江苏省连云港市东海县2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题【含答案解析】

2023～2024学年度第二学期期中考试高二英语试题说明：1.本试卷共12页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.在答题卡/纸的规定区域内填写学校、班级、姓名、考号等，否则无效。3.请将答案按题号填涂或填写在答题卡/纸相应的答题处，否则不得分。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoestheroomsmellnice?A.Thewomanisusingnicematerial.B.Themanhasbeencleaning.C.Thereareflowers.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Oh,thisroomsmellsnice.Iwouldlikesomeperfumelikethat.Haveyoubeencleaning?M:No,don’tyouremember?It’souranniversary.Ihavesomerosesforyou.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whencanthemangethiscarback?A.Tomorrow. B.Intwodays. C.Inthreedays.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Idroppedmycarhereaweekago.Yousaiditwouldbefixedinthreedays.W:Wearewaitingonasparepart.Ithasbeendelayedbutwillbeheretomorrow.Yourcarwillbereadytwodayslater.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Beinglate. B.Parkingthecar. C.Drivingintraffic.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Doyouthinkwewillbeabletogettherebeforeit’scrowded?Idon’twanttodriveinheavytraffic.M:Iamworriedaboutfindingaparkingspace.Let’sleaveearlierandweshouldbeabletogettherebeforethespacesfill.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdothewoman’sfamilymembersdotohelptheenvironment?A.Theyusefewerplasticbags.B.Theydon’tdrivecars.C.Theywastelessfood.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:HowdoIstarthelpingtheenvironment?ShouldIstopdrivingmycar?W:Ithinkusingyourcarisimportantfornow.Myfamilybuysourvegetableswithclothbagstomakesurethatwedon’tusetoomuchplastic.Trythatfirst.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthenewpainting?A.Itiscolorful. B.Itisunrealistic. C.Itisamazing.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:What’syouropinionofFredrikSvensson’snewpainting?M:Forme,it’sanamazingworkofart—fulloflifeandcolor.W:Idon’tlikeitsomuchactually.Thestructureisverystrangetofollow.It’snotrealistic.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoinginanearthquake?A.Goingoutside. B.Protectingthepet. C.Hidingundersomething.7.Howoldistheman?A.20. B.25. C.30.【答案】6.C7.C【解析】【原文】W:Didyoufeeltheearthquakelastnight?M:Idid.ItmusthavebeenabigoneasI’maheavysleeper.W:IgrabbedmydogandranoutsideassoonasIfelttheearthquake.M:Oh,youshouldn’tdothat.Youshouldfindsomethingtohideunder.Igatheredmyfamilyunderastrongtable.W:I’llrememberthatforthefuture.M:Thelastearthquakewas20yearsagowhenIwas10yearsold.Istillrememberitnow.Itonlylastedabout25seconds,butitwasveryscary.Icouldn’tgobacktosleepafterwards.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatisdifferentaboutthewoman’snewjob?A.It’smuchmorechallenging.B.It’smuchcloserindistance.C.It’smuchmorerewarding.9.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Designcommercialsforarestaurant.B.Writesomearticlesaboutgoodrestaurants.C.Havedinnerwiththewomanatarestaurant.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】M:Howisyournewjobtreatingyou?Iknowit’salittlefartherthanwhereyouusedtowork.W:It’sveryfastpaced.It’smuchmorechallengingthanmypreviousjob.M:Areyoustillmanagingotherworkersandhiringnewones?W:No.Iamactuallydoingmarketingnow.Iamdesigningcommercialsforourcompany.M:That’sgreat.Iwasdoingsomethingsimilaratmyoldjob.Ijustgotapromotion.Mytaskthismonthistowritearticlesaboutsomenewrestaurantsthathavecomeintothecity.W:Congratulations!Let’sgoouttoonetohavedinnertonight.Thatwayyouwillhavesomeexperiencetowriteabout.M:Soundsgreat.