人教版高考英语一轮复习讲义必修三Unit2HealthyEating

第一部分基础知识必修三Unit2HealthyEating1.了解丰富的饮食文化，学会如何改善饮食习惯；同时培养良好的饮食习惯；2.学习在现实生活中碰到麻烦时，如何正确处理矛盾，解决问题。Whatisabalanceddiet?Onewithvegetablesandfruitssuchasbeans,peas,cucumbers,eggplants,peppers,mushrooms,peachesandlemons?Oronewithroastedmuttonandfriedfish?Everyonewillputonweightiftheyjustchoosetheonlyonediet.Wealloughttohaveabalanceddiettostayslim.Outofcuriosity,Iconsultedahostessaboutlosingweight.Sheneverlies.Shesaidshehastriedalmosteverykindoffood,includingdiscountedfood.Allfoodhasitsweaknessesandstrengths.Weshouldn'tlimitustotheonlyonediet,whichwon'tbenefityouforever.bineallfoodeasytodigestwithyourdietandcutdownthefoodrichinfat.Don'tsigh.Youwillbethinnerbeforelong.Afterall,healthisthemostimportantbecauseyoumustearnyourliving.Andyouwillwinyourlover'sheartbackandevengetoutofdebtifyouarethinner.1.balancevt.平衡；权衡n．天平；平衡2.loseweight体重减轻；减肥3.curiosityn．好奇心4.strengthn．强项；长处；力量5.consultvt.咨询；请教；商量6.earnone'sliving谋生7.limitvt.限制；限定n．界限；限度8.benefitn．利益；好处vt.&vi.有益于；有助于；受益1.出于好奇，我向一位女主持人咨询关于减肥的事宜。Outofcuriosity,Iconsultedahostessaboutlosingweight.2.很快你就会瘦下来。Youwillbethinnerbeforelong.★dietn．日常饮食vi.节食★muttonn．羊肉★roastadj.烤制的vt.&vi.烤；烘；烘烤★fryvt.&vi.油煎；油炸★oughtto应当；应该★slimvi.变细；减肥adj.苗条的；纤细的★rawadj.生的；未加工的★getawaywith被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚★tellalie说谎★customern．顾客；消费者★discountn．折扣★win...back赢回；重新获得★digestvi.&vt.消化n．摘要；概要★carrotn．胡萝卜★debtn．债；债务indebt欠债★glarevi.怒目而视；闪耀n．怒视；炫目的光★spyon暗中监视；侦查★sighvi.叹息；叹气n．叹息；叹息声★binevt.&vi.(使)联合；(使)结合★cutdown削减；删节★beforelong不久以后★putonweight增加体重★balanceddiet平衡膳食★hostessn．女主人；女主持人★weaknessn．缺点；虚弱；弱点一、重点单词需牢记1.balancevt.平衡；权衡n．天平；平衡；余额keepabalance保持平衡keep/loseone'sbalance保持/失去某人的平衡balance(sth.)onsth.使……在……上保持平衡balanceAwith/andB保持A和B平衡Westudentsmusttrytokeepabalancebetweenstudyandrelaxation.我们学生必须努力在学习和娱乐上保持平衡。balanceddiet平衡膳食2.curiosityn．好奇心havecuriositytodosth.有做某事的好奇心satisfyone'scuriosity满足某人的好奇心showcuriosityaboutsth.对某物表现出好奇outofcuriosity出于好奇becuriousaboutsth.对……好奇becurioustodosth.对做某事感兴趣/好奇becuriousthat＋从句奇怪的是……Childrenshowcuriosityabouteverything.儿童对一切事都显示出好奇心。Astudentshouldalwaysbecurioustolearn.学生应该总有求知欲。3.discountn．折扣v．打折atadiscount以折扣价atadiscountof以……的折扣价Allthegoodsintheshoparebeingsoldatadiscountof50%.店内所有商品都是半价销售。Thestorediscountsallitsslow－sellinggoods.那个商店打折销售所有滞销货。Wecangiveyou(a)10%discountforcash.现金付款的话，我们可以给你打九折。4.strengthn．强项；长处；力量Hedoesn'thaveenoughstrengthtoliftthebox.strength意为“力气，力量”时是一个不可数名词；意为“长处，优势”时是一个可数名词。weakadj.虚弱的；脆弱的←→strongadj.强壮的；坚固的weaklyadv.