湖北省黄冈市黄梅县育才高级中学2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题（解析版）

黄梅县育才高级中学高三9月月考英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.VisitBill. B.Playtennis. C.Goswimming.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Jack,areyougoingtoplaytenniswithustoday?M:I’msorry,IalreadypromisedBillI’dgoswimmingwithhim.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhattimeisAlexsupposedtoarrive?A.At8:00. B.At7:30. C.At8:15.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:IwonderifAlexwillbeherebyeighto’clock.Heissupposedtobe.M:Hismothersaidheleftatseventhirty,sohewouldbeherebyeightfifteenatthelatest.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherewillthespeakersprobablyspendtheirvacation?A.InChina. B.InItaly. C.InKorea.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:IknowyouwanttogotoChinaorKorea,butIreallywanttospendthevacationinItaly.M:Whateveryoulike,honey.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhichcolorMP4playerdoesthemanwant?A.Green. B.Brown. C.Blue.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:YoushouldhavealookatthenewMP4playerthat’sjustcomein,it’sanewdesignanditcomesinfourcolors,lightgreen,darkblue,blackandbrown.M:That’sexactlywhatI’mlookingfor,Hmm.Iknowmostboyswouldpreferblue,butIthinkI’dlikeagreenone.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemandoing?A.Makinganapology. B.Makinganinvitation. C.Offeringhelp.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,lily?W:What’sup?M:IwaswonderingifyouwouldbefreetohavedinnerwithmethisSunday.W:I’dloveto,butIhavetohelpmysisterwithherhomework.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atthecounter. B.Ontheplane. C.Attheairport.7.WhenwilltheplanegettoParispossibly?A.10:00. B.11:40. C.10:40.【答案】6.C7.C【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,isthisthegateforFMflight810?M:Yes,departingforParis.W:Good.Willtheplanetakeoffrightaway?M:Itleavesatsixforty,sothereisstillfortyminutestogo.W:WillitarriveinParisontime?M:Ihopeso.Theflighttakesaboutfourhours.W:IstheairportfarawayfromdowntownParis?M:Yes,onehour’sdrive,atleast.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Painttheroomherself.B.MovetotheMissionInnHotel.C.Askhersontostayinanotherhotel.9.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Houseownerandrenter.B.Motherandson.C.Receptionistandcustomer.【答案】8A9.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,listen,Ineedtherent.Ican’twaitanymore.W:Yeah,I’msorryIhaven’tgivenittoyouyet.M:Whydon’tyougotwoblocksovertothemissioninnhotel?It’shalfwhatyoupayhere.Listen,Ineedyoutobeoutofhereinthemorning.W:AmIsupposedtobeoutofheretomorrow?M:I’vegotpainterscomingin.W:Allright.Look,Ineedmoretime.M:No.W:I’llpaintitmyself.Allright.ButIjust,Ihavegottohavesomemoretime.Mysonliveshere.M:Allright,oneweekandyoupainttheroom.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thejewelry. B.Arobbery. C.Afact.11.Whichofthefollowingismarked?A.Thecomputer. B.Thejewelry. C.Thefridge.