2024年专业英语四级试卷

专业英語四级-试卷658(總分：160.00，做題時间：90分钟)一、DICTATION(總題数：2，分数：4.00)1.PARTIDICTATIONDirections:Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：2.

（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________

對的答案：(對的答案：Mother'sDayInBritain,Mother'sDayfallsonafewweeksbeforethefestivalofEaster./Butitisalwaysintheearlyspringtime/whennewplantsemerge,/andbabybirdsandanimalsareborn/IntheUSA,Mother'sDaytakesplaceinMay,/andmanyothercountriesalsocelebratetheirmothers/ondifferentdaysoftheyear./Itbeganmanyyearsago,/whenchildrenasyoungas10wouldliveandworkawayfromhome./MotheringSundaywasadaywheneveryonewasallowedtovisittheirmothers./)解析：二、LISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(總題数：6，分数：40.00)3.PARTIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：4.SECTIONATALKInthissectionyouwillhearatalk.YouwillhearthetalkONCEONLY.Whilelistening,youmaylookatANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap.Makesuretheword(s)youfillinis(are)bothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：CanTeachingGrammarReallyBeFun?【T1】1amongaverageteachers【T1】2■Teachinggrammarisboring■Grammarcanbetaughtasa【T2】3【T2】4■Getstudents【T3】5rules【T3】6BettyAzar'sviewofgrammar■Thestartingpointand【T4】7【T4】8■Enablesstudentstoexperiencebetter【T5】9【T5】10Adviceforteachers■Toknowthedifferent【T6】11ofeachstudent【T6】12■Torealizestudents'【T7】13【T7】14Reasonsforsometeachers'【T8】15ofteachinggrammar【T8】16■Someteachersdon'tknowgrammarandmayfailto【T9】17【T9】18TIRF'sresearch■Teachgrammarwithcommunicationis【T10】19【T10】20CanTeachingGrammarReallyBeFun?【T1】21amongaverageteachers【T1】22■Teachinggrammarisboring■Grammarcanbetaughtasa【T2】23【T2】24■Getstudents【T3】25rules【T3】26BettyAzar'sviewofgrammar■Thestartingpointand【T4】27【T4】28■Enablesstudentstoexperiencebetter【T5】29【T5】30Adviceforteachers■Toknowthedifferent【T6】31ofeachstudent【T6】32■Torealizestudents'【T7】33【T7】34Reasonsforsometeachers'【T8】35ofteachinggrammar【T8】36■Someteachersdon'tknowgrammarandmayfailto【T9】37【T9】38TIRF'sresearch■Teachgrammarwithcommunicationis【T10】39【T10】40（分数：20.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：對的答案：Misconception/Misunderstanding）解析：(2).【T2】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：對的答案：subject）解析：(3).【T3】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：對的答案：memorize/learn）解析：(4).【T4】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：對的答案：thefoundation）解析：(5).【T5】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：對的答案：communication）解析：(6).【T6】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：對的答案：learningstyle）解析：(7).【T7】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：對的答案：languagebackgrounds）解析：(8).【T8】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：對的答案：hatred）解析：(9).【T9】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：對的答案：answerstudents'questions）解析：(10).【T10】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：對的答案：effective）解析：5.SECTIONBCONVERSATIONSInthissectionyouwillheartwoconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,fivequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.BoththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenONCEONLY.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeaten-secondpause.Duringthepause,youshouldreadthefourchoicesof[A],[B],[C]and[D],andmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.Youhavethirtysecondstopreviewthequestions.__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：（分数：10.00）

A.Ithasnothingtodowiththeman'spresentation.

B.Itfocusesonyoungmenandmobilephones.

√

C.Itshowshowimportantmobilephonesaretotheold.

D.Itshows70%ofteenagersusetheirphonesonceaday.解析：

A.Makingphonecallstotheirfriends.

B.Sendingtextmessages.

√

C.Thegraphtheywoulddesign.

D.Losingpartoftheiridentity.解析：

A.Heisnotsureaboutit.

B.Hethinksit's7:30pmor8:00pm.

