山东省潍坊市2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试《英语》试题（解析版）

第第页2023~2024学年上学期期中质量监测高一英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡相应位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Visitafamousplace. B.Drinksomewine. C.Trysomefood.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Seeyouintwoweeks,everybody.I’mofftoParistomorrow.Twoweeksofgoodfoodandfinewine.M:BesuretogouptheEiffelTowerwhileyou’rethere.Theviewisamazing.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Findaprivateroom. B.Leavethebuilding. C.Gotoatrainstation.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,sir,thisareaofthebuildingisprivate.Whereareyoutryingtogo?M:Oh,sorry.I’mtryingtogettothetrainstationwithoutleavingthisbuilding.W:Isee.You’llneedtogodownstairs.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenwilldinnerbeserved?A.At5:30pm. B.At6:00pm. C.At8:00pm.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Don’tgoout.Yourdinnerwillbereadyinhalfanhour.W:It’sonly5:30.Whyarewehavingitsoearly?M:Yourcousin’scomingat8:00p.m.andwedon’twanttobeeatingwhenhearrives.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Crazy. B.Surprised. C.Tired.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Oh,wow.Whatareallyoupeopledoinghere?W:Happybirthday,Tony.Comeinandjointheparty.M:Isthisforme?Youpeoplearecrazy.Ihadnoidea.Whoorganizedthis?5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Animals. B.Forests. C.Habits.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Sometimesweseewilddeerinthisforest.M:Theyprobablylikeitbecausetheycaneasilyhide.Ihaveseenrabbitsandmiceaswell.W:Ilikebiggeranimalsbetter,likehorses.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.Workingonherfarm.B.Offeringthemanajob.C.Askingthemantosellherhisland.7.Whendidthemanstarttoworkonthefarm?A.Attheageof18. B.Attheageof20. C.Attheageof28.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Myfamilyhaslivedonthisfarmforgenerations.There’snowaywecouldsellittoanyone.W:Iunderstand.Butmycompanyconsidersthisfarm’slocationveryvaluable.Here’sourofficialoffer.M:I’msorry.I’msureyourlanddevelopingcompanyhasbigplansforthisarea,butthisfarmismybirthplace,andI’veworkedheresinceIwaseighteenyearsold.Ithasbecomeapartofmylife.W:Noworries.Anyway,Mr.Jenkins,it’sbeenapleasure.Ourofferwillremainforthenexttenyears.Ifyouchangeyourmind,givemeacall.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Howmanyvoicemassageshavethewomanleft?A.One. B.Two. C.Three.9.Whatproblemdoesthewomanhave?A.Sheisalittledeaf.B.Shefailstocontactsomeone.C.Shesendsthewrongmessage.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Cleanherhouse. B.Visithergrandpa. C.Packthebooks.