山西省太原市2020届高三模拟考试试题（一）英语试题含解析

太原市2020年高三年级模拟试题（-）

英语试卷

本试卷采用闭卷、笔试形式。试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

注意事项：

1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。

2.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。

3.听力部分满分30分，不计入总分，考试成绩录取时提供给高校作参考。

4.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需

改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案用0.5刖黑色笔迹

签字笔写在答题卡上。

5.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡-并交回。

选择题

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂

到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Husbandandwife.C.Motherandson.

2.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?

A.Toapologizetoher.B.Tocancelameeting.C.Toputoffameeting.

3.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisvacation?

A.Worthwhile.B.Regretful.C.Enjoyable.

4.Whenisthewoman?sbirthday?

A.OnMarch17.B.OnMarch24.C.OnMarch31.

5.Wherearethetwospeakersprobably?

A.Inabank.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inarestaurant.

第二节（共15小题;每小题L5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，

各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Howmuchwilltherepairingcost?

A.19pounds.B.80pounds.C.90pounds.

7.Whatdocsthewomanadvisethemantodo?

A.TobuyanewTVset.B.Tofindanotherrepairshop.C.TohavetheoldTVrepaired.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatisthewomanlikelytobe?

A.Acleaner.B.Aguest.C.Awaitress.

9.Whydoesthewomanmakethephonecall?

A.Todealwithacomplaint.B.Toprovidearoomservice.C.Tocomplaintothe

customer.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.WhatistheofficialageofretirementinJapan?

A.60.B.65.C.70.

11Whydoesthewomankeepworking?

A.Becausesheisstillyoung.

B.Becausesheenjoysworking.

C.Becauseshehasfinancialproblems.

12.Whatdoesthemanplantodoafterretirement?

A.Todothegardening.B.Tostaywithhisfamily.C.Tofocusonhiscareer.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Whatdoesthewomando?

A.Ateacher.B.Aphotographer.C.Apublisher.

14.Whatisthebookabout?

A.Newcoffeetables.B.AportraitoftheUS.C.Famouslandmarks.

15.Whatismissingintheman*salbum?

A.Thethingspeopledo.B.Thewaypeoplelive.C.Streetperformances.

16.Whatwillthemandointhefollowingweeks?

A.Meetsomemusicians.B.Publishhisalbum.C.Takemorepictures.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whoisusuallyaskedtoreadtheletterinpublic?

A.Thehusband.B.Thewife.C.Theson.

18.WhydoesEmilytakeablankpaper?

A.Becauseshetakesitbymistake.

B.Becauseshewantstoplayajoke.

C.Becauseshehaslearnedthelinesbyheart.

19.WhatdoesBilldowhenhefindsthepaperisblank?

A.Hereadstheletternormally.B.Heaskshiswifetoreadit.C.lieblameshis

wifeforthemistake.

20.HowdoyoudescribeBill?

A.Heissmart.B.Heisstupid.C.Heiscareless.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

GreatinventorslikeThomasEdisonhaveimpactedpeople*sliveswiththeir

inventions.Whiletheircontributionsarecertainlyvaluable,otheramazing

inventionswereactuallycreatedbychildren!

Thetrampoline

Trampolinesaregreatforbothfunandexercise,buttheyareafairlyrecent

invention.Inthe1930s,GeorgeNissenwasinspiredtomakeabouncy"net"afterseeing

acircusperformance.Hethoughtitmoreentertainingforperformerstocontinue

bouncinginsteadoflandinginanet.So,attheageof16,hemadeitbystretching

thickclothinametalframe.

ThePopsicle

Coldweatherledtothecreationofadeliciousinvention-thePopsicle.Frank

Eppersonwasjust11yearsoldwhenheaccidentallycreatedhisfirstPopsicle.He

wasmakinghimselfasodadrinkandlefthisglassoutsideovernight.Whenhefound

itinthemorning,ithadfrozensolidwiththestir（搅拌）stickstillintheglass.

AndthefirstPopsiclewasborn.

