园。〔1〕段中句，看前后。根据后一句theanswerisabigYES可知此处是一般疑问句，故答案为E。〔2〕段首句，看下文。根据后一句Iftheairyou'rebreathingisclean-whichitwouldbeifyou'reawayfromthesmogofcities-thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving，energizingoxygen可知干净的空气富含提神的氧气，这是在解释新鲜