江苏省常州市2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末检测试题含解析

PAGEPAGE26江苏省常州市2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末检测试题（含解析）其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）请仔细阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheForeverPurgeTheatricalReleaseDate:07/02/2021Language:EnglishGenre:Action/HorrorMPAARating(分级):RMinions:TheRiseofGru(RESTRICTED:Nooneunder17isadmittedwithoutanaccompanyingparentorguardian.)Director:EverardoGoutActors:AnadelaReguera,LevenRambin,SusieAbromeit,TenochHuertaPlot:TheannualPurge(清洗)ismeanttobeaone-night,anything-goesfree-for-alltoletoutyourdeepestanddarkestandviolentdesiresbutonegrouphasdecidedonenightisnotenoughandwantstoextendthePurgeforever.Minions:TheRiseofGruTheatricalReleaseDate:07/02/2021Language:EnglishGenre:Animation/AdventureMPAARating:PG(PARENTALGUIDANCESUGGESTED:Somematerialmaynotbesuitableforchildren)Director:KyleBalda,BradAbleson,JonathandelValActors:SteveCarell,LucyLawless,MichelleYeoh,Jean-ClaudeVanDammePlot:One12-year-old'sdreamtobecometheworld'sgreatestsupervillain(超级反派).PeterRabbit2:TheRunawayTheatricalReleaseDate:07/02/2021Language:EnglishGenre:Animation/AdventureMPAARating:PG(PARENTALGUIDANCESUGGESTED:Somematerialmaynotbesuitableforchildren)Director:WillGluckActors:MargotRobbic,JamesCorden,ElizabethDebicki,RoseByrmePlot:ThomasandBeaarenowmarriedandlivingwithPeterandhisrabbitfamily.BoredoflifeinthegardenPetergoestothebigcity,wherehemeetsshadycharactersandcreateschaosforthewholefamily.TheTomorrowWarTheatricalReleaseDate:07/02/2021Language:EnglishGenre:Action/Sci-FiMPAARating:PG-13(PARENTSSTRONGLYCAUTIONED:Somematerialmaybeinappropriateforchildrenunder13.)Director:ChrisMcKayActors:YvonneStrahovski,ChrisPratt,BettyGilpin,J.K.SimmonsPlot:Intheyear2051mankindislosingawaragainstaliens.Withlittlehope,alast,desperatemeasureistakentoemploypersonsfromthepasttosecureafuture.1.Whichfilmisleastrecommendedforachildof15?A.TheForeverPurge.B.Minions:TheRiseofGru.C.PeterRabbit2:TheRunaway.D.TheTomorrowWar.2.Whosefilmcanahighschoolstudentgoifheisafanofsciencefictions?A.EverardoGout's.B.KyleBalda's.C.ChrisMcKay's.D.WillGluck's.3.Whichofthefollowingdothefourfilmsshareincommon?A.Style.B.Theme.C.ProducingStudio.D.ReleaseDate.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四部电影上映时间，题材，导演，演员和情节等介绍。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一部电影“RESTRICTED:Nooneunder17isadmittedwithoutanaccompanyingparentorguardian.(限：17岁以下儿童在没有父母或监护人陪伴的状况下不得入内)”可知，TheForeverPurge这部电影明确表示17岁以下无家长陪伴不得入内，其他电影只表示儿童不宜，所以最不建议15岁孩子看的应当是第一部TheForeverPurge。故选A项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。题干有两个信息重点，中学生和对科幻电影感爱好。依据每个电影的“Genre(类型)”部分，第四则中ChrisMcKay导演的TheTomorrowWar的类型中包含“Sci-Fi”（科幻），Director:ChrisMcKay及Plot:Intheyear2051mankindislosingawaragainstaliens.Withlittlehope,alast,desperatemeasureistakentoemploypersonsfromthepasttosecureafuture.(2051年，人类正在输掉一场与外星人的斗争。由于希望渺茫，政府实行了最终的、不顾一切的措施，雇用来自过去的人来确保将来的成功。)，属于科幻。再结合“CAUTIONED:Somematerialmaybeinappropriateforchildrenunder13.(留意：有些情节可能不适合13岁以下的儿童)”可知，中学生大于13岁，所以对科幻感爱好的中学生可以看这部电影。故选C项。