Braille

Three-year-oldLouisBrailleexperiencedaseriouseyeinjurythatblindedhim

inbotheyes.Hestruggledtoreadbymovinghisfingersacrossraisedletters,but

thatprovedverydifficult.Attheageoftwelve,Louislearnedaboutacommunication

systemwheremessagescouldbereadsilentlywithfingertips.Hechangeditandcreated

Braille.Itsnowusedaroundtheworld!

BEACON

WhenHannahHerbstwasjust14yearsold,shewasnamedAmerica'sTopYoung

ScientistforinventingadevicecalledBEACON.Afterreceivingaletterfromher

Ethiopianpenpal,Hannahwasinspiredtocreateadevicethatcouldconverttheenergy

fromoceanwavesintoelectricitywhichshehopeswillhelppeoplewithouteasyaccess

toelectricity.

1.Whichoftheinventionsgreatlybenefitstheblind?

A.Thetrampoline.B.ThePopsicle.

C.Braille.D.BEACON.

2.Whowasawardedanationaltitleforhis/herinvention?

A.GeorgeNissen.B.FrankEpperson.

C.LouisBraille.D.HannahHerbst.

3.Whatdothechildinventorshaveincommon?

A.Theywereallawardedfortheiramazinginventions.

B.Theyallmadeimprovementsonpreviousinventions.

C.Theywereallteenagerswhentheymadetheirinventions.

D.Theyallinventedgreatthingsthatinfluencepeopleyslives.

【答案】1.C2.D3.D

【解析】

【分析】

本文为说明文，介绍了蹦床、棒冰、盲文、灯塔等几项小孩子的大发明，影响了世界。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据关键词theblind定位到第四段，由Attheageoftwelve,Louislearned

aboutacommunicationsystemwheremessagescouldbereadsilentlywithfingertips.

HechangeditandcreatedBraille.Itsnowusedaroundtheworld!可知，十二岁时，

路易斯学会了一种可以用指尖默默读取信息的通讯系统。他改变了它，创造了盲文。现在全

世界都在使用。所以布莱叶盲文使盲人受益匪浅，故选C。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句WhenHannahHerbstwasjust14yearsold,shewasnamed

America，sTopYoungScientistforinventingadevicecalledBEACON.可知，当Hannah

Herbst只有14岁的时候，她因为发明了一种名为BEACON的设备而被提名为美国最顶尖的年

轻科学家。可知选D。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据首段第二句GreatinventorslikeThomasEdisonhaveimpactedpeople，s

liveswiththeirinventions.Whiletheircontributionsarecertainlyvaluable,other

amazinginventionswereactuallycreatedbychildren!可知，像托马斯•爱迪生这样

伟大的发明家用他们的发明影响了人们的生活。虽然他们的贡献当然是有价值的，但其他令

人惊异的发明实际上是由孩子们创造！由此判断出这些儿童发明的共同点是孩子创造的的神

奇发明影响了人们的生活，故选D。

【点睛】易错项解析：小题3极易误选C项，文中提到发明者的年龄分别是16,11,12和14

岁，而选项中teenagers一词通常是指“介于十三岁到十九岁的少年”，故第二项和第三项

发明者11岁和12岁与选项不符，故排除C。

B

WhenSarahWishniareceivedaniPadfromherdaughter,“ItwaslikeGreekto

me.”MaxRosenblumshowedherhowtosocializeonFacebookandshoponAmazonwith

hernewdevice.WithMax'shelp,ElenalearnedtogiveorderstoSiri,Mikefamiliarized

himselfwithWazeandHoneybegansearchingforinformationaboutmovies,restaurants

andbooksonhersmartphone.Maxis16,arisingjuniorinDavie.Hisstudentsare

residentsofCoralGables,fascinatedbytechnologyandeagertolearnaboutthis

bravenewfrontier.Maxbeganofferinghistechcoachingforseniorsayearago,after

hehelpedhisgrandmotherwithheriPhoneandiPad.Hetaughtherhowtotextand

useFacebook.HealsodownloadedaScrabbleappforhertoplay."Shelovedit,“he

said,notwithoutatraceofpride.

