串讲05限制性定语从句及必刷题（原卷版）

串讲05限制性定语从句及必刷题序号内容Partone关系代词+限制性定语从句串讲Parttwo关系副词+限制性定语从句串讲Partthree基础必刷100题Partfour综合必刷30题Partone关系代词+限制性定语从句串讲关系代词基本概念在复合句中作定语的句子叫作定语从句，引导定语从句的关系词有两类：关系代词(who，whom，that，which，whose等)和关系副词(when，where，why)。定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词、代词或整个主句之后，被修饰或限制的名词或代词叫作先行词。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。关系代词的用法先行词关系代词在从句中所作成分人who主语、宾语、表语whom宾语that主语、宾语、表语whose定语物that主语、宾语、表语which主语、宾语whose定语（一）关系代词的基本用法1．that可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语。指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。不能引导非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语。Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarmthat/whichwevisitedthreemonthsago?2．which指物；在定语从句中作主语、宾语。Thebookwhich/thatwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.(主语)在桌子上的那本书是我父亲买的。3．who，whom，whose(1)who主格，在从句中作主语，只可指人。Doyouknowthemanwho/thatistalkingwithyourmother?Thosewhowanttoseethefilmsetdownyournames,please.Thisisthepersonwho/whom/thatyoushouldthankforhelpingyourson.(2)whom宾格，在从句中只能作宾语；只可指人。Look,herearesomepeoplewho/whom/thatIwantyoutomeet.(3)whose表所属关系，在从句中作定语。译为某人的，某物的。Iprefertheroomwhosewindowsfacesouth.我喜欢那间窗户朝南的房间。Anystudentwhosefamilyistoopoortogotoschoolcangethelpfromthegovernment.[温馨提示]whose指物时，常用下列结构来代替：Hevolunteeredtojoinintheactivitywhoseaimistohelpthosewhoareintrouble.＝Hevolunteeredtojoinintheactivity，theaimofwhichistohelpthosewhoareintrouble.＝Hevolunteeredtojoinintheactivity，ofwhichtheaimistohelpthosewhoareintrouble.他自愿参加那项活动，活动的目标是帮助那些陷入困境的人。(二)关系代词的辨析1）只能用that，不能用which的情况1．先行词是all，something，everything，anything，nothing，little，much，few等不定代词或先行词被all，any，every，no，little，much，some等词修饰。Allthepeoplethatefromthecountryworkmuchharder.所有来自农村的人工作都更努力得多。2．先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、theonly，thevery，thelast等修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。ThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasCities.我读的第一本英文小说是《城市》。ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen.这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。Thisistheonlythingthatwecandonow.这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。3．先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用that，不用which。Thescientistandhisachievementsthatyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。TheforeignvisitorsspokehighlyofthepioneersandtheirperformancesthattheysawattheChildren'sPalace.外国游客高度赞扬了他们在少年宫所看到的少先队员以及他们的表演。4．句中其他位置已出现which，为避免重复，不用which而用that引导限定性定语从句。Whichisthecarthathasovertakenus?超过我们的是哪辆车？①这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。ThisisthemostbeautifulparkthatIhavevisited.②我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。Weoftentalkaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremember.③我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。IhavefoundtheverypenthatIlostyesterday.2)只用which，不能用that的情况1．在介词提前到关系代词之前形成“介词＋关系代词”结构来修饰表事物的先行词时，关系代词必须用which。IsthisthehouseinwhichShakespearewasborn?这是莎士比亚出生的房子吗？Thisisthereferencebookofwhichtheteacherisspeaking.这是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。2．先行词为“those＋表事物的复数名词”时，关系代词通常只用which而不用that。