海南省东方市琼西中学高二上学期第一次月考英语试题

20212022学年度上学期第一次月考高二英语试题第一节（共5小题）1.WhenwillMr.Addisonreturn?A.OnMondayafternoon.B.OnThursdaynight.C.OnFridaymorning.2.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inachurch.C.Inamuseum.3.Whydoesthemanbringbacktheshirt?A.Becausehedoesn’tlikethecolor.B.Becauseitistoosmall.C.Becauseitistoobig.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftherestaurantpriceshere?A.Fair.B.Cheap.C.Expensive.5.Whatwillthewomandothisevening?A.Pickherdadupattherailwaystation.B.Seeherdadoffattherailwaystation.C.Gotoanothercitytogetherwithherdad.第二节（共15小题）听第6段材料，回答第6～8小题。6.Whatisthewoman’sopiniontowardrainonone’sbirthday?A.Goodforone’sgrandfather.B.Itmeansalotofmoneyinthefuture.CItcanbeseenasasurprise.7.WhatisSusangoingtodobeforetheparty?A.TopickPeterup.B.Togotoaconcert.C.Topreparefortheparty.8.Whataretheymainlytalkingabout?A.Makingmoney.B.Theweather.C.Abirthdayparty.听第7段材料，回答第9~11小题。9.Wheredidtheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atanoffice.B.Onthephone.C.Atateahouse.10.WhenwouldMr.Robinsoncallagain?A.Inaboutonehour.B.Inabouthalfanhour.C.Inaboutoneandahalfhours.11.WhichisTRUEaccordingtothisconversation?A.MissMartin’sworkedtogetherwithherboyfriendinthesameoffice.B.Mr.FrenchaskedMissMaggietobringhimacupofcoffee.C.Mr.French’sofficemightbeinanycountrybutFrance.听第8段材料，回答第12~14小题。12.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Friends.C.Strangers.13.Wheredoesthewomaneform?A.Indiana.B.California.C.NewYork.14.Whydidthewomanmovehere?A.Becauseofthehotweather.B.Becauseofthecoldweather.C.Becauseofthedryweather.听第9段材料，回答第15~17小题。15.Howmanybananasdoestheman’sneighborseateveryday?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.16.Whoeatseggsonlytoloseweight?A.Theman’ssister.B.Theman’scousin.C.Theman’sneighbour.17Whatdoesthewomanthinkofasteakdiet?A.Itdamagestheteeth.B.Itisharmfultotheheart.C.Itcoststoomuchmoney.听第10段材料，回答第18~20小题。18.Atwhattimedidtheaccidenthappen?A.At5:00a.m..B.At11:00a.m..C.At5:00p.m..19.Howmanystudentsgotinjuredintheaccident?A.Ten.B.Eleven.C.Twelve.20.Whoisprobablythespeaker?A.Ateacher.B.Apoliceman.C.Abroadcaster.二阅读理解（共40分）AThecityofSanFranciscoisawonderfultouristattractionthatoffersmanydifferentthingstoseeanddo.ThebestwayforatravelertogetagoodlookatthecityistotakeoneofthemanydifferenttoursthereWalktoTourtheCityWhentouringthecitybywalking,youaren'tgoingtowalkmuch.What'smore,therearefarmorebenefits.Thiskindoftourallowsyoutoseeasmanybuildingsofthecityaspossible.Atourofthecityonfootusuallyfocusesonamorelocalizedneighborhoodlevel,whichcanbeveryinterestinginanumberofdifferentways.HittheWatersofSanFranciscoBayThewatersofSanFranciscoBayhaveplayedanimportantroleinthecity'sdevelopmentoverthelastcentury.TouringSanFranciscofromthewaterispletelyuniquewayforyoutoseethiswonderfulcity.TakeaBusTourIfyouwanttoseeawidevarietyofattractionsfromalloverthecity,oneofthebestthingsyoucoulddoistobookatourthroughourpanythatoffersserviceshere.AbustourofSanFranciscoisoneofthemostpletewaystoexperiencethecityTourSanFranciscoFromtheAirWhileitisoneofthemostexpensivewaystoseeSanFrancisco,touringthecityfromtheairisoneofthemostuniqueandexcitingwaystoseethecity.Seeingthecityfromhighaboveallowsyoutogetafullviewofthecityastourguidespointoutattractionsfromhighabove.IfyoudodecidetotourSanFranciscobyair,you'llbecreatingmemoriesthatyouwon'tforgetforever.Weareatravelagencyprovidinghighqualityservicesanddiscounts.Formoreinformation,pleaseclickhere.1.HowshouldyoutourSanFranciscoinordertoappreciateitsbuildings?A.Byair. B.Bybus. C.Onfoot. D.Byboat2.WhatcanwelearnaboutthewatersofSanFranciscoBay?A.Theyhavehighqualityseawater.B.Theyareexploredonalocalizedlevel.C.Theywerenotinuseuntilthelastcentury.D.Theyhavehelpedthecitytodevelop.3.Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthistext?A.Inamagazine. B.Inanewspaper. C.Onawebsite. D.OnTV.【答案】1.C2.D3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍游览旧金山的几个旅游路线。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Atourofthecityonfootusuallyfocusesonamorelocalizedneighborhoodlevel,whichcanbeveryinterestinginanumberofdifferentways.”可知，步行游览城市通常集中在一个更本地化的社区层面，这在很多方面是非常有趣的，由此可知欣赏旧金山的建筑物的最佳方式是步行，故C项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ThewatersofSanFranciscoBayhaveplayedanimportantroleinthecity'sdevelopmentoverthelastcentury.”可知，旧金山湾的水域在城市发展中扮演着重要的角色，故D项正确。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Formoreinformation,pleaseclickhere.”可知，点击这里获取更多信息，由此可知这篇文章来自于网站，故C项正确。BIwasneververyneatwhilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.Eachofherobjectshaditsplace,butmyalwayshidsomewhere.Sheevenlabeled(贴标签)everything.Ialwayslookedforeverything.Overtime,KategotneaterandIgotmymerriser.ShemovedtopushmydirtyclothingoverandIwouldlaymybooksonhertidydesk.Webothgottiredofeachother.Whobrokeoutoneevening.Katecameintotheroom.Soon,Iheardherscreaming,“Takeyourshoesaway!whyundermybed!”SuddenlyIsawmyshoesflyingatme.Ijumpedtomyfeetandstartedyelling.Sheyelledbacklouder.Theroomwasfilledwithanger.Wecouldnothavestayedtogetherforasingleminutebutforaphonecall.Kateansweredit.Fromherendoftheconversation,Icouldtellrightawayhergrandmawasseriouslyill.Whenshehungup.Shequicklycrawled(爬)underhercovers,crying.Obviously.thatwassomethingshecouldnotgothroughalone.Allofasudden,awarmfeelingofsympathy(同情)roseupinmyheart.Slowly,Icollectedthepencils,tookbackthebooks,mademybad.Cleanedthesuckersandsweptthefloorevenonherside.IgotsoabsorbedintomyworkthatIevendidn’tnoticeKatehadsatup.Shewaswatching.Hertearsdriedandherexpressionwassuchdisbelief.Then,shereachedoutherhandstograspmine.Ilookedupintohereyes.Shesmiledatme.“Thanks.”KateandIstayedroommatesfortherestoftheyear.Wedidn’talwaysagree,butwelearnedthekeytolivingtogether:givingin,cleaningupandholdingon.4.WhatmadeKatesoangryoneevening?A.Shecouldn’tfindherbooks.B.Sheheardthewritershoutingloud.C.Shegotthenewsthathergrandmawasill.D.Shesawthewriter’sshoesbeneathherbed.5.Whydidthewritertidyuptheroom?A.BecauseshewasscaredbyKate’sanger.B.Becauseshehatedherselfforbeingsomessy.C.Becauseshewantedtoshowhercare.D.BecauseshewasaskedbyKatetodoso.6.Howisparagraph1mainlydeveloped?A.Byanalyzingcourses.BByshowingdifferences.C.Bydescribingaprocess.D.Byfollowingtimeorder.7.