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whichanswerdoesthewomanrefusetowritedown?A.NumberThree. B.NumberSeven. C.NumberTen.11.Howoftendoesthewomantakemedicine?A.Never. B.Sometimes. C.Regularly.12.Whatisthelastquestionaskingabout?A.Thewoman’slawhistory.B.Thewoman’sdrivingskills.C.Thewoman’sSocialSecuritynumber.【答案】10.A11.B12.A【解析】【原文】W:Willyoupleasehelpmewithsomeofthequestionsonthisform?M:Ofcourse!Whatareyoustuckon?W:ThethirdquestionisaskingformySocialSecuritynumber.Ineverwriteitonforms.M:Youcanjusttellittome,andIcantypeitintothecomputerunderyourfile.Isthatfine?W:Yes.M:OK,whatisit?W:989-65-3441.M:Thankyou.Nowwhatotherquestionsdoyouhavethere?W:NumberSevenasksifIuseanymedicine.Doesthatmeannoworrecently?BecauseIdotakesomepainkillerswhenmykneesstarttohurt.M:Itmeansmedicineyoutakeregularly.W:OK,sothat’saNO.Now,I’mnotsurehowtoanswerthelastquestion,either.That’sNumberTen.M:Whatdoesitsay?W:It’saskingifI’veeverhadlawtrouble.Areparkingticketsincluded?M:No,theyaren’t.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Sheislonely.B.Shehasgoodnews.C.Shehasaproblematschool.14.Whatisthewoman’sdormitorylike?A.Coldandold. B.Smallandmessy. C.Comfortablebutnoisy.15.Whatwillthewomando?A.Attendaparty.B.Findanewplaceherself.C.Putonsomeadvertisements.16.Whoisthewomantalkingto?A.Herfriend. B.Herbrother. C.Herfather.【答案】13.C14.C15.B16.C【解析】【原文】W:IthinkIwillhavetomoveoutofmydormitory.M:Whyisthat,dear?Ithoughtyouhadlotsoffriendsthere.W:Oh,Ido.Thatispartoftheproblem.M:Whatdoyoumean?W:Well,peopleareconstantlyvisitingme,andthereseemstobeapartyeverynight.M:Isittoonoisy?W:Itis.Thereistoomuchgoingon.Ineedtostudy.M:Whatapity!YourmotherandIthoughtyourroommateslookedverynicewhenwevisitedyou.W:Itis.Forsuchasmallplace,it’ssurprisinglywarm.It’saniceplacetolive.M:Exceptforthenoise.W:Yes.M:OK.Well,I’mbusywithworkatthemoment,soI’llaskyourmothertostartlookingfornewplacesforyoutostay,oryourbrothercanevenhelp.W:No,it’sOK,Dad.I’llfindsomewheremyself.Therearealwaysroomsadvertisedonthecollegenoticeboard.Itwon’tbehardtofindsomething.M:Great.Goodluckwithyoursearch.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whereisthespeaker?A.Inamuseum. B.Inaforest. C.Inapark.18.Whatanimalswillpeopleseethemost?A.Birds. B.Bears. C.Fish.19.Whatcolorofbirdisthespeaker’sfavorite?A.Red. B.Blue. C.Black.20.Whyisthenorthpathclosed?A.Itistoowet. B.Itistoohigh. C.Itistooold.【答案】17.A18.A19.B20.A【解析】【原文】WelcometotheTrailsideMuseum.Hereyoucanlearnaboutthelocalanimalsandtheirnaturalenvironments.Therearemanyanimalsampleswehaveondisplay.Oneofourmostfamousisalargeblackbear.Theyliveinthisareabutareuncommon.Manyfishermenseethemduringcertainseasons,buttheystayawayfromhumans.Mostareseennearthelake.Ithinkyouwillseesomeofthesebirdsthemost.Youhaveprobablyseenmanyofourlocalbirdsalready.Mostpeoplemainlynoticelittlebrownbirdsandthebirdswithredchests,buttherearemanydifferenttypesofboth.Myfavoritebirdisactuallytheonewiththecolorofthesky.Itisabluebirdwithablackhead.Rightnowitisspringwhenmanyanimalsareborn.Thereisalothappeningintheforestbecauseofthis.However,itisalsothewettestseason.Thisiswhythenorthpathisclosed.Instead,hikerswillneedtousethehigherandolderpathsthroughthepark.