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’shusband?A.Hehasfoundsometraces.B.HeisonthewaybackfromCanada.C.Hehasnoideawhathashappened.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【解析】【原文】M:Goodafternoon,madam,youjustcalledus,didn’tyou?ThisisofficerBelfordW:Yes,Idid.M:Pleasetellmealittlemoreinformationaboutit.Justthefacts.Whattimedidithappen?W:IdaresayitmustbesometimebetweentwelveandonethirtybecauseIlefthomeattwelveandjustgotbackatonethirty.M:Whatdidtheyget?W:Well,IknownowI’mmissingsomejewelry,moneyandthecomputer.M:Okay,well,youaremakingalist.Bytheway,didyouhaveyourbelongingsmarked?W:Marked?Notthejewelry,butmyhusbandputhisnameonthecomputer.M:Bythewaywhere’syourhusband?W:Heisn’tin,he’sonatriptoCanada.Ihaven’tcontactedhimabouttherobberyyet.M:Isee.Wheredidyouputyourjewelry?W:Iputitinthefridge,butallmygoodjewelryisinthesafedepositboxinthebank.M:Okay,I’llbeintouchwithyouassoonaswefindanytrace.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Neighbors. C.Friends.14.Whendidthemanbegintowork?A.In2008. B.In2014. C.In2016.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisbusy.B.Shelivedherefor10years.C.Shemovedhereduetoherjob.16.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?A.Sheisbusy. B.Sheisdishonest. C.Sheappearsyounger.【答案】13.B14.A15.C16.C【解析】【原文】W:HiDavid,longtimenosee.Whathaveyoubeendoingrecently?M:Hi,Jenny,gladtoseeyouagain.I’vebeenawayonbusiness.Ifeelgoodtobehome.Whathaveyoubeenuptolately?W:Oh,Iamfreethesedays.I’vebeencaringfortheplantsinthegardenthesedays.M:Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?W:We’velivedhereforovereightyears.WemovedheresinceIgotanewjobasasalesmanager.Andhowlonghaveyoulivedhere?M:We’veonlylivedherefortwoyears.W:Unbelievable.Itappearedthatyouhavelivedhereformorethantenyears.M:No,wemovedherein2016.ItseemsthatIgraduatedfromcollegeyesterday.Infact,I’vebeenworkingfortenyears.W:I’vebeenworkingformorethanthirtyyears.ItisnextmonththatI’mgoingtoretire.M:Whatasurprise.Youlookatleasttenyearsyounger.W:Thankyou.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whichseasoniscalled“theholidayseason”?A.Spring. B.Winter. C.Summer.18.WhenisChristmasontheEasternChristiancalendar?A.January7. B.January1. C.December25.19.HowdopeoplecelebrateChristmas?A.Byeatingatfastfoodrestaurants.B.Byunitingwiththeirfamilies.C.Bysingingsongsathome.20.WheredopeopleplaceChristmastrees?A.OntheStreet. B.Inthechurch. C.Onpublicsquares【答案】17.B18.A19.B20.C【解析】【原文】W:Holidaysarespecialdaysforthepeopleofonenationorculture.Onthesedays,everyday,activitiessuchasworkorschoolarenormallystopped.Everycountryhasseveralimportantholidayswhichcanbenational,religiousorsimplycultural.Forexample,peopleusuallycelebratethestartofspringonJanuaryfirst.Manyholidaysarecelebratedinthewinter,whichiswhythisperiodisalsoknownastheholidayseason.ChristmasisthebiggestannualholidayfortheChristianworldcelebratingthebirthofJesusChrist.InmostoftheworlditiscelebratedonDecember25.However,manytraditionaleasternchurchesuseadifferentcalendar,soforthisreasontheycelebrateChristmasonJanuaryseveninadditiontoitsreligiousimportance,Christmashasalsobeenadoptedasaculturalholidaybymanynon-Christians.EachcountryhasuniqueChristmastraditions,butnearlyallofthemincludealargefamilygathering,decoratingthehouse,exchanginggiftsandhavingalongfeast.InsomeEuropeancountries,peoplegocarolingthatissingingspecialChristmassongsonthestreetorinthechurch.IthasalsobecomepopulartohaveaChristmastreebothinsidethehouseandoncitysquares.