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthestory?A.MyFriendKate.B.HardWorkPaysoff.C.HowtoBeOrganized?D.LearningtoBeRoommates.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者不爱整洁，而室友却非常有条理，在和室友吵了一次架后作者学会了让步。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Soon,Iheardherscreaming,‘Takeyourshoesaway!Whyundermybed!’(很快，我听到她尖叫:“把你的鞋子拿开！为什么在我的床底下!”)”可知，凯特在床下看到了作者的鞋子让她生气了，故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Fromherendoftheconversation,Icouldtellrightawayhergrandmawasseriouslyill.Whenshehungup,shequicklyclimbedupthebedintohercovers,sobbing.Clearly,thatwassomethingsheshouldnotgothroughalone.Allofasudden,awarmfeelingofsympathyroseupinmyheart.(从她的谈话中，我立刻就知道她奶奶病得很重。挂断后，她迅速爬上被窝，抽泣着。显然，这是她不应该独自经历的事情。突然，一种温暖的同情之情在我心中升起。)”及第四段的“Slowly,Icollectedthepencils,tookbackthebooks,mademybed,cleanedthesocksandsweptthefloor,evenonherside.(慢慢地，我收好了铅笔，拿回了书，整理了我的床，擦了袜子，扫了地板，甚至在她旁边。)”可推知，作者整理房间很可能是因为她想表达她对凯特的关心，故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Iwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.Eachofherobjectshaditsplace,butminealwayshidsomewhere.Sheevenlabeled(贴标签)everything.Ialwayslookedforeverything.Overtime,KategotneaterandIgotmessier.(我从来都不是很爱整洁，而我的室友凯特却非常有条理。她的每件东西都有它的位置，但我的总是藏在某个地方。她甚至给所有东西都贴上了标签。我总是在寻找一切。随着时间的推移，凯特变得更整洁，而我变得更乱。)”可知，第一段主要讲的是作者和凯特之间在收拾房间方面的差异，因此第一段主要是通过显示差异展开的。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段的“KateandIstayedroommatesfortherestoftheyear.Wedidn’talwaysagree,butwelearnedthekeytolivingtogether:givingin,cleaningupandholdingon.(那一年剩下的时间，凯特和我一直是室友。我们并不总是意见一致，但我们学会了生活在一起的关键：让步、打扫卫生和坚持下去。)”可知，作者通过讲述作者和凯特之间从在收拾房间方面差异很大到作者做出让步，学会收拾房间来说明我们要通过让步、打扫卫生和坚持下去来学会做个好室友，因此D选项“LearningtoBeRoommates(学习做室友)”是最好的题目，故选D。CCultureisoneofthemostchallengingelementsoftheinternationalmarketplace.Thissystemoflearnedbehaviorpatternscharacteristicofthemembersofagivensocietyisconstantlyshapedbyasetofdynamicvariables:language,religion,valuesandattitudes,mannersandcustoms,aesthetics,technology,education,andsocialinstitutions.Tocopewiththissystem,aninternationalmanagerneedsbothfactualandinterpretiveknowledgeofculture.Tosomeextent,thefactualknowledgecanbelearned;itsinterpretationesonlythroughexperience.Themostplicatedproblemsindealingwiththeculturalenvironmentlieinthefactthatonecannotlearnculture—onehastoliveinit.Twoschoolsofthoughtexistinthebusinessworldonhowtodealwithculturaldiversity.Oneisthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaround,followingthemodelofPepsiandMcDonald’s.Insomecases,globalizationisafactoflife;however,culturaldifferencesarestillfarfromconverging(会合).Theotherschoolproposesthatpaniesmustadaptbusinessapproachestoindividualcultures.Settinguppoliciesandproceduresineachcountryhasbeenparedtoanorgantransplant;thecriticalquestioncentersaroundacceptanceorrejection.Themajorchallengetotheinternationalmanageristomakesurethatrejectionisnotaresultofculturalmyopia(近视)orevenblindness.Fortuneexaminedtheinternationalperformanceofadozenlargepaniesthatearn20percentormoreoftheirrevenueoverseas.Theinternationallysuccessfulpaniesallshareanimportantquality:patience.Theyhavenotrushedintosituationsbutratherbuilttheiroperationscarefullybyfollowingthemostbasicbusinessprinciples.Theseprinciplesaretoknowyouradversary(对手);knowyouraudience;andknowyourcustomer.8.