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据四则广告中TheatricalReleaseDate:…部分，四部电影的上映时间都是07/02/2021，放映时间相同。故选D项。BWhenTimemagazineselectedBanksyforitslistoftheworld's100mostinfluentialpeoplein2010,hefoundhimselfinthecompanyofBarackObama,SteveJobsandLadyGaga.Hesuppliedapictureofhimselfwithapaperbagoverhishead.Sincethe1990s,Banksyhasbeencreatinghisworksinstreetsaroundtheworld.Hissatirical(讽刺的)artpieces-mostofwhichareintheformofgraffiti(涂鸦)－havereceivedwidespreadattention.Despitehismanyyearsbeingactive,however,Banksyhaskepthisidentityasecret.ApersistentrumoristhatBanksyisthesingerRobertdelNajafromthemusicgroupMassiveAttack,butnoonehasbeenidentifiedsofar.Banksyisseenbymanyasananti-establishment(反权威的)forceintheartmarket.Eventhoughthereisaconsiderablenumberofartcollectorswhoarewillingtopayhighpricesforhiswork,heneversellshispaintingsinprivateartgalleries.In2024,GirlWithBalloon,oneofhismostfamousartworks,self-destructedinfrontofalargeaudience.TheartpiecehadfetchedS1.4millionatanauction(拍卖会)beforeitwasdestroyedpublicly(Banksyhimselfarrangedforittobedone).Banksysellsmostofhisworkthroughhisonlineshop.Thismethodofcommercehasworkedagainsthimascriticssayheisalsocommercializingant.Butinterestingly,thisonlineshopdoesnotworklikeanyothere-commerceplatform.Itwouldbemoresuitableifpeoplecalleditalottery(彩票)shop.InordertobuytheworksdesignedbyBanksy,buyershavetoanswerthequestion“Whydoesartmatter?”TheanswersarethenjudgedbycomedianAdamBloom,andonlythosewhoareconsideredworthyareawardedtheopportunitytobuyapiece.Theartistalsogivesawaythousandsofpaintingsforfree.Onhiswebsite,heprovideshigh-resolution(高辨别率的)imagesofhisworksthatcanbedownloadedforfree.4.WhydidBanksyprovideapictureofhimselfwithhisheadcoveredwithapaper?A.Hewastooshy.B.Timemagazineaskedhimto.C.ToshowhisrespectforTimemagazine.D.Toindicatehisuniquestyle.5.WhatdoweknowaboutBanksy?A.Heisanartistandsinger.B.Heonlysellshisworktoartists.C.Heiscreativebutbehavesdifferentlyfromothers.D.HewasangrywhenGirlWithBalloonwasdestroyed.6.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.7.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.LadyGagaandBanksyaregoodfriends.B.GraffitiisBanksy'sfavoritesatiricalartform.C.Privateartgalleriesdon'tbuyandsellartisticworksonline.D.CriticsofBanksythinkhisquestion“whydoesartmatter?”reasonable.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了当代艺术家Banksy，他的街头创作，神奇身份，独特的出售画作的方式和对艺术的见解。4题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“WhenTimemagazineselectedBanksyforitslistoftheworld's100mostinfluentialpeoplein2010,hefoundhimselfinthecompanyofBarackObama,SteveJobsandLadyGaga.Hesuppliedapictureofhimselfwithapaperbagoverhishead.”（当《时代》杂志评比Banksy为2010年全球100位最具影响力人物时，他发觉自己与BarackObama、SteveJobs和LadyGaga在一起。他供应了一张自己头上套着纸袋的照片。）以及其次段“Despitehismanyyearsbeingactive,however,Banksyhaskepthisidentityasecret.”（虽然这些年他很活跃，但是Banksy的身份始终是个隐私。）以及倒数其次段“Banksysellsmostofhisworkthroughhisonlineshop.”（Banksy的大部分作品都是通过网上商店出售的）可知，Banksy和其他时代名人一起被评为百大影响力人物时，他选择用纸袋罩住自己的头，这与他特立独行的艺术家身份相符，也与下文他的神奇身份和售画方式相呼应。故选D。