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ICS67.080

CCSB31

43

湖南省地方标准

DB43/T2413—2022

江永香姜栽培技术规程

TechnicalregulationofcultivationforJiangyongfragrant-ginger

2022-07-08发布2022-10-08实施

湖南省市场监督管理局发布

DB43/T2413—2022

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范围·····················································································································1

2规范性引用文件······································································································1

3术语和定义············································································································1

4产地环境···············································································································1

5整地施肥···············································································································2

6种姜的选择和处理···································································································2

7播种·····················································································································2

8田间管理···············································································································3

9病虫害防治············································································································3

10收获与留种···········································································································5

11运输和贮藏···········································································································5

12废弃物处理···········································································································5

13生产记录档案········································································································5

附录A(规范性)江永香姜主要病虫害化学药剂防治························································7

附录B(资料性)江永香姜生产记录·············································································9

I

DB43/T2413—2022

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分:标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由湖南省农业农村厅提出。

本文件由湖南省农业标准化技术委员会归口。

本文件起草单位:江永县人民政府、江永县市场监督管理局、江永县农业农村局、湖南正智标准咨

询有限公司。

本文件主要起草人:陈小明、蒋丽君、黄红灵、黄野、刘健、蒋云祥、何增荣、何莹、欧晖、张微

欢、蒋善才、何源委、蒋仁辉、李胜。

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DB43/T2413—2022

江永香姜栽培技术规程

1范围

本文件规定了江永香姜的产地环境、整地施肥、种姜的选择和处理、播种、田间管理、病虫害防治、

收获与留种、运输和贮藏、废弃物处理和生产记录档案。

本文件适用于江永香姜的栽培。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中,注日期的引用文件,

仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件;不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本

文件。

GB/T8321(所有部分)农药合理使用准则

NY/T391绿色食品产地环境质量

NY/T1056绿色食品贮藏运输准则

AGI2008-09-00110中华人民共和国农产品地理标志质量控制技术规范江永香姜

3术语和定义

下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

江永香姜Jiangyongfragrant-ginger

国家农业部农产品地理标志,湖南省永州市江永县特色农产品。外观晶莹如玉,形似手掌,姜上有

节,嫩芽和茎节部鳞片呈紫红色,一般每株重750g~2000g,富含姜油酚、姜油酮、铁盐的香姜。

4产地环境

4.1产地选择

应符合NY/T391的规定。

4.2土壤选择

应选择地势较高、排水良好、土层深厚、有机质丰富的中性或微酸性的肥沃壤土,偏碱性、粘重的

土壤不宜作姜田。

4.3产地范围

加注农产品地理标志“江永香姜”的产地范围应符合AGI2008-09-00110的要求。

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5整地施肥

5.1茬口安排

前茬不宜为番茄、茄子、辣椒、马铃薯等茄科作物。宜水旱轮作,不宜连作,轮作方式可选择:

a)香姜——油菜——水稻——空茬(或短季蔬菜)——香姜;

b)香姜——蔬菜——水稻——空茬(或短季蔬菜)——香姜;