C.Hethinksit'sbetween10:30pmand11:00pm.

√

D.Hethinksit'sbetween7:30pmand11:00pm.解析：

A.Onthebelt.

√

B.Inthepocket.

C.Inthehandbag.

D.Intheschoolbag.解析：

A.Becauseshethinksvoicemailisabettertopic.

B.Becauseshethinksvideoisoutofdate.

C.Becauseshethinkstherearenotenoughvideousers.

D.Becausemanyphonesdoesn'thavethefunctionyet.

√解析：（分数：10.00）

A.Howstudentscareabouttheinformationontheleaflet.

B.Whatkindoffoodthewomaneats.

C.Towhatextentpeoplecareaboutdietandnutrition.

√

D.Whetherthewomanhasdevelopedagoodeatinghabitornot.解析：

A.Shelikesburgersbest.

√

B.Shenevereatsspaghetti.

C.Shelikestoeatcauliflower.

D.Sheeatswhatisthoughthealthy.解析：

A.Sheistoobusytohavebreakfast.

B.Sheprefersabarofchocolatetobreakfast.

C.Shegetsuptoolate.

√

D.Thesmellofbreakfastputsheroff.解析：

A.Itcontainstoomanyeggs.

B.Itistoofatty.

√

C.ItisOKonaregularbasis.

D.Itisnutritious.解析：

A.Onceinawhile.

B.Onceinamoon.

C.Seldom.

√

D.Onceaday.解析：三、LANGUAGEKNOWLEDGE(總題数：21，分数：42.00)6.PARTIIILANGUAGEKNOWLEDGETherearetwentysentencesinthissection.Beneatheachsentencetherearefourwords,phrasesorstatementsmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Chooseoneword,phraseorstatementthatbestcompletesthesentence.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：7.Hewasfoundtherightmanforthejob.Theitalicizedpartfunctionsasa(n)_____inthesentence.

（分数：2.00）

A.subjectcomplement

√

B.object

C.adverbial

D.objectcomplement解析：解析：考察主語补足語。本句為被動句，判断本題therightman作什么成分時，可将之還原為积极句…foundhimtherightmanforthejob，him跟therightman之间存在主谓关系，因此判断therightman是him的补語，而在原句中，he為主語，故therightman為主語补足語，选A。8.Whichofthefollowingisacompoundword(复合詞)?

（分数：2.00）

A.Competitor.

B.Dislike.

C.Non-stop.

D.Startup.

√解析：解析：考察复合詞的概念。由两個或更多的詞合成一种新詞的現象，叫复合詞，又称合成詞(詞与詞之间可以有连字符)。D项startup“新兴企业”由start和up两個詞合成，因此选D。9.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisanimperativeone?

（分数：2.00）

A.Whereisthebookshelf?

B.Yougoandfetchsomewaterforme.

√

C.Whataremarkablecoincidence!

D.Lucywaspretendingtobeill,whenhermothercamein.解析：解析：考察祈使句。祈使句一般省略主語，或带主語you，表达祈求、命令等，符合此规定的是B。A是疑問句；C是感慨句：D陈說句。10.Thefollowingdeterminers(限定詞)canbeusedwithbothuncountableandpluralnounsEXCEPT_____.

（分数：2.00）

A.some

B.sufficient

C.less

√

D.such解析：解析：考察限定詞与名詞的搭配。C项less是little的比较级，只可接不可数名詞，不能接复数可数名詞，故选C。其他选项some，sufficient，such既可接复数可数名詞，也可接不可数名詞。11.WhichofthefollowingsentencesexpressesSPECULATION?

（分数：2.00）

A.Wemustfinishourhomeworkbefore10:00.

B.Youmustn'tsmokehere.

C.Tommustbein,forthelightsareon.

√

D.Wemustgetsomeonetofixthatwheel.解析：解析：考察情态動詞must的使用方法。A“我們必须10點前完毕作业”，must表达“义务”。B“你不許在此吸烟”，must表“法规严禁”。C“汤姆一定在家，由于灯亮著”，must表推测。D“我們必须找人修轮子”，must表“提议”。12.Whichoftheitalicizedpartsservesasanobject?