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段“Banksyisseenbymanyasananti-establishment(反权威的)forceintheartmarket.Eventhoughthereisaconsiderablenumberofartcollectorswhoarewillingtopayhighpricesforhiswork,heneversellshispaintingsinprivateartgalleries.”（Banksy被很多人视为艺术品市场的反体制力气。即使有相当数量的艺术品保藏家情愿出高价购买他的作品，但是他的作品从来不在私人艺术馆售卖。）可知，他很有创建力，但行为却别出心裁。故选C。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段“Theartistalsogivesawaythousandsofpaintingsforfree.Onhiswebsite,heprovideshigh-resolution(高辨别率的)imagesofhisworksthatcanbedownloadedforfree.”（这位艺术家还免费赠送数千幅画作。在网上，他供应了他的作品的高辨别率图像，可以免费下载。），从最终一段also这个词可以看出来，作者在添加关于Bansky的额外信息，他不光赠送自己的一些艺术作品，同时也供应免费的艺术作品下载服务，即告知读者一些关于Bansky这个人的一些背景信息。故选C。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Hissatirical(讽刺的)artpieces-mostofwhichareintheformofgraffiti(涂鸦)－havereceivedwidespreadattention.”（他的讽刺艺术作品，其中大部分是涂鸦的形式，受到广泛的关注。）可知，涂鸦是Banksy最宠爱的讽刺艺术形式。故选B。CForgetsmartphonesandsmartglasses.Oneday,wemighthavesmarttattoos(纹身).ThecompanyNewDealDesigncameupwithanideaforaproductcalledUnderSkin.Thedevicewouldlooklikeapairoftattoosonyourpalmandthesideofyourthumb.Itwoulddrawpowerfromyourbody'senergy,andyoucoulduseittounlockdoors,monitoryourhealth,exchangeandstoreinformation,orevenexpressyourpersonality.UnderSkinisjustanidea-youcan'tgooutandgetone-butthetechnologyexiststomakeitwork.“Weassumeitisaboutfiveyearsfrombeingreal,"saysdesignerGadiAmit.WriterandtechnologyentrepreneurAmalGraffstraalreadyhaschip(芯片)calledaradio-frequency-identification(RFID)tagembedded(植入)inhishand.“Iusedittosharecontactdetailwithpeople,"hesays.Thechipisabouthesizeofagrainofriceandrespondstoradiosignalwithauniqueidentificationnumber.Ifacomputerizedtattooorembeddedtagisn'tcrazyenoughforyou,whataaboutabrainchip?ThecompanyIntelisworkingontechnologythatwouldletyoucontrolyourdevicewithyourmind.DeanPomerleaut,oneoftheresearchers,explains,"Weretryingtoproveyoucandointerestingthingswithbrainwaves.ImaginebeingabletosurftheWebwiththePowerofyourthoughts."Doyouthinkembeddedchipssoundcreepyorcool?Somedoctorsareconcernedaboutpeoplehurtingthemselveswhilegettingdevicesimplanted.Theyarguethatmedicalproceduresaremeanttocuresickpeople,andnottogivehealthypeoplespecialpowers.Othersworryabouthackingandprivacy.Couldsomeonehackinandstealyouridentity,orevenControlyourmind?Onamorephilosophicallevel,ifyouhaveacomputerinsideyourbody,areyoustillhuman?Orareyouacyborg(生化电子人)?8.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A.Topromoteatechnologyproduct.B.Tointroduceanewtechnology.C.Toexplaintheprinciplebehindatechnology.D.Toargueagainstanewtechnology.9.WhatisUnderSkinactually?A.Averythincomputer.B.Atattooedpartofyourskin.C.Asmallmedicalchip.D.Achipcontrollingyourmind.10.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“creepy"underlinedinthelastparagraph?A.difficultB.scaryC.impossibleD.worthless11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsembeddedchips?A.Supportive.B.Doubtful.C.Objective.D.Concerned.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲解并描述了一种新兴技术所延长的三种黑科技：一为纹身电脑，二为植入标签，三为脑内植入芯片。文章在慨叹这三种科技的高端的同时也引入了业界对于科技道德及平安性的反思。