Studentsshouldkeepinmindthoseregulationswhichrestricttheirbehavior.学生应牢记那些规范自己的行为准则。Abookshopshoulddealwithavarietyofthosebestsellerswhicharenewlypublished.书店应该经营新出版的各种畅销书。3．当先行词指物，关系词在句中作主语或宾语，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词只能用which，而不用that。①ThehouseinwhichIusedtolivehasbeeashoeshop.②Haveyoueverreadthebook,whichwaswrittenbyayounggirl?3)只用who/whom，不能用that的情况先行词指人，关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，只能用whom引导，且不可省略。Thisisthevoluntaryteacherfromwhomwe’velearnedalot.这就是我们从他那里学到了很多知识的支教老师。三、使用定语从句的注意事项1．关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的人称和数保持一致。Thosewhoareover45yearsoldwon’tbepermittedtogointothehall.超过45岁的人不允许进入大厅。[温馨提示]“oneof＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用复数形式；“theonlyoneof＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用单数形式。ThisisoneofthebookswhichwerewrittenbyCharlesDickens.这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书的其中一本。Heistheonlyoneoftheboysinourclasswhohaslearnedtoplaygolf.他是我们班里唯一一个学过打高尔夫球的男孩。2．为避免关系词的重复，被关系代词所代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。Thisistheapartmentwhichheboughtlastyear.(bought后不可加it)这就是他去年买的那所公寓。Parttwo关系副词+限制性定语从句串讲关系副词在引导定语从句时,其功能相当于介词短语,在从句中作状语。引导定语从句的关系副词有when、where、why。关系副词先行词功能when表时间的名词时间状语where表地点的名词地点状语why表原因的名词原因状语1．when引导的定语从句(1)当先行词是表示时间的名词(如time，day，year，month，week等)且在从句中作时间状语时，定语从句要用when引导。IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirstbecameacollegestudent.我仍然记得我初为大学生的那段时光。(2)when可以转化成“介词＋which”的形式。Ihaveforgottentheexactdatewhen(＝onwhich)thiscountrybecameindependent.我忘记这个国家独立的确切日期了。(3)当先行词表示时间，且关系词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，不能用when，而要用关系代词that或which引导定语从句(作宾语时关系词可省略)。I'llrememberthedays(which/that)Ispentwithyou.我会记得和你度过的那些日子。2．where引导的定语从句(1)当先行词是表示地点的名词(如place，room，mountain等)且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句要用where引导。Thisisthehotelwhere(＝inwhich)theyarestaying.这就是他们住的旅馆。(2)where可以转化成“介词＋which”的形式。Thisisthehotelwhere(＝inwhich)theyarestaying.这就是他们住的旅馆。(3)当先行词是表示地点的名词，且关系词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，用关系代词that或which引导定语从句(作宾语时关系词可省略)。Hisfatherworksinafactorywhich/thatmakesradioparts.他的父亲在一家生产收音机零件的工厂工作。(4)如果先行词为表示抽象地点的名词(如case，state，condition，position，point，situation等)，且定语从句中成分完整时，用关系副词where引导。Wehavereachedapointwhereachangeisneeded.我们到了必须改一改的地步。Hegetsintoasituationwhereitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong.他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。ItputsmeinapositionwhereIcan'taffordtotakethejob.这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。3．why引导的定语从句(1)当先行词是表示原因的名词reason，且关系词在从句中作原因状语时，定语从句要用why引导。(2)可以用forwhich来代替why。Thisisthereasonwhy(＝forwhich)heleavessosoon.这就是他匆匆离去的原因。[名师点津](1)有时为了表达得更清楚，可以在关系副词where/when前加上介词to，from等。(2)对一些特殊的先行词如time，day，house，place，reason等要注意具体情况具体分析，作主语、宾语和表语可用that/which引导定语从句，作状语可用when/where/why等或“介词＋which”引导定语从句。Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites，fromwherekitesspreadtoJapan，Korea，ThailandandIndia.中国是风筝的故乡，风筝从这里传到了日本、韩国、泰国和印度。I'llneverforgetthedayswhenweworkedtogether.我永远不会忘记我们在一起工作的日子。(作状语)I'llneverforgetthedays(which/that)wespenttogetherlastsummer.我永远不会忘记我们去年夏天一起度过的日子。(作宾语)Partthree基础必刷100题UNit5阅读理解学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、语法填空1．Ourteacherssparenoefforttocreateanatmosphereenablesustostudyattentivelyandharmoniously.(用适当的词填空)2．Forsomeofus,theSpringFestivalistheonlyoccasionwehavethetimetobewithourparents.（用适当的词填空）3．Asthewhirlpoolbecamelesswild,thewavessooncarriedmetoanareatheotherfishermenstayed.(用适当的词填空)4．Thereasonthistaskwasdifficultwasthattheteamhadlimitedresources.(用适当的词填空)5．Thebuildingwearelookingatusedtobeahospital.(用适当的词填空)6．Wolvesarehighlysocialanimalssuccessdependsuponcooperation.(用适当的词填空)7．ThemanwithIshookhandsjustnowismydaughter’sEnglishteacher.(用适当的词填空)8．Theteacherwithyoutalkedyesterdayisourmathsteacher.(用适当的词填空)9．ThereasonIamfascinatedbythispaintingisthatitshowsamysteriousscene.(用适当的词填空)10．I’msurethereareallkindsofhistoricsitesculturalrelicsneedtobeprotected.(用适当的词填空)11．Thisisthereasonhegavemeforhisbeinglate.(用适当的词填空)12．Weaimtocreateaworkingatmosphereallemployeesworktogethertocreatewinwinsituations.(用适当的词填空)13．Thenaughtyboymadeaholeinthewallthroughhecouldseewhatishappeningoutside.(用适当的词填空)14．Hemetawomanwithhehadverylittleinmon.(用适当的词填空)15．IwillneverforgetthedaysIspenttravellingwithmygrandparents.(用适当的词填空)16．TheboybrokethewindowiscalledTom.(用适当的的词填空)17．Isawanancientbuildingdatesbackthousandsofyears.(用适当的词填空)18．Thefirstthingshouldbedoneistodevelopaculturalrelicprotectionplan.(用适当的词填空)19．ShememorizedanancientpoemnameIdidn'tknow.(用适当的词填空)20．Asaresult,thepanymanagestomakebetterheartmonitorsandothermachinesdoctorsregularlyuse.(用适当的词填空)21．Thisistheveryspottheaccidenthappened.(用适当的词填空)22．Thewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourpanions.(用适当的词填空)23．Someoneiscapablehastheskillorqualitiesnecessarytodoaparticularthingwell.(用适当的词填空)24．Davidhasreachedastagehedoesnotwanttohidehiseagernesstochangetheplan.(用适当的词填空)25．Wehavereachedastagewehavetosolvetheproblembyusingscientificmethods.(用适当的词填空)26．Thisisastageispreparedfortheteenagerswhohavespecialtalents.(用适当的词填空)27．IadmiredMr.SmithfromclassIgraduated.(用适当的词填空)28．Therearemanyoccasionspeopledon’tknowwhattheywant.(用适当的词填空)29．Withthedevelopmentoftourism,securityisbeingakeypointtouristsareconcernedabout.(用适当的词填空)30．Therearesomecasesmanystudentsfindthemselveshardtogetusedtosomanychallenges.(用适当的词填空)31．Firstofall,thereisthegoldenruleoftheInternet:Ifyouseeorreadsomethingmakesyoufeelunfortable,leavethesiteimmediately.(用适当的词填空)32．Thereason________hegaveforhisabsenceis________hewasdrunk.33．Thisistheonlyoneofthebestnovelshasappearedthisyear.（用适当的词填空）34．Whiletherestoftheteamwerepushingeastwardsfromageneralareahadbeensearched,Bellhadafeelingthattheboywouldbefoundinawesterlydirection.(用适当的词填空)35．We’lldiscussacasebeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.（用适当的词填空）36．Thereesatimewemustbeelifelonglearners.(用适当的词填空)37．Therewasatimethetwocountrieswereatwarandtherewerenodiplomaticrelations.38．Thisisthereasonhegaveus.（用适当的词填空）39．Thewavescarriedmetoanareawasnearthefishermen.（用适当的词填空）40．ShestudiedChinesemedicinefortwoandahalfyearswithexpectsinthefieldfromshegainedadeepknowledge.（用适当的词填空）41．Theyareinapositiontheymaylosealargesumofmoney.(用适当的词填空)42．