（分数：2.00）

A.Ihavenointentionofretiringjustyet.

B.Heofferedwhathehadtothecharitableorganization.

√

C.ShemusthavereceivedtheparcelthatIsentyesterday.

D.Itisstronglyadvisedthatyougohomenow.解析：解析：考察宾語。B项的whathehad是offered的宾語，故选B。A项的ofretiring作同位語，解释阐明in-tention；C项的thatIsent為定語從句，修饰parcel；D项的it為形式主語，thatyougohomenow為真正主語。13.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallyINCORRECT?

（分数：2.00）

A.Tendollarsisnotalargesumofmoney.

B.Statisticsareabranchofmathematics.

√

C.Allthesheepweregrazingonthehillside.

D.Measlesisaninfectiousdisease.解析：解析：考察主谓一致。Statistics作“记录學”讲時，谓語動詞用單数，因此B项在語法上錯误。A项Tendollars看作整体，因此用單数；sheep“绵羊”虽然不以s結尾，却可以表达复数意义；Measles是不可数名詞，因此也用單数。14.Whichofthefollowingisadisjunctivequestion?

（分数：2.00）

A.Whatcolouristhenewcarpet?

B.Willwegoouttothecinemaorstayathome?

C.Heseldompaysmoreattentiontohispronunciation,doeshe?

√

D.WillJouseherwinningsasspendingmoneyonherholiday?解析：解析：考察反义疑問句。反义疑問句由两部分构成：前一部分是一种陈說句，後一部分是一种简短的疑問句，C项符合规定。A项為特殊疑問句；B项為选择疑問句；D项為一般疑問句。15.Whichofthefollowingsentencesexpressesapossibility?

（分数：2.00）

A.Anypoliceofficercaninsistonseeingadriver'slicense.

B.Youcan'texpecttheworldtochangeovernight.

C.Iamconfidentthatasolutioncanbefound.

√

D.GabriellacanspeakFrenchfluently.解析：解析：考察情态動詞can的使用方法。A“任何警察均有权坚持看司机的驾照”，can表达“有权做某事”；B“你不能期望全世界一夜全变化”，can't表达“不应當做某事”；C“我很确信能找到一种处理方案”，can表达“也許性”。D“Gabriella可以流利地讲英語”，can表达一种能力。因此选C。16.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasastativeverb(静态動詞)?

（分数：2.00）

A.Build

B.Knock.

C.Stay.

√

D.Resist.解析：解析：考察静态動詞。积极詞按詞汇意义可分為動态動詞(DynamicVerb)和静态動詞(StativeVerb)。動态動詞表达运動状态，静态動詞表达相對静止的状态。Stay表达“保持”時，為一种静止状态，故选C。Build“建造”，Knock“敲”，Resist“抵制”均為動态動詞。17.Whenshefacedherenemy,herface_____afierceexpression.

（分数：2.00）

A.tookoff

B.tookaway

C.tookon

√

D.tookout解析：解析：考察動詞短語辨析。takeon表达“展現”，代入空格句意通顺；takeoff意為“脱下；起飞”；takeaway表达“带走”；takeout“带……出去”；這三项代入空格，均句意不通。18.Hewaskeptinappallingconditionsinprison.Theunderlinedpartmeans_____.

（分数：2.00）

A.awesome

B.awful

√

C.startling

D.stunning解析：解析：考察形容詞辨析。appalling除表达“骇人的”之外，還表达“很糟糕的”，awful“很差的”符合规定。startling和stunning均强调“惊人的”，不如awful合适。19.Farmershave_____thegovernmentforhelp.

（分数：2.00）

A.appealedwith

B.appealedto

√

C.appealedfor

D.appealedagainst解析：解析：考察動詞詞组辨析与搭配。appeal常用作appealedtosb．forhelp，表达“向……恳求协助”，B项符合该使用方法。appeal不跟with搭配，故排除A；appealedfor後常接sth．，表达恳求得到的東西。appealagainst表达“提出上诉反對……”，用于此，句意不通。20.Leavingthecourt,thefamiliesalltriedtoputonabraveface.Theunderlinedpartmeans_____.