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Viewsdifferonhowtotreatcultureinbusinessworld.B.Allinternationalmanagerscanlearnculture.C.Businessdiversityisnotnecessary.D.Mostpeopledonotknowforeignculturewell.9.Accordingtotheauthor,themodelofPepsi________.A.isdifferentfromthemodelofMcDonald’sB.showsthereverseofglobalizationC.hasconvergedculturaldifferencesD.isinlinewiththetheoriesthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaround10.Thetwoschoolsofthought________.A.bothproposethatpaniesshouldadaptbusinessapproachestoindividualculturesB.bothadvocatethatdifferentpoliciesbesetupindifferentcountriesC.bothadmittheexistenceofculturaldiversityinbusinessworldD.bothAandB11.Thisarticleissupposedtobemostusefulforthose________.A.whoareinterestedinresearchingthetopicofculturaldiversityB.whohaveconnectionstomorethanonetypeofcultureC.whowanttorunbusinessoninternationalscaleD.whowanttotravelabroad【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了文化背景对商业运作的影响，文中列举了商界中存在的对于文化多样性的两种观点。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Twoschoolsofthoughtexistinthebusinessworldonhowtodealwithculturaldiversity.(在如何对待文化多样性的问题上，商界存在两种说法)”可知，在如何对待商业世界中的文化问题上，观点不一。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“businessisbusinesstheworldaround,followingthemodelofPepsiandMcDonald’s(按照百事可乐和麦当劳的模式，商业就是世界各地的商业)”可知，作者认为百事可乐的模式符合商业就是世界各地的商业的理论。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“culturaldifferencesarestillfarfromconverging(文化差异仍远未融合)”以及“Theotherschoolproposesthatpaniesmustadaptbusinessapproachestoindividualcultures.(另一种观点认为，企业必须使经营方式适应不同的文化)”可推知，商界存在的对于文化多样性的两种观点都承认商界存在文化多样性。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章第一段“Cultureisoneofthemostchallengingelementsoftheinternationalmarketplace.(文化是国际市场中最具挑战性的因素之一)”以及最后一段“Theseprinciplesaretoknowyouradversary;knowyouraudience;andknowyourcustomer.(这些原则是了解你的对手；了解你商品的受众；了解你的客户)”可推知，本文应该对希望在国际范围内开展业务的人最有用。故选C项。DGlennwasbornonJuly18,1921,inCambridgeandgrewupinnearbyNewConcord,Ohio.Hestartedhisflyingcareerasafighterpilot(飞行员).Later,Glenntookadangerousjobasatestpilot,flyingnewplanestoseeiftheyweresafe.Inthelate1950s,a“spacerace”beganbetweentheU.S.andtheSovietUnion.Bothcountrieswantedtobethefirsttosendahumanintospace,includingtothemoon.In1961,aRussianastronaut,YuriGagarin,orbitedEarth.Butthespaceracewasnotoveryet.Glenn’schancetogointospacecameonFebruary20,1962.Bythattime,anotherAmerican,AlanB.Shepard,hadflowninspace,buthehadnotorbitedEarth.Glenn’sflightwasairedliveontelevisionandradio.Americanseverywherestoppedtowatch.Glenn’sFriendship7capsulecircledtheplanetthreetimes.AfaultyequipmentledGlenntobelievethecapsulemightburnuponitsreturntoEarth,butintheenditsplasheddownsafelyintheAtlanticOcean.HebecamethefirstAmericantoorbitEarthinaspaceship.In1984,Glennranforpresident,buthedidnotgetenoughsupportanddroppedoutoftherace.GlennreturnedtospaceonOctober29,1998,whenhewas77.HespentninedaysonthespaceshuttleDiscovery.Glennwentsothatscientistscouldtheeffectsofspacetravelonolderpeople.Heholdstherecordforbeingtheoldestpersoninspace.GlenndiedThursday,Dec,8,2016,attheageof95.Glennrefusedtoseehimselfasahero.Hepreferredtofocusonhiswork,saying.