That’stheshopassistantservedmethelasttimeIcamehere.(用适当的词填空)43．Thisisthehousemygrandfatherbuilt.(用适当的词填空)44．AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentplacesartistsshowtheirskillsandteachthevisitors.(用适当的词填空)45．I’mcuriousaboutthepersonwithMr.Smithistalking.(用适当的词填空)46．MytwobrothersandIwereingbackfromtheislandsweoftenriskedgoingandgotmorefishthanothers.（用适当的词填空）47．Theschoolwasbuiltinthe19thcenturyhasalotofhistoricalsignificance.(用适当的词填空)48．Heissuchagoodboyeveryonelikes.49．Thelabintheyworkedhaspoorairquality.（用适当的词填空）50．Pleasepassmethebookcoverisgreen.51．Doyouknowthepeopleliveovertheroad?52．TheyweredrivingbythehousesAndyhaddescribed.53．Heopensadoorwhichourimaginationentersanewworld,aworldoflove,beautyandheroism.(用适当的词填空)54．Istillrememberthedaywemetforthefirsttime.（用适当的词填空）55．IwishtovisittheWestLakeHangzhouisfamous.（用适当的词填空）56．TheboytheteacheristalkingisTom.(用适当的词填空)57．Weliveinahousewindowsopentothesouth.（用适当的词填空）58．OntheNationalDayofoneyear,wewenttothelaketosetofffireworks.Mymother’shousewasfarawayfromthespotwewouldlightthefireworks.Sowethoughtthenoisemightnotscarethedogs.(用适当的词填空)59．Thelaboratorywhichtheyworkedhadpoorairquality.(所给词的适当形式填空)60．Tigersharksliketoliveinwatershumansusuallyswim,sothechancesofanencounteraremuchgreater.（用适当的词填空）61．Itisachallengingjobyouneedtocloselycooperatewiththeotherteammembers.（用适当的词填空）62．IstillrememberthedaysIspentinthecountryside.（用适当的词填空）63．October1,1949isthedaythePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.（用适当的词填空）64．TheInternetisatoolmostofususeeveryday.（用适当的词填空）65．Therearecasestheword“kid”isusedasaverb.（用适当的词填空）66．Shewasnotinthetrainarrivedjustnow.(用适当的词填空)67．Thisistheapartment

heboughtlastyear.(用适当的词填空)68．Thoseareover45yearsoldwon’tbepermittedtogointothehall.(用适当的词填空)69．Ishowedgreatconcernforthosepeoplelivesweregreatlyaffectedbytheflood.（用适当的词填空）70．AsKarlMarxsays,“Thosemakemostpeoplehappyarethehappiestpeopleintheworld.”（用适当的词填空）71．Ourhighschoolhascreatedaplatformindividualityisgreatlyrespected.(用适当的词填空)72．Everyimportantoccasionourclassmateshitthejackpotismarkedwithourapplause.(用适当的词填空)73．“Thankyouforlettingmeobserveyourclasses.Itwasanunusualexperience,”theemailbegan,gotmyheartracing.(用适当的词填空)74．Shewonderedwhetherhehadsomeonetohecouldtalkfreely.(用适当的词填空)75．Aftergraduation,HawkingfirstwenttoOxfordUniversityhestudiedphysics,andthenhefurtheredhisstudyinCambridgeUniversity.(用适当的词填空)76．Thegirlrefusedtotellusthereasonshebecameinterestedinthisfilm.(用适当的词填空)77．ThisisthecityTomwillspendtheholidaywithhisparents.(用适当的词填空)78．ThereasonSamquitthetrainingwasnotconvincing.(用适当的词填空)79．It’swidelyrecognizedthatwehaveenteredintoanagedreamshavethebestchanceofingtrue.(用适当的词填空)80．Teenagersmayexperiencesituationstheirbodydevelopmentslowsdown.(用适当的词填空)81．Inherthirties,thoughsufferingfromamarriagethehusbandwasviolentandeventurnedherfamilyagainsther,Granvillesoughtfortbystudyingmothsandbutterflies.(用适当的词填空)82．Thepeoplefaceslitupwithahugesmilegavemethedeepestimpression.(用适当的词填空)83．ThepolicearrestedtheverymaninbackpackIfoundmylostwallet.(用适当的词填空)84．Manystudentshavejustreachedthestagetheycancontroltheirmoodsandactions.(用适当的词填空)85．Therearebirdswhichkicktheiryoungoutatanearlystagetheycanproducenewchicks.