安徽省宿州市泗县第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题

泗县一中20232024学年度第二学期高二开学质量检测试卷英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodo?A.Buysomemagazines.B.Gotothehospital.C.Returnsomebooks.2.Onwhichdaywouldthewomanliketogotothezoo?A.Saturday.B.Friday.C.Sunday.3.WhereisJenniferworkingnow?A.Inahospital.B.Inacollege.C.Inadrugstore.4.Whenwilltheflightarrive?A.At2:30pm.A.At1:00pm.C.At1:30pm.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themanneedstofinishthebook.B.Thebookisboring.C.Themanshouldcheckwithhisprofessor.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白：每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdidthemandolastSaturday?A.Hestudiedalot.B.Hejoinedaclub.C.Hewentcamping.7.Whydopeoplejoin“FlashPlay”?A.Tomakefriends.B.Toearnmoney.C.Toplaysportsinside.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhydoesDianasaysorrytoPeter?A.Shehastogiveuphertravelplan.B.Sheneedstoputoffhertest.C.Shewantstovisitanothercity.9.WhatdoesDianawantPetertodo?A.Takeabooktoherfriend.B.Helpherwithherstudy.C.Teachageographylesson.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wherearethespeakers?A.InBoston.B.InNewOrleans.C.InMemphis.11.Whatdoestheboythinkofskiinginthefrontyard?A.Itispopular.B.Itisunsafe.C.Itisuninteresting.12.Whydoesthegirlknowsomuchaboutthesnow?A.Shelearnedaboutitfromhermother.B.Shegrewupinacoldarea.C.Shespenteverywinterinthemountains.听第9段材料，回答第3至16题。13.Whatisthewoman?A.Astudent.B.Adoctor.C.Ateacher.14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Givingaclass.B.Goingshopping.C.Makingasurvey.15.Howmanyhoursaweekdoesthemanwork?A.About40.B.About50.C.About14.16.Whatdoesthemanspendthreehoursdoingperweek?A.Talkingtofriends.B.Reading.C.Talkingtothefamily.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatdidJohnenjoydoinginhischildhood?A.TouringFrance.B.Playingoutdoors.C.Paintingpictures.18.WhatdidJohndosoonafterhemovedtotheUS?A.Hestudiedbiology.B.HedidbusinessC.Heworkedonafarm.19.WhydidJohninitiallygohunting?A.Formoney.B.Forpleasure.C.Forfood.20.WhatarethemainobjectsofJohn’sworks?A.Americanbirds.B.Humanbehaviors.C.Familymembers.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50)第一节共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhatdoyoudowhenyouhaveafewminutestospare?Therearethousandsofpuzzlestochoosefromthatcanbeworkedonatyourconvenience.Theyallhavesomethinginmon:theytestyourskillsorknowledge.Herearefourofthemostmon.WordpuzzlesOneofthemostpopularwordpuzzles—thecrossword—hasbeenaroundfornearly110years.Crosswordscanbedonewithpaperandpenciloronline.Sometimeswordpuzzlesinvolvefindingnewwordswithinalargegroupofletters.Thistypeofwordpuzzleiscalledawordsearch.Wordpuzzlesusuallytestyourvocabulary.Knowingthelanguagethatthegameisdesignedinisrequiredforsuccess,however.MathpuzzlesMathpuzzlesinvolvenumbers,wordsorobjectsandtheuseofmath.Surprisingly,theeverpopularCandyCrushisclassifiedasamathpuzzle.Mathskillsarerequiredforplayerstosuccessfullymoveandmatchcoloredcandies.MechanicalpuzzlesMechanicalpuzzleshavepiecesthatmustbearrangedinsomeway.Theworld’sbestsellingpuzzle,theRubik’sCube,isamechanicalpuzzle.Asof2020,over450millionRubik’sCubeshadbeensold.Jigsawpuzzlesalsofallintothecategoryofmechanicalpuzzles.Theytypicallyinvolveputtingpiecesintherightplacetoformapicture.Jigsawpuzzleshavefromtwotoover550,000pieces—thelargestoneonrecord.LogicpuzzlesFiguringoutthesolutiontoalogicpuzzlerequirescarefulthoughtratherthanguessing.SudokuandMineFinderareexamplesoflogicpuzzles.InMineFinderplayersmustdeterminewheretheminesarehiddeninagrid.1.Whichpuzzlescontributetowordlearning?A.Wordpuzzles. B.Mathpuzzles.C.Logicpuzzles. D.Mechanicalpuzzles.2.WhatdoRubik’sCubesandJigsawpuzzlesshareinmon?A.Botharebestsellingpuzzles.B.Bothhavemorethan550,000pieces.C.Bothhavepiecesthatmustbeputintherightplace.D.Bothtestmechanicalengineeringskillsorknowledge.3.Inwhichsectionofmagazinecanyouprobablyreadthispassage?A.Lifeskills. B.Popculture. C.Technology. D.Games.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了几种常见的拼图游戏。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sometimeswordpuzzlesinvolvefindingnewwordswithinalargegroupofletters.Thistypeofwordpuzzleiscalledawordsearch.Wordpuzzlesusuallytestyourvocabulary.(有时字谜需要在一大堆字母中找到新单词。这种类型的字谜被称为单词搜索。字谜通常测试你的词汇量。)”可知，Wordpuzzles练习单词搜索，测试你的词汇量，所以有助于单词学习。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theworld’sbestsellingpuzzle,theRubik’sCube,isamechanicalpuzzle.(世界上最畅销的拼图，theRubik’sCube，是一个机械拼图。)”以及“Jigsawpuzzlesalsofallintothecategoryofmechanicalpuzzles.Theytypicallyinvolveputtingpiecesintherightplacetoformapicture.(Jigsawpuzzles也属于机械拼图的范畴。它们通常需要把碎片放在正确的位置来形成一幅画。)”可知，theRubik’sCube和Jigsawpuzzles的共同点是都需要把碎片放在正确的位置来形成一幅画。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据首段中“Therearethousandsofpuzzlestochoosefromthatcanbeworkedonatyourconvenience.(有成千上万的拼图游戏可供选择，在你方便的时候。)”可知，本文主要介绍几种常见的拼图游戏，所以最可能摘自杂志的游戏部分。故选D。BForCruz,whogrewupinPeru’smountainousregionofCuzco,fogrepresentsamassiveopportunity.Asaboy,hehadtohikeformorethananhoureverydayacrosshillstocollectwaterfromthenearestsource.Butovertime,herealizedthatduringtherainyseason,dropletsofwaterwouldgatherinthelargeleavesofbananatrees.Soonedayheandhisfathertriedtobuildacanalsystemwiththeleavestocollectwateranditturnedoutasuccess.Butafterwards,hemovedtoLimaattheageof25.There,shockedbythewatershortagesandexpensivewatersupplythatsomeofthecity’spoorestresidentswerefacedwith,CruzsetupElMovimientoPeruanossinAguain2005.Theideawastodeploythemethodhelearnedinhishometownonalargerscale,whichwouldprovidefree,independentlysourcedandeasilyaccessiblewatertothosewhoneededitmost.Hebeganinstalling(安装)atraditionalfogcatchermodeldevelopedinthe1980s.AtthehighestpointofLosTresMiradores,thereisacurioussetoflargestructuresthatresembleafleetofshipsinthesky.Theyaresocalled“fogcatchers”.Netteddevices,madeofhighdensityRaschelpolyethyleneandspanningseveralmeterswide,arelinedupatthetopofamistymoundandlinkedbyanetworkoftubesthatleadtostoragecontainers.The40fogcatchersthereprovideenoughwaterfor180families,whethertobathe,clean,drinkortoirrigatecropsonsmallgardenpatches.Supportersbelievethatfogcatchershavethepotentialtoimprovewatersupplyformunitiesaroundtheworldamongtheeverchallengingcircumstances.GermanresearcherLummerichsays,“Theyarecheap,easytoconstruct.”Inaworldsearchingforwatersupplysystems,itisoneimportantpuzzlepiecethatcanmakeanessentialdifferencelocally.However,therearesomeissues.Forone,fogcatchersrequirespace,whichisnotalwayseasytoebyincities,letaloneurbanslums.Atthesametime,fogcatchersmustbeproperlycleanedandmaintainedtostayeffective.Mostcrucially,appropriateclimateconditionsarerequired.Fogisn’teverywhere.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deploy”probablymeaninparagraph2?A.Employ. B.Adjust. C.Design. D.Study.5.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.ThereasonwhyCruzinstalledfogcatchers.B.Thedifficultiesofconstructingacanalsystem.C.Theinstallationandbenefitsoffogcatchers.D.TheinspirationCruzgainedtobuildacanalsystem.6.Whatisthebiggestchallengeassociatedwiththeuseoffogcatchers?A.Highcosts. B.Publicopposition.C.Spacelimitation. D.Climateconditions.7.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.UrbanAreas:AStruggleforSufficientWaterB.InnovativeWaterCollectionTechniquesinPeruC.TheGlobalWaterCrisisandPossibleSolutionsD.FogCatchers:ALocalSolutionwithGlobalPotential【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个成长在秘鲁山区的年轻人把在自己家乡所尝试发明的收集水的方式带到了后来搬去的一个水资源特别贫乏的地区，运用捕雾的方式解决了当地缺水的困境，给当地居民和生产都带了很多好处。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“There,shockedbythewatershortagesandexpensivewatersupplythatsomeofthecity’spoorestresidentswerefacedwith,CruzsetupElMovimientoPeruanossinAguain2005.(在那里，一些城市最贫穷的居民面临着水资源短缺和昂贵的供水，Cruz感到震惊，于2005年成立了ElMovimientoPeruanossinAgua)”和下文“Hebeganinstalling(安装)atraditionalfogcatchermodeldevelopedinthe1980s.(他开始安装上世纪80年代开发的传统捕雾器模型)”可知，此处讲述了Cruz产生该想法是因为被当地的水资源贫乏情况震惊，他有了想法后便着手解决该问题。由此可知，这种想法应该是将之前在家乡学到的收集水的方法“使用”到新的环境中，划线词意思应该是“使用”，与employ意思相近。故选A项。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“AtthehighestpointofLosTresMiradores,thereisacurioussetoflargestructuresthatresembleafleetofshipsinthesky.Theyaresocalled“fogcatchers”.Netteddevices,madeofhighdensityRaschelpolyethyleneandspanningseveralmeterswide,arelinedupatthetopofamistymoundandlinkedbyanetworkoftubesthatleadtostoragecontainers.The40fogcatchersthereprovideenoughwaterfor180families,whethertobathe,clean,drinkortoirrigatecropsonsmallgardenpatches.(在LosTresMiradores的最高点，有一组奇怪的大型建筑，就像天空中的舰队。它们就是所谓的“捕雾器”。网状装置由高密度拉舍尔聚乙烯制成，跨度为几米，排列在多雾的小山丘山顶，并通过通往存储容器的管道网络连接起来。那里的40个捕雾器为180个家庭提供了足够的水，无论是洗澡、清洁、饮用还是在小块花园里灌溉庄稼)”可知，本段首先介绍了在TresMiradores安装的“捕雾器”的具体情况，然后陈述了它们带来的好处。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Mostcrucially,appropriateclimateconditionsarerequired.(最重要的是，需要适当的气候条件)”可知，捕雾器使用的最大挑战是气候条件。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了一个成长在秘鲁山区的年轻人把在自己家乡所尝试发明的收集水的方式带到了后来搬去的一个水资源特别贫乏的地区，运用捕雾的方式解决了当地缺水的困境，给当地居民和生产都带了很多好处。再结合第四段中“Supportersbelievethatfogcatchershavethepotentialtoimprovewatersupplyformunitiesaroundtheworldamongtheeverchallengingcircumstances.(支持者认为，在充满挑战的环境中，捕雾器有潜力改善世界各地社区的供水)”可知，这位年轻人采用的捕雾器具有全球应用的潜力。由此可知，D项“捕雾器：具有全球潜力的地方解决方案”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。