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFemaleviewArtbywomenpaintersandsculptorsfromacrossthecountryisondisplayattheongoingexhibition,Colors.TheshowrunsuntilMarch17andisheldincelebrationofInternationalWomen’sDay,whichfallsonFriday.TheShandongArtistsAssociationlaunchedtheannualexhibitionin2017toencouragefemaleartistsandtoofferthemaplatformfortheirtalents.9am-5pm,closedonMondays.11777JingshiLu,Lixiadistrict,Jinan,Shandongprovince.0531-8130-5063/6.CulturalpeakInkartistHuangBinhong(1865-1955)spentalifetimecarryingonhiscountry’sculturalorigin.ImmortalLegacyisanongoingexhibitionattheArtMuseumofBeijingFineArtAcademythatcastslightonHuang’srichworldofart,hisbeliefinculturaltraditionandtherangeofhisalternativeroleasawiseculturescholar.TheshowrunsuntilApril21.9am-5pm,closedonMondays.12ChaoyangGongyuan(Park)Nanlu,Chaoyangdistrict,Beijing.010-6502-5171.TimelessbeautyIncelebrationofChineseNewYear,ImmortalBrushworkofDanqing,along-termexhibitionthatopenedinearlyFebruary,bringstogetherdozensofpaintingsrangingfromtheSong(960-1279)toQing(1644-1911)dynasties.9am-5pm,closedonMondays.62PingjiangDao,Hexidistrict,Tianjin.022-8388-3000.Calligraphicsage(圣人)LinSanzhiisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingcalligraphersofthe20thcentury.MyAdmirationofAncientMasters,anexhibitionattheAnhuiArtMuseum,reviewsLin’seffortsincalligraphy,poetryandChinesepainting.Linispraisedasthe“modernsageofcaoshuscript”.9am-5pm,closedonMondays.1ChengduLu,BinhuNewDistrict,Hefei,Anhuiprovince.0551-6280-6800.21.Whichexhibitionisheldeveryyear?A.Colors. B.ImmortalLegacy.C.ImmortalBrushworkofDanqing. D.MyAdmirationofAncientMasters.22.Ifyou’reanenthusiastforcalligraphy,wherecanyouappreciatesuchanexhibition?A.InJinan. B.InBeijing. C.InTianjin. D.InHefei.23.Whatdothelistedexhibitionshaveincommon?A.Theyareallongoingexhibitions.B.Theyhavethesameopenandclosedtime.C.Theyshowpaintingsfromthesamedynasties.D.Theyencouragefemaleartiststoshowtheirtalents.【答案】21.A22.D23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个艺术展览：女性画家作品展，黄宾虹墨画展，中国新年绘画展，以及林三知书法展，为观众提供了欣赏艺术作品的机会。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Femaleview的“Artbywomenpaintersandsculptorsfromacrossthecountryisondisplayattheongoingexhibition,Colors.TheshowrunsuntilMarch17andisheldincelebrationofInternationalWomen’sDay,whichfallsonFriday.TheShandongArtistsAssociationlaunchedtheannualexhibitionin2017toencouragefemaleartistsandtoofferthemaplatformfortheirtalents.(来自全国各地的女画家和雕塑家的艺术作品在正在进行的“色彩”展览中展出。该展览将持续到3月17日，为庆祝周五的国际妇女节而举行。山东省美术家协会于2017年启动了一年一度的展览，以鼓励女性艺术家，并为她们提供一个施展才华的平台)”可知，“色彩”展览每年都被举办。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Calligraphicsage的“LinSanzhiisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingcalligraphersofthe20thcentury.MyAdmirationofAncientMasters,anexhibitionattheAnhuiArtMuseum,reviewsLin’seffortsincalligraphy,poetryandChinesepainting.Linispraisedasthe“modernsageofcaoshuscript”.9am-5pm,closedonMondays.1ChengduLu,BinhuNewDistrict,Hefei,Anhuiprovince.0551-6280-6800.(林散之被公认为20世纪最重要的书法家之一。在安徽美术馆举办的“我崇拜古代大师”展览，回顾了林在书法、诗歌和中国画方面的努力。他被誉为“现代草书圣贤”。安徽省合肥市滨湖新区成都路1号，周一上午9点至下午5点闭馆。0551-6280-6800)

”可知，如果你是一个书法爱好者，你在合肥可以欣赏到这样的展览。故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据每一部分中的“9am-5pm,closedonMondays.