（分数：2.00）

A.besupportive

B.showtheirfaces

C.bebrave

D.notshowtheirsadnessorworry

√解析：解析：考察固定短語搭配。putonabraveface看字面意思，可理解為“戴上一副勇敢的面孔”，意即“掩饰内心的悲伤和担忧”，故选D。C项bebrave是强干扰项，但“坚强”和“假装坚强”意思有差异，不能等同。21.Themovie_____heralmostovernightfromanunknownschoolgirlintoamegastar.

（分数：2.00）

A.transferred

B.transformed

√

C.transmitted

D.transplanted解析：解析：考察動詞辨析。空格後的fromanunknown．．．intoamegastar“從一种不著名的校园小女孩变為影视巨星”是一种状态的变化，transform“使……转变”带入空格，符合語境，故选B。A.transfer强调“地點的转移：局势的变化”，用于此不合适；C．transmit“发射；传染”；D．transplant“移植”。22.Womenwithafinancebackgroundareatadistinctadvantageovermenwhenapplyingforboardroles.Theunderlinedpartmeans_____.

（分数：2.00）

A.small

B.bright

C.unquestionable

√

D.little解析：解析：考察形容詞詞义辨析。distinct在修饰advantage時，指的是“绝對的；無可争议的”，unquestionable表达“無可争议的”，故选C。其他三项均不符合逻辑。23.Ididn'twanttomakemischiefbetweenthem.Theunderlinedpartmeans_____.

（分数：2.00）

A.makejokesofthem

B.causequarrelsbetweenthem

√

C.makethemsad

D.doharmtothem解析：解析：考察固定短語辨析。短語makemischiefbetweensb．的意思是“(在某两個人之间)挑拨离间”。B项的解释符合句意，故选B。24.An_____islikeacircle,butwiderinonedirectionthantheother.

（分数：2.00）

A.square

B.oval

√

C.triangle

D.oblong解析：解析：考察名詞詞义辨析。square“正方形”；oval“椭圆”；triangle“三角形”；oblong“長方形”。根据空格後的“像圆，但在一种方向比另一种方向宽”，可知B對的。25.Itisimportanttomaintainaconstanttemperatureinsidethegreenhouse.Theunderlinedpartmeans_____.

（分数：2.00）

A.prevent

B.regain

C.retain

√

D.repel解析：解析：考察動詞詞义辨析。maintain在此处的意思為“保持”，四個选项中，意思与之一致的是retain“保持，保留”。A.prevent“制止”；B．regain“恢复”；D．repel“击退”。26.Thesesweaterslookalike,buttheircolorsaresubtlydifferent.Theunderlinedpartmeans_____.

（分数：2.00）

A.sensitively

B.sophisticatedly

C.complicatedly

D.slightly

√解析：解析：考察副詞詞义辨析。由前面的lookalike，可推测其颜色的区别會很小。subtly在此意為“细微地”，slightly“轻微地”与之意思一致，故选D。Asensitively“敏感地”；B．sophisticatedly“老练地”；C．complicatedly“复杂地”。四、CLOZE(總題数：2，分数：40.00)27.PARTIVCLOZEDecidewhichofthewordsgivenintheboxbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblanks.ThewordscanbeusedONCEONLY.（分数：20.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：AlossB.steepC.bycontrastD.undergoE.yetF.analogousG.likelihoodH.doI.sufferJ.acuteK.declineL.alreadyM.conquerN.overcomeO.vulnerableAttheageoftwelve,thehumanbodyisatitsmostvigorous.Ithas1toreachitsfullsizeandstrength,anditsownerhisorherfullintelligence:butatthisagethe2ofdeathisleast.Earlier,wewereinfantsandyoungchildren,andconsequentlymore3:later,weshall4aprogressivelossofourvigourandresistancewhich,thoughimperceptibleatfirst,willfinallybecomeso5thatwecanlivenolonger,howeverwellwelookafterourselves,andhoweverwellsociety,andourdoctors,lookafterus.This6invigourwiththepassingoftimeiscalledageing.Mostanimalswecommonlyobserveinfactageaswe7,ifgiventhechancetolivelongenough:andmechanicalsystemslikeawoundwatch,orthesun,willrunoutofenergysomeday.Butthesearenot8towhathappenswhenmanages.Arun-downwatchisstillawatchandcanberewound.Anoldwatch,9,becomessowornandunreliablethatiteventuallyisnotworthmending.Butawatchcouldneverrepairitself—itdoesnotconsistoflivingparts,onlyofmetal,whichwearsawaybyfriction.Wecould,atonetime,repairourselves—wellenough,atleast,to10allbutthemostinstantlyfatalillnessesandaccidents.Betweentwelveandeightywegraduallylosethispower:anillnesswhichattwelvewouldknockusover,ateightycanknockusout.

