人教版（2019）必修第二册复习学案 UNIT 3 THE INTERNET

UNIT3THEINTERNET基础默写Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形1.chatvi.聊天；闲聊2.streamvt.流播（不用下载直接在互联网上播放音视频）；流出vi.流动n.小河；溪流3.cashn.现金；金钱4.updatevt.更新；向……提供最新信息n.更新；最新消息5.stuckadj.卡住；陷（入）；困（于）6.surfvt.&vi.浏览；冲浪7.charityn.慈善；慈善机构（或组织）8.toughadj.艰难的；严厉的9.functionn.功能；作用；机能vi.起作用；正常工作；运转10.confirmvt.确认；使确信11.pressvt.按，压；敦促12.accountn.账户；描述13.targetn.目标；对象；靶子vt.把……作为攻击目标14.particularadj.特定的；特别的；讲究的15.upsetadj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的vt.（过去式upset；过去分词upset）使烦恼；使生气；搅乱16.authorn.作者；作家17.tipn.忠告；诀窍；实用的提示18.casen.盒；箱；情况；案件Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变1.convenientadj.方便的；近便的→conveniencen.便利；方便→inconveniencen.不便2.benefitn.益处vt.使受益vi.得益于→beneficialadj.有利的；有益的；受益的3.distancen.距离→distantadj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；冷淡的→distantlyadv.遥远地；疏远地4.inspirevt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考→inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的；使人振奋的→inspiredadj.受启发的；能力卓越的→inspirationn.灵感；启发5.accessn.通道；（使用、查阅、接近或面见的）机会vt.进入；使用；获取→accessibleadj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的；易懂的；随和的6.privacyn.隐私；私密→privateadj.私人的；秘密的→privatelyadv.私下地7.theftn.偷（窃）；盗窃罪→thiefn.小偷；贼8.rudeadj.粗鲁的；无礼的→rudelyadv.粗鲁地→rudenessn.粗鲁；无礼9.embarrassvt.使尴尬；使窘迫→embarrassingadj.让人难堪（尴尬；害羞）的→embarrassedadj.感到难堪（尴尬）的→embarrassmentn.尴尬10.familiaradj.熟悉的；熟知的→unfamiliaradj.不熟悉的→familiarityn.熟悉；通晓Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意1.blogn.博客vi.写博客2.enginen.引擎；发动机；火车头3.identityn.身份；个性4.databasen.数据库；资料库5.softwaren.软件6.networkn.（互联）网络；网状系统；人际网vt.将……连接成网络；联播vi.建立工作关系7.provincen.省8.conferencen.会议；研讨会；正式会谈9.residentn.居民；（美国的）住院医生adj.（在某地）居住的10.plusconj.而且；此外n.加号；优势prep.加；另加11.batteryn.电池12.discountn.折扣vt.打折13.falseadj.假的；错误的14.guidelinen.准则；指导原则15.definevt.给……下定义；界定；解释Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配1.identitycard身份证2.keepsb.company陪伴某人3.nowthat既然；由于4.gothrough经历；度过；通读5.inshape状况良好6.keeptrackof掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态7.makefunof取笑；戏弄8.keep（...）inmind牢记Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用1.ShewassoinspiredbythepeopleshemetonlinethatshedecidedtostartanITclubtoteacholderpeoplehowtousecomputersandtheInternet.（"so...that..."引导结果状语从句）她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人学习使用电脑和互联网。2.Nowthatheworksandcantakecareofhimself，hisdaughterhastimetostudyatuniversity.（nowthat引导原因状语从句）由于他有工作可做，并能够照顾好自己，他的女儿就有时间在大学学习了。3.Atrollisapersonwhopostscommentsorquestionsinordertostiruptroubleonline.（inordertodo）发挑衅帖子的人指的是为了在网上挑起事端而发布评论或问题的人。4.Thisappkeepsyouupdatedonallyourfavouritetopics.（keep＋宾语＋宾补）此应用程序可为您提供所有您最喜欢的话题的最新信息。5.However，themorepoliteyouare，thelesslikelyitisyouwillbeattacked.（the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...）但是，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。语境自测Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）1.Thefamouspersongaveawaymostofhisfortunetothecharity（慈善机构）beforehisdeath.2.Itisrequiredthatweshoulddoatleastanothertwoexperimentstomakesurethemachinefunctions（运转）well.3.Biologyismyfavouritesubject，andmytarget（目标）istopreparemyselfformydegreeinbiologyatuniversity.4.Nowwecangooutsidewithoutanyneedforcash（现金）—allweneedisourmobilephone！