Unit5LaunchingYourCareer简单句并列句和主从复合句讲义高中英语人教版选择性

简单句、并列句和主从复合句Unit5LaunchingYourCareer简单句、并列句和主从复合句在英语中,句子可以分为简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。简单句的五种基本句型:①SVP(主+系+表)②SV(主+谓)③SVO(主+谓+宾)④SVO0(主+谓+间宾+直宾)⑤SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)Mymotherisateacher.我的妈妈是一名教师。（主语系动词表语）Timeflies.时光飞逝。（主语谓语）Helikesreadingbooks.他喜欢读书。（主语及物动词宾语）Heaskedmeaquestion.他问了我一个问题。(主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语)Ifoundthebookinteresting.我发现这本书很有趣。(主语谓语宾语宾语补足语)简单句只有一个主谓结构。简单句可以有两个及两个以上的主语,也可以有两个及两个以上的谓语,但是句子中的主谓结构只能有一个。putersmeanalottohumanbeingsandarepaidmoreandmoreattentiontobypeople.计算机对人类意义重大,并越来越受到人们的关注。(两个谓语,一个主语)并列句由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子称作并列句。这些独立分句处于平等的、互不依从的并列地位,常用并列连词或分号连接。(1)表示并列关系的连词常见的表示并列关系的连词有:and，both...and...,notonly...but(also)...,neither...nor...等。 TheyarewatchingTVandtheothersarereading.他们在看电视,而其他人在读书。(2)表示转折关系的并列连词常见的表示转折关系的并列连词有:but,yet，whereas等Theyrushedtothehospital,buttheyweretoolate.他们急忙赶往医院,但是已经太迟了。Thecarisold,butitisingoodcondition.这辆车旧了,但车况很好。(3)表示选择关系的并列连词常见的表示选择关系的并列连词有:or,either...or...,not...but...等。 Wearyourcoatortaketheumbrella.把大衣穿上或者把伞带上。Eitherhecouldnoteorhedidnotwantto.他要么是不能来,要么就是不想来。(4)表示因果关系的并列连词常见的表示因果关系的并列连词有:for,so等。Heshookhishead,forhethoughtdifferently.他摇摇头,因为他想得不一样。 Thedoorwaslocked,sowecouldn'tgetin.门上锁了,所以我们进不去。含并列连词的特殊句式:①祈使句(+，)+and/or+陈述句;②名词短语(+,)+and/or+陈述句。ehereontimetomorrowmorning,oryouwillmissagoodchance.明早要按时来这里,否则你会失去一个好机会。Anotherfiveminutes(,)andI'llfinishtheposition.再给我五分钟我就能完成这篇作文了。①so不能与because连用。②but不能与although/though连用,但yet，still(副词)可与although/though连用。主从复合句主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或者一个以上的从句构成的句子。复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的主谓结构。主句是复合句的主体,从句须由一个关联词(如that/what/why/how/if等)引导,修饰说明主句或主句中的某个词或短语,不能独立存在。从句可以分为三大类:定语从句、名词性从句(包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句)、状语从句(包括时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、方式、结果、目的、比较状语从句)。Thisistheroominwhichhelivedfiveyearsago.这就是他五年前居住的房间。 (定语从句)Thathewilletothediscussioniscertain.他肯定会来参加讨论的。(主语从 句)WhatIhavetoldyouisimportant.我告诉你的事很重要。(主语从句)Iwanttoknowwhetheryoustillworkinthefactory.我想知道你是否还在这家 工厂工作。(宾语从句)Thequestioniswhetherwecanfinishtheworkbytomorrow.问题是我们是否能 在明天之前完成这项工作。(表语从句)Thenewsthathewonthegamewasincorrect.他赢得比赛的消息是不真实的。 (同位语从句)Whenhereturns,I'lltellhimthenews.当他回来时,我会告诉他这个消息。(时间 状语从句)Bamboogrowsbestwhereclimateisveryhot.竹子在气候炎热的地方长势最 好。(地点状语从句)Aslongaswedon'tloseheart,we'llfindawaytodealwiththeproblem.只要我 们不灰心,我们就能找到解决这个问题的办法。(条件状语从句)We'lltrytofinishtheworkthoughweareshortofmoney.尽管我们资金短缺,我 们照样会努力完成工作。(让步状语从句)IhadtakenanearlybussothatIgotthereintime.我乘了早班公共汽车,所以才 及时到了那里。(结果状语从句)拓展知识：其后常接同位语从句的名词有:fact，fear,hope,wish,order，belief,idea，news,suggestion,advice,desire,thought,problem，possibility等。闯关训练一、指出下列句子的句式结构。1.Youhaveturnedtwentyalready._____________________________________________________________________2.Onhearingthenewsoftheaccidentinthecoalmine,shewentpale._____________________________________________________________________3.Iwaswonderingifwecouldgoskiingattheweekend._____________________________________________________________________4.Shesenthermotheranicenewcar._____________________________________________________________________5.Iwantthelettertobereadytomorrow._____________________________________________________________________二、判断下列复合句中含有什么从句,并用“()”标出从句。1.Iwonderedifitwouldgrowanylarger._____________________________________________________________________2.Wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,ortofightthegovernment._____________________________________________________________________3.Onlyathleteswhohavereachedtheagreedstandardfortheireventwillbeadmitted._____________________________________________________________________4.Wordcamethathelosthislifeinthewartosaveanothersoldier._____________________________________________________________________Truefriendsarewhoshareyourhappinessaswellassadness._____________________________________________________________________6.Afterthat,whathappenedtotheAmberRoomremainsamystery._____________________________________________________________________7.Thejudgedoesn'tconsiderwhateacheyewitnesslookslike._____________________________________________________________________8.Nativespeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon'tspeakthesamekindofEnglish._____________________________________________________________________三、在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1.Hewasverytiredofdoingthisforawholeday,_________hefeltveryhappybecausethecropsgrewhigher.2._________sheisverybusy,shestilldevotesalotoftimetoherchildren.3.Hegotupearlythatmorning_________hecouldattendthemeetingontime.4.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_________was someoneelse'sfault.5.Theboylookedattheteacherforafewsecondsandalltheotherstudentswondered _________theboywoulddo.6.Myfriendswalkedmetothebusstopandwaitedwith me _______thebusarrived.7.Readthisstory,_________youwillrealisethatnoteverythingcanbeboughtwithmoney.8.Thehospitalwasbuilt_________therehadbeenasquare.9.Itwasthefirsttime_________Ihadetoliveandstudyinapletelystrangecity.10._________IwanttotellyouisthedeeploveandrespectIhaveformyparents.答案：闯关训练Youhaveturnedtwentyalready.主语 系动词 表语2.Onhearingthenewsoftheaccidentinthecoalmine,shewentpale.主语系动词表语3.Iwaswonderingifwecouldgoskiingattheweekend.主语 谓语 宾语 4.Shesenthermotheranicenewcar.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语5.Iwantthelettertoberead