（分数：20.00）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：E）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：G）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：O）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：D）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：B）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：K）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：H）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：F）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：C）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：N）解析：解析：Wecould．．．repairourselves．．．to．．．空格後应填入動詞原形，表目的。人体自行修复的目的是战胜疾病和事故，因而填入overcome“战胜，克服”。conquer重要指通過武力“征服”。五、READINGCOMPREHENSION(總題数：11，分数：30.00)29.PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：30.SECTIONAInthissectionthereareseveralpassagesfollowedbytenmultiple-choicequestions.Foreachquestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：(1)FromachildIwasfondofreading,andallthelittlemoneythatcameintomyhandswaseverlaidoutinbooks.PleasedwiththePilgrim'sProgress,myfirstcollectionwasofJohnBunyan'sworks,inseparatelittlevolumes.IafterwardssoldthemtoenablemetobuyR.Burton'sHistoricalCollection:theyweresmallchapmen'sbooksandcheap,40or50inall.Myfather'slittlelibraryconsistedchieflyofbooksinpolemicdivinity,mostofwhichIread,andhavesinceoftenregrettedthat,atatimewhenIhadsuchathirstforknowledge,moreproperbookshadnotfalleninmyway,sinceitwasnowresolvedIshouldnotbeaclergyman.Plutarch'sLivestherewas,inwhichIreadabundantly,andIstillthinkthattimespenttogreatadvantage.TherewasalsoabookofDefoe's,calledAnEssayonProjects,andanotherofDr.Mather'scalledEssaystoDoGoodwhichperhapsgavemeaturnofthinkingthathadaninfluenceonsomeoftheprincipalfutureeventsofmylife.(2)Thisbookishinclinationatlengthdeterminedmyfathertomakemeaprinter,thoughhehadalreadyoneson(James)ofthatprofession.In1717mybrotherJamesreturnedfromEnglandwithapressandletterstosetuphisbusinessinBoston.Ilikeditmuchbetterthanthatofmyfather,butstillhaveahankeringforthesea.Topreventtheapprehendedeffectofsuchaninclination,myfatherwasimpatienttohavemeboundtomybrother.Istoodoutsometimebutatlastwaspersuaded,andsignedtheindentures,whenIwasyetbut12yearsold...IwastoserveasanapprenticetillIwas21yearsofage,onlyIwastobeallowedjourneyman'swagesduringthelastyear.InalittletimeImadegreatproficiencyinthebusiness,andbecameausefulhandtomybrother.Inowhadaccesstobetterbooks.Anacquaintancewiththeapprenticeofbooksellers,enabledmesometimestoborrowasmallone,whichIwascarefultoreturnsoonandclean.OftenIsatupinmyroomreadingthegreatestpartofthenight,whenthebookwasborrowedintheeveningandtobereturnedearlyinthemorning,lestitshouldbemissedorwanted.AndaftersometimeaningenioustradesmanMr.MatthewAdamswhohadaprettycollectionofbooks,andwhofrequentedourprintinghousetooknoticeofme,invitedmetohislibrary,andverykindlylentmesuchbooksasIchoosetoread.（分数：4.00）(1).WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTcontributetotheauthor'schangeofthought?（分数：2.00）

A.Pilgrim'sProgress.

√

B.Plutarch'sLives.