(周一上午9点至下午5点闭馆)”可知，这些展览的共同之处在于它们开放和关闭的时间是相同的。故选B。BChina’stourismmarketshowedabetter-than-expectedperformanceovertheeight-daySpringFestivalholiday,whichstartedonFeb.10.ThelatestfiguresfromtheMinistryofCultureandTourismshowedthattravelernumbersaswellastourism-relatedincomeduringtheholidayreachedrecordhighs,thankstopeople’sever-strongerdesiretotravel,enoughmarketsuppliesandgoodtourismpolicies.TheministrysaidonSundaythatthedomestictourismmarketsaw474milliontripsduringtheholiday,up34.3percentyear-on-year.Thenumbermarkeda19percentincreasecomparedwiththesameholidayperiodin2019.Domestictourism-relatedincomereached632.69billionyuan($87.95billion)duringtheholiday,astrikingincreaseof47.3percentyear-on-yearand7.7percentgrowthfromthesameholidayperiodin2019.XiaoPeng,aresearcherwithtravelportal(旅游网),Qunar,saidthatthelongerholidaythisyear—itusuallylastssevendaysinotheryears—madetourism-focusedtripsamorepopularchoiceamongtheChinese.Southerndestinationswithwarmerclimateortropicalviews,suchasKunming,Yunnanprovince,andSanya,Hainanprovince,remainedtopchoicesfortourists,accordingtotravelagencies.Return-flightticketsineconomyclassdepartingSanyaweresoldoutearly,leavingonlyticketsinbusinessorfirstclass.Tuniu,anothertravelportal,saidthatdestinationsandmuseumswitharichculturalatmosphereorthosehighlightingculturalelementsofthedragonwerefavoredbytravelersmarkingthebeginningoftheYearoftheDragon.Inaddition,somenortherndestinationswithsnowandiceviewsalsoprovedpopularduringtheholiday.Amongthem,HarbinIce-SnowWorldinthenortheasternprovinceofHeilongjiangreceived329,000visitsfromFeb10toWednesday—thefirstfivedaysoftheholiday—withthetravelernumbermarkingasurgeof115percentfromthepreviousyear,accordingtoHarbin’scultureandtourismbureau.Besidestheprosperousdomestictourism,thehomeandabroadtourismmarketalsodeliveredasurprisinglygoodperformanceduringtheholiday.24.HowisParagraph3organized?A.Bylistingdata. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byquotingsayings. D.Byanalyzingthereasons.25.WhatcanwelearnaboutthelongerholidayfromXiaoPeng?A.Itbroughtarichculturalatmosphere.B.Itmadewarmerdestinationstopchoices.C.Itattractedpeopletonortherndestinations.D.Itmadetourism-focusedtripsmorewell-received.26.Whatmighttheauthorwriteaboutfollowingthelastparagraph?A.Thetravelto-and-fromoverseas. B.Goodtourismpoliciesoverseas.C.Destinationswithwarmerclimate. D.Domestictourism-relatedincome.27.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Ahistorytextbook. B.Apopularwebsite.C.Adetectivenovel. D.Anacademicarticle.【答案】24.A25.D26.A27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了2024年春节假期期间，中国旅游市场表现超出预期，国内旅游人次和旅游相关收入均创新高，得益于强烈的旅游需求、充足的市场供应和良好的旅游政策。