2024年山东省淄博市高三一模卷英语试题及答案

秘密★启用前试卷类型：A淄博市2023-2024学年度高三模拟考试英语20243月注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上，并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力，试卷从第二部分开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点除黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AGoodeveningeveryone!Ihopetopickyourbrainonpotentialadvertisingstrategiesandgainingnewcustomersformyboyfriend'scarrepairshop.Hehasbeenbusinessfor3yearsandisfairlysuccessful,butwearetryingtoincreasethenumberofchargeablehours.Whilehewasdoingrepairwork,Itookoveralltheadministrativeduties.firstthingonmyto-dolistwastogethimonsocialmedia.Iwasflooredthathehadnosocialmediapresence,whichisnotsurprisingconsideringheisoldschool.Now,hehasabusinessFacebookpageandanInstagramaccount,althoughitmaynotbeworthmuchyet.Weareworkingaweekly“feature”forbothplatformsordercreatesomeinterest.微信公众号IAIEnglishHedoesn'twantdocoupons(优惠券)ordiscountsoranythinglikethat,andIunderstandwhy.laborrateisalreadysignificantlylowerthananyoneelseinarea,andhisoverallcostsareloweraswell.ThisiswhereIamabitlost——howcanweeffectivelyattractmorecustomerswithoutahook?Myguesswouldbefocusingonthevalue,butI'mnotsurehowwellthatwillworkout.Weareconsideringsendingpostcardsaswellsincehealreadycooperateswithafewlocalshopssendtheirlargejobstohimandsuch.However,IamunsureaboutFacebookmarketing,butdefinitelyopen.1.Whatwasscheduledfirsttopromotebusiness?A.Workingoutaweeklyfeature.C.Establishinghispresenceonline.B.Increasingchargeablehours.D.Visitinghisoldschool.2.Howmighttheyattractnewclients?A.Byraisinglaborrates.B.offeringdiscountsandcoupons.D.Byhighlightingthevalueofservices.C.cuttingoverallcosts.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toofferinformation.C.Toshowadvantages.B.Toseekadvice.D.Tofindcooperation.BTherewasnowayescapewhentheyspottedapolarbear.VerenaMohauptandahandfulofcolleaguesweretrappedonafloatingseaicewhilethebeargazedatthem,smellingtheair,adangeroussign.“That'swheneverythingkicksin,”Mohauptsays,“andyoufocusonwhat'simportant.”Asacolleaguefiredintotheskyasawarningshot,Mohauptradioedtheirresearchshipafewkilometresaway,whosehelicopterluckilyarrivedquicklyandMohauptdidn'thavetousethegunthatwashangingoverhershoulder.KeepingalookoutforbearswasaregulardutyforMohaupt,thelogisticscoordinator(后勤协调员)forayear-longmissionknownastheMOSAiC——thelargestArcticresearchexplorationhistory.project,consistingofroughly300scientists,ledbyscientistMarkusRex,hascollectedmassivemeasurementsthatwillhelpbetterforecasthowwarmingwilltransformtheglobethecomingdecades.Formonths,theexplorationoperatedinconstantdarknesswhilepolarbearswanderednearby,stormsrockedtheshipandtheiceshiftedandcracked.Then,theSunreturned,theicebeganmelt,creatingalife-threateningriskandanightmareforresearchersneededkeeptheirinstrumentsfromsinking.Taskedwiththesecurityofthemission,Mohauptdesignedanextensivetrainingcoursefortheparticipantsinwhichtheylearnthowavoidthedanger,likestorm-rockingandice-cracking.TheyjumpedintoaNorwegianchannelintheirsurvivalsuitsandclimbedoutofthefreezingwatersusingonlytheiricepicks.Theylearnthowtoescapefromacrashedhelicopter.theydiscussedthepsychologicaleffectsofbeingfarfromhome.Mohauptbroughtknittingequipment,yogamatsandaviolinfortheirmentalhealth——althoughhavingbeenpreparedtheisolation.Mohauptdidn'texpectacareerinpolarregions,butsaysshehasalwaysbeendrawntothenorth.“Shewastheretomakesurethatwewereprotected,”saysMarkusRex,“Mohauptiscertainlythechampioninthefield.”4.Whydoestheauthormentionapolarbearinthebeginning?A.Toshowthethreatofbears.B.Totellaninterestingstory.C.TointroduceMohaupt'sjob.5.Whatcanknowfromparagraph3?D.describethepolarscenery.A.Theworkingconditionsweretough.B.Mohaupthelpedtocollectmassivedata.D.Mohaupt'sdutywasprotectpolarbears.C.Theexplorationwentonintotaldarkness.