安徽省蚌埠市2025届高三英语上学期第二次教学质量检查考试试题含解析

PAGE25-安徽省蚌埠市2025届高三英语上学期其次次教学质量检查考试试题（含解析）本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。第Ⅰ卷1至8页，第Ⅱ卷9至10页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。考试结束，将答题卡交回。第Ⅰ卷留意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、学校、班级、准考证号及座位号填写在答题卡上规定的位置。2.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分；满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.15.C.£9.18.答案是B。1.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Watchamovie.B.Studywiththewoman.C.TurnofftheTV.2.Howoldisthewomannow?A.20yearsold.B.45yearsold.C.65yearsold.3.Whatissmallforthewoman?A.Thehat.B.Theskirt.C.TheT-shirt.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Thefilmisterrible.B.Thefilmcanbeseenonline.C.Thefilmisworththemoney.5.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Atahospital.C.Atadrugstore.其次节(共15小题，每小题1.5分；满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanlikeabouthishometown?A.It'sreallyverybig.B.Ithascolorfulnightlife.C.It'snotexpensivetolivethere.7.WhatistheweatherlikeinthefallinToronto?A.Wet.B.Cold.C.Sunny.听第7段材料，回答第89题。8.Whattimewastheplaneoriginallyscheduledtoleave?A.At3:00.B.At4:00.C.At5:00.9.Whyisthewomanworried?A.Theweatherisbad.B.Thereportisnotfinished.C.Anappointmentwillbedelayed.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whydoestheman'sbrothergototheman'splace?A.Totravel.B.Towork.C.Tostudy.11.Wheredoesthemanworkinthemorning?A.Atarestaurant.B.Atauniversity.C.Atabookstore.12.Whatlanguageisthewomanstarting?A.French.B.Spanish.C.Japanese.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whatjobtodointhefuture.B.Whichprofessortofollow.C.Whatabilitiestopossess.14.Whatsubjectdoesthemanprobablylike?A.Politics.B.Art.C.History.15.Whatdothewoman’sparentsexpecthertobe?A.Arestaurantmanager.B.Apolitician.C.Ateacher.16.Whatisthewomangoodatdoing?A.Dealingwithpeople.B.Workingwithkids.C.Paintingpictures.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowdidtheservantsdealwiththeirearningsinVictoriantimes?A.Theypaidforthehousing.B.Theyboughtfoodandclothes.C.Theysentthemtotheirfamilies.18.Whatwasanurse'smainduty?A.Cookingmeals.B.Lookingafterchildren.C.Educatingchildren.19.HowdidtheVictorianupperclassparentstreattheirchildrenactually?A.Cruelly.B.Kindly.C.Strictly.20.Whatwillthespeakertalkaboutnext?A.Lowerclassfamilies.B.Upperclasschildren’ssituation.C.Comparisonsbetweenupperandlowerclasses.其次部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2分；满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATimetomakeroomonthemust-readlistThisAtmosphereofLoveFranklinBassJr.authorhouse.comPaperback|E-book$12.95|$3.99ThisbooksharesFranklinBassJr.’spoetrycollectionfrom2008to2012thatspeaksabouthistruefeelingsandexperiencesoflove.TheMedusaEnigmaDinoPanvini,M.D.xlibris.comHardback|Paperback|E-book$29.99|$19.99|$3.99ThisbooktakesyoudeepinsidethecorruptionoftheUnitedStates’legalandmedicalsystems