C.AnEssayonProjects.

D.EssaystoDoGood.解析：解析：根据題干中的changeofthought定位到第1段。作者在文中提到，他讀了诸多遍Plutarch's．Lives；笛福的AnEssayonProjects和Dr．Mather的EssaystoDoGood對他思想的变化影响很大，故可排除B、C、D，选A。解答本題需要注意文中与选项所提及的四本書内容有关的文字。這四個选项作者在第1段均有提到，不過A只是作者喜欢的一本書，作者并未指出這本書對他的影响。较具于扰性的是B，對于這本書，作者阅讀得最多，认為花费的時间是值得的，据此判断该書也對作者产生了重要的影响，因此排除B。(2).InPara.2,"stoodout"means_____.（分数：2.00）

A.confessed

B.agreed

C.refused

√

D.thoughtout解析：解析：根据題干直接定位到第2段。该詞前面的句子中讲述了父亲急切地要将作者送到哥哥身边。之後又說作者最终被劝服了。故选C。解答此类題目需注意，由于文章前後存在一定的逻辑关系，因此在題目规定解析的詞前後，一般可以找到對该詞的解释或有关信息。(1)In1967,inresponsetowidespreadpublicconcernarousedbymedicalreportsofasbestosrelateddeath,theNationalMedicalResearchCouncil(NMRC)organizedacommitteeofenquirytoinvestigatethehealththreatsassociatedwiththeuseofasbestosinthebuildingindustry.Afterexaminingevidencesprovidedbymedicalresearchersandbuildingworkersandmanagement,theCouncilpublishedareportwhichincludedadvicesfordealingwithasbestos.ThereportconfirmedthefindingsofsimilarresearchintheUnitedStatesandCanadaExposuretorelativelysmallquantitiesofasbestosfibers,theyconcluded,wasdirectlyresponsibleforthedevelopmentofcancers,asbestosis(石棉從容病)andrelateddiseases.Takingintoaccountevidenceprovidedbyeconomistsandbuildingindustrymanagement,however,thereportassumedthatdespitetheavailabilityofothermaterials,asbestoswouldcontinuetoplayamajorroleintheBritishbuildingindustryformanyyearstocomebecauseofitsavailabilityandlowcost.(2)Asaresult,theCouncilgaveaseriesofrecommendationswhichwereintendedtoreducetheriskstothosewhomightbeexposedtoasbestosinworkingenvironments.Theysuggestedthat,wherepossible,asbestos-freematerialsshouldbeemployed.Incaseswhereasbestoswasemployed,itwasrecommendedthatitshouldbeusedinsuchawaythatloosefiberswerelesslikelytoentertheair.Thereportadvisedthatspecialcareshouldbetakenduringworkinenvironmentswhichcontainasbestos.Workersshouldwearprotectiveequipmentandtakespecialcaretoremovedustfromtheenvironmentandclothingwiththeuseofvacuumcleaner.(3)Thereportidentifiedfivefactorswhichdeterminethelevelofriskinvolved.Thestateandtypeofasbestosiscriticaltodeterminingtheriskfactors.Inaddition,dustformationwasfoundtobelimitedwhereasbestoswasusedwhenwetratherthandry.(4)Thechoiceoftoolswasalsofoundtoaffectthequantitiesofasbestosparticlesthatentertheair.Machinetoolsproducegreaterquantitiesofdustthanhandtoolsand,wherepossible,theuseofthelatterwaspreferred.(5)Acriticalfactorwhichtakesplaceinriskreductionistheadequateventilationoftheworkingenvironment.Whenworktakesplaceinanenclosedspace,moreasbestosparticlescirculateandsonaturalormachineventilationshouldbeused.Bycloselyfollowingtheseadvices,itwasclaimedthatexposurecanbereducedtoareasonablypracticalminimum.（分数：4.00）(1).Accordingtothepassage,exposuretoasbestosfiberscancausecancer_____.（分数：2.00）

A.onlywhenasbestosisusedinbuildingindustry

B.onlywhenitisusedinlargequantities

C.evenifitisusedinsmallquantities

√

D.iftheyareusedwhenwetratherthandry解析：解析：根据題干中的exposuretoasbestosfibers定位到第1段倒数第2句。由该句可知，汇报认為，接触很少許的石棉纤维就足以引起癌症、石棉從容病等。由此可見，本題选C。A、B均無原文根据且都使用了绝對化的限定詞only，過于绝對的选项一般不是答案，故可排除。D是減少灰尘形成的措施，不符題意，也排除。(2).WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTthesuggestionputforwardbytheNMRC?（分数：2.00）

A.Specialcareshouldbetakenwhenatwork.