Cputersareprettygoodatansweringquestions.JustaskAlexa,Amazon’svoiceassistant,whocantellyoutheweatherordirections.putersaregoodatspittingbackfacts,buthaven’tshownthesamecriticalorcreativethinkingthathumanshave.Thatcouldbechanging,atleastwhenitestoreading,becauseofadvancesinAI(artificialintelligence).ResearchteamsatMicrosoftandChinesetechpanyAlibabareachedwhattheydescribedasamilestoneearlierthisJanuary.TheirAIsystemsoutperformedtheestimatedhumanscoreonareadingprehensiontest.ThetestwasdevelopedatStanfordUniversity.Itshowedthat,inatleastsomesituations,puterscanbeathumansatquickly“reading”hundredsofWikipediaarticles.AImachinescouldeupwithaccurateanswerstoquestionsaboutwarriorkingGenghisKhan,ortheApollospaceprogram.Theputershowever,alsomademistakesthatmanypeoplewouldn’thave.Microsoft,forinstance,failedaneasyfootballquestion.TheputerwasaskedwhichmemberoftheCarolinaPanthersfootballteaminterceptedthemostpassesinthe2015season.ThecorrectanswerwasKurtColeman,notJoshNorman.AnypersonwhocarefullyreadtheWikipediapassagewouldhavediscoveredtherightanswer.However,theputermadeamistakeintheword“most”anddidn’tunderstandthatsevenisbiggerthanfour.“We’restillalongwayfromputersbeingabletoreadandprehendgeneraltextinthesamewaythathumanscan,”KevinScott,Microsoft’sheadoftechnology,wrote.HepraisedtheAIsystemforpassingthetest,callingitamajorachievementbythepany’sresearchers.“Itstrikesmeforthekindofproblemthatthey’resolvingthatit’snotpossibletodobetterthanpeople,becausepeoplearedefiningwhat’scorrect,”Littmansaid.“Theimpressivethinghereisthattheymethumanperformance,notthatthey’veexceededit.”8.Whydidtheresearchteamdescribetheirworkasamilestone?A.Becausetheirputersshowedcriticalandcreativethinkinglikehumans.B.BecausetheirAIsystemsbeathumansinreadingprehension.C.BecausetheirAIsystemscouldtellyouweatheranddirection.D.Becausetheirputersaregoodatansweringquestions.9.WhichofthefollowingareTRUEaccordingtoparagraph3?A.AImachinescouldproposeincorrectanswerstoGenghisKhan.B.SmartAImachineswereansweringquestions.C.AImachinesdidbetterthanhumansinreading.D.AImachinescandoeverythingthathumancan’tdo.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.AIstillstruggleswithlogicalreasoning. B.putersoftenmistakesevenforfour.C.putersseldommakestupidmistakes. D.TheWikipediapassagewascontroversial.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“met”inthelastparagraphmean?A.visited. B.contacted. C.greeted. D.satisfied.【答案】8B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要分析并阐述了人工智能在阅读上与人类相比，人类的批判性思维以及创新能力比人工智能强，单在阅读客观事实上，人工智能更好。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheirAIsystemsoutperformedtheestimatedhumanscoreonareadingprehensiontest.(他们的人工智能系统在阅读理解测试中的表现超过了人类的估计得分)”可知，研究小组将他们的工作描述为一个里程碑是因为他们的人工智能系统在阅读理解方面胜过人类。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Itshowedthat,inatleastsomesituations,puterscanbeathumansatquickly“reading”hundredsofWikipediaarticles.AImachinescouldeupwithaccurateanswerstoquestionsaboutwarriorkingGenghisKhan,ortheApollospaceprogram.(它表明，至少在某些情况下，计算机可以在快速“阅读”数百篇维基百科文章方面击败人类。