;andhowitledtotheauthor’snear-deathexperienceandvariousattemptsonhislife.ADeadlyHomecomingJaneBennettMunroiuniverse.comHardback|Paperback|E-book$23.99|$13.99|$3.99Whenhermotheraskshertolookintoafriend’sdisappearance,ToniDayheadstoherhometowntosolveacomplexmurdercasethatleavesherownlifehanginginthebalance.WorkHard,andDon’tGiveupIanAnttilatmbi.comPaperback|E-book$19.99|$3.99IanAnttila,whocontracted(感染)bloodpoisoninginsixthgrade,shareshisstoryofworkinghardtogetaneducationandsucceedinspiteofmedicalproblems.1.Whichbookisyourfavoriteifyouareapoetrylover?A.ThisAtmosphereofLove. B.TheMedusaEnigma.C.ADeadlyHomecoming. D.WorkHard,andDon’tGiveup.2.Whowritesthebookconcerninganinspiringsuccessstory?A.FranklinBassJr. B.DinoPanvini,M.D.C.JaneBennettMunro. D.IanAnttila.3.Howmuchwillyoupayifyoureadallthefourbooksonline?A.$15.96. B.$24.92. C.$50.92. D.$66.92.【答案】1.A2.D3.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四本必读书目及其相关信息。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据ThisAtmosphereofLove中ThisbooksharesFranklinBassJr.’spoetrycollectionfrom2008to2012thatspeaksabouthistruefeelingsandexperiencesoflove.这本书共享了FranklinBassJr.从2008年到2012年的诗集，讲解并描述了他对爱的真实感受和经验。可知假如你是个诗歌爱好者，你会喜爱ThisAtmosphereofLove这本书。故选A项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据WorkHard,andDon’tGiveup中IanAnttila,whocontracted(感染)bloodpoisoninginsixthgrade,shareshisstoryofworkinghardtogetaneducationandsucceedinspiteofmedicalproblems.IanAnttila在六年级时染上了血毒，他共享了自己不顾身体问题，努力学习，并获得胜利的故事。可知IanAnttila写了一本关于一个鼓舞人心的胜利故事的书。故选D项。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据ThisAtmosphereofLove中E-book$3.99，TheMedusaEnigma中E-book$3.99，ADeadlyHomecoming中E-book$3.99，WorkHard,andDon’tGiveup中E-book$3.99，$3.99*4=$15.96，可知假如你在网上读完这四本书，你要付15.96美元。故选A项。BAnewreportshowsthatmostAmericanfourthandeighthgradersdidnotdowellinmathandreadingtests.Thelatestso-called“Nation'sReportCard”waspublishedlastweek.Thereweresomeexceptions.StudentsinWashington,D.C.madeimportantgainsinbothreadingandmaththisyear,accordingtotheNationalAssessmentofEducationProgress.StudentsinthestateofMississippialsomademajorimprovementscomparedtoearlierreports.Nationally,however,America'seighthgradersarefallingbehindinmathandreading.And,mathscoresamongfourthgradersalsodecreased.Onlyalittlemorethanone-thirdofeighthgradersareproficientinreadingandmath.Aboutathirdoffourthgradersareproficientreaders.Over40percentareconsideredproficientinmath.U.S.EducationSecretaryBetsyDeVossaidtheoverallnationalresultsshowastudentachievementcrisis(危机).Shealsosaidtheproblemcannotbefixedbygivingmoremoneytopublicschools.Instead,shecalledforexpandedschoolchoice.Thisincludeshersuggestionsforgreaterdependenceonprivatelyrunschools.DeVossaidlastweekthatAmericanchildrencontinuetofallbehindstudentsofthesamegradeinothercountries.Butwitheducationfreedom,Americanstudentscancompete.ScottSargradiswiththeCenterforAmericanProgress.Hewritesabouteducationatthekindergartenthrough12thgradelevels,orK-12.HethinksDeVosiswrongandthat“moneymattersineducation.”ThefallingscoresarebecauseoflowerspendingoneducationfollowingtheGreatRecession(经济衰退)of2008.4.WhatdoesthelatestNation'sReportCardtellusaboutAmericanstudents?A.NoneoftheAmericanstudentsdowellinmath.B.Themajorityofeighthgradersarepooratreading.C.FourthgradersinMississippifallbehindthoseinotherstates.D.StudentsfromWashington,D.C.madenoimprovementsatall.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“proficient”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Poor. B.Skilled. C.Slow. D.Puzzled.6.WhydoesBetsyDeVosthinkthecrisisarises?A.Becauseofschools’poormanagement. B.Becauseofalackofmoneyineducation.C.Becauseoflimitededucationalfreedom. D.Becauseofstudents’dependenceonschools.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.K-12isaneducationalinstitute.B.ScottSargradisinfavorofDeVos’ideas.C.Spendingmoremoneyoneducationisthesolution.D.ManyeducationalproblemsledtotheGreatRecession.【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项新报告表明，美国大多数上四年级和八年级的学生，在数学考试和阅读考试中都表现得不好。大城市学校的表现仍低于全国总体水平，但差距已经比以前小了。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段第一句“AnewreportshowsthatmostAmericanfourthandeighthgradersdidnotdowellinmathandreadingtests.(一项新报告表明，美国大多数上四年级和八年级学生，在数学考试和阅读考试中都表现得不好)”可知，最新的《国家报告卡》告知我们，美国大多数八年级学生不擅长阅读。故选B项。【5题详解】词义揣测题。其次段第一句提到“Nationally,however,America'seighthgradersarefallingbehindinmathandreading.(不过，在全国范围来看，美国八年级的学生在数学和阅读方面是落后的)”，由此可推知，划线词所在句“Onlyalittlemorethanone-thirdofeighthgradersareproficientinreadingandmath.”意为“八年级的学生中，只有比三分之一多一点儿的学生精通阅读和数学”，所以划线词“proficient”意为“精通的，娴熟的”，故选B项。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段第三句“Instead,shecalledforexpandedschoolchoice.(相反，德沃斯呼吁扩高校校的选择)”及第五段最终一句“Butwitheducationfreedom,Americanstudentscancompete.(但是有了教化自由之后，美国的学生竞争力也会很强)”可知，BetsyDeVos认为学生出现成果危机是由于被限制的教化自由。故选C项。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段最终两句HethinksDeVosiswrongandthat“moneymattersineducation.”ThefallingscoresarebecauseoflowerspendingoneducationfollowingtheGreatRecession(经济衰退)of2008.(他认为DeVos说的不对，认为“资金对于教化来说是至关重要的。”分数下降是因为2008年出现金融危机之后，教化方面的支出削减了)可知，在教化上投入资金是解决方法。故选C项。CColorado'sgrayspeak(山顶)rises14,278feetabovesealevel,highenoughthattreescan'tgrowtowardthetop,thoughthereareplentyofbushesandrocks.ItwasinthisunforgivingareathatBevWedelstedtwasunluckyenoughtohaveherleftkneebroken.ItwasAugust2024,andWedelstedt,56,wasonherwaybackdownthepathwiththreefriends.Astormwascoming,andtheywereanxioustogetoffthemountain.Whentheyapproachedarockydropofacoupleoffeet,Wedelstedtdecidedtojumpoverit.Shelandedonherleftleg.Thensheheardthesnap(咔嚓声).Everystepafterthatwasgreatpain.Beforelong,shehadtostop.Asonefriendrandowntogethelp,anumberofotherhikers,allstrangers,attemptedtohelpWedelstedtdownthenarrowpathbywalkingoneithersideofhertosupportherweight,butthatprovedslowanddangerous.Finally,onehiker,Matt,askedher,“Howdoyoufeelaboutafireman'scarry?”Beforesheknewit,hehadliftedheroverhisshoulder.