【答案】8.B9.B10.C【解析】【原文】W:IkeepcallingGrandpabuthedoesn’tanswer.I’velefttwovoicemessages.Iworryabouthimbeingalone.Ijustwanttomakesurehe’sOK.M:I’msurehe’sfine.He’sprobablybeenbusy,andheisalittledeaf.Whydon’tyoutrygoingtohishouse?It’snottoofarfromwhereyouwork.W:Goodidea,honey.IcouldtakebacktohimallthosebooksIborrowedfromhimaswell.M:Yes,thenyoucanfindouthowheisfeelingwithoutlettinghimknowyouareworriedabouthim.W:I’llgotomorrowafterwork.Ihavetogetthosebookstogetherandputthemintheboxunderthetablenow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.What’sthewoman’sfeelingoftheinterview?A.Confident. B.Calm. C.Upset.12.Whatproblemdoesthewomanthinkshehad?A.Sheansweredincorrectly.B.Shespoketoomuch.C.Shespenttoomuchtimepreparing.13.What’sthewoman’splanfortonight?A.Goingtobedearly.B.Havinganotherinterview.C.Seeingashowwithherfriend.【答案】11.C12.A13.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,howdidtheinterviewgo?W:Ididn’tgetit.M:Theytoldyouthatattheinterview?W:Notreally.M:Sohowdoyouknowyoudidn’tgetit?W:Ijustknow.Ismiledtoomuchanddidn’treallygettheanswersright,Ithink.M:I’msureyoudidfine.It’sjustinyourhead.Whydon’tyouwaitandseewhathappens?W:IwishIcouldbeascalmandconfidentasyou,butthisisthefifthinterviewI’vehadandanxietyisstartingtogettome.M:Whydon’twegoouttonight?There’sashowonat7:00p.m.W:Thanksfortryingtocheermeup,butIthinkI’mjustgoingtohaveanearlynight.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Thecomingmeeting.B.Thechangeoftheweather.C.Theman’sschedule.15.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Headmasterandsecretary.B.Husbandandwife.C.Doctorandpatient.16.Whatwillthemandoat3:00p.m.today?A.MeetJohnCarroll.B.Talktoscienceteachers.C.Pickuphissuit.17.Whatdoesthe,manprefertodrink?ATea. B.Water. C.Coffee.【答案】14.C15.A16.B17.C【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning,Mr.Conway.JohnCarrollrangthismorning.Youremember,Polly’sfather?M:Yes,Iremember.W:Heasksifhecanchangethetimeofhismeetingwithyoufromthisafternoonto8a.m.tomorrow.Also,GracefromtheParentTeacherAssociationwantstohaveawordwithyouaboutsomething.She’sleftanenvelopeonyourdesk-thebigbrownone.M:Iwonderwhatthat’sabout.W:Shedidn’tsay.M:Anyway,goodmorning,Karen.Yes,goaheadandmovethemeetingwithMr.Carrolltotomorrow.Then,couldyoumessageallthescienceteachers,andtellthemI’dliketotalktothemthisafternoon,sayabout3oclock?W:OK,Mr.Conway.Also,don’tforgetyouhaveaninterviewthismorning.Wouldyoulikesometeaorcoffeenow?M:Coffeewouldbegreat,Karen.W:Noproblem.M:Thankyou.Thatremindsme.Couldyoupleasecallmywifeandaskifmygreysuitisbackfromthedrycleaners?Ineedtowearittonight.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whathappenedwhenthespeakerwas10yearsold?A.Helosthisparents.B.Histoyswerestolen.C.Hisfather’sbusinessfailed.19.Whatisthespeaker’sjobprobably?A.Anactor. B.Aneducator. C.Abusinessman.20.Whoisthespeaker’sorganizationfor?A.Lessluckyparents. B.Poorchildren. C.Sickchildren.