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“TheministrysaidonSundaythatthedomestictourismmarketsaw474milliontripsduringtheholiday,up34.3percentyear-on-year.Thenumbermarkeda19percentincreasecomparedwiththesameholidayperiodin2019.Domestictourism-relatedincomereached632.69billionyuan($87.95billion)duringtheholiday,astrikingincreaseof47.3percentyear-on-yearand7.7percentgrowthfromthesameholidayperiodin2019.(该部门在周日表示，在节日期间，国内旅游市场实现了4.74亿次旅行，同比增长34.3%。与2019年同期相比，这一数字增长了19%。节日期间，国内旅游相关收入达到6326.9亿元人民币（约合879.5亿美元），同比大幅增长47.3%，比2019年同期增长了7.7%)”可知，这段内容通过列出具体的数据来展示春节期间国内旅游市场的活跃度，包括旅游人数和旅游相关收入的增长情况，故选A项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“XiaoPeng,aresearcherwithtravelportalQunar

(旅游网),saidthatthelongerholidaythisyear—itusuallylastssevendaysinotheryears—madetourism-focusedtripsamorepopularchoiceamongtheChinese.(旅游门户网站去哪儿网的研究员肖鹏表示，今年春节假期比往年更长——通常其他年份为7天——使得以旅游为重点的旅行成为中国人更受欢迎的选择)”可知，由于假期的延长，以旅游为重点的旅行变得更加受欢迎，故选D项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Besidestheprosperousdomestictourism,thehomeandabroadtourismmarketalsodeliveredasurprisinglygoodperformanceduringtheholiday.(除了国内旅游市场的繁荣外，国内外旅游市场在假期期间也表现出了出人意料的好成绩)”可知，这句话暗示了作者接下来可能会讨论与往返海外的旅行相关的信息，故选A项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“China’stourismmarketshowedabetter-than-expectedperformanceovertheeight-daySpringFestivalholiday,whichstartedonFeb.10.(中国的旅游市场在2月10日开始的为期八天的春节假期中表现超出预期)”可知，文章提供了关于旅游市场的最新数据、趋势和来自旅游门户网站的评论，这些都是流行网站常见的内容。故选B项。CFordecadeslinguistshavearguedoverhowchildrenlearnlanguage.Somethinkthatbabiesarebornas“blankboards”whopickuplanguagesimplyfromexperience—hearing,seeingandplayingwiththeworld.Othersarguethatexperienceisnotenoughandthatbabies’brainsmustbehardwiredtomakeacquiringlanguageeasy.AImodelssuchasGPT-4havedonelittletosettlethedebate.Thewaythesemodelslearnlanguage—bycollectinglotsoftextdatafrommillionsofwebpages—isgreatlydifferenttotheexperiencesofbabies.AteamofscientistsatNewYorkUniversityexaminedthequestionbytraininganAImodelontheexperiencesofasinglebaby.Betweentheagesofsixand25months,ayoungchildcalledSamhadahead-wearingcameraforanhouraweek-aroundoneofhiswakinghours.Thecamerarecordedeverythinghesawandheardwhileheplayedwithtoys,enjoyeddaysattheparkandinteractedwithhispetcats.TherecordingsandaudiowerefedintoanAl,whichwassetuptoknowthatimagesandwordsthatappearedatthesametimewererelated,butwasotherwiselefttomakesenseofthemessofcolorsandspeechthatSamexperienced.Despitethelimitedtrainingdata,theAIwasabletopickoutobjectsandlearnthematchingwords.TheresearcherstestedthemodelbyaskingittoidentifyobjectsthatSamhadseenbefore,suchasachairfromhishomeoroneofhistoyballs.Givenalistoffouroptionsthemodelpickedthecorrectword62ofthetime,farabovethechancelevelof25%.Totheresearchers’surprise,themodelcouldalsoidentifychairsandballsthatSamhadneverseen.TheAIlearnedatleast40differentwords,butitwasfarfrommatchingSam’svocabularyandlanguageabilitiesbytheendoftheexperiment.TheresearchersrecentlyargueinthejournalSciencethat,tomatchwordstoobjects,learningfromexperiencemaywellbeenough.Doubters,however,doubtthattheAIwouldbeabletolearnabstractnounsorverbs,andquestionhowsimilarthelearningprocessesreallyare.Themysteryoflanguageacquisitionliveson.