“Now,I'mnottiny,”saysWedelstedt,aformercollegebasketballstar.Mattclearlycouldn'tcarryherallthewaydownbyhimself.Sosixhikersandoneofherfriendstookturnscarryingherwhileshetriedtomakelightofadifficultsituation.Threehoursandtworock–strewn(遍布)mileslater,thishumanconveyorbeltfinallymetthedoctors,whotookWedelstedttothehospital.Shehasmostlyrecoveredfromherhike,butWedelstedtknowsshe'llInevershakeonethingfromthatday:thememoryofthebandofstrangerswhocametoherrescue.“I'mstillinawe.”saysWedelstedt.8.WhathappenedtoWedelstedtwhileclimbingdownthemountain?A.Shewascaughtinaheavystorm. B.Sheinjuredherleftknee.C.Shewasblockedbyrocksandbushes. D.Shegotlostinthemountain.9.HowdidMatthelpWedelstedt?A.Bytakingherdirectlytothehospital. B.Bycallinginfiremen.C.Bycarryingherdownthemountain D.Bygivingherfirstaid.10.WhatisWedelstedt’sattitudetowardsthebandofstrangers?A.Respectful. B.Ambiguous. C.Sympathetic. D.Tolerant.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.NarrowPaths B.LifelongfriendshipC.DangerousHikes D.PeakPerformance【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了BevWedelstedt在下山途中受伤被一群生疏人帮助的经验。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段最终一句“ItwasinthisunforgivingareathatBevWedelstedtwasunluckyenoughtohaveherleftkneebroken.(正是在这种恶劣的地区，BevWedelstedt左膝不幸骨折)”及其次段最终一句“Shelandedonherleftleg.Thensheheardthesnap(咔嚓声).(她左腿着地。然后她听到了咔嚓声。)”可知，Wedelstedt在下山途中左膝盖受伤。故选B项。【9题详解】细微环节理解题，依据第四段前两句Finally,onehiker,Matt,askedher,“Howdoyoufeelaboutafireman'scarry?”Beforesheknewit,hehadliftedheroverhisshoulder.(后来，一个登山者Matt问她，“你觉得让一个消防员扛着你怎么样？”她还没反应过来，他已经将她举到自己的肩上)可知，Matt是扛着Wedelstedt下山的。故选C项。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中“she'llInevershakeonethingfromthatday:thememoryofthebandofstrangerswhocametoherrescue.(从那天起她将恒久无法遗忘一件事：一群生疏人救了她的记忆)”及“I'mstillinawe.(我仍旧心存敬畏)”可推知，Wedelstedt对一群生疏人的看法是敬畏的。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文并结合最终一段中“Wedelstedtknowsshe'llInevershakeonethingfromthatday:thememoryofthebandofstrangerswhocametoherrescue(Wedelstedt知道从那天起她将恒久无法遗忘一件事：一群生疏人救了她的记忆)”可知，文章主要讲解并描述了BevWedelstedt在下山途中受伤被一群生疏人帮助的经验，所以D项“巅峰救援活动”适合作文章标题。故选D项。DWhenyoudonatetoacharity,doyoueverwonderwhereyourmoneyisactuallygoing,andwhoit'shelping?Doyouworrythattheorganizationisn’taccuratelyreflectingyourvalues,orisn'ttotallytransparent?Anewapp,calledSparrow,promisestotaketheguessworkoutofgivingandensuredonorsmakeameaningfulinfluence.They'redoingthisbyallowingdonorstochooseaspecific“rule”andtieittotheirgiving.Forexample,youcansetitupsothateverytimeyoufillupyourgastank,asmallpartofthesalegoestoanenvironmentalnonprofitofyourchoice.Youcansetacaponyourdonationandchoosehowlongyouwanttheapptotrackit.And,theappdoesn'ttakeacutofyourdonation,meaningthateverydollaryougiveispassedthroughtothecharitiesyouwanttosupport.DanAriely,oneofthefounders,isaworld'sleadingexpertindecision-