“IfthereisonethingI’velearnedinmyyearsonthisplanet,it’sthatthehappiestpeopleI’veknownarethosewhodevotedthemselvestosomethingbiggerandmoremeaningfulthanmerelytheirownselfinterest.”12.WhatdoweknowaboutJohnGlenn?A.HeworkedasafighterpilotinallhislifeB.Hesucceededintheraceforpresidentin1984C.HepetedwithanotherpilotAlanBinspaceraceD.HewasthefirstAmericantocircleEarthsuccessfully13.WhathappenedduringGlenn’sreturntoEarth?A.ThecapsuleopenedwhilecirclingEarthB.OnepartoftheequipmentwentwrongC.ThecapsulewasonfireallofasuddenD.Thespaceshipstoppedworkinghalfway14.WhydidGlennreturntospacein1998?A.ToprovethesafetyofnewspaceshuttlesB.TogetsupportforhisrunningforpresidentC.TotesthowspacetravelaffectedtheelderlyD.TobeetheoldestpersoninspacebyorbitingEarth15.WhatcanwelearnfromGlenn’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.SelfishpeoplecarefortheirowninterestB.HappypeoplearelikelytosucceedeasilyC.HehasknownmostofthesuccessfulpeopleD.Thepeoplewhoworkforothersarethehappiest【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了美国飞行员Glenn，他是第一个坐宇宙飞船绕地球飞行的美国人。他拒绝别人把他当作英雄，他认为为别人工作的人是最幸福的。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“HebecamethefirstAmericantoorbitEarthinaspaceship.”（他成为第一个乘坐宇宙飞船绕地球飞行的美国人）可知JohnGlenn成为第一个坐宇宙飞船绕地球飞行的美国人。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“AfaultyequipmentledGlenntobelievethecapsulemightburnuponitsreturntoEarth,butintheenditsplasheddownsafelyintheAtlanticOcean.”（一个故障的设备使Glenn相信太空舱可能会在返回地球时烧毁，但最终它安全溅落在大西洋）可知Glenn返回地球时，设备的一部分出了毛病。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“GlennreturnedtospaceonOctober29,1998,whenhewas77.HespentninedaysonthespaceshuttleDiscovery.Glennwentsothatscientistscouldtheeffectsofspacetravelonolderpeople.”（Glenn于1998年10月29日重返太空，享年77岁。他在发现号航天飞机上待了9天。Glenn去那里是为了让科学家研究太空旅行对老年人的影响。他保持着太空中年龄最大的人的记录）可知在1998年Glenn回到太空是为了测试太空旅行对老年人的影响。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“IfthereisonethingI’velearnedinmyyearsonthisplanet,it’sthatthehappiestpeopleI’veknownarethosewhodevotedthemselvestosomethingbiggerandmoremeaningfulthanmerelytheirownselfinterest.”（如果说这些年我学到了什么的话，那就是我所认识的最幸福的人都投身于更伟大、更有意义的事业，而不仅仅是为了自己的私利）可推知为别人工作的人是最幸福的。故选D。EWhenyoulookupatthebrightstarsinthenighttimesky,doyouwonderwhat’soutthere?Ofcourse,yourscienceteachershavetaughtyouthattherearestars,planets,andentiregalaxiesoutthere.____16____ManhaswalkedontheMoon,buttheMoonisfairlyclosetoEarthwhenyou’retalkingaboutouterspace.Howdoscientistsstudythefarreachesoftheuniverse?Overthecourseofhistory,manhasdevelopedamazingtechnologytohelpusseebeyondourownplanetintothevastnessofourgalaxyandevenwaybeyond.____17________18____UsinglensesandmirrorstoseebeyondEarth’sborders,telescopesgavescientiststheirfirstglimpseofwhatexistsbeyondEarth’satmosphere.Whatscientistswereabletolearnwithtelescopespavedthewayformannedspaceexploration.FromtripstotheMoontodozensofmannedspaceshuttleflights,teamsofhumanswereabletotravelinspaceandconductresearchonavarietyofscientificsubjects.