人工智能机器可以准确回答关于成吉思汗或阿波罗太空计划的问题)”可知，C选项“人工智能机器在阅读方面比人类做得更好”正确。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“However,theputermadeamistakeintheword“most”anddidn’tunderstandthatsevenisbiggerthanfour.(然而，计算机在“most”这个词上犯了一个错误，不明白7比4大)”可推知，人工智能在逻辑推理上易出错，在逻辑推理方面仍然面临困难，需要不断加以改进。故选A。【11题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Itstrikesmeforthekindofproblemthatthey’resolvingthatit’snotpossibletodobetterthanpeople,becausepeoplearedefiningwhat’scorrect(它们解决的问题让我觉得它们不可能比人做得更好，因为人们在定义什么是正确的)”以及后文“humanperformance,notthatthey’veexceededit”可知，人工智能不可能比人做得更好，所以人工智能只是满足了人类的表现，而不是说已经超越它，故划线词意思是“满足”。故选D。DIhaveafriendwhobirdwatches.Shefeelsfortablewhenevershe’sdoingit.Ifyouaskherwhyshelikesit,shewillsaythingslike“Well,birdsaretheworld’smostmagicalcreatures.”Ihaveanotherfriendwhoknits.Shelikesitbecauseit’ssatisfying,andhasanastonishinglyimpressiveimpactonpeopleforwhombeingabletoknitglovesisoutofreach.Asaterm,“hobby”hasalwaysbeenofarguablemeaning.Asksomeonewhattheythinkahobbyis,andyou’llgetadictionarydefinitionthattheywillhavejustlookedupontheirphonesand,then,apassionatespeechonalloftheactivitiesthatcanundernocircumstancesbeputintogroupsashobbiesbytheirownhighlyuniqueandinflexiblestandards.Beingonlineisnotahobby,apparently,norislisteningtomusic.Hardlyanyoneknowswhatahobbyis,andthisisparticularlythecasenowthatsomanyofusarespendingourleisuretimeonlinearguingaboutthesesortsofbasicdefinitionswithpeople,asthewriterMaxReadputitinanessay,“towhomtheworldhasbeencreatedagaineverymorning,forwhomeverysettledargumentofmodernitymustberewritten,butthistimewiththeirengagement.”Eventakingthesedifficultiesintoaccount,however,itseemsobviousthatbirdwatchingandknittingareclassichobbies.Theyareenjoyable,involvepracticeandrewardeffort,andtheyaregivenimmediateaccesstoagroupwiththesameinterests.Theyarethesortsofhobbiesadvicecolumnists(专栏作家)haveinmindwhenpeoplewriteinabouttheirimbalancedlives.It’sinteresting,then,thatnotoneofmytwoclearlyhobbyhavingfriendswouldadmittothepractice.Theyworriedthattheirhobbies,whichgivethempleasureandkeepthemfarfromtheirputers,madethemseemliketheyhadtoomuchleisuretimeandtooLewinnerresourcesthatwouldenablethemtonaturallyavoidboredom.Theyarefullypaidupmembersofsociety,withbusylives,fulfillinginterpersonalrelationshipsand,again,hobbiesthatmakethemhappy.It’sjustthathobbieshaveanundeservedlybadreputation,onemadeworsebytheInternet,likeeverythingelse.Thebirdwatchersaidtheproblemwithhavingahobbywasthatitmadepeopleseemliketheywerecontributingandlearningnothing.Theknittersaidthatshepersonallyconnectedhobbieswithhavingnofriendsandnoideaofwhatnormalpeopledotohavefun,Actually,theydonotwanttobeseenasmadpeoplewhointentionallygetawayfromthecorrectcourse.Well,Ienjoycertainlightoperas.Iplaymusicformyownamusement.Andyes,Iamanordinarystudent,andthatisnotasignofmadness.12.TheauthormentionstwofriendswithdifferenthobbiesinParagraph1mainlyto.A.explainthedefinitionof“hobby”B.attractthereaders’attentiontohobbiesC.stresstheimportanceofhavingahobbyD.paretwodifferenttypesofhobbies13.WhatdoestheauthormeanbyquotingMaxReadinParagraph3?A.