虚弱地；脆弱地←→stronglyadv.强壮地；坚固地weakenv.削弱←→strengthenv.加强；增强weaknessn．弱点←→strengthn．优点strength，power与forcestrength用于身体时指力气力量；用于物体时指承受或抗拉的强度；也可指长处。power用于人体、机械或风时指可应用的能量，也可指电力、权力和能力。force用于爆炸、风暴或打击时指释放的能量及其对物体的冲击力；也可指暴力。5.consultvt.咨询；请教；商量consultsb.aboutsth.向某人请教或询问某事consultwithsb.(about/onsth.)(就某事)与某人商量consult...for...查阅(词典、参考书等)inconsultationwith与……商议Theoldmanwantedtoconsultthelawyer.那位老人想咨询律师。Youshouldn'thavedoneitwithoutconsultingwithme.你不该不和我商量就做这件事。consultantn．顾问consultationn．协商会；磋商会；商量；协商consultativeadj.咨询的；供咨询的6.limitvt.限制；限定n．界限；限度limitsb./sth.to...限制某人/某事到(某种程度)belimitedto局限于withinthelimitof在……范围内withoutlimit无限地，无限制地putalimiton...对……限制thereisalimitto...对……是有限的Thespeedlimitonthisroadis70mph.这条道路的车速限制是每小时70英里。limitedadj.有限的limitlessadj.无限制的7.benefitn．利益；好处vt.&vi.有益于；有助于；受益beofgreatbenefitto＝beverybeneficialto对……有益forthebenefitof＝forsb.'sbenefit为了……的利益benefitfrom/by从……中受益Therainbenefitstheplants.＝Theplantsbenefitfromtherain.这场雨有益于植物。Thisdictionarywillbeofgreatbenefittome.这本字典将对我有很大的好处。beneficialadj.有益的；受益的bebeneficialto...对……有用/有好处/有益Agooddietisbeneficialtoone'shealth.良好的饮食有益于人的身体健康。8.binevt.&vi.(使)联合；(使)结合bine...with...把……和……结合起来bebinedwith...与……结合Weconsideritnecessaryandimportanttobinetheorywithpractice.我们认为理论联系实践是必要的，也是重要的。Thepursuitofknowledgeshouldbebinedwithwisdom.知识的追求应与智慧相结合。binationn．结合；联合；化合(物)abinationof...一种……的结合(物)inbinationwith与……联合起来 二、重点短语需精通1.loseweight体重减轻；减肥Shehasbeentakingexercisestoloseweightfromdaytoday.她已经通过每天锻炼来减肥了。putonweight增加体重gainweight增加体重byweight按重量算2.getawaywith被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚Ifyoucheatintheexamyou'llnevergetawaywithit.考试作弊，必予追究。Nobodygetsawaywithinsultingmelikethat.这样侮辱我的人，我是不会放过的。getawayfrom脱身；摆脱某人getsth.across(tosb.)把……讲清楚getthroughsth.用完；顺利通过(考试)getoversth.克服；控制；从疾病(震惊等)恢复常态getalong/on(well)with进展；与……相处(好)getsb.down(使某人)沮丧getdownto开始，着手3.indebt欠债get/runintodebt负债indebttosb.＝inone'sdebt欠某人的债；受某人的恩惠outofdebt还清债务runuphugedebts高筑债台 payoffone'sdebts还清债务I'mheavilyindebtatthemoment,buthopetobeoutofdebtwhenIgetpaid.现在我欠债很多，但希望发工资后能付清。TheyareinheavydebttotheBankofChina.他们欠中国银行很多钱。4.cutdown减少，缩减；砍倒；改小或缩短(衣服等)Inthiswaytheycutdownthefatandincreasedthefiberinthemeal.通过这种方式，他们在食物中减少脂肪提高纤维的含量。Toomanytreeshavebeencutdowninrecentyears.近几年太多的树被砍伐。③如果你还有话要说，请简短些。Ifyouhaveanythingmoretosay,please__cut__it__short__.④她父亲的去世使她心碎。Shewas__cut__up__aboutherfather'sdeath.⑤中国西部煤炭业已经减至以往的一半。ThecoalindustryinwesternChinahasbeen__cut__down__tohalfitsformersize.Wemightcutthebookdowntoalittlemorethanahundredpages.