2025版高考英语总复习Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars高考题型分组训练新人教版必修3

PAGEPAGE1Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars高考题型分组训练训练一语言学问运用板块训练——重情理，练准度(限时：25分钟)Ⅰ.完形填空(2024·太原市高三期末考)DingDingwasbornwithcerebralpalsy(脑瘫),anddoctorstoldhisparentshewas“notworthsaving”.Buthismother__1__doctorsandevenherhusband,devotingherlifetohelpinghersonovercomedifficultiesandmake__2__ofhisabilities.At29,DingDing,whohadcerebralpalsy,hasbeen__3__toHarvardIn1988,Dingnearlysuffocated(窒息)duringabirthcomplication,whichlefthimwithcerebralpalsy.Doctors__4__tohismotherZouHongyanthatshegiveupthebabysayingitwasworthlesstryingto__5__him.ThedoctorsaidDingwould__6__eitherdisabledorwith__7__intelligence.Eventheboy's__8__agreedwiththedoctors,andtoldZouthattheboywouldbeaburdenforthefamilyforhisentirelife.__9__Zouinsistedonsavingtheboyandsoondivorced.Tosupportthefamilyandprovide__10__forherson,Zou__11__severaljobs.Inhersparetime,shetaught__12__howtomassagehisstiffmuscles,andwouldalsoplayeducational__13__withhim.“Ididn'twanthimtofeel__14__abouthisphysicalproblems，”shesaid.“Iwasquitestrictwithhim,sohecould__15__withotherswhenhehaddifficulties.”Dinggraduatedwitha__16__inenvironmentalsciencefromPekingUniversityin2011.Thatsame__17__，hegotaseconddegreeattheuniversity'sinternationallawschool.In2024,DinggottheofferfromHarvard“Ineverdaredtodreamof__18__Harvard，”Dingsaid.“Itwasmymotherwho__19__stoppedencouragingmetogiveitatry.__20__Ihadanydoubts,shewouldguidemeforward.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。29岁的残疾人DingDing被哈佛高校录用，他将胜利归功于母亲的坚持和她无私的奉献。母亲不遗余力地帮助DingDing克服困难并充分挖掘其潜能，最终使他获得了胜利。1．A.ignored B．believedC．abandoned D．thanked[解析]考查动词辨析。A项意为“忽视，忽视”；B项意为“信任”；C项意为“遗弃，放弃”；D项意为“感谢”。由上文语境并结合“But”表示转折可知，这里表示DingDing的母亲对于医生和丈夫的看法不予理睬。故选A。[答案]A2．A.fun B．senseC．themost D．alist[解析]考查词义辨析。makethemostof是固定短语，意为“充分利用”，这里表示母亲奉献其一生帮助儿子克服困难并充分利用自己的实力。故选C。[答案]C3．A.returned B．acceptedC．moved D．compared[解析]考查动词辨析。A项意为“返回”；B项意为“接受”；C项意为“移动”；D项意为“比较”。由倒数其次段中的“DinggottheofferfromHarvardLawSchool”可知，DingDing在29岁时被哈佛高校录用。故选B。[答案]B4．A.lied B．apologizedC．explained D．suggested[解析]考查动词辨析。A项意为“说谎”；B项意为“致歉”；C项意为“说明”；D项意为“建议”。依据语境可知，此处指医生建议DingDing的母亲ZouHongyan放弃这个孩子。故选D。[答案]D5．A.support B．findC．rescue D．leave[解析]考查动词辨析。A项意为“支持”；B项意为“发觉，找到”；C项意为“挽救，营救”，D项意为“离开”。依据语境可知，医生建议母亲放弃这个孩子，说挽救他是没有价值的。故选C。[答案]C6．A.buildup B．growupC．workout D．setout[解析]考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“增加”；B项意为“成长，长大”；C项意为“解决，算出”；D项意为“起先，动身”。依据语境可知，医生说DingDing长大之后，不是残疾就是低智商。故选B。[答案]B7．A.super B．extraC．healthy D．low[解析]考查形容词辨析。A项意为“超级的”；B项意为“额外的”；C项意为“健康的”；D项意为“低的”。依据语境及空格前的“disabled”可知，此处表示残疾的或是低智商的。故选D。[答案]D8．A.nurse B．teacherC．father D．friend[解析]考查名词辨析。依据上文的“evenherhusband”和下文的“aburdenforthefamily”及“divorced”可知，此处指DingDing的父亲也赞成医生的看法。故选C。[答案]C9．A.But B．AndC．So D．For[解析]考查连词辨析。依据下文可知，DingDing的母亲坚持救他，而父亲的观点不同，此处表示转折，应用连词but。故选A。[答案]A10．A.production B．treatmentC．information D．entertainment[解析]考查名词辨析。A项意为“产品”；B项意为“治疗”；C项意为“信息”；D项意为“消遣”。由上文内容可知DingDing患有脑瘫，须要治疗。故选B。[答案]B11．A.quit B．triedC．tookup D．turnedoff[解析]考查动词(短语)辨析。A项意为“辞职”；B项意为“尝试”；C项意为“从事”；D项意为“关上”。