【答案】18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】WhenIwas10yearsold,mydadwentbrokeandlosthisbusiness.Irememberenteringourhouse,andallthefurniturewasgone,thecarhadgone-evenmytoyshadgone.Ononeawfuldayitseemedlikemywholelifehadchanged.Someyearslater,myparentstookmetoapark,whereIsawsomechildrenwithnoparentsandnohomestogoto.Thatmadeabigimpression.WhenmysecondmoviewasahitaroundtheworldandIwassuddenlyaninternationalstar,Idecidedtoestablishacharityorganizationforpoorchildren,andI‘vedonatedhalftheprofitfrommylasttwofilmstoit.Thecharity’saimistoprovidefoodandhigh-qualityeducationforchildrenhereandthroughouttheworld.Sofar,we’vehelpedmorethan5000kidsandwehopetohelpmanymore.Ladiesandgentlemen,1trulybelieveitisthedutyofsuccessfulpeopletohelpthosewhoarelesslucky.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABrightonisoneofthemostuntraditionalcitiesintheUK.HerearefourofthebestthingstodoinBrighton.Gotooneofthecity'sold-styledbars(酒吧)Whateveryou’reinBrightonfor,checkingouttheold-styledbarsisamust-dowhileyou’rethere.TheplacetostartistheTwistedLemon'scocktailhour.Thoughthebaritselfissmall,themenuisnot,withpagesandpagesofaward-winningcocktails.Itisagreatplaceforconversationoversomedrinks.FindabargainintheNorthLaineThebestoftheNorthLaineisSnoopersParadise.Itisaflea(跳蚤)marketwithover90uniquesellers,sellingeverythingfromshoestobeautifulTiffanylamps.It'salmostimpossibletowalkoutwithoutbuyingsomethingorwithouthavingspentanhourinthere.ExploreKemptownIfyou'relookingtoexperiencethe“bohemian”styleBrightonisfamousfor,Kemptownistheplace.KemptownBookshopisagreatplacetofindanynewbookyouneedinaquiet,friendlyshop.Atnighttheareaislivelierthough,withalotoffamousbars.YoucanheadtotheHobgoblinforalivelyfeeling.VisittheSeaLanesTheSeaLanesareanewlyrebuiltarea,withasix-lane(泳道)swimmingpoolbythesea.Theideaofthepoolistoallowpeopletoswimatalltimesoftheyear,as,sometimes,weatherconditionscanmeantheseaistoounsafetoswimin.Afteryoufinish,thereisabaryoucanrelaxin.21.WhatisspecialaboutTwistedLemon?A.Itoffersgoodcocktails. B.Ithasasmallmenu.C.Ithaswonawards. D.Itholdstalkshows.22.Wherecanavisitorbuyasecond-handbook?A.TwistedLemon. B.SnoopersParadise.C.KemptownBookshop. D.SeaLanes.23.WhatdoKemptownandtheSeaLaneshaveincommon?A.Theyarecrowdedandnoisy. B.Theyaredesignedforkids.CTheyhaveplacesfordrinking. D.Theyprovideayear-roundpool.【答案】21.A22.B23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在布莱顿最值得做的四件事。【21题详解】细节理解题。由文章Gotooneofthecity'sold-styledbars(酒吧)部分中“TheplacetostartistheTwistedLemon’scocktailhour.Thoughthebaritselfissmall,themenuisnot,withpagesandpagesofaward-winningcocktails.(虽然酒吧本身很小，但菜单并不大，有一页又一页的获奖鸡尾酒。)”可知，TwistedLemon的特别之处在于这里有很好的鸡尾酒。故选A。【22题详解】推理判断题。由文章FindabargainintheNorthLaine部分中“Itisaflea(跳蚤)marketwithover90uniquesellers,sellingeverythingfromshoestobeautifulTiffanylamps.(这是一个跳蚤市场，有90多个独特的卖家，出售从鞋子到漂亮的蒂芙尼台灯等各种商品。)”可知，游客在SnoopersParadise可以买到二手书。故选B。【23题详解】推理判断题。由文章ExploreKemptown部分中“Atnighttheareaislivelierthough,withalotoffamousbars.(但到了晚上，这里就热闹多了，有很多著名的酒吧。)”和VisittheSeaLanes部分中“thereisabaryoucanrelaxin.(有一个酒吧，你可以在里面放松一下。)”可知，二者的共同点是它们都有喝酒的地方。故选C。BLindaRichardswasthefirstgraduateofanAmericannursingschool.Afterreceivingherdegreein1873,shewenttoworkatBellevueHospitalinNewYorkCity.KatherineKellytoldusaninterestingstoryabouther.Asnightsuperintendent(主管)attheBellevueTrainingSchoolforNurses,LindaRichardshadtoaskthedaynursesforreportsontheconditionofheronehundredpatients.