(用适当的词填空)86．Anexitisthedooryoucanleaveabuilding.(用适当的词填空)87．Whenyou’realwaysexpectingmoreandalwayslookingforwardtoatimeyou’llbehappy,you’llneverbereallyhappy.(用适当的词填空)88．IencounteredanoldfriendfromIhadpartedformanyyears.(所给词的适当形式填空)89．Heisanexpertonriceplantingfromthelocalvillagershavelearntalot.(用适当的词填空)90．Chinesecalligraphyisakindofartimportancehasbeenwidelyvalued.(用适当的词填空)91．Forrestlookstotheothersideaboysitsaloneonalargerseat.（用适当的词填空）92．Thebestwaytomakeakidbeeindependentistoputhiminapositionhehasnooneelsetoturnto.(用适当的词填空)93．Mensaisasocietyforbrightpeople,anditaimstocreateaplatformmanythinkcanprovidethechancetosharetheirthoughtsandideas.(用适当的词填空)94．SheoftenorganizesnonprofitpapercuttingactivitiesareopentothepublicinBeijing.(用适当的词填空)95．Sheenviedourfamilyatmosphereourparentsshowedusmuchaffection.(所给词的适当形式填空)96．Themomentthefirstraysofsunlightpaintedtheskysignaledthebeginningofanewday.(用适当的词填空)97．Isthisclassroomyouhaveyourchemistrylessonstheoneyoulikethemost?（用适当的词填空）98．TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecieslivewithintheGiantPandaRange.(用适当的词填空)99．IlikegoingonfieldtripIcanexperienceanddothingstoprotecthistoricalsites.(用适当的词填空)100．Sheworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopsheopenedwithherlatehusband.(用适当的词填空)Partfour综合必刷30题Passage01QingMingis1(popular)associatedwithJieZizhui,2livedinShanxiprovincein600B．C．ItissaidthatJiesavedhisstarvinglord’slifebyservingapieceofhisownleg.Whenthelordsucceededinbeingtherulerofasmallcountry,heinvitedhisfaithfulfollowertojoinhim.3,Jiedeclinedhisinvitation,4(prefer)toleadasimplelifewithhismotherinthemountains.BelievingthathecouldforceJieoutbyburningthemountain,thelordorderedhismentosetfiretotheforest.Tohisdisappointment,Jiechosetoremainwherehewasandwasburnttodeath.5(memorize)Jie,thelordorderedallfiresineveryhomebeputout6theanniversary(周年纪念日)ofJie’sdeath.Thusbeganthe“coldfoodfeast”,adaywhennofoodcouldbecookedsincenofirecouldbelit.The“coldfood”festivaloccursontheeveofQingMingand7(consider)aspartoftheQingMingfestival.Astimepasses,theQingMingfestivalhasreplacedthe“coldfood”festival.Whateverpracticeisobserved,thebasicobservationofQingMingistorememberone’seldersbymaking8specialefforttovisittheirgraves,ashesorancestraltablets.Tomakethevisiteven9(meaningful),sometimeshouldbespenttoremindtheyoungermembersofthefamilyofthelivesandcontributionsoftheirancestors.Oneofthemostimportant10(activity)onthisdayistosweepgravestohonorancestors,deadrelativesandfriends.Passage02Chinahasbeenworkinghardtopromoteexchangesbetweenitsyoungpeopleandtheonesfromothercountriesaroundtheworldonculture,innovations,workingskillsandentrepreneurship.Chinalaunched(发起)anactivity,whichisdedicatedtopromotingthe11(develop)ofyoungpeopleworldwide.Sofar,somebigpaniesinChina12(start)differentprojectsandbenefitedyoungindividualsfrom19countries,includingLaos,Vietnam,UgandaandPortugal.13typicalexampleisaprojectinUzbekistanbyaChinesepany.ItofferssomeexcellentcollegegraduatesopportunitiesforemploymentandtolearninChina.14isworthmentioningisthatsomelocalyouthsgotaccesstotrainingcoursesandlecturesandsomeyouths15(invite)toChinatovisitsomeprojectslastyear.Leaders