我们可以把这本书缩短到一百页多一点。Mymothercutdownfather'strouserstofitme.我妈妈把我父亲的裤子改小给我穿。cutoff切断；中断cutacross取捷径；走近道cutout删除；阻挡cutin插嘴；插队cutshort停止；缩短cutup切碎 三、重点句式能熟用1.Nothingcouldbebetter.没有什么比这更好的了。此句中用比较级的否定形式表示最高级的含义。NobodylovesyoumorethanIdo.没有比我更爱你的人了。I'veneverheardamorebeautifulvoice.我从没有听过比这更动听的声音。2.Hecouldn'thaveYongHuigettingawaywithtellingpeoplelies.他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉。havesb./sth.doingsth.使某人或某物一直做某事或容忍某人或某物总是做……Hewon'thavehisdaughterarrivinghomelate.他不容许女儿晚回家。havesb./sth.dosth.使某人或某物做某事(注意不要在do之前加上to)havesb./sth.done让某人做某事；(主语)遭受……3.IwishIcouldseethingsclearlyinthedark.我希望我能在黑暗中看清事物。“wish＋宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could＋动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”或“could(should)＋have＋过去分词”。IwishIhadtakenyouradvicelastweek.我上周要是听了你的建议就好了。 四、话题写作多积累训练十二：写广告广告是商品销售的一种宣传方式，目的是使消费者对某种商品产生兴趣，从而说服和诱导消费者产生消费行为的一种手段。一则广告大致包括标题、正文、口号和随文四个部分。但不是每则广告都必须同时具有以上四个元素。1．广告的标题是广告中最重要的部分。它起着引起读者的好奇心、吸引读者注意力的作用。广告标题常用以下几种表达方式：(1)开门见山，直击主题。例如：Maxwelltookanewname.麦氏改名了。(麦氏咖啡)(2)设置悬念，引起人们的好奇心。例如：Mom,I'mnotonpurpose.妈妈，我不是故意的。(德国大众轿车)(3)采用对比手法，突出优越性。例如：Welead.Otherscopy.我们领先，他人仿效。(理光复印机)2．广告正文进一步对广告标题进行阐述和证实。创作正文时应尽量做到：(1)使用口语化的、简洁明了的文字。(2)使用较短的单词和句子，祈使句和一般疑问句在广告中出现的频率很高。3．广告口号的目的是便于人们重复、记忆和二次传播，因而必须将之压缩成口号语句。例如：Justdoit.只管去做。(耐克运动鞋)TakeTOSHIBA,taketheworld.拥有东芝，拥有世界。(东芝电子)4．随文又叫附文，是传达企业名称、地址、购买商品的方法等附加性广告信息的语言文字，一般出现在广告的结尾位置。例如：redbull 【例1】用balance的适当形式填空①Igraspedthesideofmychair,raisedmyselfupwithmyarmsandgrabbedthetwometalstickswhichkeepme__balanced__asIstoodtotakehishand.②Thegoalofeducationistohelpchildrenbee__balanced__androundedhumanbeings.③Ifoundithard__to__balance__ontheicypath.【例2】(1)使用恰当的介词填空①Peoplehavealwaysbeencurious__about__howlivingthingsontheearthexactlybegan.②Heopenedtheboxout__of__curiosity.(2)用curious的适当形式填空①Hehasstrong__curiosity__toknowwhat'sgoingon.②Lizpickeduptheblueenvelopeandturneditover__curiously__.③Don'tbetoo__curious__aboutthingsyouarenotsupposedtoknow.【例3】用discount的相关短语完成句子①Youcan__discount__what__Jack__said__(杰克的话你不必当真),becauseheoftentellslies.②Wecannot__discount__the__possibility__of__(漠视……可能性)furtherstrikes.③Mymotherboughtanewskirtforme__at__a__discount__yesterday.【例4】(1)用strong的适当形式填空①Thegovernmentdecidedtotakesomemeasuresto__strengthen__theeconomy.②Inordertoworkbetterinthefuture,eachofusmustfirstofallknowour__strengths__andweaknesses.(2)根据句意用strength，power，force的适当形式填空①Iwilldoeverythinginmy__power__tohelpyou.