5.Afterfinishingmydailywork，Iwillupdate（更新）myfitnesslogonmyphone.6.Theoldfarmerwasveryupset（心烦的）atthethoughtofthebearattackinghissheep.7.Inanyunsafesituation，simplypressthebuttonandahighly-trainedagentwillofferyouthehelpyouneed.8.Manypeoplegooutoftownduringtheholiday，soJackisleavingearlytoavoidgettingstuckintraffic.9.Hegaveadetailedaccountofwhathappenedontheunforgettablenight.10.WhatispoliteinAsiamaybeextremelyrudeinWesterncountries.Herearesometipsforyoutohaveanenjoyablemealwithyourforeignfriends.Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Howcanyoutalktoyourbrothersorudely？Gotoapologizeforyourrudeness！（rude）2.It’sveryconvenientformetogoshopping.Thereisaconveniencestorenearmyhome.（convenient）3.Once，IwastryingtointroduceawomanwhosenameIcouldn’trememberanditalsomadethewomanembarrassed.Itwasreallyembarrassing.（embarrass）4.Listeningtohisinspiringspeech，wewereinspiredtomakegreatefforts.Itgaveusnotonlyhopebutalsoinspiration.（inspire）5.FreeInternetaccessathomeisahugestepinmakingonlineeducationaccessibletoeverybody.（access）6.Everyoneknowsthebenefit（s）oflearningEnglishandifyoulearnitwell，itwillbebeneficialtoyourfuturecareer.ItisreportedthatmanygraduateshavebenefitedalotfromhavingagoodcommandofEnglish.（benefit）7.Don’treadothers’privateletterswithoutpermission.Weshouldrespectothers’privacy.（private）8.IwasfamiliarwithTom’svoice，soIrecognizedhimimmediately.Hisfamilymovedtoadistantcitylastweek.Hetoldmethathewasveryupsetintheunfamiliarsurroundings.（familiar）Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子nowthatgothroughkeep（...）inmindkeeptrackofmakefunofinshape1.Youshouldkeepinmindthatsuccesscomesfromhardworkwhilelazinessleadstofailure.2.Nevermakefunofotherswhenthey’recryingbecauseyoumayneverfullyunderstandwhattoughtimesthey’vegonethrough.3.Nowthatyouhaven’tappliedforanaccount，thewebsiteisnotaccessibletoyou.4.Socialmediaenableustokeeptrackofthecurrenteventshappeninginevendistantplaces.5.ShesurfedtheInternet，intendingtofindapracticalmethodofstayinginshape.Ⅳ.句式仿写1.我英语说得很流利，与外国运动员交流毫无困难。（"so...that..."引导结果状语从句）IspeakEnglishsofluentlythatIhavenodifficultycommunicatingwithforeignathletes.2.既然你很喜欢中国古典文学，我确信这门课程会很适合你。（nowthat引导原因状语从句）NowthatyoulikeChineseclassicalliteratureverymuch，Ibelievethecoursewillbeverysuitableforyou.3.为了让她高兴起来，我们计划给她一个大惊喜。（inordertodo）Inordertocheerherup，weareplanningtogiveherabigsurprise.4.我喜欢具有挑战性的工作，这使我每天都充满活力。（keep＋宾语＋宾补）I’mfondofchallengingwork，whichkeepsmeenergeticeveryday.5.简而言之，你在社交媒体上花费的时间越多，你可能会感到越孤独。（the＋比较级...the＋比较级...）Inshort，themoretimeyouspendonsocialmedia，thelonelieryoumayfeel.TheInternethasmadeourlivesmoreconvenient.Wecanchatonline，getnewsupdatesandgoshoppingwithoutcash.Ithasbroughtalotofbenefitstoourlives.JanTchamanisuddenlygotaseriousillnessatage50.Itupsetherthatshewasoutofworkandstuckathomewithonlyhercomputertokeephercompany.Thecomputerhelpedhergothroughthelonelyandtoughdaysandkeeptrackofwhatwashappeningoutside.SherealizedthatinmanycasestheInternethadthefunctionofremovingthedistancebetweenpeople.Greatlyinspiredbythepeopleonline，shestartedtoteacholderresidentshowtoconnecttoaWi-Finetwork，registeranonlineaccount，surftheInternetandloadsoftware.ShebelievesthateveryoneshouldhaveaccesstotheInternet.Shekeepsinmindthathernexttargetistostartacharitywebsitetoraisemoneyforchildreninpoorcountries.1convenientadj.