c)香姜——油菜/玉米——蔬菜——香姜。

5.2整地

清除前茬作物残留,深耕整地,结合整地每667m2施生石灰50kg~70kg;做成垄高30cm左右,

畦宽230cm左右,沟宽40cm左右;畦面按70cm左右行距横向开种植沟,沟深25cm左右,沟宽

20cm左右;姜田四周开围沟,沟深35cm以上。

5.3施基肥

整地后,每667m2用腐熟猪牛粪2000kg~2050kg(或生物有机肥400kg~450kg)加过磷酸钙

或钙镁磷肥50kg~70kg施于种植沟内。

6种姜的选择和处理

6.1种姜选择

选用具有江永香姜品种特征特性,姜块肥大饱满、皮色光亮、无明显缺陷、未受冻、无病虫危害和

无机械损伤的姜块作种姜。

6.2种姜处理

6.2.1晒姜

催芽前7d~10d,将种姜平摊在背风向阳的平地上或草席上,晾晒1d~2d。傍晚收进室内或进

行防冻遮盖;中午若日光强烈,应适当遮荫。

6.2.2消毒

催芽前,采用1%波尔多液浸种20分钟,或用1%石灰水浸种30分钟后,取出晾干备用。

6.2.3催芽

3月下旬,在大棚内或室内采取一层稻草一层种姜堆放催芽,堆宽130cm左右、高120cm以内,

堆上盖膜,温度控制在22℃~28℃,湿度控制在80%~85%。当幼芽长度达0.5cm~1cm时即可播种。

7播种

7.1播种期

3月中下旬播种,设施栽培的可适当提早播种。

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7.2播种密度

株距15cm~20cm,每667m2种植4450株~4550株。

7.3播种量

每667m2用种400kg~500kg。

7.4播种方法

先将种植沟内的基肥与土壤混匀耙平,再将种姜水平排放于沟内,并保持芽头朝同一方向摆放;播

种后随即覆土4cm~5cm,并覆盖地膜,四周压严实。

8田间管理

8.1中耕与除草

香姜芽出土时应及时破膜,并结合除草,中耕1次~2次。

8.2遮荫

当香姜出苗率达50%时,搭建高2m左右的拱棚架,覆盖遮光率为30%的遮阳网,进行姜田遮荫。

9月中旬后,拆除遮阳网。

8.3水分管理

8.3.1播种期

播种时浇透底水,出苗前一般不浇水,苗出齐后视墒情,浇1次小水。待2d~3d后再浇1次水,

然后中耕保墒。保持土壤见干见湿。

8.3.2幼苗期

幼苗期生长缓慢,生长量少,需水不多,一般不浇水。如遇干旱浇1次小水。

8.3.3旺盛生长期

保持在田间最大持水量的80%,视墒情一般每4d~6d浇1次水,使土壤保持湿润状态。

8.4追肥

整个生育期追肥3次。第一次在姜苗3叶~4叶追催苗肥,每667m2施尿素10kg~15kg。第二

次在5月下旬追促箭肥,每667m2施45%(N∶P∶K=15∶15∶15)硫酸钾型复合肥30kg~40kg。第

三次在6月下旬追壮姜肥,每667m2施45%硫酸钾型复合肥40kg~50kg。

8.5培土

植株进入旺盛生长期,结合追肥进行培土。之后每隔15d~20d培土一次,共培土2次~3次。

9病虫害防治

9.1防治原则

坚持“预防为主,综合防治”的原则,优先采用农业、生物、物理防治措施,辅以化学防治。所用

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农药应符合GB/T8321的规定。

9.2江永香姜病虫害

主要病害:茎腐病、叶斑病、姜斑点病、姜瘟病、叶枯病、姜炭疽病。

主要虫害:姜螟(玉米螟)、线虫、姜蛆、小地老虎、甜菜夜蛾、异形眼蕈蚊、姜弄蝶。

9.3农业防治

9.3.1轮作倒茬

按5.1要求进行轮作,可减轻茎腐病和姜炭疽病病害发生。

9.3.2选用抗病品种

根据当地病虫发生情况因地制宜的选用抗、耐病品种。精选无病害姜种;有条件的可选用脱毒姜种。

9.3.3地面覆盖地膜或碎草

地面覆盖可有效地减轻土传性病害的发生和传播。

9.3.4清洁田园

及时清除病株残体、病叶,并集中进行无害化处理,保证田间清洁。

9.4生物防治

9.4.1保护和利用自然天敌

应用药剂防治时,宜使用对害虫针对性强的药剂,避免或减轻对天敌的杀伤作用。

9.4.2释放天敌

在姜螟或姜弄蝶产卵始盛期和盛期释放赤眼蜂。

9.4.3选用生物源药剂

在姜螟或姜弄蝶卵孵盛期喷洒苏云金杆菌制剂(孢子含量大于100亿/ml)2次~3次,每次间隔

5d~7d。

利用硫酸链霉素、新植霉素或卡那霉素500ml/L浸种防治姜瘟病。

姜瘟病发病初期用3%中生菌素(克菌康)可湿性粉剂800倍药液喷淋或灌根,每隔7d~10d灌

1次,连续3次~4次,每株灌药液250ml~500ml。

9.5物理防治

9.5.1人工捕捉害虫,摘除害虫卵块,挖除姜瘟病株,集中园外销毁。

9.5.2用频振式杀虫灯方法诱杀害虫;使用防虫网阻隔害虫进入。

9.6化学防治

主要病害化学药剂防治见附录A的表A1。

主要虫害化学药剂防治见附录A的表A2。

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10收获与留种

10.1收获

10.1.1收获时间

嫩姜于8月上旬~9月下旬采收;老姜于10月下旬~11月上旬采收。

10.1.2收获方法

收获时将姜株拔出或刨出,轻轻抖掉泥土,清除病伤姜块,然后从地上茎基部以上2cm处切去茎

秆,摘除根须后,即可沙贮或窖贮或鲜销。

10.2留种

10.2.1选择姜块肥大,姜指健壮,色泽纯正,无病虫害,无机械损伤的姜块作种。

10.2.2抹去须根、清除泥土,并用剪刀剪去茎叶,晒ld~2d,即可入窖贮藏,作下一年栽培用种。

11运输和贮藏

11.1运输

运输工具应清洁、干燥、有防雨设施。严禁与有毒、有害、有腐蚀性、有异味的物品混运。运输过

程还应符合NY/T1056要求。

11.2贮藏

贮藏过程的防虫防鼠防潮措施、卫生要求、出入库、堆放等,应符合NY/T1056要求。

12废弃物处理

生产过程中的农药和肥料等农业投入品废弃物,及时收集并带离生产区集中进行无害化处理。

13生产记录档案

13.1生产操作记录

如实记录生产过程中的各项农事操作时间、地块、措施及方法、效果等内容。记载方法、内容见附

录B的表B1。

13.2投入品使用记录

详细记录农药、化肥等投入品的使用,包括施用时间、品名及剂型、用量、方法等内容。记载方法、

内容见附录B的表B2。

13.3物候期记录

详细记录香姜全生育期,包括播种期、出苗期、生长期、始收期、终收期等内容。记载方法、内容

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见附录B的表B3。

13.4档案保存

各项生产记录在生产周期结束后及时归档,档案保存2年以上。

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附录A

(规范性)

