PEP小学英语语法表-音标-文化归类表

PEP小学英语语法表

PEP语法汇总一

名词复数的规则变化

构成法例词

book-books

A.在一般情况下，词尾加-s

bed-beds

bus-buses

B.以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词，box一一boxes

词尾加-esdish-dishes

watch一一watches

C.以f或fe结尾的词,先将f或knife-knives

fe改成v,再加-eswife一一wives

D.以。结尾的单词,有生命的物tomato——tomatoes

质加-es,无生命的物质加-sphoto一一photos

E.以辅音字母加y结尾,先y将family一一families

改i,再加上-escity一一cities

PEP语法汇总二

现在进行时构成ing形式

构成法例词

work-working

A.一般加-ing

study一一studying

live-living

B.以e结尾的词去e后加-ing

write一一writing

C.动词为单音节：以单一元音

字母+单一辅音字母结尾，辅音字

stop一一stopping

母双写，再加ing;动词为双音节

run一一running

或者多音节：最后一个音节为重读

swim-swimming

音节，以单一元音字母+单一辅音

begin-一beginning

字母结尾辅音字母双写，再加

ing

PEP语法汇总三

一般现在时单三形式

构成法例词

help-helps

A.一般动词在词尾加-s

make一一makes

fix--fixes

B.以s,x,ch,sh,结尾的动

teach--teaches

词在词尾加-es

wash--washes

go——goes

C.以o结尾的动词在词尾加-es

do一一does

fly--flies

D.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，

study一一studies

先y变为i，再加-es

carry一一carries

E.不规则变化have--has

PEP语法汇总四

一般过去时-ed形式

构成法例词

cook一一cooked

A.一般动词在词尾加-ed

play-played

B.以e结尾的动词在词尾加-dlive一一lived

C.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，fly--flied

先y变为i,再加-edstudy--studied

D.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重stop-stopped

读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母加plan-planned

-ed

swim-swam

E.不规则变化

have一一had

am-was

F.be动词变化is-was

are——were

PEP语法汇总五

形容词比较级er形式

构成法例词

A.一般直接加-erlong-longer

B.如果以-e结尾，直接加-rnice一一nicer

C.闭音节词如末尾只有一个辅

big-bigger

音字母须双写这个字母，再加-er

D.以辅音字母加-y结尾的词，

heavy一一heavier

变y为i,再加-er.

小学阶段没有强调比较级的不规则变化

小学英语时态总结

一、一现在进行时：bedoing动词+ing的特殊变化见附1

Iameating.Heiseating.

二、一般将来时：begoingtodo

Iamgoingtoeat.Heisgoingtoeat.

三、一般现在时：主+动s动词+s的特殊变化见附2

Ieat.Heeats.

四、一般过去时：主+动ed动词+ed的特殊变化见附3

Iate.Heate.