【8题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“Forgetsmartphonesandsmartglasses.Oneday,wemighthavesmarttattoos(纹身).ThecompanyNewDealDesigncameupwithanideaforaproductcalledUnderSkin.”（遗忘智能手机和智能眼镜吧。有一天，我们会运用智能纹身。一家名叫NewDealDesign的公司想出了一个产品的创意，叫做UnderSkin）以及下文的具体介绍可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了介绍一种新兴技术。故选B。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段“ThecompanyNewDealDesigncameupwithanideaforaproductcalledUnderSkin.Thedevicewouldlooklikeapairoftattoosonyourpalmandthesideofyourthumb.Itwoulddrawpowerfromyourbody'senergy,andyoucoulduseittounlockdoors,monitoryourhealth,exchangeandstoreinformation,orevenexpressyourpersonality.”（一家名叫NewDealDesign的公司想出了一个产品的创意，叫做UnderSkin。这个装置看起来就像你手掌和大拇指上的一对纹身。它会从你身体的能量中吸取能量，你可以用它来开门，监控你的健康状况，交換和存储信息，甚至表达你的特性）可知，UnderSkin应当是一种很小很薄的电脑。故选A。【10题详解】词句揣测题。依据下文“Somedoctorsareconcernedaboutpeoplehurtingthemselveswhilegettingdevicesimplanted.,Theyarguethatmedicalproceduresaremeanttocuresickpeople,andnottogivehealthypeoplespecialpowers.Othersworryabouthackingandprivacy.Couldsomeonehackinandstealyouridentity,orevenControlyourmind?”（一些医生担忧人们在植入设备时会受伤。他们认为医疗程序是为了治愈病人，而不是给健康的人特殊实力。其他人担忧黑客入侵和隐私——有人会入侵并窃取你的身份，甚至限制你的思想吗）可知，上文意思是你认为嵌入式芯片听起来是酷还是吓人的？所以creepy意为“吓人的”。故选B。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“Itwoulddrawpowerfromyourbody'senergy,andyoucoulduseittounlockdoors,monitoryourhealth,exchangeandstoreinformation,orevenexpressyourpersonality.”(它会从你身体的能量中吸取能量，你可以用它来开门，监控你的健康状况，交換和存储信息，甚至表达你的特性。)以及倒数第一段中“Doyouthinkembeddedchipssoundcreepyorcool?Somedoctorsareconcernedaboutpeoplehurtingthemselveswhilegettingdevicesimplanted.Theyarguethatmedicalproceduresaremeanttocuresickpeople,andnottogivehealthypeoplespecialpowers.Othersworryabouthackingandprivacy.Couldsomeonehackinandstealyouridentity,orevenControlyourmind?Onamorephilosophicallevel,ifyouhaveacomputerinsideyourbody,areyoustillhuman?Orareyouacyborg(生化电子人)?”(你认为嵌入式芯片听起来是酷还是吓人的?一些医生担忧人们在植入设备时会受伤。他们认为医疗程序是为了治愈病人，而不是给健康的人特殊的实力。其他人担忧黑客入侵和隐私一有人会入侵并窃取你的身份，甚至限制你的思想吗?从更哲学的角度来看，假如你体内有一台电脑，你还是人吗?或者你是生化电子人)由此可知作者从各个角度分析了体内植入一台电脑的好处，坏处等，因此可推断作者的看法是客观的，从实际动身的。故选CDWouldyouratherwatchanewmovieoranoldfavorite?Wouldyourathertryadishyouhaveneverhadatarestaurant,orstickwithsomethingyouknowyouwilllike?Researcherstudyingthe“mere-exposureeffect”havefoundthatweoftenpreferthefamiliaroverthenovel.In1968,socialpsychologistRobertZajoncpublishedabreakthroughpaperonthemere-exposureeffect.Hishypothesiswasthatsimplybeingexposedtoanobjectonarepeatedbasiswasenoughtomakepeoplelikethatthing.Totestthis,Zajonchadparticipantsreadwordsinaforeignlanguageoutloud.Hevariedhowoftentheyreadeachword(upto25repetitions),Next,participantswereaskedtodecidehowpositiveornegativethemeaningofeachwordwas.Zajoncfoundthatparticipantslikedthewordsthattheyhadsaidmoreoften,andthewordsthathadbeenread25stimeswereratedthehighest.Oneplacewherethemere-exposureeffectfrequentlyoccursisinadvertising.Thetheoryexplainswhyseeingthesameadvertisementmultipletimescanmakeitseemmoreconvincingtous.Ofcourse,thereisawarninghere:Themere-exposureeffectdoesnothappentothingswedislikeinthefirstplace.SinceZajonc'sinitialstudy,manyresearchershavestudiedthemere-exposureeffect.Theyhavefoundthatourlikingforavarietyofthings(includingpictures,sounds,foodsandsmells)canbeincreasedwithrepeatedexposure.Suggestingthatthemere-exposureeffectisnotlimitedtojustoneofoursenses.Severaltheoriesmayexplainwhytheeffecthappens.Oneoftheleadingtheoriesisthatmere-exposuremakesusfeellessuncertain.Accordingtothisidea,wetendtobecautiousaroundnewthings,sincetheycouldbedangeroustous.However,whenweseethesamethingoverandoverandnothingbadhappens,westarttorealizethatthereisnothingtobeafraidof.Additionally,mereexposureincreaseswhatpsychologistscall“perceptualfluency.”Theviewpointisbasedontheideathat,whenwehaveseensomethingbefore,itiseasierforustounderstandandinterpretit,whichputsusinapositivemood.12.WhattaskdidRobertsetfortheparticipants?A.Readingsomeforeignlanguagewords25timeseach.B.Distinguishingthemeaningsofsomeforeignwords.C.Pickingoutnegativewordstheydislikedreading.D.Expressingtheirfeelingsaboutsomewordstheyread.13.Whichofthefollowingagreeswiththemere-exposureeffect?A.Themoreoftenwehearourfavoritesong,themorewewilllikeit.B.Repetitionsmakepeoplelikethewordstheydislikeatfirst.C.Peoplealwayschangetheirfoodsforsomedifferentones.D.Personallikingsdecidethefrequencyofrepetition.14.Whatmayexplainthemere-exposureeffect?A.Repetitioncanreducedangerfromtheworld. B.Familiaritycanmakeusrelaxed.C.Repetitioncandecreaseperceptualfluency. D.Familiaritycanleadtomoreexposure.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheScienceofFamiliarity. B.TheNeedofMakingRepetitions.C.ThePowerofHypothesis. D.ThePrincipleofMere-exposureEffect.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了曝光效应，即一种我们会偏好自己熟识的事物心理现象。本文阐述了曝光效应的提出，应用以及原理。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“Totestthis,Zajonchadparticipantsreadwordsinaforeignlanguageoutloud.Hevariedhowoftentheyreadeachword(upto25repetitions),Next,participantswereaskedtodecidehowpositiveornegativethemeaningofeachwordwas.(为了测试这一点，Zajonc让参与者大声朗读外语单词。他变更了他们阅读每个单词的频率（最多重复25次）。接下来，参与者被要求确定每个单词的主动或消极含义)”可知，Robert给参与者设定了表达他们对所读单词的感受的任务。故选D。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中“Theyhavefoundthatourlikingforavarietyofthings(includingpictures,sounds,foodsandsmells)canbeincreasedwithrepeatedexposure.(他们发觉，我们对各种事物——包括图片、声音、食物和气味——的宠爱会随着反复接触而增加)”可知，A选项“我们越常常听到我们宠爱的歌，我们就会越宠爱它”与曝光效应相符。故选A。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中“However,whenweseethesamethingoverandoverandnothingbadhappens,westarttorealizethatthereisnothingtobeafraidof.(然而，当我们一次又一次地看到同样的事情，却没有什么不好的事情发生时，我们起先意识到没什么好胆怯 的)”可知，曝光效应让我们心理得到放松，故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段“Wouldyouratherwatchanewmovieoranoldfavorite?Wouldyourathertryadishyouhaveneverhadatarestaurant,orstickwithsomethingyouknowyouwilllike?Researcherstudyingthe“mere-exposureeffect”havefoundthatweoftenpreferthefamiliaroverthenovel.(你是想看一部新电影还是宠爱的旧电影?你是情愿尝试你在餐馆里从来没有吃过的菜，还是坚持吃你知道你会宠爱的菜？探讨“曝光效应”的探讨人员发觉，与新颖 相比，我们通常更宠爱熟识的东西)”结合本文介绍了曝光效应，即一种我们会偏好自己熟识的事物心理现象。本文阐述了曝光效应的提出，应用以及原理。可知，A选项“熟识的科学”最符合文章标题。故选A。