高中英语译林版选修一：Unit 3 Period 3　Grammar and usage-Verb-ing and verb-ed forms as predicatives

Period3Grammarandusage—Verb-ingandverb-edformsaspredicatives认真阅读下列句子，感悟加黑部分在句中所作的成分并完成方框下面的小题。1．IcouldseefromMonet’sworksthathewasgreatlyinspiredbynature.2．ItisamazingthateverytimeMonetstudiedthissimplescene，hebroughtthepond’sbeautytothecanvasinauniqueway.3．...Iwasamazedtoseeallthepaintings.4．Itwassurprisingthentoseesomanypeopleviewingimportantandpreciousartworksthroughtheirsmartphones.5．Itmightsoundshocking，buttheyseemedmoreinterestedintakingphotosandrecordingvideosofartworksthanappreciatingthemwiththeirowneyes.6．MovingslowlythroughtheNationalGallery，Iwasdeterminedtokeepmysmartphoneinmybag...1．句2中的amazing、句4中的surprising、句5中的shocking都是动词-ing形式作表语；动词-ing形式多含有“令人(使人)……”之意，说明主语的性质特征，多表示主动，主语多为物。2．句1中的inspired、句3中的amazed、句5中的interested和句6中的determined都是动词-ed形式作表语；动词-ed形式一般表示被动或主语所处的状态，含有“感到……”之意，主语多是人。一、动词-ing形式作表语1．动词-ing形式作表语有时相当于形容词，用于说明主语的特征或性质，意为“令人……的”，常修饰物。常见的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing，disappointing等。Thedevelopmentofouraviationindustryisquiteencouraging.我们的航空工业的发展是非常令人鼓舞的。Theresultwasnotthesameastheyhadexpected，whichwasratherdisappointing.结果与他们预料的不一样，这相当令人失望。2．动词-ing形式作表语有时用于说明主语的内容，这时动词-ing形式可以带有逻辑主语或宾语，并且主语和表语两者可互换。Herjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossible.＝Keepingthelecturehallascleanaspossibleisherjob.她的工作是尽可能使报告厅保持干净。Mywishiseverybody’shavingfunattheparty.我的愿望是每个人都能在派对上玩得开心。3．动词-ing形式作表语与进行时态的区别Hisjobiscleaningtheclassroom.(动词-ing形式作表语)他的工作就是打扫教室。Heiscleaningtheclassroomnow.(谓语，现在进行时)他现在正在打扫教室。二、动词-ed形式作表语1．动词-ed形式作表语，多表示主语所处的状态或所具备的特征，常用的系动词有be，remain，feel，seem，look，become等。Helookedworriedafterreadingtheletter.看完信后，他显得很忧虑。BothheandIaresatisfiedwiththeresult.我和他对结果都很满意。2．动词-ed形式作表语与被动语态的区别动词-ed形式作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。Thecupisbroken.(系表结构)杯子破了。ThecupwasbrokenbyTom.(被动语态)杯子是被汤姆打破的。三、动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式作表语的区别动词-ing形式表示事物自身具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”动词-ed形式表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的”这类词常见的有：interesting令人感兴趣的—interested感到有趣的exciting令人激动的—excited感到激动的disappointing令人失望的—disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的—encouraged感到鼓舞的confusing令人费解的—confused感到费解的pleasing令人愉快的—pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人迷惑的—puzzled感到迷惑的satisfying令人满意的—satisfied感到满意的moving令人感动的—moved感到感动的注意：某些动词的过去分词可用来修饰名词look，expression，face等。如：asurprisedlook一个惊讶的表情；atiredface一张疲倦的脸；adiscouragedexpression一个沮丧的表情。阅读下面短文，用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空OnSaturday，Itookmychildrentothecircus.IthoughtIwouldhavea1.boring(bore)time，butactuallyIwasquite2.astonished(astonish)bythe3.amazing(amaze)acts.Wewere4.shocked(shock)bytheacrobats(杂技演员)．Theybalancedontopofeachotherwithunbelievableease.Wewerereally5.impressed(impress)bytheirperformances.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Eventhoughtheprojectwasoverbudget，theprojectmanageralwaysseemedrelaxed(relax)．2．Everyonewasveryconcerned(concern)whetherhewouldpullthroughornot.3．Havingnevermetwithsuchapuzzlingproblem，hefeltpuzzledanddidn’tknowhowtosolveit.(puzzle)4．Thetestischallenging(challenge)butI’mprettysureIwillpassit.5．Hegotveryexcited(excite)whenheheardthenewsthatnoonewashurtintheaccident.6．Whathehasdoneisreallydisappointing.Nowhisparentsaredisappointedinhim.(disappoint)7．Asisknowntousall，travelingisinteresting(interest)，butweoftenfeeltired(tire)whenwearebackfromtravels.8．