②Wecanusethe__power__ofthewindtomakeelectricity.③Heusedallhis__strength__tolifttheheavybox.④Thesoldierstooktheprisonersawayby__force__.【例5】使用恰当的介词填空①Thepresidenthadconsulted__with__Europeanleaders__before__takingaction.②Anumberofstudentsareconsultingtheirteacher__about__theresult__of__theexam.③Iconsultedadoctor__about__mypains,whichtroubledmeforalongtime.referto和consult都可作“查阅(词典、参考书等)”讲，表此意时两词可以互换。lookup意为“(在词典、时刻表等中)查找……”。【例6】用limit相关短语的适当形式填空①One'senergyis__limited__．②__There's__no__limit__to__(没有止境)whatyoucandoifyoutry.③Wemust__limit__ourweeklyexpenditure__to__tenpounds.④Ourlifehas__a__limit,__butknowledgeis__without__limit．⑤Thepolicychallengeis__to__limit__thispricerise.【例7】(1)使用恰当的介词填空①Ihavetypedoutsomelecturenotes__for__thebenefitofthosepeoplewhowereabsentlastweek.②It'ssaidthatyogais__of__greatbenefittohumanhealth.(2)用benefit或其短语的适当形式填空①Thenewhighwaywill__benefit__thevillagers.②Hewill__benefit__from__thenewwayofstudying.③Thewarningsignwasputthere__for__the__benefit__of__thepublic.【例8】完成句子如果你的知识在某一些方面和我的经验结合起来，我们肯定会成功的。Ifyourknowledgecan__be__bined__with__myexperienceinsomeway,wearesuretosucceed.bine指两个或两个以上的人或物结合在一起。connect指两事物在某一点相连接，但彼此保持独立。join侧重把原来不相连接的事物紧密地连接在一起，但仍可再分开。【例1】用适当的冠词填空Bananasareusuallysoldby__不填__weightwhileeggsarealwayssoldby__the__dozen.by后加具体单位时需加定冠词the，加总称时不加冠词。【例2】用get的相关短语填空①Tomysurprise,thebabywolf__got__on__well__with__thedogsandthenmanagedtosurvive.②Sheneverarrivesontimeattheoffice,butshesomehowmanagedto____get__away__with__it.③Well,stopchatting.It'stimewe__get__down__to__someseriouswork.④Thenewswasaterribleblowtoher,butshewill__get__over__theshocksoon.【例3】用debt相关短语的适当填空①He__ran/got__into__debt__afterhewasoutofwork.②Hedidallhecouldto__pay__off__his__debts__infiveyears.③Hewas__in__debt__whenhewasyoung,buthasbeen__out__of__debt__sincehegotrich.④Yousavedmylife；Iamforever__in__your__debt__.【例4】用cut相关短语完成句子①如果我们抄近路从田里走可以赢得时间。Wecangaintimeifwe__cut__across__thisfield.②你最好把那个句子删掉。Youhadbetter__cut__out__thatsentence.【例1】完成句子①他从来没有看过一部更令人激动的电影了。Hehadneverwatched__a__more__excitingmovie.②一个人为朋友而放弃生命展现了最伟大的爱。Thereis__no__greater__lovethanthatofamanwholaysdownhislifeforhisfriends.【例2】用所给单词的适当形式填空①Ihadhim__waiting__(wait)atthegatefromeighto'clockthismorningtillnow.②I'llhavehim__finish__(finish)mywork.③Ihadmyhair__cut__(cut)．④Thewomanhadherhandbag__robbed__(rob)yesterday.⑤Theboyhadhisleg__broken__(break)yesterdaybecauseofaserioustrafficaccident.【例3】完成句子①要是全年都是春天就好了。Iwishit__were__springalltheyearround.②要是我早知道答案就好了。IwishI__had__known__theanswerearlier.