“Youaresofullofquestions!”criedadaynursewithanger.“Icouldfillapennynotebooktryingtoanswerthemall!”Lindawasfullofquestions.She’dgraduatedayearbefore,andtherewasstillsomuchshedidn’tknow.Thatnightshethoughtofwhatthedaynursehadsaid.Pennynotebooks!Well,whynot?Atherfirstchance,shetiednotebookstothebedsofhermostbadlyillpatients.Sheaskedthedaynursestokeepawrittenrecordofeachpatient’scondition,andshewoulddothesameatnight.OneeveningLindastoppedatthebedofasailor.Afterwatchingherwriteinthenotebook,heaskedjokinglyifshewastryingtochart(制表)hiscourse.Why,that’sexactlywhatI'mtryingtodo,shethought.Andsobeganthepracticeofkeepingapatient’schart,nowusedinhospitalsanddoctors’officesallovertheworld.LindaRichardswentontobecomealeadingpersoninthefieldofnurses’training.SheservedasthefirstpresidentoftheAmericanSocietyofSuperintendentsofTrainingSchoolsin1894,whichwasthefirstprofessionalorganization(专业组织)fornurses.Shetookanactivepartinnursingorganizationsandcanberegardedasoneofthemoversandshakersoftheyoungjob.Shespentherlifeprovingthat“atrainednurseisbetterthananuntrainedone.”TheAmericanNurses’AssociationhonoredLindaRichard’sachievementbyputtingherpictureonitsseal(印章),withthewords“Service,Humanity,Efficiencyaround.”24.WhatdidKatherinewanttotellusaboutLinda?A.Howshecompletedhereducation. B.Howshetookcareofherpatients.C.Howshegotonwithothernurses, D.Howsheinventedpatient’schart.25.HowdidLindadealwiththeannoyeddaynurse?A.Shehadwordswithher. B.Sheboughtheranotebook.C.Shegotanewideafromher. D.Shetooknonoticeofheranger.26WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLindaRichard?A.Creativeandinfluential. B.Positiveandindependent.C.Confidentandoutgoing. D.Energeticandstrongwilled.27.What’sthesuitabletitleofthetext?A.Acuriousmindinlearning B.ApioneerinnursingtrainingC.Thevalueofpennynotebook D.Thesuccessofanursingorganization【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了护士培训先驱琳达从日间护士的话里受到启发，发明了病例记录，在全世界推广使用开来，成为了护士培训的先驱。美国护士协会将琳达·理查德的照片印在印章上，并写上“服务、人性、效率”，以此来表彰她的成就。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Lindawasfullofquestions.She’dgraduatedayearbefore,andtherewasstillsomuchshedidn’tknow.Thatnightshethoughtofwhatthedaynursehadsaid.Pennynotebooks!Well,whynot?(琳达充满了疑问。她一年前就毕业了，还有很多她不知道的事情。那天晚上，她想起了日间护士说的话。便士笔记本！为什么不呢？)”、第四段“Atherfirstchance,shetiednotebookstothebedsofhermostbadlyillpatients.Sheaskedthedaynursestokeepawrittenrecordofeachpatient’scondition,andshewoulddothesameatnight.(一有机会，她就把笔记本绑在病情最严重的病人的床上。她要求日间护士对每位患者的病情进行书面记录，晚上她也会这样做。)”以及第六段“beganthepracticeofkeepingapatient’schart,nowusedinhospitalsanddoctors’officesallovertheworld(于是，保存病历表的做法开始了，现在世界各地的医院和医生办公室都在使用)”可推理出，凯瑟琳·凯利讲到琳达的目的是想要告诉我们她是如何发明病历表的，故选D项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thatnightshethoughtofwhatthedaynursehadsaid.Pennynotebooks!Well,whynot?(那天晚上，她想起了日间护士说的话。便士笔记本！为什么不呢？)”