“Hobby”asatermcanonlybedefinedwithouttheInternet.B.Peopleonlinediscussthedefinitionof“hobby”tochangelives.C.Peoplecreateanewworldbyexpressingtheirideasofhobbiesonline.D.Itishardforonlinepeopletoreachanagreementonthedefinitionof“hobby”.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetwofriends’concernsabouttheirhobbies?A.Theyareafraidofbeingseenascrazypeople.BTheyfeartheirhobbiesarenotimpressiveenough.C.Theyfinditnecessarytosharehobbiestobalancetheirlives.D.Theyrefusetosharetheirfeelingsabouttheirhobbieswithmadpeople.15.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthelastparagraph?A.Hobbiesaregreatforpeople’smentalhealth.B.Differentpeoplehavetheirownstandardsofhobbies.C.Itisreasonableandnormalforpeopletohavehobbies.D.Peoplewhosufferfrommadnesscanalsohavehobbies.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。一直以来，对于“爱好”的定义众说纷纭，并无定论。作者认为只要是能自娱自乐，哪怕拥有一些小众另类的爱好，也是正常合理的。【12题详解】目的意图题。根据第二段“Asaterm,“hobby”hasalwaysbeenofarguablemeaning.(一直以来，爱好都是一个颇具争议的话题)”可知，作者于第一段中讲述了喜欢编织和赏鸟的两位朋友的生活故事，以此引起读者对“爱好”这个话题的关注，故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Hardlyanyoneknowswhatahobbyis,andthisisparticularlythecasenowthatsomanyofusarespendingourleisuretimeonlinearguingaboutthesesortsofbasicdefinitionswithpeople,(几乎没人知道爱好是什么，尤其是现在我们很多人都把闲暇时间花在网上和别人争论这些基本的定义上)”可知，MaxRead的引言表明在网络上人们对爱好的基本定义看法不一，争论不断，故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Actually,theydonotwanttobeseenasmadpeoplewhointentionallygetawayfromthecorrectcourse.(事实上，他们不想被看作是刻意偏离正确路线的疯子)”可知，这两位朋友不愿将自己私下的爱好为旁人所知，是因为他们害怕被视为不走寻常路的异类或疯子，故选A项。【15题详解】段落意图题。根据最后一段“Well,Ienjoycertainlightoperas.Iplaymusicformyownamusement.Andyes,Iamanordinarystudent,andthatisnotasignofmadness.(嗯，我喜欢一些轻歌剧。我演奏音乐是为了自娱自乐。是的，我是一个普通的学生，这并不是发疯的表现)”可知，作者认为拥有一些爱好，自娱自乐，怡情养性，是再正常合理不过的事情了，故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Activelisteningisamunicationskillthatinvolvesgoingbeyondsimplyhearingthewordsthatanotherpersonspeaksbutalsoseekingtounderstandthemeaningandintentionbehindthem.Theword“active”impliesthatyouaretakingsometypeofactionwhenlisteningtoothers.____16____BefullypresentActivelisteningrequiresbeingfullypresentintheconversation.Itenablesyoutoconcentrateonwhatisbeingsaid.Beingpresentinvolveslisteningwithallyoursensesandgivingyourfullattentiontothespeaker.Tousethisactivelisteningtechniqueeffectively,putawayyourcellphone,ignoredistractions,andshutdownyourinternaldialogue.____17____Andleteverythingelseslipaway.Payattentiontononverbalcues(非言语暗示)Asmuchas65%ofaperson’smunicationisunspoken,____18____.Thisinvolvesnotfoldingyourarms,smilingwhilelistening,leaningin,andnoddingatkeypoints.Itcanalsobehelpfultopayattentiontoyourfacialexpressionswhenactivelisteningsothatyoudon’tconveyanytypeofnegativeresponse.KeepgoodeyecontactWhenengagedinactivelistening,makingeyecontactisespeciallyimportant.Thistellstheotherpersonthatyouarepresentandlisteningtowhatheorshesays.