makingandanalyzing.He'sdevelopedappsandinventedcardgames.HewritesfortheWallStreetJournalandhasmademanyTEDtalks.CEOsofAmazon,AmericanExpress,McDonald'shaveArielyonspeeddial,hopingtopickhisbrainabouthumanbehaviorandwhatmotivatesconsumers.TouseSparrow,usersfirstsetup“givingrules”-choosingthingsyoudooreventshappeningintheworldandpairingthemwithanautomaticdonationtooneofthecompany'schosencollectionsofevidence-basedcharities.Then,asyougoaboutyourlife,someofyouractivitieswillcausetherulestofunctionandthedonationsareautomaticallytransferredtothenonprofitsfromyourbankaccount.NewYorkTimesbestsellingauthorA.J.Jacobssaid,“I'mahugefanandIhopeittakesoffandfloodsevidence-basedcharitieswithfunds.”AndArielysaid,“Bytakingevidence-basedapproachestobuildingtheevidence-basedmovement,Ibelievewecandoevenmoregood.12.Whatadvantagedoestheapphave?A.Itistransparentandeasytouse. B.Itmakesyourgivingmorepersonal.C.Ithelpstrackwhateverinterestsyou. D.Itsavesmoneyasyoufillyourgastank.13.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDanAriely?A.Optimistic. B.Careful. C.Intelligent. D.Modest.14.Whatshouldpeopledotousetheapp?A.Haveabankaccount. B.Applyforajobinacompany.C.Findoutenoughevidence. D.Getintouchwithcharities.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theprocedureofdonation. B.People’sattitudetogiving.C.Waystodonatethroughapps. D.DanAriely'snewinvention.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一款名为Sparrow的新应用程序承诺，将消退捐赠过程中的揣测，并确保捐赠者产生有意义的影响。该程序可以确保你捐出的每一块钱都会转给你想要支持的慈善机构。DanAriely开发了这款程序，介绍了Sparrow的运用方法和Ariely对程序的看法。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中Anewapp,calledSparrow,promisestotaketheguessworkoutofgivingandensuredonorsmakeameaningfulinfluence.They'redoingthisbyallowingdonorstochooseaspecific“rule”andtieittotheirgiving.可知一款名为Sparrow的新应用程序承诺，将消退捐赠过程中的揣测，并确保捐赠者产生有意义的影响。他们允许捐赠者选择一个特定的“规则”，并将其与他们的捐赠联系起来。以及后文And,theappdoesn'ttakeacutofyourdonation,meaningthateverydollaryougiveispassedthroughtothecharitiesyouwanttosupport.可知而且，这款应用不会从你的捐款中分一杯羹，也就是说，你捐出的每一块钱都会转给你想要支持的慈善机构。由此可推知，这个应用程序的优势在于它使你的捐赠更加私人化。故选B。【13题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段DanAriely,oneofthefounders,isaworld'sleadingexpertindecision-makingandanalyzing.He'sdevelopedappsandinventedcardgames.HewritesfortheWallStreetJournalandhasmademanyTEDtalks.CEOsofAmazon,AmericanExpress,McDonald'shaveArielyonspeeddial,hopingtopickhisbrainabouthumanbehaviorandwhatmotivatesconsumers.可知公司创始人之一DanAriely是世界领先的决策和分析专家。他开发了应用程序，独创了纸牌嬉戏。他为《华尔街日报》撰稿，并做过很多TED演讲。亚马逊、美国运通和麦当劳的首席执行官们都在拨通Ariely的电话，希望就人类行为和消费者动机向他请教。由此可推知，DanAriely很聪慧。故选C。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。依据倒数第三段中Then,asyougoaboutyourlife,someofyouractivitieswillcausetherulestofunctionandthedonationsareautomaticallytransferredtothenonprofitsfromyourbankaccount.可知然后，当你起先自己的生活时，你的一些活动会让规则生效，捐款会自动从你的银行账户转到非营利组织。由此可知，人们要有一个银行账户，才可以运用这个应用程序。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。