Thismaysoundappealing(appeal)enoughbuthereIhavetoissueawarning.9．Poemswhichhadseemeddullandboring(bore)suddenlycametolife.10．Yourtaskiscleaning(clean)thewindowsandthefloor.Ⅱ.单句写作1．如果你对它感兴趣，请告知我，我会给你发送更多信息。Ifyouareinterestedinit，pleaseletmeknowandI’llsendyoumoreinformation.2．我们对他昨天在会议上说的话感到很惊讶。Weweresurprisedatwhathehadsaidatthemeetingyesterday.3．我知道他再次见到你将会很高兴。Iknowhewillbedelightedtoseeyouagain.4．他的缺点之一就是说谎，这经常给他带来麻烦。Oneofhisweaknessesistellinglies，whichoftenbringstroubletohim.5．这个结果非常令人失望，我们不知道该说什么。Thisresultisverydisappointingandwedon’tknowwhattosay.Ⅲ.阅读理解JamieWardleyisaspecialkindofartist—anicesculptor.Hefirsttrainedasasandsculptor.Later，helearnedabouticesculpture.Nowhedoessandsculptureinsummer.Andinwinter，hesculptsice.Whensculptingice，Wardleyhastoworkincoldtemperatures.Iftheweatheriscoldenough，hecanworkoutside.ButwinterintheUnitedKingdomisnotalwaysverycold.Sooftenheworksinalargefreezerwherethetemperatureisabout－12℃.Wardleyenjoyssculptingiceoutsideinwinter.Whenhesculptsintheopenair，peoplecanwatch.Theycanbepartofthecreativeprocess.Wardleymakesicesculptingsoundsimple.ButthetoolsWardleyusesaresharpanddangerous.Andtheiceisveryheavy.Eachblockoficeweighs120kilos.Andsomelargersculpturesaremadeofseveralcombinedblocksofice.Sometimesicesculpturescanbeasbigasbuildings.InKemi，FinlandthereisanicehotelcalledtheSnowCastle.Eachyear，WardleyhelpsbuildtheSnowCastle.InsidetheSnowCastle，thetemperatureis－50℃.Eventhediningtablesaremadeofice.Soyouhavetowearwinterclotheswheneatingandwearahatwhensleeping.“TheicehotelisbuilteveryyearinJanuary.ThenitmeltsinApril.Eachyearwerebuilditandcreateanewdesign，”Wardleysaid.TheSnowCastleisalargeandamazingworkofice，butWardley’ssmallericesculpturesarespecialtoo.Onewinter，inthecityofBradford，theUK，Wardleycreatedseveralsmallsculptures.Heusedthesculpturestotellastorywhichcontainedanimportantmessageaboutgoodwillandunderstanding.Icesculpturesaretemporaryworksofart.Whenthetemperaturerises，theywillmelt.Butthatdoesnotmeanthattheirbeautyislost.ThesculpturesfromthatdayinBradfordhavenowmeltedaway，buttheirmessageofgoodwill，understandingandacceptanceremains.eq\x(语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了英国冰雕艺术家杰米·沃德利。)1．Accordingtothetext，Wardley.A．lovessandsculpturemorethanicesculptureB．sculptsiceinalargefreezerinsummerC．workedasanicesculptorinthebeginningD．enjoyscarvingiceoutdoorsinwinter答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Wardleyenjoyssculptingiceoutsideinwinter.”可知D项正确。2．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeWardley’ssculpting?A．Easyandamazing.B．Specialbutdifficult.C．Boringanddangerous.D．Simplebuttemporary.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第四段所描述的冰雕过程和倒数第二段第一句可知，B项“特别但是艰难”是沃德利的冰雕的特点。3．WhatdoweknowabouttheSnowCastle?A．ItliesinthecityofBradford，theUK.B．Itistoocoldforpeopletolivein.C．Itrequirestobebuilteveryyear.D．ItisbuiltbetweenJanuaryandApril.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句中的“Eachyearwerebuildit”可知选C项。4．Whatdoestheauthorthinkoficesculptures?A．Theynevermeltinpeople’shearts.B．Ittakestimetounderstandthem.C．Theirbeautydoesn’tlastforever.D．TheyaddmorebeautytoBradford.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，作者认为冰雕作品虽然会融化，但它们所传达的寓意将永存在人们心里。故选A项。Ⅳ.