其次节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能项入空自处的最佳器项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Literacy(读写实力)changesthehumanbrain.Theprocessoflearningtoreadchangesorbrain,butsodoeswhatweread,howwereadandonwhattopicweread.Thisisespeciallyimportantnowadays,whenmanypeopleareaddictedtoscreensatanygivenmoment.Wearestillintheearlystagesofunderstandingtheimpactofdigital-basedlearningonthedevelopmentofchildren'sreadingbrains.Transformingnewinformationintoknowledgeinthebrainrequiresmanyconnectionstoabstractreasoningskills.____16____Checkyourself.Doyouoftenreadthefirstlineofapageandzig-zagtothebottom?Orreadthefirstline,middlesectionandend?____17____Theconsequencesoftheselossesarefar-reaching,fromdecreasingsympathytocriticalanalysis.____18____Yettheythoughtthemselvesbetteronscreensbecausetheywere“faster”.Morethan80%ofcollegeeducatorsseea“shallowing”effectbyscreensontheirstudents'deeperunderstanding.Eventhree-year-oldsappearlessabletodealwithmoreabstractmaterialwhenlisteningtostoriesonscreensversusbooks.Thereasonsaremultiple,buttheyarenotbecausedeepreadingisimpossibleonascreen.Itissimplyharder,becausescreensareassociatedwithdistraction(分心)____19____.Thegreatchallengenowistolearnhowtousebothprintanddigitalmediumstotheirbestadvantageforall.____20____Whetherthebooksareneworold,ownedorborrowedfromthelibrary,doesn'tmatter.Whatmattersisthattheyarethere,andthatchildrenareencouragedtoreadthemfurthermore,books—notdigitaldevices—shouldbetheonlyreadingoptioninchildren'sbedrooms.A.Thatinturnleadstolesstimeallocatedtoabstractthought.B.Wemustensurethattherearealwaysbooksnexttochildren'sdigitaldevices.C.Traditionalbooksshouldhaveacentralplaceinreadingpractices.D.Andthoseconnectionsrequirethekindsoftimeandattentionoftenabsentindigitalreading.E.Digitalreadingcan'tcomparewithreadingbooksinprintinmanyaspects.F.Whatislostliesbetweenthelines:detailsinplot,thebeautyofanauthor'slanguage.G.Readers'comprehensionisdecliningwhentheyreadonscreensratherthanprint.【答案】16.D17.F18.G19.A20.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解并描述了好用电子产品读书会产生的影响。【16题详解】由上一句“Transformingnewinformationintoknowledgeinthebrainrequiresmanyconnectionstoabstractreasoningskills.(将新信息转化为大脑中学问须要很多与抽象推理技能的联系)”可知，上文讲到了相关“联系”在新信息转化为大脑中学问的作用，下文应当还会对“联系”进行进一步说明，D项中connections与前文connections相互照应，承接上文，D选项“而这些联系须要的时间和留意力往往在数字阅读中缺失。”切题。故选D项。【17题详解】由上两句“Doyouoftenreadthefirstlineofapageandzig-zagtothebottom?Orreadthefirstline,middlesectionandend?(你常常读一页的第一行，然后曲折地读究竟部吗？或者读第一行，中间部分和结尾)”和下一句“Theconsequencesoftheselossesarefar-reaching,fromdecreasingsympathytocriticalanalysis.(这些损失的后果是深远的，从削减怜悯到批判分析)”可知，本段主要讲读者常常跳着阅读，因此错过了很多中间行，造成了肯定的后果，初步推想空白处应当填写中间行缺失的是什么，F项中lost与后文的losses呼应，承接上下文，F选项“字里行间失去的是：情节的细微环节，作家语言的美。”切题。故选F项。【18题详解】由下三句“Yettheythoughtthemselvesbetteronscreensbecausetheywere“faster”.Morethan80%ofcollegeeducatorsseea“shallowing”effectbyscreensontheirstudents'deeperunderstanding.Eventhree-year-oldsappearlessabletodealwithmoreabstractmaterialwhenlisteningtostoriesonscreensversusbooks.(但他们认为自己在屏幕上阅读更好，因为他们“更快”。超过80%的高校教化工作者认为屏幕对学生更深层次的理解有“浅薄”的影响。与书本相比，即使是三岁的孩子在屏幕上听故事时，好像也不太能处理更抽象的材料)”可知，空白处位于段首，空白处后一句运用Yet开头，为转折，“因为很快他们认为自己在屏幕上阅读更好”，因此说明实际状况并非如此，段首句应为对实际状况的阐述，由超过80%的高校教化工作者所认为的可知，屏幕阅读使读者的理解力下降，承接下文，G选项“当读者在屏幕上阅读而不是在印刷品上阅读时，他们的理解力正在下降。”