依据其次段中Anewapp,calledSparrow,promisestotaketheguessworkoutofgivingandensuredonorsmakeameaningfulinfluence.可知一款名为Sparrow的新应用程序承诺，将消退捐赠过程中的揣测，并确保捐赠者产生有意义的影响。以及该程序可以确保你捐出的每一块钱都会转给你想要支持的慈善机构。DanAriely开发了这款程序，介绍了Sparrow的运用方法和Ariely对程序的看法。由此可知，这篇文章的主要内容是DanAriely的新独创。故选D。其次节(共5小题，每小题2分；满分10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beingeco-conscious(生态意识)doesn'thavetostressyououtorexpandyourbudget.Learnhowtobekindtotheearthwhilealsoenjoyinglife.Herearesomesmallbutsignificantstepsyoucantake.GoLEDwithyourlighting.Thereareseveralbenefitsofswitchingtoenergy-savinglightbulbs(灯泡).___16___Thoughtheupfrontcostmightbemorethantraditionalbulbs,theaveragesavingsonLEDbulbsis$75ayear.Plus,youwon'tbespendingnearlyasmuchtimechangingburnt--outbulbsasyouusedto:LEDbulbscanlastyearsorevendecades,dependingonthetypeyoubuy.___17___Onthosedayswhenyou'reoutofpatienceandlowontime,don'tblameyourselfifyouhavetousepaperplatesandcupsinsteadofyourdishwasher--especiallyifyou’rehostingalargecrowd.Afterall,Americanswastetoomuchofwatereveryyear.Generally,dishwashersarerequiredtodesigntousenomorethan5gallonsofwaterpercycleand307kwh/year.___18___Sointhispoint,usingrecyclablepaperplatescansavemore.Turnoffwaterwhenyouarenotusingit.Everydropdoescountwhenitcomestowaterusage.___19___Don'tignorethislittletime.Ifeveryonedoesinthisway,wecansavealotofwatereveryday.Thereisalsogreatlow-flowequipmentforshowersandtoilets.Butifyoudon'twanttochangethem,youcanjustswitchthemoffwhenyou'renotusingthem.___20___A.Don'talwaysusepaperplates.B.Oneofthemissavingmoney.C.Thisisagoodwaytosavewater.D.Don'tfeelguiltyaboutusingpaperplates.E.Besides,agooddishwashercansavemoreelectricity.F.Thatincludesthetwominutesyouspendbrushingyourteeth.G.That'sstillquitealotofwaterandenergytouseeveryday.【答案】16.B17.D18.G19.F20.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解并描述了我们怎样在享受生活的同时要善待地球，并提出一些小且有意义的方法。【16题详解】依据上文“Thereareseveralbenefitsofswitchingtoenergy-savinglightbulbs(灯泡).”和下文“Thoughtheupfrontcostmightbemorethantraditionalbulbs,theaveragesavingsonLEDbulbsis$75ayear.”可知上文提及节能灯泡的好处，下文提出LED灯泡平均每年节约75英镑，而B选项“其中一个就是省钱”，是对上文的举例说明。故选B项。【17题详解】依据下文“Onthosedayswhenyou'reoutofpatienceandlowontime,don'tblameyourselfifyouhavetousepaperplatesandcupsinsteadofyourdishwasher--especiallyifyou’rehostingalargecrowd.”可知在那些你没有耐性或时间不多的日子里，假如你不得不用纸盘子和杯子代替洗碗机，尤其是当你接待了一大群人的时候，不要自责，而D项“运用纸盘子不用有负罪感”与下文相呼应，下文是对D项的进一步说明说明。故选D项。【18题详解】依据上文“dishwashersarerequiredtodesigntousenomorethan5gallonsofwaterpercycleand307kwh/year”可知洗碗机实际要求每循环运用的水不超过5加仑，每年运用307千瓦时，而G项“每天会消耗大量的水和能源”与上文构成因果关系。故选G项。【19题详解】依据上文“Turnoffwaterwhenyouarenotusingit.Everydropdoescountwhenitcomestowaterusage.”可知此处提到节约用水，每一滴水都有价值，而F项“这也包括刷牙时的两分钟”是对上文节约用水的详细举例。故选F项。【20题详解】依据上文“Thereisalsogreatlow-flowequipmentforshowersandtoilets.Butifyoudon'twanttochangethem,youcanjustswitchthemoffwhenyou'renotusingthem.”可知文章告知人们还可以运用用于淋雨和厕所的低流量设备，如不想更换，可以在不运用时将它们关闭，而C项“这是节约用水的好方法”是对上文的总结。