③要是我像一只鸟一样会飞就好了。IwishI__could__fly__likeabird.(2018届福建厦门模拟)福建旅馆位于福建武夷山下，每天有多班公交车经过。该旅馆有六层，120间客房。客房每天24小时供应热水，有电视、空调、和电脑。单人房每晚120元，双人房每晚180元。如有需要，可随时拨打客服400－60808880。要求：1．行文需要包括提示中的所有内容；2．行文流畅，过渡自然；3．字数120左右。WeletoFujianHotelFujianHotelislocatedatthefootofthefamousMountWuyiinFujianProvince.Surroundedbybeautifulscenery,itisagoodplaceforyoutohavearest.Besides,itisconvenientforyoutogettothefamousscenicspotsfromherebecausetherearemanybusesnearby.Ourhotelisasix－storybuildingwith120rooms.Eachroomeswith24－hourhotwatereveryday,aTVset,anairconditioner,atelephoneandaputer.Ourcustomerservicenumberis400－60808880whichyoucancallatanytime.Asfortheprice,asingleroomcosts120yuananight,andadoubleroomis180yuananight.Bestservice.Bestchoice.Allthestafflookforwardtoyourvisit.1.语言简单凝练，还要有吸引力甚至煽动力；2.要从顾客的需要入手，吸引顾客的眼球。考向在补全短文中考查“饮食健康”话题(2016全国卷Ⅲ)Everyoneknowsthatfishisgoodforhealth.__1__Butitseemsthatmanypeopledon'tcookfishathome.Americanseatonlyaboutfifteenpoundsoffishperpersonperyear,butweeattwiceasmuchfishinrestaurantsasathome.Buying,storing,andcookingfishisn'tdifficult.__2__Thistextisabouthowtobuyandcookfishinaneasyway.__3__Freshfishshouldsmellsweet:youshouldfeelthatyou'restandingattheocean'sedge.Anyfishyorstrongsmellmeansthefishisn'tfresh.__4__Whenyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,you'dbetterstorethefishintherefrigeratorifyoudon'tcookitimmediately,butfreshfishshouldbestoredinyourfridgeforonlyadayortwo.Frozenfishisn'tastastyasthefreshone.Therearemanymonmethodsusedtocookfish.__5__First,leanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices(调料)．Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepound.(Alargeronewilltakemoretime.)Then,it'sreadytoserve.A.Donotbuyit.B.Theeasiestistosteamit.C.Thisishowyoucandoit. D.Itjustrequiresalittleknowledge.E.Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.F.Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.G.Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了一些买鱼和烧鱼的常识。1.G考查上下文的衔接。第一段第一句话Everyoneknowsthatfishisgoodforhealth.是对文章的概括，而本空后的But表示的是转折关系，说明这是对前一句话的解释，G项中的“鱼的脂肪有助于预防心脏病”符合语境。2.D考查上下文的衔接。根据本空前一句话可知，购买、存放和烧鱼并非难事；再根据后一句话可知，文章主要介绍了买鱼和烧鱼的简单常识，D项“这仅需要一点点知识”。符合语境。3.F考查上下文的衔接。根据Freshfishshouldsmellsweet可知，本段讲的是买鱼的时候要闻一下鱼的气味。4.A考查上下文的衔接。根据上一句Anyfishyorstrongsmellmeansthefishisn'tfresh可知，带有强烈气味的鱼都是不新鲜的，不应该买这样的鱼。5.B考查上下文的衔接。根据“Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampot”可知，本段介绍的是蒸鱼的方法。计策1：了解与本话题相关的语篇计策2：“瞻前顾后”找线索计策3：边读边做各个问题附近的句子都需要重点阅读，圈画一些线索出来，再从选项中寻找相关的特征词用来判断正确答案。