完形填空Adventureisinmyblood.AndIhadbeenconsideringhowIwasgoingtocelebratemyhighschoolgraduation.Ididn’tjustwantasmall1inthebackyard.Istartedthinkingaboutdoingasolo(独自的)2somewhereoutoftheordinary.Itookoutthemapanddrewa1,500-mile3alongwhichIwouldbe4fromthenorthernmostpointinNorwaytothesouthernmostsectionofSweden.WhenI5myplanwithmydad，he6asIthoughthewould.BecauseIgetmyadventurous7fromhim，hewasallforit.Ihadonlybeenawayfrommyhomeforthreedays，buttherewasaninner8goingon.PartofmewashomesickanddoubtingwhetherIreallycould9it.Theotherpartofmewasreadyto10tomyselfandmyfamilythatIcoulddoitbymyself.Ontheroad，ImetanotherbicyclistwhowasquiteabitolderthanIwas.HestartedhisjourneyalonebybikeatthesouthernpartofNorwayandjustfinished.Icouldtellhehadagreatsenseof11.Itencouragedmenotto12.AsIlistenedtomyfavouriteartistsonmyMP4player，Ipedaledwithmyfeet.Therewasnobodyaroundmeformiles.13，thatwasn’tentirelytrue.Thereweremosquitoes—millionsofthem.Myarmsweresodottedwith14thattheylookedlikeatopographical(地形的)map.Buthowever15itwouldbe，nothingcouldstopmyadvanceonthedestination.Asyouknow，adventureisinmyblood.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。作者为了庆祝高中毕业，决定一个人骑自行车旅行。途中作者遇到的另一个骑自行车的人给了他鼓励。这让他明白不管有多难，都要朝着目的地前进。1．A.meeting B．partyC．conversation D．game答案B解析因为是庆祝高中毕业，所以作者不想仅仅在后院举行一个聚会，故选B。2．A.trip B．flightC．interview D．performance答案A解析从下文中的“Itookoutthemapanddrewa1,500-milealongwhichIwouldbefromthenorthernmostpointinNorwaytothesouthernmostsectionofSweden.”可知，作者打算独自去旅行，故选A。3．A.route B．magazineC．instruction D．newspaper答案A解析从空前的“tookoutthemap”可知，作者拿出地图在上面画了一条路线，故选A。4．A.flying B．cyclingC．running D．walking答案B解析由下文中的“Ipedaledwithmyfeet”可知，作者是骑自行车去旅行的，故选B。5．A.shared B．changedC．prepared D．compared答案A解析根据常识可知，作者和爸爸分享了自己的计划，故选A。6．A.left B．criedC．sighed D．agreed答案D解析从下文中的“BecauseIgetmyadventurousfromhim，hewasallforit.”可知，爸爸赞同作者的计划，故选D。7．A.story B．skillC．spirit D．hobby答案C解析由文章开头的“Adventureisinmyblood.”可知，作者继承了爸爸的冒险精神，故选C。8．A.discussion B．activityC．request D．battle答案D解析从下文中的“Partofmewashomesickanddoubting...”和“Theotherpartofmewasreadytotomyself...”可知，作者的内心在作斗争，故选D。9．A.get B．putC．make D．take答案C解析作者一方面怀疑自己是否能够成功(makeit)，故选C。10．A.adopt B．adaptC．prove D．reply答案C解析作者另一方面又想向自己和家人证明自己能独自旅行，故选C。11．A.satisfaction B．directionC．balance D．humor答案A解析从上文中的“justfinished”可知，另外一个骑自行车的人已经完成了自己的旅行，因此作者可以感觉到他有一种满足感，故选A。12．A.speedup B．giveupC．calmdown D．breakdown答案B解析另外一个骑自行车的人的成功鼓励了作者不要放弃，故选B。13．A.Firstly B．ActuallyC．Eventually D．Fortunately答案B解析由空前的“Therewasnobodyaroundmeformiles.”和空后的“thatwasn’tentirelytrue.Thereweremosquitoes—millionsofthem”可知，实际上，这并不是真的，故选B。14．A.cuts B．bitesC．burns D．wounds答案B解析从上文中的“Thereweremosquitoes—millionsofthem.”可知，作者的胳膊上都是蚊子咬的伤口，故选B。15．A.boring B．confusingC．appealing D．challenging答案D解析从空后的“nothingcouldstopmyadvanceonthedestination”可知，不管有多难，没有什么能阻止作者朝目的地前进，故选D。Ⅴ.语法填空All-outsearchandrescueefforts1.(be)underwayonMonday,21st，Mar.,2022，afteraChinaEasternAirlinesaircraft2.(carry)132peoplecrashedinSouthChina’sGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegionintheafternoon—endingChina’s12-yearairsafetyrecord.FlightMU5735leftKunmingat1pmandwasscheduledtoarrive3.Guangzhouat3pm.AirtrafficcontrollerslosttrackoftheplaneoverWuzhou，Guangxi.Inaninstructionissued(发布)shortlyafterthecrash，PresidentXiJinpingsaidhewas4._________(shock)tolearnabouttheaccidentandaskedfortheimmediatelaunchofanemergencyresponse.PremierLiKeqiangalsomade5.instructiononMonday，urgingthatutmost(最大限度的)efforts6.(make)tosearchforsurvivorsandtreattheinjured.Healsostressedthatrelateddepartmentsshouldsparenoeffort7.(comfort)thevictims’familiesandprovidethemwithnecessaryhelp.Liaskedauthoritiestoreleaserelevantinformationina8.(time)，accurateandevidence-basedmanner，findthecauseoftheaccidentandtake9.(measure)tostrengthencivilaviationsafetymanagement.Morethan640fire