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABestBooksforCollegeAdmissionsCollegeadmissionsareusuallyacomplexprocess,withweightedGPAs,APscores,volunteerrequirements,andextracurricularactivities.These4booksarethebestguideswecanoffertohelpyouthinkthroughthiscomplexandexpensiveprocesswithyourteens.WhoGetsInandWhybyJeffSelingoBestsellingauthorandeducationjournalist,JeffSelingo,spentmonthsinthecollegeadmissionsdepartmentsofthreedifferentuniversities.Hegainedatrueinsider’sviewofwhatreallygoesonwhendecisionsaremadeaboutwhichstudentstoadmit,andwhichonestodeny.Thisinsightfulbookoffersfamiliesguidanceonhelpingtheirteensdiscoverthefitcollegeoneverylevel,includingfinancialmust-reads!CollegeEssayEssentialsbyEthanSawyerThecollegeapplicationessayisthemostdifficultpartoftheapplicationprocessformanystudents.EthanSawyerisheretohelpwithhiscomprehensiveguidetowritingthecollegeessay.Filledwithtips,exercisesandessaysfromstudentswhogainedadmissiontotheirtopchoiceschools,thisbookwilltakethestingoutoftheessay-writingprocessforyourteenandyou!TheTruthaboutCollegeAdmissionbyRickClarkandBrennanBarnardRickClarkhaswrittenthisexcellentguide,offeringfamiliesachancetolearnhowadmissionsofficersthinkaboutthecollegeapplicationprocess.Writtenwithco-authorBrennanBarnard,DirectorofCollegeCounselingatTheDerryfieldSchool,thisistheadmissionsguidebookforfamiliesthatwilltakethemthroughtheentirecollegeadmissionsprocess.TheCollegeConversationbyEricJ.FurdaandJacquesSteinbergEricJ.Furda,DeanofAdmissionsattheUniversityofPennsylvania,andbestsellingauthorJacquesSteinberg,provideguidanceforparentsaboutthecrucialconversationstheyneedtohavewiththeircollege-boundteens.21.WhatdoWhoGetsInandWhyandTheTruthaboutCollegeAdmissionhaveincommon?A.Theyarebothbestsellersoftheyear. B.Theyareboththeresultoftwoauthors.C.Theycenterontheadmissionsmatter. D.Theyshareadmissionsofficers’opinions.22.Whichbookmightyouturntowhenyouhavedifficultywiththeapplicationletter?A.WhoGetsInandWhy. B.CollegeEssayEssentials.C.TheTruthaboutCollegeAdmission. D.TheCollegeConversation.23.Whoisthetextmostlyintendedfor?A.Highschoolstudents. B.Educationalexperts.C.Collegeadmissionsofficers. D.Parentsofpre-collegestudents.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是四本关于大学录取的书籍的相关信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据WhoGetsInandWhybyJeffSelingo部分“Hegainedatrueinsider’sviewofwhatreallygoesonwhendecisionsaremadeaboutwhichstudentstoadmit,andwhichonestodeny.(在决定录取哪些学生、拒绝哪些学生时，他获得了一个真正的局内人的视角。)”和TheTruthaboutCollegeAdmissionbyRickClarkandBrennanBarnard部分的“RickClarkhaswrittenthisexcellentguide,offeringfamiliesachancetolearnhowadmissionsofficersthinkaboutthecollegeapplicationprocess.