Unit1ScienceandScientistsReadingandthinking知识点课件高中英语人教版选择性

Readingandthinking课文知识点1oneofthemostfeareddiseases2becomefrustrated3attendtosb4losedesiretodosth5onceandforall6ingeneral7twocontradictorytheories最可怕的疾病之一变得沮丧照顾某人失去做某事的欲望一劳永逸,彻底地一般说来两种截然不同的看法Importantphrases8aninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater9subscribetothesecondtheory10intwoparticularstreets11bedeterminedtofindoutwhy12beginbymarkingtheexactplaces13multipledeathsnearthewaterpump食物或水中细菌的感染赞同第二种看法在两条特别的街道上下决心找出原因从标记确切的位置开始水泵附近多人死亡Importantphrases(P2)14suspectthatthewaterpumpistoblame15what’smore/moreover16haveitdeliveredtoherhouse17asaresultoftheevidence18havethehandleremoved19rawwaste怀疑是水泵造成的而且让人把它送到她家由于这个证据拆掉把手未经处理的废弃物Importantphrases(P2-P3)Cholera

used

to

be

one

of

the

most

feared

diseases

in

the

world,

until

aBritish

doctor,

John

Snow,

showed

how

it

could

be

overcome.

This

illnesscauses

severe

diarrhoea,

dehydration,

and

even

death.

In

the

early

19thcentury,

when

an

outbreak

of

cholera

hit

Europe,

millions

of

peopledied

from

the

disease.

As

a

young

doctor,

John

Snow

became

frustratedbecause

no

one

knew

how

to

prevent

or

treat

cholera.

In

time,

he

rose

tobecome

a

famous

doctor,

and

even

attended

to

Queen

Victoria

when

shegave

birth.

However,

he

never

lost

his

desire

to

destroy

cholera

once

and

for

all.para.1intime1)及时地，按时2)迟早，终究；最终，最后例：1.Ican'tensurethathewillbethereintime.2.Youwilllearnhowtodoitintime.

Ingeneral,doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictorytheoriestoexplain

how

Cholera

spread.One

theorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.Theother

wasthat

cholera

was

causedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.Snowsubscribedtothesecond

theory.Itwascorrect,buthestillneededproof.Consequently,whenanoutbreak

ofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegan

toinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwo

particularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwas

so

severethat

morethan500peoplediedin

tendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindout

why.para.21.Itrainedso

heavilythatwehadtostayathome.2.Thequestionissodifficultthatwecannotworkitout.3.Itissobusyadaythatwedon’tgoswimming.ObserveandFind

主语+实义动词+so+

副词+that从句

主语+系动词（be,become,feel等）+so+形容词+that从句

主语+系动词+so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句Importantsentences(P2~P3)4.IhavemadesomanymistakesthatImuststayathometoreflectonthem.5.Whatapity!Wehavegot

solittlemoneythatwecannoteatatrestaurants.6.TheshirtcostsomuchthatIdidnotwanttotakeit.

主语+谓语+so+many/few+可数名词复数+that从句

主语+谓语+so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句

主语+谓语+so+many(much,few,little)+that从句ObserveandFindImportantsentences(P2~P3)so...that用于倒装结构→The

speaker

was

so

nervous

that

his

legs

were

trembling.即学即练这个演讲者如此紧张，以至于双腿发抖。（翻译）→Sonervouswasthespeakerthathis

legs

were

trembling.Importantsentences(P2~P3)Snow

beganbymarkingonamaptheexact

place

whereall

thosewhodiedhadlived.There

weremultipledeathsnearthewaterpumpin

BroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38,and40).However,somehouseholds(suchas20and21BroadStreet,and8and9Cambridge

Street)had

hadnodeaths.These

people

workedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.They

had

been

givenfreebeer,andsohadnotdrunk

the

water

from

the

pump.Snowsuspectedthat

thewaterpumpwastoblame.Whatismore,inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandher

daughterhaddiedofcholeraaftermovingawayfromBroadStreet.

para.3Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehad

itdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.Asaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Accordingly,hehad

thehandleof

thepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthisintervention,the

diseasewasstoppedinitstracks.para.3Itseemsthat/asif...…表示“看起来…似乎...”在我看来他似乎什么事都知道了。Itseemstomethathehasknowneverything.=(Heseemstohaveknowneverything)

看起来要下雪了。Itseemsthat/asifitisgoingtosnow.

单句语法填空(1)__________

seemsthatmosthouseshavebeendestroyedbythestorm.(2)Itappears__________

hehasatalentforplayingthepiano.完成句子(3)________________(事实证明)wewerewrong.(4)____________________（他突然想到）hehadanimportantmeetingtoattendthenextmorning.(5)____________________（碰巧）theharvestwasbadthatyear.ItthatItoccurredtohimthatIthappenedthatItturnedoutthat1、（主语）请/派别人完成某事。如：Wehadthemachinerepaired.我们请人把机器修好了。2、（主语）完成某事（可能参与）。如：Theyaregoingtohave(=got)somethreesplanted.他们打算植些树。3、（主语）遭受某种不幸的情况。如：YesterdayIhadmywalletstolen.昨天我的钱包被偷了。Havesth.done

的语法意义：ThetruthwasthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.Moreover,Snowwaslaterabletoshowalinkbetweenothercasesofcholeraand

thedifferentwatercompaniesinLondon.SomecompaniessoldwaterfromtheRiver

Thamesthatwaspollutedbyrawwaste.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuch

morelikelytogetcholerathanthosewhodrankpureorboiledwater.para.4待处理的废水，原废水一个句子作表语的从句叫表语从句ThetruthwasthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste

连接表语从句的连接词有：that,whether,what,who,when,where,which,why,how,because,asif...

Hehasbecomewhathewantedtobetenyearsago.

他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。Theproblemiswhenwecangetapayrise.问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuch

morelikelytogetcholerathanthosewhodrankpureorboiledwater.1212都是定语从句belikelytodo“可能做某事”1)Heislikelytopasstheexam.(改写句式)2)Indesperation,peoplelikeZhangwouldbeverylikelytodosuchextremethings.（翻译句子）陷于绝望之中，像张某这样的人极可能做出极端的事情。ThroughSnow'stirelessefforts,watercompaniesbegantosellcleanwater,andthe

threatofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantialdecrease.However,choleraisstill

aproblem.Eachyear,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldgetcholeraandmanydie

fromit.Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,thankstotheworkofJohn

Snow.Moreover,inhisuseofmapsandstatistics,Snowtransformedthewayscientiststudydiseases.Forthisreason,Snowisconsideredthefatherofmodernepidemiologypara.5不懈的努力大幅减少死于为此;正因如此[ˌepɪˌdiːmiˈɒlədʒi]...thethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantialdecrease.

……世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。

无生命的名词+see/find