Thatexperienceinspiredhimandhisparents,AdamandHeather.Theyreachedout

toaconnectionatCoralGablesandlaunchedawebsite,techmaxed.com.Healso

recruited（招募）otherteenstoteachtheone-on-onelessonsinCoralGables.These

youthsgototheretirementcommunitiesatleastonceamonth.Thoughteachingaclass

mightappeartobemoreexpedient,soonMaxfoundoutthatgroupsessionssimplydidn，t

work.uPeopleareatdifferentlevels,anditwashardtoteachthatway,“hesaid.

“It'smuchbettertogivethemindividualhelp.”"Mostpeoplecomemorethanonce,“

headded."Ihavemyregulars.”

“Firstheshowedmehowtogetmyemailonthephone,“Rosen,88,said,“and

thenhewroteupashortstep-by-stepguideformesoIcouldremember."Maxadmits

thatteachingolderadultstakestime,buthefigureshe'salsopayingitforward.

“MaybewhenI'm87andthere*snewtechnology,“hesaid,asomebodywillteach

me,too.”

4.WhatcanweinferaboutSarahWishniawhenshereceivedtheiPad?

A.Shehadnointerestinit.B.ShecouldnotshoponAmazon.

C.Shehadsomedifficultyusingit.D.Shemanagedtouseitbyherself.

5.WhydidMaxbeginteachingseniorstousesmartdevices?

A.Becausehewasfamiliarwiththenewfrontier.

B.Becauseheenjoyedtalkingwithseniorresidents.

C.Becausehewantedtoapplythenewtechnology.

D.Becausehegotinspiredafterteachinghisgrandma.

6.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“expedient“underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Exhausting.B.Practical.

C.Profitable.D.Creative.

7.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Asciencebook.B.Atravelguide.

C.Alocalnewspaper.D.Aproductintroduction.

【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.C

【解析】

本文为记叙文。作为科技迷的16岁少年Max在教会了奶奶学习使用iPhone和iPad之后得到

启发，在父母的帮助下，推出网站并招募了一群小伙伴专门为老年人提供一对一的指导学习

新科技。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据笫一段“WhenSarahWishniareceivedaniPadfromherdaughter,JIt

waslikeGreektome.’MaxRosenblumshowedherhowtosocializeonFacebookandshop

onAmazonwithhernewdevice.〃“ItwaslikeGreekto意思是“我全然不懂”，

后文提到Sarah需要MaxRosenblum的帮助来使用iPad,由此判断出当莎拉•维什尼亚收到

iPad时，她用起来有些困难。故选择C。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据题干关键词uteachingseniorstousesmartdevices”可以定位到文章

第一段“Maxbeganofferinghistechcoachingforseniorsayearago,afterhehelped

hisgrandmotherwithheriPhoneandiPad.”（Max一年前开始为老年人提供技术指导，

此前他帮助祖母使用iPhone和iPad。）后面句子也做出了详细解释“Thatexperience

inspiredhimandhisparents,AdamandHeather”,可知，他在教奶奶之后受到了启发，

故选Do

【6题详解】

词义猜测题。定位到原文中的句子“Thoughteachingaclassmightappeartobemore

expedient,soonMaxfoundoutthatgroupsessionssimplydidn'twork.w从前后转折

关系中判断出这个词的意思应当是正向的，排除A,又从后文Peopleareatdifferentlevels,

anditwashardtoteachthatway,'hesaid.It'smuchbettertogivethemindividual

help.进一步的解释中了解到班级教学尽管实用，但是个别帮助更好一些，选项B意为“实用

的”，符合语境，故选B。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。短文叙述了作为科技迷的16岁少年Max在教会了奶奶学习使用iPhone和iPad

之后得到启发，在父母的帮助下，推出网站并招募了一群小伙伴专门为老年人提供一对一的

指导学习新科技。文章为记叙类，讲述事件内容，符合新闻写作习惯。故判断出短文来自于

当地报纸。故选C。

C

TheChineseDoctorWhoBeatthePlague（瘟疫）

Inthewinterof1910,Dr.WuLien-tehsteppedoffatraininthenorthernChinese

cityofHarbin.Hewastheretosolveamedicalmystery,atgreatpersonalrisk.Over

thepastfewmonths,anunknowndiseasehadsweptalongtheraiIwaysofnortheastChina,

killing99.9%ofitsvictims.TheQingImperialcourthadsenttheCambridge-educated

Dr.Wunorthtostoptheepidemic（流行病）.