可知，琳达从日间护士的话里得到了灵感，故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Atherfirstchance,shetiednotebookstothebedsofhermostbadlyillpatients.Sheaskedthedaynursestokeepawrittenrecordofeachpatient’scondition,andshewoulddothesameatnight.(一有机会，她就把笔记本绑在病情最严重的病人的床上。她要求日间护士对每位患者的病情进行书面记录，晚上她也会这样做。)”可推理出琳达富有创造力，根据第六段“beganthepracticeofkeepingapatient’schart,nowusedinhospitalsanddoctors'officesallovertheworld(于是，保存病历表的做法开始了，现在世界各地的医院和医生办公室都在使用)”可推理出琳达的做法影响力广泛，故选A项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据据第三段“Thatnightshethoughtofwhatthedaynursehadsaid.Pennynotebooks!Well,whynot?(那天晚上，她想起了日间护士说的话。便士笔记本！为什么不呢？)”、第四段“Atherfirstchance,shetiednotebookstothebedsofhermostbadlyillpatients.Sheaskedthedaynursestokeepawrittenrecordofeachpatient’scondition,andshewoulddothesameatnight.(一有机会，她就把笔记本绑在病情最严重的病人的床上。她要求日间护士对每位患者的病情进行书面记录，晚上她也会这样做。)”、第六段“beganthepracticeofkeepingapatient'schart,nowusedinhospitalsanddoctors'officesallovertheworld(于是，保存病历表的做法开始了，现在世界各地的医院和医生办公室都在使用)”以及最后一段“SheservedasthefirstpresidentoftheAmericanSocietyofSuperintendentsofTrainingSchoolsin1894,whichwasthefirstprofessionalorganization(专业组织)fornurses.Shetookanactivepartinnursingorganizationsandcanberegardedasoneofthemoversandshakersoftheyoungjob.Shespentherlifeprovingthat“atrainednurseisbetterthananuntrainedone.”(1894年，她担任美国培训学校总监协会的首任主席，该协会是第一个护士专业组织。她积极参加护理组织，可以说是这份年轻工作的推动者之一。她用一生证明了“受过训练的护士总比未受过训练的好”。)”可知本文主要讲的是一位护士培训的先驱，故选B项。CIntherushingmodernsociety,itcanbealltooeasytoskip(不吃)amealortwo.Youmightevendoitonpurpose.Anewstudysuggestsgoingwithoutoneofthestandardthreemealsadaymighthaveaseriousdownside.24,000peopleparticipated(参加)inthestudy.Around30percentoftheparticipantsoftenhadfewerthanthreemealsaday.Accordingtothedata(数据),thosewhowereyounger,male,withlessofaneducationandalowerfamilyincome,weremorelikelytoskipmeals.Meal-skippingwasalsomorecommonamongthosewhosmokedmore,drankmore,atelesshealthyfood,hadmoresnacks,andtookinlessenergyoverall.Comparedwithparticipantseatingthreemealsperday,theriskforparticipantseatingonemealperdaywas30%higherforall-causedeath,and83%higherforcardiovascular(心血管的)disease(CVD)death.Thosewhoatetwomealsadayhada7%increasedriskofall-causedeathanda10%increasedriskofcardiovasculardeath.TheCVDdeathrateoftheparticipantswhoskippedbreakfastwas40%highercomparedwiththosewhodidnot.Theall-causedeathriskwas12%higherforskippinglunchand16%higherforskippingdinnercomparedwiththosewhodidnot.SkippingbreakfastwasconnectedwithagreaterriskofdyingfromCVD,whileskippinglunchordinnerwasconnectedwithagreaterriskofall-causedeath,includingariseinCVDrisk.Therewasevenaproblemforthosewhoateallthreemealsbuthadthemtooclosetogether.Eatingtwoneighbouringmealswithin4.5hoursofeachotherwasalsoshowntobeconnectedwithincreasedall-causedeathrisk.Whilethestudyseemstomakemessagesdifficultthatsuggestintermittentfasting(间歇性禁食)couldbegoodforyou,thedatastressestheimportanceofregularrefuelingstopsforthebody.28.