带入排除法也是一种很好的方法。另外，如果发现有一题拿不准的，先跳过，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应该基本就能清楚了。然后再回过去做之前不确定的题目。一、词汇拓展1.dietn．日常饮食vi.节食→__dieter__n．节食者；减肥者2.beann．豆；豆科植物→__bean__curd__n．豆腐→__bean__family__豆科3.pean．豌豆→__peacock__n．孔雀→__peanut__n．花生4.balancevt.平衡；权衡n．天平；平衡→__balanced__adj.平衡的5.roastadj.烤制的vt.&vi.烤；烘；烘烤→__roaster__n．炙烤的人；红烧烤炉，烘烤器6.curiousadj.好奇的→__curiosity__n．好奇心7.hostn．主人；东道主v.作……主人→__hostess__n．女主人；女主持人8.weakadj.虚弱的→__weakness__n．缺点；虚弱；弱点9.strongadj.强壮的→__strength__n．强项；长处；力量→__strengthen__v.加强，变坚固10.consultvt.咨询；请教；商量→__consultant__n．顾问，商议者→__consultation__n．咨询11.digestvi.&vt.消化n．摘要；概要→__digestion__n．消化力；领悟12.limitvt.限制；限定n．界限；限度→__limited__adj.有限的13.benefitn．利益；好处vt.&vi.有益于；有助于；受益→__beneficial__adj.有益的；有帮助的14.binevt.&vi.(使)联合；(使)结合→__bination__n．结合；团体二、单句语法填空1.Theboyhadburning__curiosity__(curious)aboutwhatwasgoingon.2.Freshairis__beneficial__(benefit)toone'shealth. 3.Mikewasthe__strongest__(strength)boyinhisclass.4.It'simportanttoknowyourownstrengthsand__weaknesses__(weak)．5.Vegetablesareusuallycookedtoaid__digestion__(digest)．6.Sherose,__glaring__(glare)attherudewaiter.7.Hisknowledgeofhistoryisrather__limited__(limit).8.She__sighed__(sigh)overherunhappyfate.9.Mushroomsarebestwhen__fried__(fry)inoliveoil.10.Weaimtooffergoodvalueandservicetoallour__customers__(customer).三、用短语的适当形式填空win...back,getawaywith,spyon,tellalie,loseweight,atadiscount,indebt,putonweight,earnone'sliving,cutdown,oughtto1．Theyweresellingeverything__at__a__discount__.2.WatchFrank—he'llcheatifhethinkshecan__get__away__with__it.3.I__told__a__lie__toheraboutwhatIwasdoing.4.Heworkedhardand__won__back__hisjob.5.Thepoormanhadto__earn__his__living__bywriting.6.I'm__in__debt__tohimforallhisassistancetome.7.He__put__on__weight__whenhewasatuniversity.Heisnowonadiet.8.Ifyouspendmorethanyourine,canyoutryto__cut__down__?9.Ifyou__spy__on__someone,youwatchthemsecretly.10.You__ought__to__studyhardtogetahighmark.四、句型转换1．Iwenttothelibraryafewdaysagotocheckoutsomechildren'sbooks.Iwenttothelibrary__the__other__day__tocheckoutsomechildren'sbooks.2.Asanengineer,youcanmakealivinganywhereintheworld.Asanengineer,youcan__earn__a__living__anywhereintheworld.3.LillyjustlookedatmeangrilywhenIaskedherwhatwaswrong.Lillyjust__glared__at__me__whenIaskedherwhatwaswrong.4.Modernandtraditionalteachingmethodsworktogetherattheschool.Modernandtraditionalteachingmethods__are__bined__attheschool.5.Ihopetohearfromyouinashorttime.Ihopetohearfromyou__before__long__．五、课文回顾WangPengandYongHuiareco