WhenDr.WuarrivedinHarbinonChristmasEve,1910,hecarriedlittleinthe

wayofmedicalinstrumentsandhadonlyoneassistant.OneofWu'sfirstactsupon

arrivalwastosetupspecialquarantine（隔离）unitsandtoorderlockdownstostop

infectedpersonsfromtravelingandspreadingthedisease.Hehadteamscheck

householdsforpossiblecases,andevenmanagedtoconvinceauthoritiestocompletely

closetherailwaysintheearlyweeksof1911.Ofparticularconcernwastheupcoming

ChineseNewYearholiday,whichhadbecomeagreatannualmigrationofpeopletraveling

acrossthecountrytoseetheirfamilies.

ThankstoDr.Wu'sefforts,thenumberofplaguevictimsbegantodiedown,and

byMarch1,1911,theepidemicwasfullycontained.Thepneumonic（肺炎的）plague

outbreakof1910-1911lastednearlyfourmonths,affectedfiveprovincesandsixmajor

cities,andaccountedforover60,000deaths.Itisclearthatwithoutthebraveand

decisiveactionstakenbyDr.Wuitcouldhavebeenmuchworse.Hadtheepidemicgone

unchecked,allowingholidayrailpassengerstospreadthediseasetotherestofChina

couldhavemeantacatastrophiclossoflifeandpossiblyaglobalhealthcrisis.

InApril1911,Dr.WuchairedanInternationalPlagueConferenceinShenyang,

attendedbyscientistsfrom11countriesincludingtheUnitedStates,GreatBritain,

Russia,JapanandFrance.TheypraisedDr.Wuforhishandlingofthe1910-1911

outbreak.Foratime,Dr.Wuwastheworld'smostfamousplaguefighter,atitlehe

defendedinamalariaepidemicinChinain1919,andareturnofplaguein1921.

8.WhatwasDr.Wu'smissionin1910?

A.Totakepersonalrisks.B.Toendanepidemic.

C.Toprovidemedicaleducation.D.Toinvestigatethenumberof

victims.

9.WhichofDr.Wu'sactsstoppedthediseasefromspreadingnationwide?

A.Settingupspecialquarantineunits.

B.Carryingwithhimmedicalinstruments.

C.Checkinghouseholdsforpossiblecases.

D.Convincingauthoritiestoclosetherailways.

10.Whatcanweinferfromthethirdparagraph?

A.ThediseaseworsenedafterMarch1,1911.

B.60,000wouldhavediedwithoutDr.Mb'sefforts.

C.Theworldwassavedfromamajorepidemicin1911.

D.Aglobalhealthcrisisfollowedthe1910-1911outbreak.

11.WhatcanweknowaboutDr.Wufromthelastparagraph?

A.Hecontinuedtofightplaguesafter1911.

B.Hewasinfectedwithmalariain1919.

C.Hetravelledworldwidehostingconferences.

D.Heclaimedplagueswouldneverhappenagain.

【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A

【解析】

【分析】

本文为人物传记。介绍了一位打败瘟疫的中国医生伍连德博士。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话TheQingImperialcourthadsenttheCambridge

educatedDr.Wunorthtostoptheepidemic（流行病）可知，派伍博士去北方的目的是阻

止流行病。故选B。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段第三句Hehadteamscheckhouseholdsforpossiblecases,and

evenmanagedtoconvinceauthoritiestocompletelyclosetherailwaysintheearly

weeksof1911.在1911年的前几周，他还派人检查了各家各户的情况，甚至说服当局彻底

关闭了铁路。D选项说服当局关闭铁路是阻止全国扩散的措施。故选及

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段后两句话Itisclearthatwithoutthebraveanddecisiveactions