方便的；近便的1.[人教选必②－2]Leonisalsoamazedbytheconvenience（convenient）ofcashlesspaymentsinChina.2.Shoppingonlineischeaperandmuchmoreconvenient（convenient）.3.有了许多在线课程，学生可以方便地获取各种知识。Withmanyonlinecourses，it’sconvenientforstudentstoobtainvariousknowledge.4.如果你方便的话，我明天下午想要去拜访你。Ifitisconvenientforyou，I’dliketovisityoutomorrowafternoon.5.如果您能尽早回复，我将不胜感激。 （申请信）Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldreplyatyourearliestconvenience.（Iwouldappreciateit...）convenient/convenience常用于求助信的写作中，如：Ifit’sconvenient，Icancometomorrow.方便的话，我可以明天过来。Canyouspareanhourwhenit’sconvenient？方便时能占用您一小时时间吗？Canyoutelephone/callmeatyourconveniencetoarrangeameeting？你能不能在你方便时给我来个电话，安排见一次面？Ihopethatyoucanreplytomyletteratyourconvenience.我希望你方便时能够给我回信。★Itisconvenient（forsb.）todosth.（对某人而言）做某事方便。beconvenientforsb.对某人来说方便★inconvenientadj.不方便的inconveniencen.不方便★conveniencen.方便；便利设施atone’sconvenience在某人方便时atyourearliestconvenience尽早；尽快2benefitn.益处vt.使受益vi.得益于1.Beingclosetonaturehasproventobebeneficial（benefit）toourmentalhealth.2.正是你激励我养成了读书的习惯，这让我受益匪浅。 （感谢信）→①Itwasyouwhoinspiredmetoformthehabitofreadingbooks，whichbenefitedmealot.（定语从句，benefitsb.）→②Itwasyouwhoinspiredmetoformthehabitofreadingbooks，fromwhichIbenefitedalot.（定语从句，benefitfrom）→③Itwasyouwhoinspiredmetoformthehabitofreadingbooks，whichwasofgreatbenefittome.（定语从句，benefitn.）★forthebenefitofsb.＝forsb.’sbenefit为了某人的利益；为帮助某人benefitfromsth.得益于某事benefitsb.使某人受益；对某人有用★beneficialadj.有利的；有用的bebeneficialto...＝beofbenefitto...对……有益3distancen.距离1.[人教选必①－4]Theireyesbarelymove，andtheyalwayshavethesamedistant（distance）expressionontheirfaces.空处修饰expression，应用形容词，此处distant表示"冷淡的"。2.Wemanagedtosetupatelescope，throughwhichwecouldseeabeautifulsightinthedistance.3.Justaswewereonthepointofdesperation，weheardavoiceat/fromadistance.4.上周，我们班在离学校5千米远的一个农场里组织了一次水果采摘活动。 （活动介绍）Lastweek，ourclassorganizedafruit-pickingactivityonafarm5kilometersdistantfromourschool.（distant）★inthedistance在远处at/fromadistance离一段距离；从远处at/fromadistanceof...从……远的地方keepsb.atadistance同某人疏远；对某人冷淡；与某人保持一定距离★distantadj.遥远的；远亲的；冷淡的4accessn.通道；（使用、查阅、接近或面见的）机会vt.进入；使用；获取1.[外研选必②－4]Thetelevision，meanwhile，isawindowontheworld，givingusquickandeasyaccesstootherculturesandlifestyles.2.Acivilizedsocietyoughttomaketheartsaccessible（access）toeveryone，regardlessoftheirbackgroundorincome.3.如今，学生更容易在网上获得好的学习资源。 （线上课程）Nowadays，it’seasierforstudentstohave/gain/getaccesstogoodlearningresourcesonline.access作名词时，其后通常跟介词to。★have/get/gainaccessto...拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入……give（sb.）accessto...准许（某人）使用或接近……★accessibleadj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的beaccessibletosb.能为某人所接近或使用的5accountn.账户；描述；说明；账目vt.认为是vi.说明1.