(RickClark撰写了这本优秀的指南，为家庭提供了一个了解招生官员如何看待大学申请过程的机会。)”可知，WhoGetsInandWhy和TheTruthaboutCollegeAdmission这两本书的共同之处在于它们集中在招生问题上。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据CollegeEssayEssentialsbyEthanSawyer部分“Thecollegeapplicationessayisthemostdifficultpartoftheapplicationprocessformanystudents.EthanSawyerisheretohelpwithhiscomprehensiveguidetowritingthecollegeessay.(对许多学生来说，大学申请论文是申请过程中最困难的部分。EthanSawyer在这里为你提供写大学论文的综合指南。)”可知，当你写申请信有困难时，你会求助于CollegeEssayEssentials这本书。故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据首段中的“These4booksarethebestguideswecanoffertohelpyouthinkthroughthiscomplexandexpensiveprocesswithyourteens.(这4本书是我们能提供的最佳指南，可以帮助你和你的孩子一起思考这个复杂且昂贵的过程。)”可知，本文介绍的是四本书是帮助家长和孩子了解这一复杂的招生录取过程的，由此可知，本文是写给即将进入大学的孩子的家长的。故选D项。BAmonthago,whenwewerebrainstormingideasformycolumn,myeditorapproachedmewithachallenge:spend$10atthelocalsecond-handstoreGoodwillandturnmyfindsintonewtreasures.Ihesitated.Iwasdoubtfulaboutmyabilitytoturntrash(废物)intotreasure.ButtheNewYearseemedlikeagoodtimetopushthelimitsofmycreativity,soImadeupmymindtogiveitashot.Itookmy$10andwenttotheGoodwill.Ispentoveranhourdiggingthroughshelves,lookingforsomethingIcouldsafelyupcycle.Iwasnotespeciallyhandy,soIdidn’twanttouseanythingwithbreakablebits.Ialsodidn’twanttodamageanoldhardcoverbookforthepurposeofdecoration.Therefore,ItookastepbackanddecidedtochooseaprojectbeforeIpickedmyitems.IthoughtbacktoanarticleIoncewroteoncontainergardeninganddecidedthatIcouldmakeaprettyplanteroutofalmostanything.Withmynewgoalinmind,IchoseabasketandabagofstonesIcouldusefordrainage(排水)forplants.Itfeltcheaptojustfillthecontainerswithsoil,butmylimitedskillsleftmewithfewtoolsathome.Plus,Ineededplants.SoIpickeduppaintandplantsfromthemarket.ThenIsprayed(喷)thebasket.Ineverseemedtobeabletoaddenoughcolortothebasket.Ifigureditmightlookbetterwhenitdried.Nextmorning,althoughIfollowedanumberofonlinerecommendations,Ifoundmyworkspacewasamessafterwateringmypreciousplantsintheirnewhome.Theprocessofturningtrashintotreasurewasstressful,butthefinishedproductshavefoundaplaceinmyhome.Unconsciously,Ihavefalleninlovewithitandhopefully,Iwillgainsomeoftheskillsthatwilltakemygametothenextlevelnextyear.24.Whydidtheauthorregardtheeditor’ssuggestionasachallenge?A.Forlackofenoughtime. B.Forbeingshortofcreativeideas.C.Forthecomplexityofthetask. D.Forbeinginexperiencedinrecycling.25.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’scharacteraccordingtoparagraph2?A.Conservative. B.Flexible. C.Sensitive. D.Modest.26.Whatinspiredtheauthortogrowplants?A.Aplantingproject. B.Anarticleaboutgardening.C.Theeditor’swords. D.TheitemsfoundintheGoodwill.27.Whatdoestheauthor’supcyclingleadtofinally?A.Amessyworkspace. B.Anewcareerpath.C.Valuedpartsofhome. D.Betterpaintingskills.【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个月前，编辑挑战作者在二手店用10美元买的东西变成新宝藏。作者犹豫但决定尝试。最终选了篮子和石头做排水盆栽。过程虽难，但成品很好，作者爱上了这个过程，并希望明年能提高技能。