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hardwired”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Organic. B.Average. C.Born. D.Reliable.29.WhatarethefindingsoftheresearchonAImodels?A.AImodelscanunderstandbabies’speech.B.AImodelscanenrichtheirvocabularybythemselves.C.AImodelscanremembermoreobjectsbutcan’tpickthemout.D.AImodelscanlearnmorewordsbutcan’tmatchbabies’abilities.30.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Leaningfromexperienceisfarfromenough.B.Languageabilitiesofbabiesareborninnature.C.HowtheAIisdevelopedproveseasyforscientists.D.HowtheAIpicksupthelanguageremainsunknown.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthebabyAI?A.Positive. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Subjective.【答案】28.C29.D30.D31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项用AI研究婴儿语言习得的实验，发现AI能从婴儿经验中学习词汇，但无法与婴儿的能力相提并论。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段的“Fordecadeslinguistshavearguedoverhowchildrenlearnlanguage.Somethinkthatbabiesarebornas“blankboards”whopickuplanguagesimplyfromexperience—hearing,seeingandplayingwiththeworld.Othersarguethatexperienceisnotenoughandthatbabies’brainsmustbe

hardwired tomakeacquiringlanguageeasy.(几十年来，语言学家一直在争论儿童是如何学习语言的。有些人认为婴儿出生时就像一块“白板”，他们只是从经验中学习语言——听、看和与世界玩耍。另一些人则认为，经验是不够的，婴儿的大脑一定是……才能使学习语言变得容易。)”可知，根据“Some...Others”可知，这两种人的观点是不一致的，第一种人认为婴儿出生时就像一块“白板”，他们只是从经验中学习语言——听、看和与世界玩耍，即孩子学习语言是依靠外部环境的，则第二种人认为孩子学习语言是与生俱来的能力，则划线词意为“天生的”。故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Totheresearchers’surprise,themodelcouldalsoidentifychairsandballsthatSamhadneverseen.

TheAIlearnedatleast40differentwords,butitwasfarfrommatchingSam’svocabularyandlanguageabilitiesbytheendoftheexperiment.(令研究人员惊讶的是，这个模型还能识别出山姆从未见过的椅子和球。人工智能学会了至少40个不同的单词，但在实验结束时，它的词汇量和语言能力还远远达不到山姆的水平。)

”可知，人工智能模型可以学习更多的单词，但无法与婴儿的能力相提并论。故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“TheresearchersrecentlyargueinthejournalSciencethat,tomatchwordstoobjects,learningfromexperiencemaywellbeenough.Doubters,however,doubtthattheAIwouldbeabletolearnabstractnounsorverbs,andquestionhowsimilarthelearningprocessesreallyare.Themysteryoflanguageacquisitionliveson.(研究人员最近在《科学》杂志上提出，要将单词与物体匹配起来，从经验中学习可能就足够了。然而，怀疑者怀疑人工智能是否能够学习抽象的名词或动词，并质疑学习过程到底有多相似。语言习得的奥秘一直存在。)”可知，人工智能学习语言的过程仍然还有未知的东西需要去探索。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“TheresearchersrecentlyargueinthejournalSciencethat,tomatchwordstoobjects,learningfromexperiencemaywellbeenough.Doubters,however,doubtthattheAIwouldbeabletolearnabstractnounsorverbs,andquestionhowsimilarthelearningprocessesreallyare.Themysteryoflanguageacquisitionliveson.(研究人员最近在《科学》杂志上提出，要将单词与物体匹配起来，从经验中学习可能就足够了。然而，怀疑者怀疑人工智能是否能够学习抽象的名词或动词，并质疑学习过程到底有多相似。语言习得的奥秘一直存在。)”可知，人工智能学习语言的过程仍然还有未知的东西需要去探索，由此可知，作者客观地呈现了婴儿AI技术目前的现状，因此作者的态度是不明确的。