如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。 （申请信）Iwouldgreatlyappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoaccount/takeaccountofmyapplication.2.海伦·凯勒创作的《我生活的故事》描述了她为了成为一名杰出的作家而进行的艰苦斗争。 （图书推荐）TheStoryofMyLife，writtenbyHelenKeller，givesanaccountofherhardstruggletobecomeanoutstandingwriter.3.你绝不该对父母无礼。Onnoaccountshouldyouberudetoyourparents.（倒装句）onnoaccount表示否定意义，位于句首时句子要部分倒装。4.你的勤奋和决心是你成功的原因。It’syourdiligenceanddeterminationthataccountforyoursuccess.（强调句型）★takesth.intoaccount＝takeaccountofsth.对某事加以考虑giveanaccountof...描述……onaccountof因为onnoaccount决不，绝对不★accountfor是……的原因；对……作出解释；（在数量、比例上）占★accountantn.会计6upsetadj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的vt.（upset，upset）使烦恼；使生气；搅乱4.AsfarasI’mconcerned，thereisnoneedtogetupsetabout/atit.Let’sjustforgetiteverhappened.5.Itupsetmetoknow（know）thattherewasonly¥500inmyaccount.6.Iamupsetthatyouhavegotintothehabitofstayinguplate.→①Itupsetsmethatyouhavegotintothehabitofstayinguplate.（it作形式主语）→②Whatupsetsmeisthatyouhavegotintothehabitofstayinguplate.（what引导主语从句）★beupsetabout/at...为……心烦意乱/难过★Itupsetssb.todosth.做某事让某人心烦意乱。Itupsetssb.that...让某人心烦的是……7gothrough经历；度过；通读；通过；仔细检查；用完4.[外研选必③－5]Wemustgothroughsomedifficultthingsifwereallywishtospreadourwingsandfly.5.Goover/throughyourwritingforspellingmistakesbeforeyoucontributeittotheschoolpaper.6.Kathy’sparentsintendedhertobeadoctor，butshewentagainsttheirwill.7.Astimegoesby，Iamgraduallyawareofwhatmyparentshavedoneforme.★goahead先走；开始做，着手干goagainst反抗；违反；不利于goby（时间）流逝goover复习；仔细检查goinfor爱好；参加考试（或竞赛）goup上涨；上升godown下跌；下降；下沉8keeptrackof掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态1.Asportswatchcanhelpyoukeeptrackofyourfitnessandexercise（了解你的健康和运动状况）.★losetrackof...不了解……的进展；失去与……的联系2.Movingtoanewcitydoesn’tmeanlosingtrackofoldfriends（意味着与老朋友失去联系）.9keep（...）inmind牢记1.请牢记一个小行为可以产生巨大的影响。 （倡议）Pleasekeep/bearinmindthatasmallactioncanmakeahugedifference.在keep/bearsth.inmind的应用中，若要牢记的内容为句子时，可以放在mind后，用that引导宾语从句，即keep/bearinmindthat...。2.有时，我发现集中精力学习很困难，这让我很焦虑。 （求助信）Sometimes，Ifindithardtofixmymindonmystudy，whichmakesmeworried.（it作形式宾语）3.被他们的奉献精神所鼓舞，我当时就下定决心效仿他们成为一名医生。 （感悟）Inspiredbytheirdevotion，Imadeupmymindtofollowtheirexampletobecomeadoctoratthattime.4.Paulhadintendedtoopenanewaccount，butchangedhismindatthelastminute（在最后一刻改变了主意）.★bear（...）inmind牢记fixone’smindon/upon...把注意力集中在……上makeupone’smind下定决心changeone’smind改变主意crossone’smind（想法等）掠过心头，出现在脑海loseone’smind某人失去理智/精神错乱cometomind突然记起（或想到）bring/call...tomind想起/记起……10so...that...引导的结果状语从句1.TuYouyoumadesuchgreatcontributionstotheworldthatshewasawardedtheNobelPrize.2.Beforethepolicycameout，IhadsomuchhomeworkthatIhadnotimetogooutwithmyfriend.3.我英语掌握得很好，可以毫无困难地与访客沟通。 （申请信）→①IhavesuchagoodcommandofEnglishthatIcancommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdifficulty.（such...that...）→②IhavesogoodacommandofEnglishthatIcancommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdifficulty.（so...that...）★so...that...意为"如此……以至于……"，基本结构为：so＋adj./★such...that...也表示"如此……以至于……"，基本结构为：such＋a（n★当so/such及其后面的成分放在句首时，主句要部分倒装。