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Whowouldskipmeals. B.Howtheresearchisdone.C.Whypeopleskipmeals. D.Whatthecourseofthestudyis.29.Howismeal-skippingconnectedwithdiseases?A.Meal-skippingcanreducetheriskofdiseases.B.Meal-skippingmakesnodifferencetodiseases.C.Thechancesofdiseasesrisewithmoremeal-skippings.D.It'shardtotelltheinfluenceofmeal-skippingondiseases.30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“regularrefuelingstops”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Skippingmealssometimes. B.Skippingafixedmeal.C.Havingmealsatyourwill. D.Havingmealsattherighttime.31.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Fastingisagoodwayforhealth. B.GoodeatinghabitscantreatCVD.C.Eatingmealsontimeishealthier. D.Mealsshouldbetakencloseenough.【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，一日三餐不吃一顿可能会有严重的负面影响。文章解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的相关发现。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“24,000peopleparticipated(参加)inthestudy.Around30percentoftheparticipantsoftenhadfewerthanthreemealsaday.Accordingtothedata(数据),thosewhowereyounger,male,withlessofaneducationandalowerfamilyincome,weremorelikelytoskipmeals.Meal-skippingwasalsomorecommonamongthosewhosmokedmore,drankmore,atelesshealthyfood,hadmoresnacks,andtookinlessenergyoverall.(24000人参与了这项研究。大约30%的参与者每天经常少于三餐。数据显示，年轻男性、受教育程度较低、家庭收入较低的人更有可能不吃饭。不吃饭在那些吸烟多、喝酒多、吃不健康食物、吃零食多、总体能量摄入少的人身上也更常见)”可知，第二段的主要讲述什么样的人会不吃饭。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Comparedwithparticipantseatingthreemealsperday,theriskforparticipantseatingonemealperdaywas30%higherforall-causedeath,and83%higherforcardiovascular(心血管的)disease(CVD)death.Thosewhoatetwomealsadayhada7%increasedriskofall-causedeathanda10%increasedriskofcardiovasculardeath.(与每天吃三顿饭的参与者相比，每天吃一顿饭的参与者全因死亡的风险高30%，心血管疾病（CVD）死亡的风险高83%。每天吃两餐的人全因死亡的风险增加了7%，心血管死亡的风险增加了10%)”可知，不吃饭越多，患病的几率就越高。故选C。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Whilethestudyseemstomakemessagesdifficultthatsuggestintermittentfasting(间歇性禁食)couldbegoodforyou,thedatastressestheimportanceof”可知，while表示转折，说明虽然这项研究似乎让间歇性禁食可能对你有益的说法难以站住脚，但数据强调了按时吃饭对身体的重要性。故划线词意思是“按时吃饭”。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Comparedwithparticipantseatingthreemealsperday,theriskforparticipantseatingonemealperdaywas30%higherforall-causedeath,and83%higherforcardiovascular(心血管的)disease(CVD)death.Thosewhoatetwomealsadayhada7%increasedriskofall-causedeathanda10%increasedriskofcardiovasculardeath.(与每天吃三顿饭的参与者相比，每天吃一顿饭的参与者全因死亡的风险高30%，心血管疾病（CVD）死亡的风险高83%。每天吃两餐的人全因死亡的风险增加了7%，心血管死亡的风险增加了10%)”可知，每天吃三顿饭，患病的几率更低，所以作者认为按时吃饭更健康。故选C。DAlmosthalfoftheparticipantsinastudywhowereaskedtoturnofftheirphonenotificationsforadaysaiditwasstillinfluencingtheirhabitstwoyearslater,saytheresearchersbehindthenewstudy.Atfirst,MartinPielotfromtelecommunicationsfirmTelefonicainSpain,andLuzRelloofCarnegieMellonUniversity,wantedtolasttheirDoNotDisturbchallengeacrossawholeweek-—buttheycouldn’tfindanyonetotakepartforthatlengthoftime.“Wejustgotempty,frightenedstares,”Pielotsaid.