附1:动词+ing的特殊变化

1去e+ing:takingmakingcominghavingwritingdancing

2双写最后一个字母+ing:runningswimming

附2：动词+s的特殊变化

动词+es:goesdoeswatchesteachespasses

附3：动词+ed的特殊变化

do—didis/am—wasare—werehave—hadgo-went

read—readeat—atebuy—boughttake—tooksing-sang

dance—dancedsee—sawget—gotleave—leftswim-swam

study—studiedfly—flewsay—saidcome—camerun—ran

tell—tolddrink—drankfind—found

附4：形容词比较级的特殊变化：

big—biggerthin—thinnerheavy—heavierfunny—funnier

附5：代词的变化

主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey

宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem

物主代词〜的myyourhisheritsouryourtheir

PEP小学英语音标

/i://e://a://□://u://i//e//ae//a//p//b//t//d//k//g//f/

/v//6//d//s//z/

/J7/s//h//r//tj//ds//ts//dz//tr//dr//j7/w//m//n//g//I/

/au//A//O//U//ei//ai//oi//W13/£o//uo/

元音：aeiou

Aacake,face,date,snake9grape,make,

game,plate9later,name,lake,etc

cat,map,hat,sad,happy,black,etc

Eeevening,we,he,be,she,these,etc

bed,help,elbow,desk,ten,leg,

eleven,dress,egg,hen,yes,very,etc

liice,time,bike,ride,white,Friday,

library,rice,like,nice,kite,size,etc

pink,six,in,pig,fifty,river,

windy,sick,sister,sit,milk,fish,

slipper,in,thin,big,swimoit,etc

Oohome,nose,rose,go,those,hole,

close,hotel,old,hello,rope,cold,etc

nod,not,closet,ox,fox,lock,

lot,shop,rock,office,orange,on,etc

Uusun,sunny,fun,jump,lunch,

supper,under,truck,duck,donut,US,

Sunday,hundred,etc

computer,Tuesday,excuse,unit,

January,avenue,music,use,etc

元音字母组合

eatea,speak,dream,east,easy,teacher,

leaf,leave,read,jeansomeat,cheap,etc

breakfast,bread,sweater,head,etc

eesee,need,queen,sheep,teeth,green,sleep,nineteen,street,

knee,etc

ootoothbrush,zoo,cooLfood,noodles,Kangaroo,school,afternoon,

cookie,etc

classroom,book,foot,look,good,

bedroom,cookies,wood,etc

oublouse,house,mouth,mouse,south,cloudy,about,etc

department,calf,park,March,apartmentsfar,marker,hard,

party,etc

morning,north,for,comer,short,shorts,story,horse,forty,

homework,work,doctor,world,word,etc

irshirt,bird,skirt,thirsty,thirty,third,circle,first,girl,etc

urThursday,purple,hurt,nurse,hamburger,Saturday,etc

ersweater,sister,teacher,letter,supper,

computer,burger,under,comer,tiger,etc

earear,year,near,hear,dear,etc

X-ray,day,May,play,may,always,today,gray,okay,

way,etc

owknow,below,slow,yellow,show,snow,bowl

cow,now,brown,flower,down,etc

oaboat,goat,road,etc

辅音字母组合

shcashier,she,sheep,shoes,fish,etc

chchicken,teacher,chalk,chair,chant,

children,much,China,etc

trwaitress,tree,street,truck,traffic,

strawberry,trick,etc

drdrink,dress,drive,dream,draw,etc

ththeatre,thirsty,three,think,third,Thursday,teeth,etc

mother,father,this,that,they,brother,these,those,their,

etc

whwhere,what,white,when,why,etc

用对称法排序

20个辅音3个鼻音2个半元音3个似拼音20个元音

元音字母读音例词

a在开音节中[ei]nameplaneJanebabycake

在闭音节中[ae]bagdadhatmapblackback

e在开音节中[i:]hethesemeChinese

在闭音节中[e]bedletpendeskyesegg

i在开音节中[ai]bikeflydrivetimenicekite

在闭音节中fishbigdrinksitmilkswim

o在开音节中[ou]thoseclosegohoehomeno

在闭音节中[C]clocknotboxshopsock

U在开音节中[ju:]studentexcusedutyTuesday

在闭音节中[A]buscupjumpmuchlunch

在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母jIrs后面时读［u:］音，例如：Juneblue

rulersuper

二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

元音字母读音例词

a在［w］音后面［C］wantwhatwatchwashquality

a在fnskphspssstth前[a:]afterplantgraphaskgraspglassfastfather

i在-nd-Id和gh前[ai]findchildlighthigh

o在-st-Id前[ou]mostpostcardoldcold

。在mnvth前[A]comemonkeylovemother

三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母读音例词

a[E]EChinaanotherwomanbreakfast

orangecomradevillagecabbage

e[E]hundredstudentopenweekend

chickenpocketbeginchildren

i[E]/holidaybeautifulfamilyanimal

[ai]exercisesatellite

o[E]secondtonightsomebodywelcome

[Eu]alsozerophoto

u[E]autumndifficult

[ju:]popularcongratulationJanuary

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate

u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母jIrs后面时，读[u:]音，例如：Julyinfluence

Februaryissue

在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母aei即可以读作[E]音，也可以读作

音。

四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组读音例词

arar在[w]音后面[a:]carfarmdarksharpener

[C:]warmquartertowards

oror在[w]音后面[C:]fortymorningshort

[E:]wordworkerworse

erirur[E:]certainlybirdThursday

辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的

拼读规则发音。例如：carrysorryhurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音，例如：dollarteachermartyrforget

Saturday

五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组读音例词

are[EE]caredarehare

ere[iE]heremere

ire[aiE]firehirewire

ore[C:]morescorebefore

ure[juE]purecure

areereireore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[E]音，例如:

picturepleasure

重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规

则拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。例如：parentzerostoryduringinspiring

某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orangeveryAmerican

paragraph

六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组读音例词

ai/ay[ei]afraidrainwaitdayplay

air[EE]airhairchairpairrepair

alal在fm前[C]smallballtalkwallall

[C:l]alwaysalsosaltalmost

[a:]halfcalm

au/aw[C:]autumndaughterdraw

ea[i:]teacheasycheapplease

[e]heavybreadsweaterweather

[ei]breakgreat

ear[iE]heardearnearclearyear

[EE]bearpearwearswear

[E:]earthlearnearly

ee[i:]jeepweekgreenthree

eer[iE]pioneerdeerbeer

ei/ey[ei]eightneighbourthey

[i:]eitherkey

eu/ew在jIrs后[ju:]newfewnewspaper

[u:]flewbrewjewelry

ie/ei[s]音之后[i:]piecefieldreceive

oa[ou]coatJoanboatgoal

oar/oor[C:]roarboarddoorfloor

oi/oy[Ci]noisepointboytoilet

oo[u:]broomfoodtoothschool

booklookcookfootgood

ou/ow[au]flowerhousecountdown

[ou]knowrowthrowthough

[A]youngcountryenough

[u:]groupyousoup

our[C:]courseyourfour

[auE]ourhourours

[E:]journey

ui在jIrs后[ju:i]fluidsuicidetuition

[u:]juicefruitsuit

七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音

元音字组或字群读音例词

ai/ayei/eySundayforeignmonkey

ow[ou]yellowsparrowtomorrow

元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或。例如:neighbourseriousfamousbiscuit