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Amonthago,whenwewerebrainstormingideasformycolumn,myeditorapproachedmewithachallenge:spend$10atthelocalsecond-handstoreGoodwillandturnmyfindsintonewtreasures.Ihesitated.Iwasdoubtfulaboutmyabilitytoturntrash(废物)intotreasure.(一个月前，当我们在为我的专栏集思广益时，我的编辑给我提出了一个挑战：在当地二手店Goodwill花10美元，并将我找到的东西变成新的宝藏。我犹豫了。我怀疑自己是否有能力将废物变成宝藏。)”可知，作者认为自己没有将垃圾变成宝藏的能力，因此将编辑的建议视为挑战。这表明作者在回收方面缺乏经验，因此认为这是一项挑战。故选D。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Iwasnotespeciallyhandy,soIdidn’twanttouseanythingwithbreakablebits.Ialsodidn’twanttodamageanoldhardcoverbookforthepurposeofdecoration.(我不太灵巧，所以我不想使用任何易碎的东西。我也不想为了装饰而损坏旧精装书。)”可知，作者描述了自己不是特别灵巧，不想使用易碎的东西，也不想为了装饰而损坏旧精装书，这表明作者很保守。因此，最能描述作者性格的词语是“conservative”（保守的）。故选A。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“IthoughtbacktoanarticleIoncewroteoncontainergardeninganddecidedthatIcouldmakeaprettyplanteroutofalmostanything.(我回想起自己曾经写过的一篇关于容器园艺的文章，并决定我几乎可以用任何东西制作一个漂亮的盆栽。)”可知，一篇关于园艺的文章激发了作者种植植物的灵感。故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Theprocessofturningtrashintotreasurewasstressful,butthefinishedproductshavefoundaplaceinmyhome.(将废物变成宝藏的过程很有压力，但成品已经在我家找到了一席之地。)”可知，最终完成的作品已经找到了在我的家中的位置，成为了家中不可或缺的一部分。因此，作者的再利用最终导致了家中宝贵的部分。故选C。CAresearchteamledbyProf.GanJianping,fromTheHongKongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyinChina,carriedoutfieldobservationsandconductednumericalsimulations(数值模拟)intheSouthChinaSea(SCS)recentlyanddisclosednever-before-seencharacteristicsoftheoceanmovementintheSCS.ThecomplexoceancirculationsystemcontrolstheenergychangeandwatermasstransportintheSCS,andaffectsthebiogeochemicalprocesses,thecarbonbudget,oceanecosystems,regionalclimatechange,andthesustainableeconomicandsocialdevelopmentinsurroundingcountriesandregions,whichaccountforabout22%oftheworld’spopulation.StudiesontheSCScirculationanddynamicsareregardedasthefoundationofunderstandingtheSCS.Inthepastfewdecades,therehasbeengrowingglobalattentiontooceancirculationresearchontheSCS.However,scientificunderstandingofthethree-dimensionalwatermovementinthisregionisstillverylimitedandsometimesevenwrong.Thisiscausedbythelackofactsofcarefulwatching,noreliablenumericalmodel,andlimitedknowledgeofthecomplexphysicalprocessesintheSCScirculation.Untilrecently,aresearchteamledbyProf.GanconfirmedthattheSCScirculationhasathree-layer(层)structure,whereseawatercirclesanticlockwise,clockwiseandclockwiseintheupper,middleandbottomlayers,respectively.Thestudyalsofoundthatthethree-layercirculationiscomposedofthedynamicallyactive“hotspots”alongthecontinentalslope(斜坡)surroundingthedeepbasin,insteadofanorderlystructureintheentireregionaspreviouslythought.Prof.Gansays,“Becauseoffailuretodiscoverthedynamic‘hotspot’inthesea,almostallglobalmodelscannotaccuratelysimulatethethree-layercirculationstructureandrelatedphysicsintheSCS.Therefore,comparedwithresearchontheopenocean,ourunderstandingandsimulationoftheSCScirculation,forcedbymultiplefactorsandmanydynamicprocesses,requiresgreatereffortanddeterminationthanexpected.”28.WhichaspectofthestudyontheSCScirculationisstressedinparagraph2?A.Thefocus. B.Thegoal. C.Thesignificance. D.Thebackground.29.WhatmadeitdifficulttounderstandtheSCSwatermovement?A.Fewdetailedobservationsofit. B.Littleglobalattentiontoit.C.Ashortageofnumericalmodels. D.Ignoranceofthephysicalprocesses.30.WhatdidthestudyfindabouttheSCScirculation?A.Itcovershotspotsoftheentireregion. B.Itsthree-layerstructureisingoodorder.C.ItisformedinthedeepbasinoftheSCS. D.Itslowerlayerscirculateinthesamedirection.31.HowdoesProf.Ganfindtheirwork?A.Itisabitconventional. B.Itisratherchallenging.C.Itispartlyunsuccessful. D.Itisphysicallydemanding.【答案】28.C29.A30.D31.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了由中国香港科技大学甘建平教授领导的研究团队在南海进行了观测和数值模拟，揭示了该区域海洋运动的新特征。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“ThecomplexoceancirculationsystemcontrolstheenergychangeandwatermasstransportintheSCS,andaffectsthebiogeochemicalprocesses,thecarbonbudget,oceanecosystems,regionalclimatechange,andthesustainableeconomicandsocialdevelopmentinsurroundingcountriesandregions,whichaccountforabout22%oftheworld’spopulation.StudiesontheSCScirculationanddynamicsareregardedasthefoundationofunderstandingtheSCS.(复杂的海洋环流系统控制着南海的能量变化和水体运输，并影响着生物地球化学过程、碳预算、海洋生态系统、区域气候变化以及周边国家和地区的可持续经济和社会发展，这些国家和地区的人口约占世界总人口的22%。对南海环流及其动力学的研究被认为是理解南海的基础。)”可知，第二段主要描述了南海环流系统的重要性和复杂性，包括它如何控制能量变化、水体运输，以及影响生物地球化学过程、碳预算、海洋生态系统、区域气候变化和周边国家和地区的可持续经济和社会发展。这些都是南海环流研究的意义所在。故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“However,scientificunderstandingofthethree-dimensionalwatermovementinthisregionisstillverylimitedandsometimesevenwrong.Thisiscausedbythelackofactsofcarefulwatching,noreliablenumericalmodel,andlimitedknowledgeofthecomplexphysicalprocessesintheSCScirculation.(然而，对这一地区三维水流运动的科学理解仍然非常有限，有时甚至是错误的。这是由于缺乏仔细的观测行为、没有可靠的数值模型以及对南海环流中复杂物理过程的认识有限所导致的。)”可知，科学界对南海三维水流运动的了解仍然非常有限，有时甚至是错误的。这是由于缺乏详细的观测、没有可靠的数值模型以及对南海环流复杂物理过程的知识有限所致。因此，缺乏详细的观测是理解南海水流运动困难的主要原因。故选A。30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Untilrecently,aresearchteamledbyProf.GanconfirmedthattheSCScirculationhasathree-layer(层)structure,whereseawatercirclesanticlockwise,clockwiseandclockwiseintheupper,middleandbottomlayers,respectively.(直到最近，由甘教授领导的研究团队证实，南海环流具有三层结构，其中上层、中层和底层海水分别逆时针、顺时针和顺时针旋转。)”可知，研究团队发现南海环流具有三层结构，其中上层、中层和底层海水分别逆时针、顺时针和顺时针旋转。因此，可以推断出南海环流的底层海水是向同一方向旋转的。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Prof.Gansays,“Becauseoffailuretodiscoverthedynamic‘hotspot’inthesea,almostallglobalmodelscannotaccuratelysimulatethethree-layercirculationstructureandrelatedphysicsintheSCS.Therefore,comparedwithresearchontheopenocean,ourunderstandingandsimulationoftheSCScirculation,forcedbymultiplefactorsandmanydynamicprocesses,requiresgreatereffortanddeterminationthanexpected.”(甘教授说：“由于未能发现海洋中的动态‘热点’，几乎所有的全球模型都无法准确模拟南海的三层环流结构及相关物理现象。因此，与开放海洋的研究相比，我们对南海环流的理解和模拟，由于多种因素和许多动态过程的共同作用，需要比预期更大的努力和决心。”)”可知，甘教授认为他们的工作具有挑战性。故选B。