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMohaupt?A.Ambitiousandbrave.Passionateanddependent.C.Considerateandmodest.7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?D.Professionalandresponsible.A.APotentialDangerintheExploration.AGuardianAngelofPolarResearchers.C.AGreatScientificExplorationinHistory.D.AGreatFemaleScientistinPolarResearch.CChancesareyou'veheardthephrase“likeamothaflame”——andprobablyseenitinactionanighttimefireorbarbecue,too.Itturnsout,however,thisage-oldsayingnotbequiteright.Ratherthanbeingattractedlight,moths’tendencyflytowardbrightnessisabehavioralresponsetohelpthemdeterminewhichisup,suggestsanewstudypublishedinthejournalNatureCommunications.Toavoidfallingdowntoground,insectsneedknowwhichwayisup,saysstudycoauthorSondhi,aNationalGeographicExplorer.Withoutsystemsmaintainspatial(空间的)orientation,thebrightnessofthesky,evenatnight,hasalwaysbeenastrongindicatorof“up”——untilartificiallightscamealong.Iftheymessthatup,theystartplummeting.Sondhiandateamofresearcherssetupexperimentsinvestigatehowdifferentlightsinfluenceflightbehavior.First,theresearcherssuspendedalightbulbfromaropebetweentwotrees——resemblingatypicaldownward-pointinglightandaseparatetest,theyturnedthelightupwardbymountingitonatripod(三脚架).Inbothcases,insectsleanedtheirwingedbackstothebulb.Butthelightpointedup,theinsectsoftenbumpedtotheground.Whatifthelightisspreadoverawidearea?TheresearchersstretchedalargewhitesheetacrossthetreeandprojectedaUVlightonit.Iftheinsectsweretruly“attracted”tothelight,theyshoulduptowardit.Instead,theinsectscruised(巡航)straightthroughthisilluminatedcorridor,flyinghowtheywouldduringday.Theteamthenplacedthesheetonthegroundandshinedthelightonit,whichiswhensomethingtrulyoddhappened:Allthesemothsflyingoverturnedupsidedownandcrashedoutofthesky.Directionalityoflightahugefactorinthepatternwehaveseen,notjustbrightnessorcolor.“Artificiallightsmaycauseamismatchbetweentheinsect'ssenseofwhichwayisupandtruedirectionofgravity,whichspellstroubleinsectspopulation.”saysSondhi.8.Whatcaninferredabout“likeamothaflame”inthenewstudy?A.Amothisgenerallyattractedbyaflame.C.Brightnessindicatesupforamoth.B.Artificiallightsarevaluableamoth.D.Amothhasasenseofdirection.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plummeting”inparagraph2mean?A.Crashing.B.Speeding.C.Freezing.D.Suspending.10.Whatlightsinfluenceinsectsmostintheexperiments?A.UVlightsonthetree.B.Upward-pointinglights.C.Downward-pointinglights.D.Lightsofdifferentcolors.11.WhatisSondhi'sattitudetowardartificiallights?A.Concerned.B.Dismissive.C.Doubtful.D.Neutral.DWouldyouratherwatchanewmovie,oranoldfavorite?Wouldrathertryadishyou'veneverhadarestaurant,orstickwithsomethingyouknowyou'lllike?Researchersstudyingthe“mereexposureeffect”havefoundthatweoftenpreferthefamiliaroverthenovel.Peopledidn'tneedtoexperiencearewardorpositiveoutcomewhilearoundtheobject—simplybeingexposedtotheobjectwouldbeenoughtomakepeoplelikeit.testthis,socialpsychologistRobertZajonchadparticipantsreadwordsaforeignlanguageoutloudandvariedoftenparticipantsreadeachword(upto25repetitions).Next,afterreadingthewords,participantsaskedguessatthemeaningofeachwordbyfillingoutaratingscale(indicatinghowpositiveornegativetheythoughtthemeaningofthewordwas).Hefoundthatparticipantslikedwordsthattheyhadsaidmoreoften,whilewordsthatparticipantshadn'treadatallwereratedmorenegatively,andwordsthathadbeenread25timeswereratedhighest.Justthemereexposurethewasenoughtomakeparticipantslikemore.Oneplacewherethereexposureeffectoccursisadvertising.Itexplainsseeingthesameadvertisementmultipletimescouldbemoreconvincingthanjustseeingitonce.Ofcourse,there'sacautionhere:themereexposureeffectdoesn'thappenforthingsweinitiallydislike.Researchershavefoundthatourlikingforavarietyofthings(includingpictures,sounds,foods,andsmells)canbeincreasedwithrepeatedexposure,suggestingthatthemereexposureeffectisn'tlimitedtojustoneofoursenses.Additionally,researchershavefoundthatthemereexposureeffectoccursinstudieswithhumanresearchparticipantsaswellasstudieswithnon-humananimals.Anotherkeyfindingfromthisanalysisthatparticipantseventuallystartedlikeobjectslessafterrepeatedexposures.Inotherwords,asmallernumberofrepeatedexposureswillmakeyoulikesomethingmore——but,iftherepeatedexposurescontinue,youcouldeventuallygettiredofit.12.WhatisthekeyfactorinRobertZajonc'stest?A.Frequency.B.Preference.C.Originality.D.Achievement.13.