takenbyDr.Wuitcouldhavebeenmuchworse.Hadtheepidemicgoneunchecked,allowing

holidayrailpassengerstospreadthediseasetotherestofChinacouldhavemeant

acatastrophiclossoflifeandpossiblyaglobalhealthcrisis.很明显没有伍博士

果断的行动，情况会更糟。如果对流行病置之不理且不封铁路，允许疾病传播意味着灾难性

的生命损失和全球健康危机。故第三段我们能推断出1911年，世界免于一场大规模疫情。故

选Co

11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句InApril1911,Dr.WuchairedanInternationalPlague

Conference-".和最后一句Foratime,Dr.Wuwastheworld'smostfamousplaguefighter,

atitlehedefendedinamalariaepidemicinChinain1919,andareturnofplague

in1921.可知，吴医生是世界上最著名的抗疫斗士，在1919年中国疟疾流行和1921年鼠疫

卷土重来的时候，他捍卫了这个头衔。由此判断出1911年后，他继续与瘟疫作斗争。故

选A«

【点睛】细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行

提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该

题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇

幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快

速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。

正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改写，意思不变。如换一个同义词，把

否定改为肯定，把肯定改为否定等。

例如本题第2小题,WhichofDr.Wu'sactsstoppedthediseasefromspreadingnationwide?

由题干Kstoppedthediseasefromspreadingnationwidew可以锁定原文第二段第三句"He

hadteamscheckhouseholdsforpossiblecases,andevenmanagedtoconvince

authoritiestocompletelyclosetherailwaysintheearlyweeksof1911.”在1911

年的前几周，他还派人检查了各家各户的情况，甚至说服当局彻底关闭了铁路。D选项说服当

局关闭铁路是阻止全国扩散的措施。故选D项。

D

1sentamessagetomysisterat12:30p.m.duringmylunchtoaskherabout

myfather，sprogress.Hewashavinghissecondkneesurgeryandmyexpectationswere

thesameastheprevioussuccessfulsurgery.Mybrotherpickedmeupfromschooland

weheadedforthehospital.

Whenwearrivedatthehospital,myfirstquestionwas“Howishedoing?”My

fatherwasconnectedtoabreathingmachineandhisfacewasveryswollen.Itried

mybestnottocrybecause1wassupposedtointerpretforhimwhatwashappening

asthenursesdidnotspeakSpanish.Ihadneverseenmyfatherthisway.lielooked

sofragileanddifferentfromthestrongmanIknew.Iaskedhimhowhewasdoing

andhesaidhewasfine.IreturnedtothelobbyandIwasinastatewhereIrealized

thatmyhero,bestfriend,andloveofmylifewasinadangerousstateandatthis

pointanythingcouldhappen.

IrecalledonwhenIwasachild."I’mgoingtothestorewwerealwayshiswords

andthatwaswithoutadoubtmycuetofollowhim.Wewouldwalktothecar,and

sometimesif1waslucky,Igotawaywithsittinginthefrontseat.Wewouldarrive

atthestoreandhealwayssaid“GetwhateveryouwantandsomethingforAna”；Ana

ismysister.MydadandIwerebestfriends,henevershowedpreferencewithhis

children,butIjustalwayshappenedtofollowhim.Itwasokayformetocrywhen

IwantedsomethingbecauseIwashisyoungestgirl,hecouldn，tsaynotome.

Allalongmyfatherhaddedicatedhislifetogivingusthebest.Growingupdoes

notnecessarilymeanthatonemustdistancefromourparentsbecauseitischildish;

itisatimetotakeactionandembracethefeelingsbecauseitistherightthing

todo.Lifepresentsussignalstoacknowledgeandvaluewhatisthemostimportant

inlife.

12.Howwastheauthor'sfatherwhenshearrivedatthehospital?

A.Hewasdangerouslyweak.B.liewasworriedabouthislife.

C.Heremainedhealthyandstrong.D.Hewasunconsciousandcouldn,t

speak.