____19____Themorewelearnaboutouterspace,themorewerealizehowmuchmorethereistoexplore.Thishasledscientiststodevelopevenmorepowerfultoolstohelpthemexplorewaybeyondtheplaceswecangoashumans.Forexample,thetelescopeisnolongeranEarthboundinstrument.In1990,theHubbleSpaceTelescopewaslaunchedintoouterspace.____20____Withmanydifferentcamerasandtypesofscientificinstruments,ithasprovidedscientistswithinvaluabledata.A.Whotellsusaboutit?B.Buthowdoweknowthis?C.Scientistshavealwaysbeencurious.D.It’sapieceoftechnologythat’spoweredbysunlight.E.It’satoolforscientiststoexploretheuniversewithoutdifficulty.F.Oneoftheearliesttoolsforspaceexplorationwasthetelescope.G.Thistechnologytakestheformofsomeimpressivemachinesandtools.【答案】16.B17.G18.F19.C20.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们是如何探索太阳系的，以及科学技术手段的发展。【16题详解】上文“yourscienceteachershavetaughtyouthattherearestars,planets,andentiregalaxiesoutthere(你们的科学老师教过你们，外面有恒星、行星和整个星系)”指出，老师已经教过我们有关宇宙的知识，设空处承上启下，下文“Howdoscientistsstudythefarreachesoftheuniverse?(科学家们如何研究遥远的宇宙)”表达出作者对科学家们如何研究遥远的宇宙十分感兴趣，想弄明白我们是如何得知有关宇宙的知识。B项“但是我们是怎么知道的呢？”承上启下，符合文意。故选B项。【17题详解】上文“Overthecourseofhistory,manhasdevelopedamazingtechnologytohelpusseebeyondourownplanetintothevastnessofourgalaxyandevenwaybeyond.(在历史的长河中，人类已经发展出了惊人的技术，帮助我们看到地球之外浩瀚的银河系，甚至更远的地方)”指出，随着科技的发展，已经有技术可以让我们了解宇宙，甚至更远的地方。G项“这项技术采用了一些令人印象深刻的机器和工具的形式。”承接上文，符合文意，且G项中的“technology”与上文一致。故选G项。【18题详解】下文“UsinglensesandmirrorstoseebeyondEarth’sborders,telescopesgavescientiststheirfirstglimpseofwhatexistsbeyondEarth’satmosphere.(通过透镜和镜子观察地球之外的世界，望远镜让科学家们第一次看到了地球大气层之外的世界)”指出，望远镜的大用途，可以让我们了解宇宙。F项“最早的太空探索工具之一是望远镜。”引出下文，符合段意，且F项中的“telescope”与下文一致。故选F项。【19题详解】通过上文“conductresearchonavarietyofscientificsubjects(对各种科学课题进行研究)”以及下文“Themorewelearnaboutouterspace,themorewerealizehowmuchmorethereistoexplore.(我们对外太空了解得越多，就越意识到还有更多的东西需要探索)”可知，对于地球之外的外太空，人类一直在研究探索，并且了解的越多，就越想探索更多。C项“科学家们一直都很好奇。”指出科学家们探索外太空的原因之一，承上启下，符合文意。故选C项。【20题详解】通过上文“In1990,theHubbleSpaceTelescopewaslaunchedintoouterspace.(1990年，哈勃太空望远镜被发射到外太空)”可推知，哈勃太空望远镜在外太空中无法使用电，只能依靠太阳能运行。D项“这是一项由阳光提供动力的技术。”承接上文，进一步解释说明了哈勃太空望远镜的工作原理，符合文意。故选D项。三完形填空（共15分）Yesterday,mydaughterhadtogotoworkearlierthanusual.SincethegymwhereIworkoutisnotfarfromher_____21_____,Idecidedtotakehertoworkandthengotothegym.Atquiteanearlierhour,thegymwas_____22_____fullofmenandwomenofallages,workingout.I_____23_____gotothegymatthisearlyhour,andwas_____24_____toseesomanypeople.Itseemsthatmanygotothegymbeforegoingto_____25_____.Somewanttoloseweight,otherswantto_____26_____theirbody,andagreatnumberofpeopleliketobuildtheirmuscles(肌肉).Iknowhowdifficultitisformostpeopletostartexercising.Mostpeopleknowitisgoodfortheirbody,_____27_____theyaretoolazytogotothegym,_____28_____inthemorning.They_____29_____tospendanextrahourinbedbeforestartingtheir______30______.Intheafternoon,theyaretoo______31______afterwork,andwanttostayathomeorgoouttomeetfriends.Ifyou’reoneofthem,youneedtoovere(克服)your______32______.Ifyou______33______goingtothegymandexercising,youwillstartto______34______it.Thisusually______35______whenyouseeyou’relosingweight,thatyourbodyisgettingintoabettershape,andthatyoufeelstronger.Itisthesameineveryotherareaoflife.Everythingbeeseasierifyouhavegreatmotivation.21.A.house