切题。故选G项。【19题详解】由上两句“Thereasonsaremultiple,buttheyarenotbecausedeepreadingisimpossibleonascreen.Itissimplyharder,becausescreensareassociatedwithdistraction(缘由是多方面的，但并不是因为在屏幕上不行能进行深度阅读。这更难，因为屏幕会分散留意力)”可知，空白处位于段尾，应当是一个总结或是一个推导结果，这一段是对上一段（抽象思维理解实力减弱）的缘由分析，提到抽象思维减弱的缘由，所以最终总结这些会导致安排给抽象思维的时间削减，承接上文，A选项“这反过来又导致了安排给抽象思想的时间更少。”切题。故选A项。【20题详解】由上一句“Thegreatchallengenowistolearnhowtousebothprintanddigitalmediumstotheirbestadvantageforall.(现在最大的挑战是学习如何运用印刷和数字媒体，使其对全部人都有最大的好处)”和下两句“Whetherthebooksareneworold,ownedorborrowedfromthelibrary,doesn'tmatter.Whatmattersisthattheyarethere,andthatchildrenareencouragedtoreadthemfurthermore,books—notdigitaldevices—shouldbetheonlyreadingoptioninchildren'sbedrooms.(无论这些书是新的还是旧的，是从图书馆借来的还是自己拥有的，都无关紧要。重要的是，它们在那里，孩子们被激励阅读它们；此外，书籍——而不是数字设备——应当是孩子们卧房里唯一的阅读选择)”可知，这里主要说明，我们必须要教化我们的孩子合理结合电子阅读和纸质阅读，在孩子的电子设备面前，我们必须要放上纸质的书，无论这个纸质的书是新的，旧的，借的还是自己拥有的，二者的有机结合最重要，承接上下文，B选项“我们必需确保儿童数字设备旁边总是有书籍。”切题。故选B项。第三部分语言学问运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）SkidRow(贫民区）.Theveryphraseforaplacewheredreamsgotodie.Childrenthere,inparticular,arealwayslivingin____21____anddesperation.____22____onecoupleisdeterminedtousetheirownexperiencewithlosstodevelopasenseof____23____forkids.In2012,Maryandherhusband,David,were____24____theirfirstchildwhenshemiscarried(流产）.Thecouplewereextremely____25____Buttheyrefusedtolettheirheartbreak____26____them.Onthedaywhichwouldhavebeentheirchild'sbirthday,suddenlyanideacrossedtheir____27____sincewecan'tthrowabirthdaypartyforourownchild,whynotdoitforthosechildreninSkidRow?Sothecouple____28____aroomintherooftop,andfilleditwithallthemakingsofagreatpartylikecakesandgifts.Manyofthefirst15kidswho____29____hadneverhadasinglebirthdaypartybefore,andtheyweresoexcitedtohaveonenow.Sincethen,thecouplehavethrownabirthdaypartyeachandeverymonth.Usuallyanhour_____30_____eachparty,volunteersarrivetosetupthedecorationsandactivities:facepainting,balloonartists,aDJ,cake,andpizza,tomakesuretherearemorethanenoughtogoaround.“Apartycannotchange_____31_____.Butwhatwearedoingistomakethesechildren'slifeas_____32_____aspossible.”asMarysharesonFacebook.“Weareontherooftop.Ifyoulookdown,it'snot_____33_____toseehomelesspersonafterhomelesspersononthestreet,anditremindsyouthesekidswon't_____34_____thisareaaftertheparty.However,forevenashortmoment,ifyoulookup,you'llfindtheskyissobeautiful,andyouareaboveeverything-youstillhavethechancetoliveanormallifeanddetermineyourownfuture.Ihopethesepartiescanbringsome_____35_____intheirlife.”21.A.aggression B.poverty C.demand D.restriction22.A.Instead B.Despite C.Moreover D.However23.A.hope B.reward C.reputation D.liberty24.A.raising B.adoring C.expecting D.educating25.A.disturbing B.disappointed C.stubborn D.violent26.A.decline B.break C.win D.accept27.A.sight B.head C.mind D.way28.A.takein B.takeoff C.takeover D.takeup29.A.showedup B.dressedup C.broughtup D.gaveup30.A.within B.beyond C.after D.before31.