依据语境可知，为了养家和给儿子看病，母亲不得不做好几份工作。故选C。[答案]C12．A.himself B．herselfC．it D．that[解析]考查代词辨析。依据语境可知，母亲空闲时间自学如何给儿子按摩僵硬的肌肉。句子主语是“she”，应用反身代词herself。故选B。[答案]B13．A.games B．musicC．roles D．exams[解析]考查名词辨析。A项意为“嬉戏”；B项意为“音乐”；C项意为“角色”；D项意为“考试”。由上文中的“with________intelligence”可知，为了开发儿子的智力，母亲跟他一起玩具有教化意义的嬉戏。故选A。[答案]A14．A.amused B．proudC．tired D．ashamed[解析]考查形容词辨析。A项意为“觉得好笑的”；B项意为“傲慢的”；C项意为“劳累的”；D项意为“惭愧的”。这里指母亲不想让儿子对自己在身体上存在的缺陷有惭愧感。故选D。[答案]D15．A.catchup B．endupC．chat D．agree[解析]考查动词(短语)辨析。A项意为“赶上”；B项意为“最终，结果”；C项意为“闲聊”；D项意为“同意”。空格前的“so”表示因果关系。因为母亲对儿子很严格，所以他遇到困难时能尽力赶上别人。故选A。[答案]A16．A.grade B．testC．schedule D．degree[解析]考查名词辨析。A项意为“分数”；B项意为“测试”；C项意为“时辰表”；D项意为“学位”。由上文中的“graduated”和下文中的“aseconddegree”可知，DingDing从北京高校环境科学专业毕业，获得了学位。故选D。[答案]D17．A.year B．sizeC．room D．kind[解析]考查名词辨析。由上文中的“in2011”和“same”可知，此处指同年DingDing又获得了一个学位。故选A。[答案]A18．A.goingover B．applyingtoC．lookingat D．sendingfor[解析]考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“复习，检查”；B项意为“申请”；C项意为“看”；D项意为“派人去请”。依据语境可知，此处指DingDing从不敢幻想去申报哈佛高校。故选B。[答案]B19．A.always B．everC．never D．yet[解析]考查副词辨析。A项意为“总是”；B项意为“曾经”；C项意为“从不”；D项意为“然而”。此处指母亲始终激励他前行，从不放弃。故选C。[答案]C20．A.However B．BecauseC．Since D．Whenever[解析]考查连词辨析。A项意为“不管怎样”；B项意为“因为”；C项意为“既然”；D项意为“无论何时”。由语境可知，无论DingDing什么时候遇到问题，母亲总是指引他前行。故选D。[答案]DⅡ.语法填空KiermanwasborninSydney,Whiletakingpartin2.____________importantracein1987,Kiermanbegantonoticethehugeamountofrubbishintheworld'soceans.Hedecidedtodosomethingaboutit.Heorganizedacommunityeventcalled“CleanUpSydneyHarbour”.OnSunday,January8,1989,morethan40,000volunteerscameout3.____________(clear)awayrubbish.Thenextyear,Kiermanmadetheclean－upanationalevent,4.____________turnedouttobeahugesuccess.AcrossAustralia,about300,000peoplespenttheday5.____________(improve)theirlocalenvironment.Sincethen,“CleanUpAustralia”hasgot6.____________(big)yearbyyear.In2002,forexample,800,000people7.____________(clean)upalmost15,000tonsofrubbishfromAustralia'sbeaches,parksandstreets.8．____________(inspire)bythesuccessofhisproject,Kiermanstartedanevenbiggerprogram.9.____________thehelpoftheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram,heintroduced“CleanUptheWorld”tootherpartsoftheworld.“CleanUptheWorld”hasbeengrowing10.____________(rapid)andhiswonderfulideahasnowspreadfromonecitytothewholeworld.语篇解读：本文为记叙文。Kierman在参与环球航海竞赛中，起先留意到海洋污染。于是，他组织成立了CleanUpSydneyHarbour，并取得了巨大的胜利。1．[解析]该空所填单词在句中作racedin的宾语，需用compete的名词形式。依据语境，此处需用复数。[答案]competitions2．[解析]该空表示泛指，important是以元音音素开头的单词，因此该空用an。[答案]an3．[解析]toclearawayrubbish是不定式短语作目的状语。[答案]toclear4．[解析]关系代词which指代先行词event，引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。[答案]which5．[解析]spendtimedoingsth.表示“某人花时间做某事”。[答案]improving6．[解析]这里指的是活动规模一年比一年大，故用比较级。[答案]bigger7．[解析]“In2002”是详细的过去时间作状语，谓语动词用一般过去时。[答案]cleaned8．[解析]Inspiredbythesuccessofhisproject是过去分词短语作状语，分词动作与逻辑主语Kierman之间是动宾关系。[答案]Inspired9．[解析]withthehelpof...表示“在……的帮助下”。[答案]With10．[解析]该空所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词，需用rapid的副词形式。[答案]rapidly训练二主观应用题板块训练——重语法，练规范(限时：45分钟)Ⅰ.