B.Itisbetterforpeopletouseasbestos-freematerials.

C.Thequantitiesofasbestosshouldbereduced.

D.Asbestosshouldcontinuetofunctionforyears.

√解析：解析：第1段末句指出，未来石棉仍會在英国建筑业中发挥重要作用。這句话虽出自国家醫疗研究理事會，但原文assumed一詞表明這只是他們的一种论断，并不是他們提出的提议，D是本題答案。根据第2段可知，A、B都是NMRC提出的提议，均可排除。最终三段都是有关怎样減少石棉颗粒，属于NMRC的提议，故可排除C。解答本題時考生要抓住題干的关键詞suggestion，在理解全文大意的前提下，通過浏览选项很快便能得出對的答案。(1)TeachersintheUnitedStatesearnlessrelativetonationalincomethantheircounterpartsinmanyindustrializedcountries,yettheyspendfarmorehoursinfrontoftheclassroom,accordingtoamajornewinternationalstudy.(2)ThesalarydifferentialsarepartofapatternofrelativelylowpublicinvestmentineducationintheUnitedStatescomparedwithothermembernationsoftheOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment(OECD),agroupinParisthatcompiledthereport.TotalgovernmentspendingoneducationalinstitutionsintheUnitedStatesslippedto4.8percentofgrossdomesticproductionin1998,fallingundertheinternationalaverage5percent-forthefirsttime.(3)"Thewholeeconomyhasgrownfasterthantheeducationsystems,"AndreasSchleicher,oneofthereport'sauthorsexplained."Theeconomyhasdoneverywell,butteachershavenotfullybenefited."(4)Thereport,dueouttoday,isthesixthoneducationpublishedsince1991bytheorganizationof30nations,foundedin1960,andnowcoveringmuchofEurope,NorthAmerica,Japan,SouthKorea,AustraliaandNewZealand.(5)Inadditiontotheteacherpaygap,thereportshowstheothercountrieshavebeguntocatchupwiththeUnitedStatesinhighereducation:collegeenrollmenthasgrownby20percentsince1995acrossthegroup,withoneinfouryoungpeoplenowearningdegrees.Forthefirsttime,theUnitedStatescollegegraduationrate,nowat33percent,isnottheworldhighest.Finland,theNetherlands,NewZealandandBritainhavesurpassedit.(6)TheUnitedStatesisalsoproducingfewermathematicsandsciencegraduatesthanmostoftheothermemberstates.And,thereportsays,acollegedegreeproducesagreaterboostinincomeherewhilethelackofahighschooldiplomaimposesabiggerincomepenalty.(7)"Thenumberofgraduatesisincreasing,butthatstimulatesevenmoreofademand—thereisnoendinsight,"Mr.Schleichersaid,"Thedemandforskill,clearly,isgrowingfasterthanthesupplythatiscomingfromschoolsandcolleges."(8)ThereportliststhesalaryforahighschoolteacherintheUnitedStateswith15yearsexperiencesas$36,219,abovetheinternationalaverageof$31,887butbehindsevenothercountriesandlessthan60percentofSwitzerland's$62,052.BecauseteachersintheUnitedStateshaveaheavierclassroomload,teachingalmostathirdmorehoursthantheircounterpartsabroad,theirsalaryperhourofactualteaching,$35,islessthantheinternationalaverageof$41(Denmark,SpainandGermanypaymorethan$50perteachinghour,SouthKorea$77).（分数：6.00）(1).WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?（分数：2.00）

A.PeopleearningdegreesintheOECDmembernationsareincreasingquickly.