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything32.A.romantic B.merciful C.normal D.civil33.A.unusual B.unimaginable C.unlucky D.unhappy34.A.lead B.leave C.lose D.love35.A.honesty B.friendship C.health D.light【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.B27.C28.C29.A30.D31.D32.C33.A34.B35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲解并描述了一对失去孩子的夫妻为贫民窟孩子举办生日派对的事，真情实感，催人泪下，有肯定主动的启示意义。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：特殊是那里的儿童，总是生活在贫困和无望之中。A.aggression侵略；B.poverty贫困；C.demand需求；D.restriction拘束。文章开头就点明白是贫民区，这里的孩子生活在无望和贫困中，符合语境，故选B。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一对夫妇确定利用自己失去亲人的经验来帮助孩子获得希望。A.Instead反而；B.Despite尽管；C.Moreover此外；D.However然而。前文叙述了贫民窟的凄惨状况，这里转折，提到了这对夫妻想要做的事，故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.hope希望；B.reward酬劳；C.reputation名誉；D.liberty自由。依据上文“Childrenthere,inparticular,arealwayslivingin____1____anddesperation.”可知这对夫妻想要做的事实给孩子们希望，故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2012年，玛丽流产时，她和丈夫大卫正期盼着他们的第一个孩子。A.raising抚养；B.adoring宠爱；C.expecting期盼；D.educating教化。依据下文“whenshemiscarried(流产）”，可知孩子还没有诞生，所以应当是期盼着孩子的到来，故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇特别悲观。A.disturbing令人烦扰的；B.disappointed悲观的；C.stubborn固执的；D.violent暴力的。因为他们的孩子流产了，所以这对夫妻感到特别的悲观。和expect相呼应，故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们并没有让他们这次流产的心碎打垮自己。A.decline削减；B.break打破，破裂；C.win赢；D.accept接受。依据后文，他们快速的振作了起来，不能让心碎打垮自己更符合语境，故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析和固定搭配。句意：在他们孩子本该生日的那天，他们突然有了一个想法，既然我们不能为我们自己的孩子举办生日派对，为什么不为贫民窟的孩子举办呢?A.sight视力；B.head头；C.mind想法；D.way方式。anideacrosstheirmind是固定搭配，依据句意和语境，故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：所以，这对夫妇租了屋顶上的一个房间，并在里面装满了盛大派对的全部材料，比如蛋糕和礼物。A.takein吸取；B.takeoff起飞；C.takeover接管；D.takeup拿起。takeover意思是接管，限制，在本句中应当是他们租来一个房间，用作帮孩子庆祝生日的一个房间。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：第一批来的15个孩子中，有很多人以前从未举办过生日派对，现在他们很兴奋。A.showedup出现；B.dressedup装扮；C.broughtup哺育；D.gaveup放弃。依据下文的“hadneverhadasinglebirthdaypartybefore,andtheyweresoexcitedtohaveonenow.”可知以前他们没参与过生派对，现在来参与了，很兴奋，故选A。【30题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：通常在每一场派对起先前一小时，志愿者就会来布置装饰和活动。A.within在……之内；B.beyond超过；C.after在……之后；D.before在……之前。应当是在每次派对起先前1小时，就有志愿者来布置符合语境，故选D。【31题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：一个生日聚会不能变更一切。A.something一些事；B.anything任何事情；C.nothing没什么；D.everything一切。这里应当是一个部分否定，就是一个生日聚会不能变更全部的东西，也就是一个生日party只能变更部分东西，符合语境，故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们所做的是让这些孩子的生活尽可能正常。A.romantic浪漫的；B.merciful慈爱的；C.normal正常的；D.civil民事的。normal应当与最终一段倒数其次行的normal属于原词重现，就是对于这样一帮生活在贫民窟，居无定所的孩子而言，先是过上正常的生活，然后才是欢乐的生活，故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：假如你往下看，在街上随处可见一个又一个无家可归的人，这提示你这些孩子不会在派对结束后离开这里。A.unusual不寻常；B.unimaginable无法想象的；C.unlucky不幸的；D.unhappy不欢乐的。因为这个地方是在贫民窟，同时还是在rooftop，所以向下看，看到穷人等并不是不寻常的。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.lead引导；B.leave离开；C.lose失去；D.love宠爱。这些景象提示你这些孩子是贫民窟的孩子，在派对结束后，他们仍旧不会离开贫民窟。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望这些聚会能给他们的生活带来一些光亮。A.honesty诚恳；B.friendship友情；C.health健康；D.light光亮。这里的light和前文的hope相呼应，给孩子的生活带来光亮。故选D。其次节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，VictorHugo’snovelLesMiserablesisafictionthat