DSomeantshavefiguredouthowtoavoidgettinglost:buildtalleranthills,accordingtoarecentstudy.Desertantslivinginthehot,flatsaltpansofTunisiaspendtheirdayslookingforfoodandreachasfaras1.1kilometersfromtheirnests.Tofindtheirwayhome,desertantsuseanavigationsystem,relyingonthesun’spositionandcountingtheirstepstotracktheirlocationrelativetotheirnest.Butthissystembecomesincreasinglyunreliableasthedistancefromthenestincreases.“Werealizedthat,whenevertheantsinsaltpanscameclosertotheirnest,theysuddenlypinpointedthenesthillfromseveralmetersdistance,”saysMarkusKnaden,aresearcheratMaxPlanckInstituteforChemicalEcology.“Thismadeusthinkthatthehillservesasanest-defininglandmark.”SoKnadenandcolleaguescapturedantsfromnestsinthemiddleofsaltpansandfromalongtheirshorelines.Onlysalt-pannestshaddistincthills,upto40centimeterstall,whereasthehillsonshorelinenestswerelowerorbarelynoticeable.Next,theteamremovedanyhillsandplacedthecapturedinsectssomedistanceawayfromtheirnests.Salt-panantsstruggledmorethanshoreantstofindhomes.Shoreantsreliedontheshorelineforguidanceandweren’taffectedbythehillremoval,theresearchersconcluded.Theteamfurtherconductedanotherstudytoseeifdesertantsweredeliberatelybuildingatallerhillwhentheirsurroundingslackedanyvisiblelandmarks.So,theresearchersremovedthehillsof16salt-pannestsandinstalled(安装)two50-centimeter-tallblocksneareightofthem.Theothereightnestswereleftwithoutanyartificialvisualaid.Afterthreedays,theresearchersfoundthatsevenantsfromtheunaidednestshadrebuilttheirhills.Butonlytwoantsfromthenestswithman-madeblocksnearbyhadbotheredtorebuild.“Itimpliesthatantsregularlyassessthecomplexityoftheirenvironmentandchangetheirdecisionsbasedontheirconclusion,”saysecologistJudithBronsteinoftheUniversityofArizona.32.Whataspectofantsistherecentstudymainlyabout?A.Challengesofsurvival. B.Landmarksofhabitats.C.Intelligenceofnavigation. D.Comparisonofvarieties.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pinpointed”inparagraph2mean?A.Explored. B.Recognized. C.Climbed. D.Crossed.34.Whydidresearcherssetshorelineantsintheexperiment?A.Toobservedifferentants’reactions. B.Toproveimpactsofvarioushabitats.C.Todisturbdesertants’navigationsystem. D.Totestanthills’functionsandsignificance.35.Whatconclusionaboutdesertantscanbedrawnfromthefollow-upstudy?A.Evaluateandmakechanges. B.Visualaidisamust.C.Cooperationbringsvictory. D.Noman-madeblocksareused.【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了沙漠蚂蚁的“智能化导航”。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Someantshavefiguredouthowtoavoidgettinglost:buildtalleranthills,accordingtoarecentstudy.(一些蚂蚁已经想出了如何避免迷路：根据最近的一项研究，就是建造更高的蚁丘)”以及第二、三段中的内容可知，研究发现沙漠蚂蚁利用太阳的位置和计算步数来确定自己相对于巢穴的位置，并且当它们离巢越远时，这种导航系统越不可靠。研究者进一步观察了沙漠盐田和海岸线地区的蚂蚁巢穴，发现只有沙漠盐田的巢穴上方有明显的小丘，而海岸线地区的巢穴则较低或几乎不可见。由此可知，这项研究主要关于蚂蚁导航的智能化。故选C。2.词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Thismadeusthinkthatthehillservesasanest-defininglandmark.(这让我们觉得这座山就像是一个定义巢穴的地标)”可知，研究者认为这个小丘是沙漠蚂蚁定位巢穴的地标,它们在接近巢穴时会一下子在几米远的距离外辨认出巢穴小丘。由此可知，划线词pinpointed的意思是“辨认”。故选B。3.推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，研究者对沙漠蚂蚁和海岸线蚂蚁进行了实验，目的是比较它们在失去小丘后找回巢穴的情况。因此，研究者在实验中设置海岸线蚂蚁是为了观察不同蚂蚁的反应和表现。故选A。4.