故选C。DRestrictiveuniformscouldbepreventingprimaryschoolpupils,especiallygirls,frombeingphysicallyactive,researchsuggests.Incountrieswheremostschoolsrequirestudentstowearuniforms,feweryoungpeoplereachtheWorldHealthOrganization’sminimumrecommendationof60minutesofphysicalactivityadayacrossawholeweek,accordingtoastudybytheUniversityofCambridge.Therewasagreaterdifferencebetweengirlsandboysofprimary-schoolageincountrieswhereuniformswerecommon.Thefindingwasnotcopiedamongchildrenofsecondary-schoolage.Thismaybeowingtotheexerciseyoungerchildrengetthroughouttheday—forexample,throughrunning,climbingandactiveplayatbreakandlunchtimes.Thefindingsconfirmearlierevidencethatgirlsfeellesscomfortableparticipatinginactiveplayiftheyarewearingcertaintypesofclothingsuchasskirtsordresses.Dr.MaireadRyan,aresearcherattheinstituteofeducationandMRCunitatCambridge,said,“Schoolsoftenprefertouseuniformsforvariousreasons.Wearenottryingtosuggestablanketbanonthem,buttopresentnewevidencetosupportdecision-making.Schoolcommunitiescouldconsiderdesign,andwhetherspecificcharacteristicsofauniformmighteitherencourageorrestrictanyopportunitiesforphysicalactivity.”A2021studyinEnglandfoundthedesignofgirls’PEuniformspreventedstudentsfromparticipatingincertainactivities.Otherstudieshavesuggestedgirlsaremuchshyerabouttakingpartinphysicalactivitywhenwearinguniformsinwhichtheydonotfeelcomfortable.Dr.EsthervanSluijs,seniorauthorandMRCinvestigator(调查员),said,“Girlsmightfeellessconfidentaboutdoingthingslikecartwheelsandtumblesintheplayground,orridingabikeonawindydayiftheyarewearingaskirtordress.Socialexpectationstendtoinfluencewhattheyfeeltheycandointheseclothes.Unfortunately,whenitcomestopromotingphysicalhealth,that’saproblem.”TheWHOrecommendsthatyoungpeopleget60minutesofatleastmoderate-intensity(中等强度)physicalactivityaday.TheCambridgestudyconfirmedpreviousobservationsthatmostchildrenandteenagerswerenotmeetingthisrecommendation—especiallygirls,whohaveagapof7.6percentagepointswithboys.32.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingParagraph1?A.Tostatethefindings. B.Tomakeacomparison.C.Toexplainaphenomenon. D.Tojustifyanassumption.33.Whydogirlstudentsfeellessconvenientinsomeuniforms?A.Theyhavelessphysicalactivitydaily.B.Theyhavemuchlaborworkatschool.C.Certainuniformslimittheirphysicalactivity.D.Certainuniformsmakethemactwellinactiveplay.34.WhatdoesDr.MaireadRyanprobablyagreewith?A.It’sbettertorestrictphysicalactivity.B.It’sbettertosupportdecision-making.C.Uniformsshouldbebannedstrictlyinschools.D.Schoolsshouldthinkabouttheuniformdesign.35.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ProperuniformscansetstudentsfreeB.SchoolsareresponsibleforuniformsC.StudentscanbenefitalotfromuniformsD.Uniformsmaypreventyoungergirlsfrombeingactive【答案】32.A33.C34.D35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了校服对小学生体育锻炼的影响。