B.garage C.office D.yard22.A.already B.still C.even D.just23.A.usually B.sometimes C.only D.seldom24.A.happy B.surprised C.excited D.satisfied25.A.hospital B.bed C.work D.school26.A.shape B.protect C.check D.change27.A.and B.but C.then D.thus28.A.actually B.simply C.especially D.generally29.A.need B.have C.prefer D.expect30.A.day B.plan C.trip D.business31.A.worried B.bored C.anxious D.tired32.A.quietness B.loneliness C.darkness D.laziness33.A.practice B.keep C.forget D.consider34.A.take B.survive C.get D.like35.A.improves B.happens C.finishes D.exists【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.C26.A27.B28.C29.C30.A31.D32.D33.B34.D35.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章以健身为例说明万事开头难，但一旦学会了自律，有了决心，见到努力的成效后就会更有动力，然后就会喜欢上这件事，进而坚持下去。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我锻炼的健身房离她的办公室不远，我决定送她去上班，然后去健身房。A.house房屋；B.garage车库；C.office办公室；D.yard院子。根据上文“mydaughterhadtogotoworkearlierthanusual”可推知，此处指作者的健身房离女儿的办公室不远，所以打算顺路送她上班。故选C项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在早些时候，健身房里已经挤满了各个年龄段的男男女女，他们都在锻炼身体。A.already已经；B.still仍然；C.even甚至；D.just只是。根据下文“toseesomanypeople”可推知，此处指作者去的时候，健身房里已经有很多人了。故选A项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很少这么早去健身房，看到这么多人我很惊讶。A.usually通常；B.sometimes有时；C.only只有；D.seldom很少。根据上文“Atquiteanearlierhour”可推知，此处指作者很少那么早赶到健身房。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很少这么早去健身房，看到这么多人我很惊讶。A.happy高兴的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.excited兴奋的；D.satisfied满意的。根据上文“Iseldomgotothegymatthisearlyhour”以及下文“toseesomanypeople”可知，作者很少那么早赶到健身房，从而推知，他看到有那么多人早早来锻炼，感到非常惊讶。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：似乎很多人在上班前都会去健身房。A.hospital医院；B.bed床；C.work工作；D.school学校。通过上文“gotoworkearlierthanusual”可推知，作者去健身房的时间很早，这个时候人们通常还没上班，由此推知，他们是在上班前去锻炼的。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人想减肥，有些人想塑形，有很多人喜欢锻炼肌肉。A.shape塑造；B.protect保护；C.check检查；D.change改变。根据下文“agreatnumberofpeopleliketobuildtheirmuscles”以及“yourbodyisgettingintoabettershape”可推知，此处指有很多人进行锻炼的目的是想要对身体进行塑形。故选A项。【27题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：大多数人知道锻炼对他们的身体有好处，但他们太懒了，不去健身房，尤其是在早上。A.and和；B.but但是；C.then然后；D.thus因此。根据上文“Mostpeopleknowitisgoodfortheirbody”以及下文“theyaretoolazytogotothegym”和“spendanextrahourinbed”可推知，上下文呈转折关系，指大多数人知道锻炼对身体有益，但他们懒得去健身房，所以应该用转折连词“but”。故选B项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：大多数人知道锻炼对他们的身体有好处，但他们太懒了，不去健身房，尤其是在早上。A.actually实际上；B.simply简单地；C.especially尤其地；D.generally通常地。根据上文“theyaretoolazytogotothegym”以及下文“spendanextrahourinbed”可推知，此处指人们懒得去健身房，尤其是在早上。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们更喜欢在开始一天的工作之前在床上多睡一个小时。A.need需要；B.have持有；C.prefer更喜欢；D.expect期望。根据上文“theyaretoolazytogotothegym,especiallyinthemorning”以及下文“spendanextrahourinbed”可推知，此处指相比于去健身房人们更喜欢早上在床上多睡一个小时。