____19____Atthesametime,youdon’twanttousesomucheyecontactthattheconversationfeelsstrange.Tokeepthisfromhappening,followthe50/70rule.Thisinvolvesmaintainingeyecontactfor50%to70%ofthetimespentlistening,holdingthecontactforfourtofivesecondsbeforebrieflylookingaway.BepatientPatienceisanimportantactivelisteningtechniquebecauseitallowstheotherpersontospeakwithoutinterruption.Beingpatientinvolvesnottryingtofillperiodsofsilencewithyourownthoughtsorstories.Thisalsorequireslisteningtounderstand,nottorespond.____20____Also,don’tchangethesubjecttooabruptlyasthisconveysboredomandimpatience.A.Don’tprepareareplywhilelistening.B.Italsoshowsthatyouaren’tdistracted.CThisisn’thelpfulduringactivelistening.D.Souseopen,nonthreateningbodylanguage.E.Don’tfocustoomuchoninsignificantdetails.F.Placeyourfocusonyourconversationpartner.G.Thisinvolvesusingcertainstrategiesortechniques.【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.B20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是积极倾听，以及做到积极倾听的方法。【16题详解】上文“Theword“active”impliesthatyouaretakingsometypeofactionwhenlisteningtoothers.(“积极”这个词意味着你在倾听别人的时候正在采取某种行动)”提到了积极倾听，选项G中this是关键词，与上文构成顺承关系，所以G选项“这涉及到使用某些策略或技巧。”能承接上文，且能总领下文小标题中提到的技巧。故选G项。【17题详解】上文“Tousethisactivelisteningtechniqueeffectively,putawayyourcellphone,ignoredistractions,andshutdownyourinternaldialogue.(为了有效地使用这种积极倾听技巧，把你的收起来，忽略干扰，关闭你内心的对话)”提到了如何避免分散注意力，选项F中focus是关键词，与上文构成顺承关系，所以F选项“把你的注意力放在你的谈话对象身上。”符合语境。故选F项。【18题详解】上文“Asmuchas65%ofaperson’smunicationisunspoken.(一个人多达65%的交流是无声的)”提到了无声的交流，选项D中bodylanguage是关键词，与上文的unspoken呼应，所以D选项“所以使用开放的，没有威胁的肢体语言。”承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。【19题详解】上文“Whenengagedinactivelistening,makingeyecontactisespeciallyimportant.

Thistellstheotherpersonthatyouarepresentandlisteningtowhatheorshesays.(在积极倾听时，眼神交流尤为重要。这告诉对方你在听他或她说什么)”提到了眼神交流的作用，B选项“这也表明你没有分心。”进一步说明了眼神交流的作用，和上文构成递进关系。故选B项。【20题详解】上文“Thisalsorequireslisteningtounderstand,nottorespond.(这也需要倾听去理解，而不是回应)”提到了倾听时不要回应，A选项“不要在听的时候准备回答。”承接上文，与本段小标题呼应。故选A项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Dressedinakachhad,atraditionalNepaleseclothes,UmeshBalalwalkedintohismeetingsatthe28thUnitedNationsClimateChangeConference(COP28)onclimatechangeinDubaiwithasenseofdetermination.Balal,whohasphysicaldisability,wastheretopublicly____21____inclusionofdisabilityrightsintheclimatechangeconferenceanaspectthathesaidhaslongbeen____22____byorganizersoftheworld’slargestannualmeetingonclimateissues.Asastudent,Balalwas____23____aboutscienceandinvolvedhimselfinresearchonenvironmentalscience.Thosewerehisfirstfewinteractionsthat____24____theclimaterelatedissuestohim.Beingfromamountainousregion,Balal____25____moreabouthowclimatechangehad,____26____peoplethere,whichledhimtodevelopclimateanxiety.ThemoreBalal____27____himselftoclimatescience,themorehelearnedabouttheimpactofclimatechange.Peoplewithmoreresourceshavebetterchancesof____28____theclimatecrisis.Butthelessdevelopedcountries,forthe____29____munities,usuallydon’thavethesameopportunities,whichwillpushthemfurtherintothe____30____.Anditisevenharderforpeoplewith____31____.ManypeoplewithdisabilitiesinNepaldon’thave____32____topropereducationoropportunitiesforgrowth.Asaresult,theyaren’tabletoadvocatefortheirrights.Inaninterview,Balalsaid,“____33____,IamhonoredthatIefromasupportivefamily,whereIhadachanceofgoodeducationwhich____34____metogrowinlife.ThisiswhatI____35____forothers,tochangethewaytheylivetheirlives.21.A.control