coffee

-sion-tion[Fn]impressionnation

-sion在元音字母后[Vn]visiondecisionoccasion

-tion在s后[tFEn]questionsuggestion

-sten[sn]listen

-stle[si]whistle

-sure[VE]pleasuremeasure

-ture[tFE]pictureculture

八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音

复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读

音节拼读规则拼读。例如：everyday[ei]handbag[ae]blackboardd

有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个

词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如：sun太阳+

day[ei]日子>Sunday星期天holy神圣+day[ei]日子>holiday假日

break中断+fast[a:]斋戒>breakfast[E]早餐cup茶杯+board木板[C:]>

cupboard[E]碗柜

九、辅字组的读音

辅字组读音例词

bbikebusbag

[/]bombtomb

cc在e前或在i/y前[k]cakepicturecoatmusic

[s]facedecidecinema

ch[tF]muchchickrichteacher

[k]schoolheadachechemistry

[F]machine

-ck[k]cockpocketblackknock

d[d]doctorbreadhandday

-dge[dV]bridgefridge

dr-[dr]childrendriverdrink

f[f]fivefourbreakfast

gg在ei/y前[A]baggardengo

[dV]orangelargeGerman

gh[f]coughenough

[/]lightdaughterhigh

gu--guegu在非重读音节中[A]guessleaguedialogue

[Aw]languageanguish

h[h]hotheadhousehand

[/]hourhonest

j[dV]jeepjarjokejoinJuly

k[k]kindbikeskatemakeweek

kn-[n]knifeknowknock

I[I]lifemilkschooltall

m[m]monkeycomeautumn

-mn[m]autumncolumnsolemn

nn在[k][g]音前[n]notshinetennote

[N]unclethankhungry

-ng[N]morningyoungwrong

p[p]paperplanepigshippen

ph[f]elephantphototelephone

q[k]Iraq

qu-[kw]qualityquite

r[r]redrubberruler

s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前[s]sitsleepdesk

[z]musichusband

sc-[sk]scarlet

[s]musclescience

sh[F]shefishshirtwash

t在通常情况下在弱读字母iaieio前[t]tenlettermeet

[F]patientnation

tch[tF]watch

th在通常情况下在冠词代词介词连词中在词尾-the-ther中出]thinthirty

method

[T]thethesewiththan

[T]clothefatherweather

tr-[tr]treetraincountrytruck

v[v]veryvoiceloveleave

w[w]weekwinwakesweetwait

[/]Answertwo

wh-wh-在字母o前[w]whatwhenwhitewhy

[h]whowhosewhole

x在重读元音前[ks]boxtextexercise

[gz]exampleexistexact

wr-[r]write

y-[j]yesyardyellowyoung

PEP文化知识总汇

PEP教材文化知识总汇共十类

夕

识书页

单元文化主题关键词

分册数

类

Theknifeisontheright.Thefork

第五单元p

西餐礼仪isontheleft.Thespoonisbesidethe

上let'seat57

knife.Theplateisinthemiddle.

四

第五单元饭后甜点

上PIt'ssomethingsweet,likepudding,

whatwoulddessert的

食67fruitorice-cream*--

youlike介绍。

文

化

第三单元

what's

五P中国食品

your汤圆饺子粽子月饼

上36的英语表达

favorite

food

第一单元

welcome

Pwomen's

backto

11day

下school

Pchildren

第五单元

57'sday

whereismy

日ruler?

文

recycle2

化四PfatherChristmas>Christmastree、

Merry圣诞来了

上80turkey、gifts.

Christmas:

第二单元

五Pmothersday,father'sday,

mydaysof西方节日

上24thanksgivingday

theweek

出口和入

第六单元pentranceexitwomen'sme

口卫生间标

下atthezoo67n's

z志

活第四单元不同国家

常五rD

whatare的紧急求救911等

识下54

youdoing?号码

日

第六单元

常六P水零度结

thestory

标上78冰膨胀

oftherain

志

的第一单元

六P鲸鱼的介

认HowtallSpermwhale,killerwhale

下9绍

识areyou?

第三单元

六1D

last常见标志nofishingnoswimming等

下36

weekend.

第六单元对爸爸和

四7

彳meetmy妈妈的多种mom,mommy,mama,dad,daddy,papa.

上9

呼family!:称呼叫法

介第五单元同一个工

六Pactoractress,saleswoman,

绍whatdoes作性别不同

上66salesperson,mailman,mailperson.