13.Howdidtheauthorfeelafterknowingherfather'ssituation?

A.Sympathetic.B.Worried.

C.Optimistic.D.Indifferent.

14.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor'schildhood?

A.Shenevertooknoforananswer.

B.Shewasherfather'sfavoritechild.

C.Shefollowedherfatheralotasayounggirl.

D.Shegotawayfromherfamilyatanearlyage.

15.Whatadvicedoestheauthorgiveattheendofthetext?

A.Valueyourlovedonesandkeepthemclose.

B.Growupandshareyourparents*responsibility.

C.Careforyourparents，healthbeforeit'stoolate.

D.Distancefromyourfamilyandbeindependent.

【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.A

【解析】

本文为记叙文。本文讲述了作者对父亲病情的担忧，从而回想起小时候父母的关爱，呼吁我

们要珍惜所爱的人，和他们保持亲密。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段Myfatherwasconnectedtoabreathingmachineandhisface

wasveryswollen.我的父亲需要依靠呼吸机，他的脸非常肿胀。和Helookedsofragileand

differentfromthestrongmanIknew.他看上去如此脆弱，与我所认识的那个强壮的男人

截然不同。可知作者父亲很虚弱，病情危险，故选A。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句话IreturnedtothelobbyandIwasinastatewhere

Irealizedthatmyhero,bestfriend,andloveofmylifewasinadangerousstate

andatthispointanythingcouldhappen（我回到大厅，我意识到我的英雄,最好的朋友,

我一生的挚爱，处于一种危险的状态，此时此刻，任何事情都可能发生）由此判断出，作者

对父亲的病情感到担忧，故选B。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句话Ijustalwayshappenedtofollowhim,可知她小

时候经常跟着她父亲，故选C。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句Lifepresentsussignalstoacknowledgeandvalue

whatisthemostimportantinlife.(生活向我们发出信号,让我们认识和珍惜生活中最

重要的东西)由此判断出作者建议我们要珍惜所爱的人，和他们保持亲密。故选A。

第二节(共5小题;每小题3分,满分15分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Can'tResistJunkFood?StudySuggestsYouTryThisSimpleTrick

You'retiredandhungry.Thenyoucatchawhiffofsomethingdelicious,probably

friedandalmostcertainlyfattening.Itisfriedchicken!16Anewresearch

saysthatexposingtothesmellofjunkfoodforatleasttwominutescanactually

helpyoumakehealthierfoodchoices.

Let'stakeacloserlookatthisprocess.Haveyouevernoticedthatwhatever

appetizingtreatcatchesyournose'sattentiontendstobemostappealingjustafter

youfirstsmellit?Whatwillhappenifyou*restandinginlineafteracoupleof

minutes?17Andrecentsciencesaysthatthisisactuallytherightmoment

towalkaway.

Theresultsofaseriesofexperiments,includingfieldstudiesatasupermarket

andatamiddleschoolcafeteria,showthatextendedexposure(ofmorethantwominutes)

tojunkfoodsmell(e.g,cookiesmell)leadstolowerpurchasesofunhealthyfoods

comparedwithhealthysmell(e.g.strawberrysmell).18Thatiswhylong

exposuretojunkfoodsmellcanbeassatisfactoryasactuallyhavingitinyourmouth,

whichinturndecreasesthedesireforconsumptionofjunkfood.

19Whentheexposuretosmellofhealthyfoodwereexamined,foodchoices

werenotprofoundlyinfluenced.Thereasonforthisisthathealthyfoodarenot

connectedwithrewardinourbrainandthereforehavelittleinfluenceonwhatwe

desire.

Sonexttimeyou'refeelingyoudon，thavethewillpowertoresistthatFrench

friesitmightbeassimpleassittingthereandsmellingallthatsweetnessforjust

aminuteortwo.20

A.Butwaitaminutebeforeyouorder.

B.It'saresponsethathasbeenresearched.

C.Getthesatisfactionwithnoneofthecalories.

D.Itisn'tquiteasirresistibleasitwasjustmomentsago.

E.However,it'snotthesamecasewithsmellofhealthyfood.