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofmereexposureeffect?A.Wefavoradvertisementatthefirstsight.C.Wearemoreconvincedofwhatwemetbefore.Astudentjoinedinclubbecauseoflove.D.AstudentreadasmanyEnglishwordsaspossible.14.Whatcanwelearnabout“mereexposureeffect”accordingtoparagraph4?A.Itistheresultofadvertising.B.Ithasnothingtodowithanimals.D.Itcanbeappliedmultiplesenses.C.Itistrueofwhatwedislikeatfirst.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Morelovebecauseofmoreexposures.C.Betterresultsfromtheearlierexposures.B.studyonmeexposureeffect.D.Theapplicationofmereexposureeffect.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5,满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThePowerofPeersDobirdsofafeatherreallyflocktogether?Peopledotendtochoosefriendswhosimilartothem.Manybehaviorsspreadsocially.Activitiesincertainbrainareaschangeotherpeoplearearound.16Youcanusethepowerofsocialrelationshipstogainhealthierhabits——andmotivateotherstodothesame.17Teensareespeciallyresponsivepeerinfluence.Atthesametime,therewardsystemtheteenbrainbecomesextrasensitive.Teensarejustlearningtoexplorethesocialworld.Understandingotherpeople'svaluesandbeinginfluencedbythemimportantpartsofsocializing.Aresearchshowsthatevenjusthavinganotherpeeraroundcanchangetherewardresponsethebrainandalsotherisk-takingtendenciesofteenagers.Somepeopleseemtobemoreeasilyinfluencedthanothersandmoresensitivetofeelingincludedorexcludedbyothers.18Butit'salsoatimethatpeerinfluencecanhelpteensthriveifitgetsthemmoreinvolvedwiththeircommunityorhelpsthemlearnbehaviorstogetalongwithothers.It'sthequalityoffriendships——notquantitythatreallymakesthedifference.Friendshipsyoufeelyouwanttoletgoofmaybelowquality.19Highqualityfriendshipsprovideunderstanding,support,andrecognitionofyourself-worth.Thesetypesoffriendshipsaremoresteadyandsatisfying.Spendingwithfriendscanbeespeciallyhelpfulforpeople.Noticingthatourbehaviorisinfluencedbyotherpeople,wecanbeintentionalandtrytofocusonthepeoplewhoaredoingthethingswewanttogetintoourselves.20A.Adolescenceissuchariskyperiod,B.Thatcanaffectwhatyouchoosetodo.C.Peerpressurecansometimesleadtocompetition.D.Peoplecareaboutwhatothersthinkacrossalldifferentagegroups.E.Theyarelinkedpooracademicperformanceandbehavioralissues.F.Sharingyourhealthyhabitscouldalsomakearealdifferenceothers.G.Thenumberoffriendsyouhavedeterminesyourlevelofsocialinfluence.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MatthewWeihmuller,ablindjazzinstructor,hasbeenteachingpeopleofdifferentabilitiesinTampafor10years.Hehas21performanceusinghisdisabilityasateachingtool.ofhisteachingmethodsistotakeawayofthefive,requiringperformersleanmoreheavilyonothers.“SomethingthatIdois23thelights.Theyhavetolistenand24theirinstrumentwiththeirfingersandhands.Inthisway,thestudentsthematerialbetterinthedark,”explainedWeihmuller.BeingblindhasneverstoppedWeihmullerfromseekinghis26formusic.Whenhestartedplaying,he27braille(布莱叶盲文)sheetmusic,andpieceswouldtakemonths,evenyearstolearn.,professionalswerecapableofprovidingthismusicthen,sohe29to“braille”hisown,allthethroughcollege.Andhis30paidoff.Hisnotbeingabletoseeandreadtraditionalsheetsofmusichasallowedhim31hisothersenses,whichisoneofthemain32he'stalentedplayingjazzmusicandthe33thatcomeswithit.Asaneducatorwithblindness,Weihmuller34turninganydisadvantageintoanadvantage.Hehopesthathecanothersdealwiththeirbarriersandchallengesthesamewaythathehas.whentheyleavehisclassroomthey'renotonlybettermusiciansbutbetterpeople.21.A.independent22.A.skillsB.outstandingB.chancesB.putawayB.searchC.entertainingC.responsibilitiesC.turnoffC.studyD.ordinaryD.sensesD.breakupD.perform23.A.takeover24.A.feel25.A.enjoyB.realizeC.recognizeC.spiritD.learn26.A.courage27.A.afforded28.A.Moreover29.A.happened30.A.services31.A.refuseB.passionB.recommendedB.InsteadB.refusedB.effortsD.concerndemandedD.presentedD.OtherwiseC.MeanwhileC.failedD.managedD.beliefspromisesC.perfectB.abandonB.resultsD.completeD.purposes32.A.reasonsC.functions33.A.inventionB.revolutionintroductionD.innovationD.imaginesD.persuade34.A.regrets35.A.amuseemphasizesB.allowC.ignoresC.inspire第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Associalmediahasskyrocketedinpopularitythepastyears,(it)lightning-fastdevelopmenthascausedpublicconcern.Overusingmayleadmanyseriousproblems,suchmentalhealthproblems,37(reduce)learningtimeandpoorinterpersonalquality.andmorekidsofallagesareexperiencingunease,anxietyandevendepressionifthey'reseparatedfromtheirphones.YouTubeboasts()many“funny”videosofkidslosingtheirtemperwhenscreens38(take)away.it'simportantkeepabalancebetweenourlifeonthescreen39thatintherealworld.TryingtheseunpluggedDosmayhelp.First,setascheduletoputadults,teensandkidsbacktogetherwithfamily,friendsandneighborsperson.cantryboardgamesinsteadofvideogames.Second,getoutside41(regular)dohide-and-seek,plantagarden,orjustsitandwatchthebirds.42(build)ourrelationshipwithnatureincreasesourpeace,positivityandwell-being,43bringsmuchbenefit.Third,getoffthechairorsofatowalk,bike,stretchanddance!Remindyourbodyitcanmoveintoother(position)besides“LookingatScreen”.Last,practicemindfulnessandacceptance.Mindfulnessistheactofpayingattentionthepresentmoment,withoutjudgment.Acceptanceincreasespeacewithinus,unlikesocialmediainteraction,which45(promote)self-judgmentandother-judgment.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)学校英语俱乐部正在举办线上论坛。本期主题是Einstein的名“Trynottobecomeaofsuccess,butrathertrytobecomeamanofvalue.”。请你用英语写一篇短文参与网上发帖活动,内容包括:1.解释这句话的含义；2.给合事例谈一下你的理解。注意:1.写作词数应为802.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Beingapersonofvalue第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwastheseconddayIleftmylovelyhometownthecitytolivewithmygrandfather,takingmethesupermarketforthefirsttime.“Iforgot.You'veneverseenasupermarketbefore,haveyou?”Ishookhead,indicatingindifferencethesurroundings.“Imagineitlikethis,”Grandfathersaid,“Thisstore’sspeakingtoyou.Itistellingyousomeofthethingsthatyou'veneverlearned.”Ididnotunderstand.“Atradingpostaremotetownonlyshowsyouasmallpartoftheworld.Thisstorespeaksofaworldthatisaverybigplace.”“SoIshouldjustforgetroots,isthatit?”Angryandupset,Iwasexpressingmyreluctancetolivehere.“Absolutelynot.Carryitwithyou,thatyoumayfreelynavigateinbothworlds,bigandsmall.”Ignoringwordsfromhim,mygazefellonawomanselectingsomegreenapples.Ithoughtwhatifit'sabigworld,butI'dratherpurchasewhateverinatradingpostfortheyonlystockedonetypeofapples,leastallripe!Noticingtheexpressionsonmyface,Grandfatherchuckled.Hegracefullywalkedoverthetablewherethegreenappleswereandselectedhalfadozen.“You’llgetastomachacheifyouconsumegreenapples,”Isaid.Grandfatherappearedasthoughhewasgoinglaughagain,buthedidn't.Therewasnowordanymore.IfollowedhimwhileGrandfatherfilledthecartwithournecessities,encounteringnumerousnewitems.Iwasburningtoaskhimwhatthosestrangefoodswere,andwhattheirflavorsandoriginswere.However,IkeptitmymindthatIwassupposedtobeboredanduninterestedanything,thus,keepingsilentalltheway.Asweexitedthesupermarket,Grandfatherwassmilingasifheunderstoodsomeprivatejokes.Abouthalfwayback,hegesturedformetostop,