“Andsofinallywebackeddownto24hours.”Overall,thegroupismadeupof30volunteers.PielotandRellofoundthattheresponses(反应)toadayawayfromnotificationsweredifferentalot:forpeoplewhodidn’tchecktheirphonesthatmuchanyway,itwasn’tsuchabigdeal.Butforthosewhosefriends,bosses,andco-workersexpectquickreplies,thestudybroughtonsomeextrastressandanxiety.For9participants,theDoNotDisturbchallengebroughtonextrafeelingsofmissingoutonsomething,suchasamessagefromafriendorapackagedelivery(递送).Atthesametime,19participantsreportedfeelingclearlymoreconcentratedandmoreproductiveoverthedaywiththeirnotificationsoff.SomeparticipantsfeltlessconnectedtotheirsocialgroupsasaresultoftheDoNotDisturbchallenge,sothere’salottotakeinfromthestudy:itshowshowphonenotificationsinterrupt(打断)us,andhowtheyconnectustoothersandenableustomanagesocialexpectations.Ontopofallthosefindings,theresearchersareeagertopointouthowthedayofffromphonenotificationschangedhabitsinthelongterm-22ofthevolunteerssaidtheyplannedtochangetheirphonenotificationsettingsasaresultoftheDoNotDisturbchallenge,andaftertwoyears13ofthemwerestillfollowingthroughwiththechanges.Consideringmostpeopleseldomtouchtheirphone’snotificationsettings,that’sahighnumber.32.WhatcanwelearnfromPielot’swords?A.Fewpeopleareinterestedintheexperiment.B.Mostpeopleoverlydependontheircellphones.C.Peoplecangetpaidfortakingpartinthechallenge.D.Theparticipantscanbearnophonenotificationsforoneweek.33.What’stheresponseofmostparticipantstotheexperiment?A.Morehappiness. B.Someextrastress. C.Nothingdifferent. D.Higherproductivity.34.Howdotheresearchersfeelabouttheresultoftheexperiment?A.Pleased. B.Moved. C.Doubtful. D.Regretful.35.What’sthepurposeoftheresearch?A.Toshowthosenotusingphoneslivelonger.B.Tofindouthowtogetridofphonesinthelongrun.C.Toexaminetheinfluenceofturningoffphonenotifications.D.Toexplorehowadaywithoutphonesaffectspeople’shabits.【答案】32.A33.D34.A35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关闭手机通知一天的研究，近一半的参与者表示，两年后，这仍然影响着他们的习惯。文章解释了研究开展的过程以及关闭手机通知一天对参与者的影响。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段““Wejustgotempty,frightenedstares,”Pielotsaid.“Andsofinallywebackeddownto24hours.”(“我们得到的只是空洞、惊恐的目光，”皮埃洛说。“所以最后我们把时间缩短到了24小时。”)”可推知，很少有人对这个实验感兴趣。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Overall,thegroupismadeupof30volunteers.(总的来说，这个小组由30名志愿者组成)”以及第四段“Atthesametime,19participantsreportedfeelingclearlymoreconcentratedandmoreproductiveoverthedaywiththeirnotificationsoff.(与此同时，19名参与者报告说，在关闭通知的一天中，他们明显感到更专注、更有效率)”可知，大多数参与者对这个实验的反应是更高的生产率。故选D。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ontopofallthosefindings,theresearchersareeagertopointouthowthedayofffromphonenotificationschangedhabitsinthelongterm-22ofthevolunteerssaidtheyplannedtochangetheirphonenotificationsettingsasaresultoftheDoNotDisturbchallenge,andaftertwoyears13ofthemwerestillfollowingthroughwiththechanges.Consideringmostpeopleseldomtouchtheirphone’snotificationsettings,that’sahighnumber.(在所有这些发现的最重要的是，研究人员急于指出，从长远来看，远离手机通知的一天是如何改变习惯的——22名志愿者说，由于“请勿打扰”挑战，他们计划改变他们的手机通知设置，两年后，他们中的13人仍然坚持改变。