→③SogoodacommandofEnglishdoIhavethatIcancommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdifficulty.（so提前引起的部分倒装）11nowthat引导的原因状语从句1.Thankstothefacialrecognitiontechnology，thethiefwasarrestedquickly.2.Hewonthecompetitionbecauseofhiseffortsratherthanhisluck.because为连词，其后跟句子。becauseof为介词短语，其后跟名词或动名词。3.既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我相信这个节日对你来说将是一次值得的体验。（邀请信）NowthatyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture，Ibelievethisfestivalwouldbeaworthwhileexperienceforyou.★引导原因状语从句的连词还有：since，because，as，consideringthat，giventhat。★表示原因的短语有：dueto，owingto，onaccountof，becauseof，thanksto。nowthat，since，because，as，for后都可跟句子，表示原因。nowthat强调人们已知的事实，可与since互换；because常用于回答why的提问；as语气较弱；for为并列连词，不能位于句首，表示进一步的补充说明。词根-count-本单元：dis-（不）＋-count-（数，计算）→不计算某些数→discount折扣；打折ac-（对，向）＋-count-（计算，数）→对……计算清楚→account账户；描述拓展：从[构词示例]中选择适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。1.[人教必修②－4]Therearecountlesshistoricsitestoexplore，andlotsofmuseumswithancientrelicsfromallovertheUK.2.[江苏高考]IthadbeenknownforalongtimethatYellowstonewasvolcanicinnature—that’swhataccountedforallitshotspringsandothersteamyfeatures.3.Customersareoffereda10％discountiftheypaycash.4.Iaskedthewomanbehindthecounterifshehadanypostcardsandshegavemeanod.Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配、易错动词变形1.[2023新高考Ⅱ]Ascitiesballoonwithgrowth，accesstonatureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbecominghardertofind.balloon在此作动词，意为"（数量上）猛增"。句意：随着城市的不断扩张，生活在城市地区的人们越来越难以接触大自然。2.[2022新高考Ⅰ]Asaspecialeducationteacherattheschool，IwasfamiliarwiththechallengesDavidfacedandwasproudofhisstrongdetermination.3.[2022全国乙]Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends’birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.4.[2022全国乙]However，somehighsugarbrands，likeClassicCocaCola，haveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsetting（upset）consumers.5.[2021新高考Ⅱ]Youneedaseatwhichsupportsyourbackandthebookshouldbeattherightdistance（distant）fromyoureyes.6.[2021全国乙]Inmyopinion，studentscanbenefitalotfromdoingsomehousework.7.[2021浙江]Thishappenedoverandover，butwesoonlearnedtoidentify（identity）differentgrasseslikecockleburs...theprettypurplethistle.learntodosth."学会做某事"；identity的动词形式为identify。其他常见的以-fy结尾的动词有：clarify"澄清"；justify"证明……正当"；qualify"使合格，使具有资格"；satisfy"使满意"；simplify"使简化"；beautify"美化"。8.[2020新高考Ⅱ]Don’tbeafraidorembarrassed（embarrass）todiscusssomethingthatisbotheringyou.9.[2020全国Ⅰ]Lightingaccountsforabout7％ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.10.[2020全国Ⅲ]InIndia，particularly（particular）outsidecities，youngwomenareexpectedtomoveinwiththeirhusband’sfamilywhentheygetmarried.Ⅱ.阅读理解——一词多义、熟词生义1.A.艰苦的 B.严格的 C.坚强的①[2023新高考Ⅱ]Turningsoil，pullingweeds，andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleandhighschoolkids. A②[天津高考]Atoughmancantoleratesuffering. C③[浙江高考]OtherEuropeancountrieslaiddownasimilarrequirementforimmigrants，andsometermsareeventougher. B2.A.n.溪流 B.v.流播 C.n.人流①[2023新高考Ⅰ]Adirtystream，forexample，oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived. A②[2021全国甲]Thewallis12metershighandfromhereyoucanseestreamsofpeoplemovinginsideandoutsidetheCityWall. C③[2021北京]Samisanin-real-lifestreamer（播主），andhelivestreamshimselfjustgoingabouthisday. Blive在句中作副词，表示"现场直播"。