B.achieve C.measure D.support22.A.studied B.ignored C.respected D.issued23.A.curious B.anxious C.particular D.worried24.A.sold B.lent C.awarded D.introduced25.A.brought B.plained C.knew D.quarreled26A.prepared B.affected C.organized D.admitted27.A.limited B.changed C.devoted D.helped28.A.copingwith B.resultingfrom C.differingfrom D.paringwith29.A.warmer B.cleaner C.quieter D.poorer30.A.confidence B.crisis C.calmness D.honesty31.A.rights B.degrees C.advertisements D.disabilities32.A.access B.objection C.attention D.gratitude33.A.Similarly B.Secretly C.Fortunately D.Naturally34.A.allowed B.forced C.warned D.ordered35.A.occupy B.blame C.want D.cheer【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.D25.C26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B31.D32.A33.C34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了在迪拜举行的第28届联合国气候变化大会(COP28)上，穿着尼泊尔传统服装kachhad的乌梅什•巴拉尔(UmeshBalal)带着坚定的决心走进会场，公开支持将残疾人权利纳入气候变化会议。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Balal有身体残疾，他在那里公开支持将残疾人权利纳入气候变化会议，他说，长期以来，世界上最大的气候问题年度会议的组织者一直忽视了这一点。A.control控制；B.achieve获得，实现；C.measure测量；D.support支持。根据“Balal,whohasphysicaldisability”可知，Balal有身体残疾，因此他在联合国气候大会上公开支持将残疾人权利纳入气候变化会议。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.studied研究；B.ignored忽视；C.respected尊重；D.issued发表。根据下文“Asaresult,theyaren’tabletoadvocatefortheirrights.”可知，残疾人权利在世界上最大的气候问题年度会议一直被忽视。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名学生，Balal对科学充满好奇，并参与了环境科学的研究。A.curious好奇的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.particular特殊的；D.worried担心的。根据“involvedhimselfinresearchonenvironmentalscience.”可知，Balal对科学感到好奇。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是他最初的几次互动，向他介绍了与气候有关的问题。A.sold卖；B.lent借出；C.awarded授予；D.introduced介绍。根据“involvedhimselfinresearchonenvironmentalscience.”可知，参与环境科学的研究向他介绍了与气候有关的问题。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于来自山区，Balal更了解气候变化如何影响那里的人们，这使他产生了气候焦虑。A.brought带来；B.plained抱怨；C.knew了解；D.quarreled争吵。根据“Beingfromamountainousregion”可知，来自山区使他更了解气候变化如何影响那里的人们。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.prepared准备；B.affected影响；C.organized组织；D.admitted承认。根据“whichledhimtodevelopclimateanxiety.”可知，气候变化影响到人们的生活，这使他产生了气候焦虑。且下文“impactofclimatechange”也是提示。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Balal越是致力于气候科学，他就越了解气候变化的影响。A.limited限制；B.changed改变；C.devoted致力；D.helped帮助。根据“himselftoclimatescience”可知，Balal致力于气候科学。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：拥有更多资源的人更有可能应对气候危机。A.copingwith应对；B.resultingfrom由……引起；C.differingfrom和……不同；D.paringwith与……比较。根据“Peoplewithmoreresourceshavebetterchances”并结合常识可知，拥有更多资源的人更能应对气候危机。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但欠发达国家，对于较贫穷的社区来说，通常没有同样的机会，这将使他们进一步陷入危机。A.warmer更温暖的；B.cleaner更干净的；C.quieter更安静的；D.poorer更贫穷的。根据“Butthelessdevelopedcountries”可知，此处指较为贫穷的社区。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.confidence自信；B.crisis危机；C.calmness冷静；D.honesty诚实。根据上文“Peoplewithmoreresourceshavebetterc