江永香姜主要病虫害化学药剂防治

A.1江永香姜主要病害化学药剂防治见表A.1。

表A.1江永香姜主要病害化学药剂防治

最多连续安全间隔期

防治对象农药名称使用方法

使用次数(d)

茎腐病98%棉隆50g/m2~60g/m2土壤处理3≥7

叶斑病60%唑醚·代森联60g/667m2~100g/667m2喷雾3≥7

70%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂50g/667m2~60g/667m2喷洒3≥7

姜斑点病

2.5%嘧菌酯(阿米西林)悬浮剂1500倍液,7d~10d喷1次,连续喷2次3≥7

20%噻森铜500倍~600倍液灌根3≥7

姜瘟病

46%氢氧化铜1000倍~1500倍液喷淋、灌根3≥7

60%苯醚甲环唑5g/667m2~10g/667m2喷雾3≥7

叶枯病10%苯醚甲环唑30g/667m2~60g/667m2喷雾3≥7

70%甲基硫菌灵30g/667m2~57g/667m2喷雾3≥7

450克/升咪鲜胺30ml/667m2~45ml/667m2喷雾3≥7

25%吡唑醚菌酯20ml/667m2~30ml/667m2喷雾3≥7

炭疽病70%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉用50g兑水50kg/667m2喷雾3≥7

45%咪鲜胺水乳剂用40ml兑水50kg/667m2喷雾3≥7

25%吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂30ml兑水50kg/667m2喷雾3≥7

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A.2江永香姜主要虫害化学药剂防治见表A.2。

表A.2江永香姜主要虫害化学药剂防治

最多连续安全间隔期

防治对象农药名称使用方法

使用次数(d)

3%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐10g/667m2~16g/667m2喷雾3≥10

姜螟(玉米螟)

1.8%阿维菌素30ml/667m2~40ml/667m2喷雾3≥10

98%棉隆50g/m2~60g/m2土壤处理3≥10

线虫99%硫酰氟75g/m2~100g/m2土壤熏蒸3≥10

0.3%印楝素600倍~800倍液灌根3≥10

20%灭蝇胺50g/1000kg~75g/1000kg姜药土法3≥10

姜蛆

1%吡丙醚1000g/1000kg~1500g/1000kg姜撒施3≥10

14%氯虫·高氯氟10ml/667m2~20ml/667m2喷雾3≥10

甜菜夜蛾3%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐13.5g/667m2~16g/667m2喷雾3≥10

10%虫螨腈36ml/667m2~48ml/667m2喷雾3≥10

用糖、醋、白酒、水和90%敌百虫

按6∶3∶1∶10∶1调匀,撒于田间诱杀成虫3≥10

晶体

炒香的麦麸、90%敌百虫晶体200g加水拌湿,撒于田间诱杀幼虫3≥10

小地老虎

豆饼5kg、90%敌百虫晶体200g加水拌湿,撒于田间诱杀幼虫3≥10

50%辛硫磷乳油500倍~600倍液灌根3≥10

80%敌敌畏乳油播种前,浸泡姜种5min~10min3≥10

异形眼蕈蚊80%敌敌畏乳油入窖前,1000倍喷窖3≥10

80%敌敌畏乳油入窖内后,在锯末上点燃熏蒸姜窖3≥10

20%除虫脲悬浮剂5g/667m2~12.5g/667m2喷施3≥10

姜弄蝶20%敌灭灵悬浮剂5g/667m2~12.5g/667m2喷施3≥10

20%灭幼脲悬浮剂5g/667m2~12.5g/667m2喷施3≥10

8

DB43/T2413—2022

附录B

(资料性)

江永香姜生产记录

B.1生产操作记录见表B.1。

表B.1生产操作记录

丘块名称面积(667m2)品种

土壤种类及操作日期

序号操作内容与方法完成情况及效果记载人

肥力、前作(月、日)

1

2

B.2投入品使用记录见表B.2。

表B.2投入品使用记录

丘块名称面积(667m2)品种

使用日期

序号品名剂型生产厂家用量施用方法效果记载人

(月、日)

1

2

……

a根据投入品顺序逐项记载。

b用量为每667m2用量,化肥计量单位用kg,农药计量单位用g或ml。

B.3物候期记录见表B.3。

表B.3物候期记录

丘块名称面积(667m2)品种

>12℃

芋鞭子芽膨大期(月、日)发芽至总叶

播种期发芽期齐苗期成熟期的有效

发生期发生期成熟片数记载人

(月、日)(月、日)(月、日)(月、日)积温

(月、日)(月、日)始期高峰期末期(d)(片)

(℃)

9

DB43/T2413—2022

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范围·····················································································································1

2规范性引用文件······································································································1

3术语和定义············································································································1

4产地环境···············································································································1

5整地施肥···············································································································2

6种姜的选择和处理···································································································2

7播种·····················································································································2

8田间管理···············································································································3

9病虫害防治············································································································3

10收获与留种···········································································································5

11运输和贮藏···········································································································5

12废弃物处理························································································

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