故选C项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们更喜欢在开始一天工作之前在床上多睡一个小时。A.day一天；B.plan计划；C.trip旅行；D.business商业。根据上文“especiallyinthemorning.Theyprefertospendanextrahourinbed”可知，相比于去健身房人们更喜欢早上在床上多睡一会，而早晨为新的一天的开始。故选A项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到了下午，他们下班后太累了，想呆在家里或者出去见朋友。A.worried担心的；B.bored无聊的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.tired疲惫的。根据上文“Intheafternoon”以及下文“afterwork”可推知，此处指人们下班后身体感到疲惫。故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你是其中之一，你需要克服你的懒惰。A.quietness平静；B.loneliness孤独；C.darkness黑暗；D.laziness懒惰。根据上文“toolazytogotothegym”以及“prefertospendanextrahourinbed”可推知，此处指作者建议大家克服懒惰。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你坚持去健身房锻炼，你会开始喜欢它。A.practice练习；B.keep保持；C.forget忘记；D.consider考虑。根据上文“overeyourlaziness”可知，作者建议大家克服懒惰，从而推知，此处指坚持去锻炼，保持去健身房锻炼的好习惯。短语“keepgoing”意为“保持、继续不断”故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你坚持去健身房锻炼，你会开始喜欢它。A.take携带；B.survive生存；C.get获得；D.like喜欢。根据上文“Ifyoukeepgoingtothegymandexercising”以及下文“gettingintoabettershape,andthatyoufeelstronger”可推知，此处指健身有很多好处，如果坚持锻炼，就会爱上健身。故选D项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这通常出现在当你看到自己的体重减少，自己的身材变得更好，自己变得更强壮时。A.improves改善；B.happens发生、出现；C.finishes完成；D.exists存在。根据上文“Ifyoukeepgoingtothegymandexercising,youwillstarttolikeit.”以及下文“whenyouseeyou’relosingweight,thatyourbodyisgettingintoabettershape,andthatyoufeelstronger”可推知，本句中的“This”指代的是上文的“starttolikeit(开始喜欢它)”，此处指当看到自己变得越来越好时，就会出现喜欢上健身的感觉。故选B项。四语法填空（共15分）语法填空Onceuponatime，therewasamanfromtheStateofChuwholovedhisswordverymuch.Oneday，hewassittinginaboatpreparingtocrossariver____36____heaccidentallydroppedhisswordintothewater.Withtheshipmovingfastonandthewaterrunning，thepeopleonboardremindedthatheshouldgointothewater____37____(find)hisbelovedswordback.Themanfeltingreatanxietytoo.However，he____38____(turn)adeafeartothatandinstead，he____39____(immediate)tookoutaknifeandmadeanotch(刻痕)onthesideoftheboat____40____hisdearswordfell.Thepeoplewonderedwhyhedid___41___.Hesaidproudlythenotchcouldhelptogethisswordback.Shortlyaftertheship’s____42____(arrive)attheshore，heenteredthewaterjustbeneaththenotchhemade.Thoughhavingspentrather___43___longtime，hereturnedemptyhanded.Withoutdoubt，hewaslaughedatinpublicandhisstorybecameawellknownjokeinChina.Todaytheidiom____44____(relate)tothestoryisusedtodescribeapersonwhostickstorigidruleswithoutconsideringachangingenvironment____45____describeanactionmadepointlessbychangingcircumstances.【答案】36.when37.tofind38.turned39.immediately40.where41.so42.arrival43.a44.related45.or【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国古代刻舟求剑的故事。【详解】1.考查固定句型。句意：一天，他正坐在船上准备过河，突然不小心把剑掉进了水里。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处为固定句型bedoing...when...“正在做某事，突然……”，此时when是并列连词，相当于andthen，故填when。2.考查非谓语动词。句意：船开得很快，水也在流，船上的人提醒他应该下水去找回他心爱的剑。根据句中thepeopleonboardremindedthatheshouldgointothewater，可知，此处指船上的人让他下水的目的是找回他心爱的剑。所以空白处表示目的，要用不定式。故填tofind。3.考查时态。句意：然而，他对此充耳不闻，而是立即拿出一把刀，在他心爱的剑落下的船边划了一个刻痕。分析可知，空白处在句中为谓语，结合前文Themanfeltingreatanxiety，可知此处的时态应为一般过去时。故填turned。4.考查副词。句意同上。分析句子可知，句中tookout意为“拿出”，为动词短语，前面应用副词修饰，immediate意