句意：Sam是个现实生活播主，直播自己一天的生活。3.A.n.权利B.v.到达C.n.通道①[2021全国甲]WeaccessedthewallthroughtheSouthGate. B②[2020新高考Ⅱ]Theauthoritiesclosedaccesstothebridgeandtensofthousandsofpeoplemadetheirwaybacktoland. C③[全国Ⅰ]Thus，thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities，andbyextension，whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit’sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.A4.[2020天津]Well，itfunctionsbyanalyzingthewavesoftheincomingsoundandcreatingasecondsetofoutgoingwaves. v.起作用，运转Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写写作一基础写作——在线学习[2021全国乙]你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Besmartonlinelearners为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：1.分析优势与不足；2.提出学习建议。◎写作要点1.我们从在线学习中受益匪浅。（benefit）Wehavebenefitedalotfromonlinelearning.2.我们也可以用某些软件来跟踪自己的进展。（keeptrackof，software）Wecankeeptrackofourprogressinsomesoftwaretoo.3.此外，网络使我们能够获得各种资源。（network，access）Besides，thenetworkallowsusaccesstoallkindsofresources.◎连句成篇请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。BesmartonlinelearnersOnlinelearninghasbecomeapopularwaytolearnrecently.However，onlinelearninghasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Wehavebenefitedalotfromonlinelearning.Itmakesitconvenientforustolearnwheneverandwhereverpossible.Wecankeeptrackofourprogressinsomesoftwaretoo.Besides，thenetworkallowsusaccesstoallkindsofresources.However，itsdisadvantagescannotbeignored.Staringatthescreentoolongisharmfultooureyes.Worsestill，therearesomanydistractionsthatwecan’tfocusonclass.Thenhowtobesmartonlinelearners？Keepinmindthefollowingtips.First，sensiblymanageourtimeonlineanddoeyeexercisesregularly.Second，switchoffalltheothersoftwaretoavoiddistractions.写作二读后续写——情感描写之害怕与恐惧（一）积累背诵仿写运用单词scare，frighten；fear，fright，panic，terror，horror；terrible，horrible，afraid，scared，frightened，frightening，panicked根据左栏素材完成下列各句1.女孩紧紧地握着父亲的手，不敢独自过马路。Thegirlheldherfather’shandtightly，afraidtocrosstheroadalone.（形容词短语作状语）2.突如其来的黑暗把他的孩子们吓到了，特里赶紧抱住他们以缓解他们的紧张情绪。Thesuddendarknessscaredhischildren.Terryhurriedtohugthemtoeasetheirtension.3.听了这个恐怖故事后，汤姆吓得不敢独自睡觉。Tomwastoofrightenedtosleepaloneafterheheardthehorrorstory.（too...to...）4.他突然在我背后说话，吓了我一跳。Hesuddenlyspokebehindme，givingmeafright.（现在分词作状语）5.那条狗突然跳出来冲向我，我被吓得惊慌失措。Igotpanic-strickenwhenthatdogjumpedoutatmeallofasudden.6.房子里突然的寂静似乎让外面的风雨更加可怕。他们能做什么呢？Thesuddensilenceinthehouseseemedtomakethewindandrainmorefrightening/terrible/horribleoutside.Whatcouldtheydo？（make＋宾语＋宾补）词组1.forfearof唯恐，以免2.beafraid/frightened/scaredof...害怕……3.givesb.afright吓某人一跳4.beinpanic/terror惊慌地/恐惧地5.beinastateofpanic惊恐万状6.screamwithfear/cryoutinfright吓得大叫起来7.white/palewithfear/horror吓得脸色发白佳句1.MissLiisverystrictandserious.Inherclass，Idon’tdaretomakeanytrouble.李老师非常严格和严肃。在她的课堂上，我不敢惹任何麻烦。2.Thefrightenedboyletoutascreamandranaway.那个吓坏了的男孩尖叫着逃跑了。3.Whenthefirealarmsounded，peoplefledfromthebuildinginpanic.当火警响起时，人们惊慌失措地逃离了大楼。4.Hearinghisdaughtercrying，Mr.Cottledashedin，lookingpanic-stricken.