2023考博英语模拟82(考卷附答案)

2012考博英语模拟82（考卷）一、阅读理解（每题2分，共40分）SectionADirections:Inthissection,therearefourpassagesfollowedquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Theconceptofsocialcapitalhasattractedconsiderableattentionamongresearchersinrecentyears.Itreferstotheresourcesembeddedininterpersonalrelationshipsthatcanbeaccessedandusedtofacilitateindividualandcollectiveaction.Socialcapitalincludestrust,norms,andnetworksthatenablecollectiveaction.1.Accordingtothepassage,socialcapitalisprimarilyconcernedwith______.A.individualactionB.collectiveactionC.interpersonalrelationshipsD.resourcesallocationA.TrustB.NormsC.NetworksD.IndividualeffortPassage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Climatechangeisoneofthemostpressingissuesfacingtheworldtoday.ScientistsagreethathumanactivitiesarecontributingtothewarmingoftheEarth'satmosphere,leadingtoawiderangeofimpacts,fromrisingsealevelstomoreextremeweatherevents.6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThecausesofclimatechangeB.TheimpactsofclimatechangeC.ThesolutionstoclimatechangeD.Thedebateonclimatechange7.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisaconsequenceofclimatechange?A.IncreasedrainfallB.DecreasedsealevelsC.MoreextremeweathereventsD.ReducedhumanactivitiesSectionBDirections:Inthissection,therearethreeshortpassagesfollowedquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwiththreesuggestedanswersmarkedA,BandC.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.Passage3Questions11to13arebasedonthefollowingpassage:11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThebenefitsoftheInternetB.ThechallengesoftheInternetC.ThehistoryoftheInternet12.Whichofthefollowingisachallengementionedinthepassage?A.AccesstoinformationB.CommunicationC.PrivacyissuesPassage4Questions14to16arebasedonthefollowingpassage:14.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThehistoryofB.TheapplicationsofC.Theethicalconcernsof15.Whichofthefollowingisanapplicationofmentionedinthepassage?A.SelfdrivingcarsB.VirtualassistantsC.BothAandBSectionCDirections:Inthissection,thereisonepassagefollowedfivequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachquestionorstatement,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.Passage5Questions17to21arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Educationisalifelongprocessthatbeginsfrominfancyandcontinuesthroughoutone'slife.Itplaysacrucialroleinshapingindividuals'knowledge,skills,andvalues.However,theeffectivenessofeducationcanbeinfluencedvariousfactors,includingteachingmethods,curriculumdesign,andsocietalexpectations.17.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheimportanceofeducationB.ThefactorsinfluencingeducationC.Thehistoryofeducation18.Whichofthefollowingisafactorthatinfluenceseducation?A.TeachingmethodsB.CurriculumdesignC.SocietalexpectationsD.Alloftheabove二、完型填空（每题1分，共20分）Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthewordgiveninbrackets.Youdonotneedtochangethewordgiven.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.Itiswidelyacceptedthatexerciseisbeneficialforourphysicalandmentalhealth.Regularexercisecan(22)______(reduce)theriskofvariousdiseases,suchasheartdisease,diabetes,andobesity.Moreover,exercisecanimproveourmoodand(23)______(relieve)stress.一、阅读理解SectionA1.B2.D3.C4.A5.D6.B7.C8.A9.D10.BSectionB11.B12.C13.A14.B15.CSectionC17.B18.D19.A20.C21.B二、完型填空22.reduce23.relieve24.going25.swimming1.阅读理解理解文章主旨和大意推断作者观点和态度识别事实和观点理解文章结构和逻辑关系词汇理解和运用示例：Passage1涉及社会学的概念，考察学生对社会资本的理解。Passage2关注气候变化，考察学生对环境问题的认识。Passage3探讨互联网的挑战，考察学生对信息技术的了解。Passage5讨论教育问题，考察学生对教育理念的理解。2.完型填空词汇辨析和使用语法结构和搭配上下文理解和逻辑推理示例：第22题考察词汇reduce的正确形式，要求学生掌握动词的过去分词形式。第23题考察词汇relieve的正确形式，要求学生掌握动词的原形。第24题考察固定搭配gotothegym，要求学生掌握动词短语。第25题考察词汇swim的正确形式，要求学生掌握名词转换为动词的形式。各题型所考察学生的知识点详解：1.阅读理解主旨大意：要求学生通过阅读全文，概括文章的中心思想。推断作者观点：要求学生分析文