B.CollegegraduationrateintheUnitedKingdomhasbeenincreasedto33%.

√

C.TheOECDhaspublishedsixeducationreportseversincetheyearof1991.

D.ThesalariesoftheU.S.teachersislessthanhalfofthoseinSouthKorea解析：解析：從第5段最终一句可知，英国高校的毕业率超過了美国的33％，故B(英国高校的毕业率已增長到33％)与原文不符，即為答案。根据第5段第1句可知，OECD其他组员国的大學入學率大幅提高，可排除A；根据第4段的内容可知，C的表述与原文一致，也排除；根据最终一段可知，美国教師实际的課酬只有每小時35美元，而韩国则到达77美元，D的表述也對的，也可排除。(2).WhichofthefollowingfiguresaboutU.S.isabovetheinternationalaverage?（分数：2.00）

A.Highschoolteachers'incomeperhour.

B.Governmentinvestmentoneducation.

C.Highschoolteachers'annualincome.

√

D.Highschoolgraduationrate.解析：解析：根据題干和各选项内容定位到最终一段。该段提到，一种有教龄的美国高中教師的薪水為36219美元，高于国际平均水平的31887美元。由此可見，C為對的答案。该段還指出，美国教師每小時的課酬為35美元，低于世界平均的41美元，故排除A；第2段中提到，美国教育方面的政府投人的比重下降為4．8％、低于世界平均的5％，故排除B；D未提及，故排除。(3).Anappropriatetitleforthepassagemightbe_____.（分数：2.00）

A.EducationalProblemsCausedbyEconomy

B.EducationStudyFindsU.S.FallingBehind

√

C.HigherDropoutRatesintheU.S.today

D.ADistinctContrastBetweenU.S.andAbroad解析：解析：本文從美国教師待遇不高入手，通過一份OECD汇报指出美国的教育发展正呈下降趋势：教育投入比重、教師課酬等低于世界平均水平；其他許多国家不停赶超美国。种种迹象表明，美国教育正在逐渐落後。由此可見，B為本題答案。文中虽有經济发展教育相對滞後的论述，但這并不是本文讨论的重點，故A可排除；全文没有中途辍學的表述，故C也可排除。D最具干扰性，由于文中有诸多美国和其他国家数据對比的论述，但全文以OECD的汇报為线索，著重指出的是美国教育出現的問題，和其他国家的對比也是為了突出這個论點，故D也应排除。(1)Ourknowledgeoftheoceanshundredsofyearsagowasconfinedtothetwo-dimensionalshapeoftheseasurfaceandthehazardsofnavigationpresentedbytheirregularitiesindepthoftheshallowwaterclosetotheland.Theopenseawasdeepandmysterious,andanyonewhogavemorethanapassingthoughttothebottomconfinesoftheoceansprobablyassumedthattheseabedwasflat.SirJamesClarkRosshadobtainedasoundingofover2,400fathomsin1839,butitwasnotuntil1869,whenH.M.S.PorcupinewasputatthedisposaloftheRoyalSocietyforseveralcruises,thataseriesofdeepsoundingswasobtainedintheAtlanticandthefirstsampleswerecollectedbydredging(挖掘)thebottom.ShortlyafterthisthefamousH.M.S.Challengerexpeditionestablishedthestudyofthesea-floorasasubjectworthyofthemostqualifiedphysicistsandgeologists.AburstofactivityassociatedwiththelayingofsubmarinecablessoonconfirmedtheChallenger'sobservationthatmanypartsoftheoceanweretwotothreemilesdeep,andtheexistenceofunderwaterfeaturesofconsiderablemagnitude.(2)Today,enoughsoundingsareavailabletoenableareliefmapoftheAtlantictobedrawnandweknowsomethingofthegreatvarietyoftheseabed'stopography(地形).Sincetheseacoversthegreaterpartoftheearth'ssurface,itisquitereasonabletoregardtheseafloorasthebasicformofthecrustoftheearth,with,superimposedupon,itthecontinents,togetherwiththeislandsandotherfeatu