考虑到大多数人很少触碰手机的通知设置，这是一个很高的数字)”可知，研究人员对实验结果感到高兴。故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Almosthalfoftheparticipantsinastudywhowereaskedtoturnofftheirphonenotificationsforadaysaiditwasstillinfluencingtheirhabitstwoyearslater,saytheresearchersbehindthenewstudy.(这项新研究的研究人员说，在一项被要求关闭手机通知一天的研究中，近一半的参与者表示，两年后，这仍然影响着他们的习惯)”可推知，研究的目的是探索没有手机的一天如何影响人们的习惯。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ahealthypersonisawealthyperson.Wealthisherevaluedintermsoftheperson'sphysicalwell-beingsothatheorsheisabletogoaboutandcarryoutday-to-daytaskseasily.___36___Toachievethis,physicalexerciseisamust.___37___Modern-daydiseaseslikeheartproblems,diabetes(糖尿病),andcertaincancersareallcausedbytheshortageofexercise.Oppositely,anyonehavingthesediseaseswillgetwelliftheyincludeexerciseaspartoftheirdailylife.Doctorsthinknotenoughexerciseleadstomanypeoplehavingoneformoranotherofsleeplessness.Moreover,whenwesleepbetter,wecanprotectourselvesfromdiseases.___38___Duringtasks,theirbodiesphysicallybecomeworse.Theirbones,internalparts,andcardiovascularsystemareallbadlyinfluenced.However,ithasbeenfoundthatexercisereduceschangesnoticeably.Anotherexampleofhowexercisehelpsustofeelbetteristhatitmakesusloseweight.Itburnsofftheenergy.Inourpush-buttonlifestyle,wehavebecomequitesedentary(久坐不动).“Whywalk,whenwecantakethecar”seemstobethewayoflifeforallofus.___39___Moreover,weseemtobeonlyexercisingourfingersasweplaycomputergames,surftheNet,andpressthekeystochooseourfavoritetelevisionprogram.Lastly,studentsshouldexerciseatleastthreetimesaweekforatleasttwentyminuteseachtime,asexerciseisagoodstresskiller.___40___Oneofthemcanmakeapersonbecomelessstressedandmorecheerful.Studentspreparingfortheirexaminationsarethereforeabletoconcentratebetter.Asaresult,theywilldobetterintheirexaminations.Inaword,regularexerciseisausefulwaybywhichwecannotonlyfeelyounger,butlookyounger.A.Exerciseensuresgoodhealth.B.Thishasbeenmadeclearbyspacemen.C.Heorshewilllookgoodandfeelgood.D.Studentsarebusywithheavyhomework.E.Nowadays,evenshoppingisdoneonline.F.Itisnowonderthatouryoungaregainingweight.G.Exercisecausesthebraintoproducedifferentchemicals.【答案】36.C37.A38.B39.F40.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了运动使人健康。【36题详解】根据上文“Wealthisherevaluedintermsoftheperson’sphysicalwell-beingsothatheorsheisabletogoaboutandcarryoutday-to-daytaskseasily(财富在这里是根据一个人的身体健康来衡量的，这样他或她就能够轻松地进行日常工作)”可知此处上下文说的是健康的人能够轻松地进行日常工作，与C项“Heorshewilllookgoodandfeelgood(他或她会看起来很好，感觉也很好)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。【37题详解】根据下文“anyonehavingthesediseaseswillgetwelliftheyincludeexerciseaspartoftheirdailylife(如果把锻炼作为日常生活的一部分，任何患有这些疾病的人都会康复。)”可知此处上下文说的是锻炼能保证人的身体健康，与A项“Exerciseensuresgoodhealth(锻炼能保证身体健康)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。【38题详解】根据下文“Duringtasks,theirbodiesphysicallybecomeworse.Theirbones,internalparts,andcardiovascularsystemareallbadlyinfluenced.However,ithasbeenfoundthatexercisereduceschangesnoticeably.(在任务中，他们的身体会变得更差。它们的骨骼、内部