F.It,sthesameasactuallyeatingitbecauseyourdesiretoeatitissatisfied.

G.Thebraindoesn'tnecessarilydistinguishbetweenapleasurablesmellortaste.

【答案】16.A17.D18.G19.E20.F

【解析】

本文为说明文，介绍了几项抵制垃圾食品诱惑的技巧。

【16题详解】

根据下——句“Anewresearchsaysthatexposingtothesmellofjunkfoodforatleast

twominutescanactuallyhelpyoumakehealthierfoodchoices.”可知,暴露在垃圾食

品中至少两分钟会帮助你选择健康食品，所以本句与等待时间有关，表达''但是在预定之前

先等一下”.故A选项“但是在预定之前先等一下”切题。故选A。

【17题详解】

根据前文连发的两个问句可知，垃圾食品在第一次被闻到时非常吸引人，那么在排队等了几

分钟之后会发生什么呢?根据下一句可知，这恰恰是要离开的时刻，可知，本句在表达“它已

经不像几分钟之前那么不可抗拒了。”故D选项“它已经不像几分钟之前那么不可抗拒了”

切题。故选D。

【18题详解】

根据本段开头提示，可知一系列的实验结果表明暴露在垃圾食品的气味中多于两分钟后会导

致垃圾食品购买量的下降，在进行客观结果描述，所以排除易错选项F,同时，下一句在解释

闻到气味就如同嘴巴吃到了一样满足。可知空处所在句要表达大脑对味觉和嗅觉区分不明显。

故G选项“大脑对味觉和嗅觉区分不明显”切题。故选选G。

【19题详解】

从下一句“当检测健康食物的气味时，食物选择并没有受到很大的影响。”可以得知空格内

容与健康食物的气味相关，并且表达转折的语义。故E选项“然而，健康食物的味道就不一

样了。”切题。故选E。

【20题详解】

根据前句"itmightbeassimpleassittingthereandsmellingallthatsweetnessfor

justaminuteortwo.〃（最简单的方法是坐在那里闻上一两分钟香甜的味道）与选项中

“It'sthesameasactuallyeatingitbecauseyourdesiretoeatitissatisfied.

（闻到味道与吃到它是一样可以满足愿望的。）承接自然，话题一致。故选F。

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分55分）

第一节（共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选

项。

WhenpeoplefindoutmysonSamisacompetitivemathlete,theyusuallyaskif

myhusbandandIare“mathpersons”.Theanswerisdefinitelynot.

Ninthgradewas21forSam.Toprepareforacompetition,he

took22practicetests,whichweresometimesas23asthreehours.In

theend,hedidn'tdoaswellashe'dhopedandwas21byamathcamphe'dapplied

to.

Hewanderedintomyofficeonedaylastspring,murmuring.

“Ijustfeellikethewholeyear，sbeena25”

Igetit.Howmanydays-weeks,months-haveI“wasted“writing

the26sceneover,andoveragain?Writinganovelsometimesfeelsliketwo

stepsforward,onestepback.27wheneverIfeellikethat,Itry

to28myselfthatnomatterwhathappenswithmybook,Vve29thetime

rvespentworkingonit.ThedelightIfindinwritingis30forme.

“Nothing'severwasted.Youmaynothavegottenthe31youwanted,but

asyoutrytosolvethe32problems,youaremakingprogresswitheacheffort

youmake.”

Heshrugged（耸肩）.“Ifeellikeeveryoneelsedidbetterthanme.”

Samwastalkingaboutthe33boards,wheremathkidscometogetherto

shareresourcesand,moreoftenthannot,34theirwins.

“Iknowitfeelsthatway,butitisn'ttrue.Youknowpeople35their

successesfarmorethantheir36,〃Isaid,asmuchtomyselfastoSam.

JustlikeSam,Ican，tcontrolthe37,onlymyinput.Todevotetime

tosomethingwithno38ofitssuccessisriskyand39But,then

again,soiseverything.

Andyoudon，tneedtobea(n)____40___persontoknowthat.

21.A.simple