听到女儿的哭声，科特尔先生冲了进来，看上去惊慌失措。一、阅读理解A[2023山东联考]AstudyfromtheUniversityofMontrealandtheMontrealMuseumofFineArts，publishedinFrontiersinMedicine，foundthatregularvirtualvisitstomuseumscouldhelpseniorsstaymentallyactiveandcomewithahostofadditionalhealthbenefits.That’sbecausethesedigitalconnectionscanmakeretireesfeellesslonelyandisolated.Socialisolationhasbeenassociatedwiththerisksforheartdiseaseandthedeclineofrecognitionabilitiesinseniors，accordingtoapressreleasefromtheuniversity.Theresearchersinvestigatedthepotentialbenefitsofweeklyvirtualvisitsforathree-monthperiod.Theparticipantswerepeopleaged65andolderwholivedinMontreal.Halfoftheparticipantstookpartinonlinevisitsandadiscussionafterwards，whilethecontrolgroupdidnotparticipateinanyculturaleventsatall.Thegroupwhoparticipatedinthevirtualvisitsshowedimprovementsintheirqualityoflife."Ourstudyshowedthatart-basedactivitymaybeaneffectiveintervention，"leadauthorDr.OlivierBeauchet，aprofessorattheUniversityofMontreal，saidinthepressrelease."Onaglobalscale，thisparticipatoryart-basedactivitycouldbecomeamodelthatcouldbeofferedinmuseumsandartsinstitutionsworldwidetopromoteactiveandhealthyaging."TheinitiativereflectsapproachesrecommendedbytheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）tomanagecertaindiseases，accordingtoBeauchet.Forinstance，theWHOlaunchedtheAgingandHealthProgramin2015thatincludedusingcommunity-basedorganizationstopromotecultureasakeycomponentofimprovinghealth.Traditionally，thesesortsofpreventivehealthactivitieshavetakenplaceinschools，communitycenters，andworkplaces."Whilethesearesuitablelocationsthatreachagreatnumberofpeople，thereareadditionalorganizationsandsectorsthatcouldbecomepartnersinpublichealthresearchandpracticedevelopment，"Beauchetsaid."Museumsareamongsuchpotentialpartners.Theyareawareoftheneedsoftheircommunitiesandareconsequentlyexpandingthetypesofactivitiestheyoffer."研究表明，经常在网上参观博物馆能够帮助老年人保持精神上的活跃，并能为老年人带来其他有利于健康的好处。【词语积累】virtualadj.模拟的，虚拟的beassociatedwith...与……有关beawareof...意识到……，知道……1.Howdoseniorsbenefitfromregularvirtualvisitstomuseums？A.Theygetsurvivalskills.B.Theydevelopinterestinart.C.Theyimprovetheirqualityoflife.D.Theyconnectmorewithfamily.解析C细节理解题。由第三段中的"Thegroup...showedimprovementsintheirqualityoflife"可知，C选项正确。2.WhatcanbeinferredfromBeauchet’swordsinParagraph3？A.Theparticipantscomefromthewholeworld.B.Museumsneedbetterculturalevents.C.Face-to-facediscussionisausefulintervention.D.Seniorsshouldattendmoreart-basedactivities.解析D推理判断题。由第三段中的"‘Ourstudyshowedthatart-basedactivitymaybeaneffectiveintervention，’leadauthorDr.OlivierBeauchet..."可知，Beauchet认为他们的研究表明基于艺术的活动可能是一种有效的干预，由此可推知老年人应该多参加一些这样的活动，故D选项正确。3.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph？A.Toadvocate. B.Toentertain.C.Toadvertise. D.Towarn.解析A意图推断题。由最后一段内容，尤其是"TheinitiativereflectsapproachesrecommendedbytheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）tomanagecertaindiseases""Museumsareamongsuchpotentialpartners...areconsequentlyexpandingthetypesofactivitiestheyoffer"可推知，作者写最后一段的目的是提倡老年人经常在网上参观博物馆，故本题选A项。4.Whichmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext？A.TheAgedFormaCommunitytoReduceLonelinessB.VirtualArt-basedActivitiesBringPeopleTogetherC.OnlineMuseumTripsImproveSeniors’Well-beingD.RetiredIndividualsPayMoreVisitstoMuseums解析C标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲了一个新的研究发现——经常在网上参观博物馆能够帮助老年人保持精神上的活跃，并能为老年人带来其他有利于健康的好处，故C选项正确。B[2024山东日照校际联考]Awell-knownsocialmediaplatformoncemadeheadlinesforlimitinglikesinanefforttoreducethecomparisonsandhurtfeelingsresultingfromattachingpopularitytosharingcontent."Thisisasmallstepintherightdirection，"saysJacquelineSperling，apsychologistwhoworkswiththeyouththatexperienceanxietydisorders.Socialmediahasareinforcingnature.Theplatformsaredesignedtobeaddictiveandarerelatedtoanxiety，depression，andevenphysicalillnesses.Butwhatmakesuserscomebackformoreevenwhenitcanliterallymakethemfeelsick？"Theunknownoutcomeandthepossibilityofadesiredoutcomecankeepusersengagedwiththesites，"Sperlingsays."Whentheoutcomeisunpredictable，thebehaviorismorelikelytorepeat."Toboostself-esteemandfeelasenseofbelongingintheirsocialcircles，peoplepostcontentwiththehopeofreceivingpositivefeedback.FOMO—fearofmissingout—alsoplaysarole.Teenagershopetokeeptrackoffriends’activities.Missingexperiencescancreateanxietyanddepression.Theearlierteensstartusingsocialmedia，thegreaterimpacttheplatformshaveonmentalhealth.Thisisespeciallytrueforfemales.Whileteenmalestendtoexpressaggressionphysically，femalesdosobyexcludingothersandsharinghurtfulcomments.Socialmediaincreasestheopportunityforsuchharmfulinteractions.Inaddition，socialmediaputsadistorted（扭曲的）lensonappearancesandreality.Whenthere’safilterappliedtothedigitalworld，itcanbehardforteenstotellwhat’srealandwhatisn’t，whichcomesatatoughtimeforthemphysicallyandemotionally.Wecanbenefitfromsocialplatformstosomeextent，astheyallowpeopletostayintouchwithfamilyandfriendsaroundtheworld.Still，theplatformshaveopeneda"Pandora’sbox"astheycontinuetoevolvemorequicklythanwecanresearchtheirimpact.Inadditiontolimitinglikes，Sperlingsuggestssocialplatformsconsiderdecreasingmasssharing.Regardlessofhowlikelysocialmediagiantsaretochangetheirways，though，individualscantakecontroloftheirownbehavior.本文以某社交媒体平台限制点赞开篇，分析了青少年频繁使用社交媒体的原因，呈现了社交媒体的一些不良影响。【词语积累】comparisonn.比较boostv.增强（信心、士气），促进keeptrackof...了解……的动态，与……保持联系aggressionn.攻击性，好斗情绪1.Whydidthefamoussocialmediaplatformmentionedinparagraph1limitlikes？A.Tosharemorecontent.B.Toincreaseitspopularity.C.Toensureteens’well-being.D.Toreduceteens’onlinetime.解析C推理判断题。由第一段的"inanefforttoreducethecomparisonsandhurtfeelings"可知，限制点赞的目的在于减少攀比，减少感情上受到的伤害。第二段指出社交媒体与焦虑、抑郁，甚至身体疾病相关；同时文章的谈论对象为青少年。因此，此举有助于青少年健康地使用社交媒体以确保其身心健康，故选C。2.WhichofthefollowingdoesSperlingagreewith？A.Socialmedia’sdistortedlenshelpsteensunderstandtherealworld.B.Socialmedia’sunpredictableoutcomeattractsfrequentvisits.C.Socialmediaishelpfultoteenswithanxietyanddepression.D.Socialmediahasagreaterimpactonfemaleteensthanonmaleteens.解析B推理判断题。由第三段中Sperling说的话"Whentheoutcomeisunpredictable，thebehaviorismorelikelytorepeat"可知，当结果不可预测时，行为越有可能重复，即频繁使用社交媒体，故选B。3.Whatdoes"Pandora’sbox"inparagraph6imply？A.Socialmediacanbedouble-edg