根据剑桥大学的研究，严格的校服可能会阻碍小学生，尤其是女孩进行体育锻炼，导致他们参与运动的时间减少。研究者建议学校考虑优化校服设计，从而鼓励学生参与体育活动。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Restrictiveuniformscouldbepreventingprimaryschoolpupils,especiallygirls,frombeingphysicallyactive,researchsuggests.Incountrieswheremostschoolsrequirestudentstowearuniforms,feweryoungpeoplereachtheWorldHealthOrganization’sminimumrecommendationof60minutesofphysicalactivityadayacrossawholeweek,accordingtoastudybytheUniversityofCambridge.(研究表明，严格的校服可能会阻碍小学生，尤其是女孩进行体育锻炼。剑桥大学的一项研究显示，在大多数学校要求学生穿校服的国家，达到世界卫生组织建议的每周每天最少运动60分钟的年轻人更少)”可知，作者在本段中陈述了这项研究的研究结果。故选A项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thismaybeowingtotheexerciseyoungerchildrengetthroughouttheday—forexample,throughrunning,climbingandactiveplayatbreakandlunchtimes.Thefindingsconfirmearlierevidencethatgirlsfeellesscomfortableparticipatinginactiveplayiftheyarewearingcertaintypesofclothingsuchasskirtsordresses.(这可能是由于年幼的孩子整天都在锻炼，例如，在休息和午餐时间跑步、爬山和积极玩耍。研究结果证实了先前的证据，即如果女孩穿着特定类型的衣服，如裙子或连衣裙，她们在参与积极的游戏时会感到不太舒服)”可知，女生觉得穿某些校服不方便的原因是这些限制了她们的身体活动。故选C项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中MaireadRyan博士所说的话“Wearenottryingtosuggestablanketbanonthem,buttopresentnewevidencetosupportdecision-making.Schoolcommunitiescouldconsiderdesign,andwhetherspecificcharacteristicsofauniformmighteitherencourageorrestrictanyopportunitiesforphysicalactivity.(我们并不是要建议全面禁止它们，而是要提供新的证据来支持决策。学校团体可以考虑设计，以及校服的特定特征是否会鼓励或限制任何体育活动的机会)”可知，他希望这项研究可以为学校的校服设计决策提供新的证据，从对参与体育活动的影响方面优化设计。由此可知，他赞成的观点是“学校应该考虑校服的设计”。故选D项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Restrictiveuniformscouldbepreventingprimaryschoolpupils,especiallygirls,frombeingphysicallyactive,researchsuggests.(研究表明，严格的校服可能会阻碍小学生，尤其是女孩进行体育锻炼)”可知，文章围绕校服对小学生体育锻炼的影响展开。文章指出剑桥大学的研究显示，严格的校服可能会阻碍小学生，尤其是女孩进行体育锻炼，导致他们参与运动的时间减少，因此研究者建议学校考虑优化校服设计，从而鼓励学生参与体育活动。因此，D项“校服可能会妨碍小女孩的活动”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Motivationinvolvesinspiringandencouragingindividualsorateamtowillinglyandenthusiasticallypursueacommongoalorobjective.Motivationisn’tsomethingjustboundtoleadersoraworkplace.____36____Theremustalwaysbeareasontodosomethinginlife,whichiscalledmotivation.Let’stakealookatmotivationfromaleader’sperspective.Herearesomeofthecharacteristicsthatyoushouldknowabout.____37____Inorderfortheemployeestobemotivated,aleadermustadjustthepersonalgoalsalongsidetheorganization’sgoals.Itcannotworkanyotherway.Ifyouareaimingtobeasuccessfulleader,thenyouneedtoexpressaconvincingviewthatresonates(共鸣)withtheteammembers’personalvalues.Reachouttotheirvalues,noticewhatmakesthemtickandarrangethatwiththeorganizationalgoals.CommunicationNeedlesstosay,effectivecommunicationisamustifyouwantyourworkforcetobemotivated,andthattooforalongperiodoftime.____38____Whenthisisdoneinapropermanner,youwillstartseeingfruitfulresults.Leaderscommunicatethepurposeandsignificanceoftasksandprojects,makingteammembersunderstandwhytheircontribut