细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Afterthreedays,theresearchersfoundthatsevenantsfromtheunaidednestshadrebuilttheirhills.Butonlytwoantsfromthenestswithman-madeblocksnearbyhadbotheredtorebuild.(三天后，研究人员发现，无人帮助的蚂蚁巢中有七只蚂蚁重建了它们的丘陵。但是只有两只来自附近有人造障碍的蚂蚁巢中的蚂蚁费心去重建)”以及最后一段中的“Itimpliesthatantsregularlyassessthecomplexityoftheirenvironmentandchangetheirdecisionsbasedontheirconclusion.(这意味着蚂蚁定期评估其环境的复杂性，并根据他们的结论改变他们的决定)”可知，研究者进行了一项后续研究，发现当人为移除沙漠蚂蚁的盐田巢穴的小丘时，一些蚂蚁重新建造了它们的小丘，而有一些蚂蚁利用人为搭建的地标建巢。由此可知，蚂蚁会定期评估周围环境的复杂性，并根据自己的结论改变决策。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inthedynamicworldoffitness,wheretreadmills(跑步机)humandweightsclink,anemergingconcernforsustainabilityisreshapingthegymexperience.____36____?Inthisguide,we’llnavigatethroughkeyaspectsofeco-consciousfitnesstohelpyoufigureoutifyourgymisonthesustainabletrack.●Energy-efficientequipmentAsustainablegymstartswiththetoolsthatpushyourworkout.Modernfitnessequipmentisevolvingbeyondthepursuitofpersonalrecords.____37____.Energy-efficientmachines,equippedwithregenerativebrakingsystemsandsmarttechnology,employthepowergeneratedduringworkoutstobalanceelectricityconsumption.Lookattheverytoolsthatpoweryourworkout.Arethemachinesequippedwithenergy-efficientfeatures?Dotheyemploytheenergygeneratedduringworkoutstocontributebacktothegym’spowerneeds?●____38____Theinfrastructure(基础设施)ofagymplaysacrucialroleinitssustainabilityjourney.Theuseofeco-friendlymaterials,energy-efficientlightingandstrategicdesignfornaturalaircirculationarekeyelementsofagreenfitnessspace.Exploretheinfrastructureofyourgym.Doestheoveralldesignfacilitatenaturalaircirculationandusesustainableconstructionpractices?●WastemanagementAsyouaresweatingitoutatthegym,whathappenstothewastegenerated?Sustainablefitnessspacesprioritisecomprehensivewastemanagementsystems.____39____.Directyourattentiontohowyourgymmanageswaste.Aretherevisiblerecyclingprogramsforplastics,paperandothercommongymmaterials?Doesthegymuseeco-friendlycleaningproducts,demonstratingacommitmenttominimisingitsenvironmentalimpact?●Renewableenergyintegration____40____,butsustainablefitnessfacilitiesfindinnovativewaystoemployrenewableenergy.Solarpanelsandotherrenewableenergysourcesareintegratedintothegym’sinfrastructuretooffsetpowerconsumption,reducingthefacility’scarbonfootprintandcontributingtoagreenerenergylandscape.Investigatewhetheryourgymistappingintorenewableenergysources.Aretheresolarpanelsorwindturbinesintegratedintotheinfrastructure?A.ThisinvolvesrecyclingprogramsforcommongymmaterialsB.GreenbuildingpracticesCAdaptablefitnessfacilitiesD.ButhowdoyouknowifyourgymistrulysustainableE.TheenergydemandsofabusygymcanbeconsiderableF.It’snowcontributingtothejointeffortsforagreenerplanetG.Aretheresignsthatyourworkoutincreasescarbonfootprint【答案】36.D37.F38.B39.A40.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了辨别一个健身房是否环保、可持续发展的方法。【36题详解】上文“Inthedynamicworldoffitness,wheretreadmills(跑步机)humandweightsclink,anemergingconcernforsustainabilityisreshapingthegymexperience.(在充满活力的健身世界里，跑步机嗡嗡作响，重物叮当作响，对可持续性的新关注正在重塑健身房体验)”说明人们在关注健身房是否是可持续发展的，以及下文“Inthisgui