语法填空(2024·湖南六校联考)Haveyouevernoticedthatyoufeelhappierandmorerelaxedafteryoueatbread,pastaorfruit?Doyoufindthatyouaremoreenergeticandawakeaftereatingyogurtorbeans?Thesethingsarenotaccidents.Foodaffects1.____________wefeelmorethanwethink.Scientistsresearching2.____________(it)effectonourmoodsarebeginningtounderstandthatwecaninfluenceourfeelingswithwhatweeat.Althoughourmoodsrelate3.____________havingvariousfood,itisnotquiteassimpleaschoosingthefoodfortherightoccasions.Ifthat4.____________(be)thecase,athleteswouldnoteatalotofcarbohydratesbeforearace.Anotherchemical5.____________(connect)withourmoodsiscaffeine,which6.____________(find)incoffee,chocolateandmanytypesoftea,anditisperhaps7.____________worstthingyoucanhavewhenyouarefeelingstressed.Ofcourse,8.____________(enjoy)anicemealwithfriends,whateverweeat,canalsoimpactourspirits.Beingwithfriendsandfamilyplaysabigpartinexperiencinghappiness.Most9.____________(important),though,rememberthefollowingoldrule:trytoeatdifferentfood,10.____________nottoomuch.语篇解读：我们所吃的食物会对我们的心情有影响。因此，我们要尝试吃不同的食物，但是不要吃太多。1．[解析]分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句；结合语境可以推断，应用疑问副词how引导该从句。[答案]how2．[解析]由名词effect可知，应用形容词性物主代词its。[答案]its3．[解析]relateto为固定搭配，意为“和……有关系”。[答案]to4．[解析]依据该句中的“athleteswouldnoteatalotofcarbohydratesbeforearace”可知，该句为虚拟语气，表示对目前状况的虚拟，故从句谓语动词用过去式were。[答案]were5．[解析]chemical和connect为动宾关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。[答案]connected6．[解析]此处which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为caffeine，和find之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态；此处是对客观状况的描述，应用一般现在时。[答案]isfound7．[解析]依据空后的形容词最高级worst可知，空处应用the。[答案]the8．[解析]分析该句结构可知，此处为动名词短语在句中作主语。[答案]enjoying9．[解析]空处修饰全句，故用副词形式。[答案]importantly10．[解析]依据语境可知，尝试吃不同的食物，但是不要吃太多。依据句意可知，空处应用转折连词。[答案]but/yetⅡ.短文改错(2024·河南南阳一中月考)IhavebeenusedtocarrysmallbagswithmetomanyoftheplacesIgotothem.Whenseensomeonemightneedasmile,Ijusthandhimabagandsay“haveanicerday”.I'mdelightedseehowitputsasmileonhisface.Idoitinthedoctor'soffice,thegrocerystoreandIhadevendoneitinWalmart.Ijustliketomakeatruepositivedifferenceinhowsomeone'sdayisgoing.There'sthesayingthatyoucan'thelpthewholeworldbutyoucanbetheworldwithoneperson.Andthat'swhichIwanttodo:makeadifferenceintheirdaysandletthemknowthatpeopledocare![答案]Ihavebeenusedtoeq\o(carry,\s\do15(carrying))smallbagswithmetomanyoftheplacesIgotoeq\o(them,＼).Wheneq\o(seen,\s\do15(seeing))someonemightneedasmile,Ijusthandhimabagandsay“haveaeq\o(nicer,\s\do15(nice))day”.I'mdelightedeq\o(∧,\s\do15(to))seehowitputsasmileonhisface.Idoitinthedoctor'soffice,thegrocerystoreandIeq\o(had,\s\do15(have))evendoneitinWalmart.Ijustliketomakeaeq\o(true,\s\do15(truly))positivedifferenceinhowsomeone'sdayisgoing.There'seq\o(the,\s\do15(a))sayingthatyoucan'thelpthewholeworldbutyoucanbetheworldeq\o(with,\s\do15(to))oneperson.Andthat'seq\o(which,\s\do15(what))Iwanttodo:makeadifferenceintheirdaysandletthemknowthatpeopledocare!Ⅲ.书面表达(2024·湖南部分重点中学演练)假定你是李华，即将去美国参与一个中美文化夏令营活动。请你依据以下内容要点给你的美国挚友Mike写一封信，告知他你的美国之行。1．此行的目的；2．活动的内容；3．你的期望。留意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细微环节，以使行文连贯；3．开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：中美文化沟通：Sino