故选C项。第三部分英语学问运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分；满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myfatherisfunny,smart,hardworkingandloving.But___21___formostofmyteenyears,hedidn'tspeaktohis___22___.Ididn’tknowwhymyfatherwasso___23___withhim.Theyspentmanyfestivalsseatedatoppositeendsofthetable.Itwassimplysomethingweall___24___.WhenIwasnineteen,mydadhadaseriousdisease.Mymomandgrandmother___25___meupsoIcouldbetherewhenhewas___26___toabetterhospital.That___27___,whenapproachingmydad’sroom,wesawamanwithhisbacktowardus.Casually,mymom___28___howniceitwasforthedoctortocomebytoseemydadsoearly.Butsomething___29___struckme.Themanwasstandingquietlyandstill,buthewas___30___mydad’sbothhandsinhisown.Nottypicaldoctor___31___.Iknewimmediatelyitwasmyuncle.ButlittledidIknowI'dconstantly___32___thatmomentinthefollowingyearsandit’dbethe___33___ofsomethingtrulywonderful.Duringthosedays,myunclestayedwithus.Whenthinkingbackonthoseuncertaindays,I___34___twothings:beingscared,andmyunclebyourside.Thankfully,mydad___35___beautifully.Afterthat,heandhisbrotherbecameas___36___astheycouldbe.Itwaswonderfultowatchthembecomethebestoffriends.___37___,mydadevenwenttoworkformyuncle.The___38___onthatmorningalwaysflashesthroughmy___39___,remindingmeoftheimportanceof___40___andthatallthingsarepossiblewithlove.21.A.somehow B.instead C.anyway D.still22.A.uncle B.cousin C.father D.brother23.A.disappointed B.concerned C.angry D.strict24.A.accepted B.doubted C.declined D.approved25.A.cheered B.picked C.backed D.dressed26.A.submitted B.permitted C.led D.sent27.A.afternoon B.night C.morning D.noon28.A.explained B.remarked C.described D.admitted29.A.strange B.important C.vivid D.interesting30.A.holding B.examining C.shaking D.waving31.A.guidance B.advice C.behavior D.relationship32.A.meetwith B.reactto C.focuson D.reflecton33.A.beginning B.replacement C.meaning D.symbol34.A.miss B.remember C.obtain D.admire35.A.wentout B.cameback C.pulledthrough D.gotaway36.A.similar B.close C.considerate D.kind37A.Obviously B.Generally C.Luckily D.Eventually38.A.treatment B.argument C.scene D.response39.A.heart B.mind C.imagination D.sight40.A.honesty B.bravery C.generosity D.forgiveness【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.A25.B26.D27.C28.B29.A30.A31.C32.D33.A34.B35.C36.B37.D38.C39.B40.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了作者的父亲和作者的叔叔之间的关系从不和谐变得紧密起来，作者从中明白了宽恕和爱的重要性。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是不知为什么在我青少年时代的大部分时间里，他没有和他的兄弟说话。A.somehow以某种方式，不知为什么；B.instead反而，代替；C.anyway不管怎样；D.still仍旧。由本段第三句可知，“我”不知道为什么父亲对“他”如此生气，可推断出选择somehow合乎语意。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是不知为什么在我青少年时代的大部分时间里，他没有和他的兄弟说话。A.uncle叔叔，伯伯；B.cousin堂兄弟（妹），表兄弟（妹）；C.father父亲；D.brother兄弟。由第四段的第一句话可知，“他”是“我”的叔叔，即父亲的兄弟。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不知道为什么我的父亲对他如此生气。A.disappointed悲观的；B.concerned担忧的，忧虑的；C.angry生气的；D.strict严格的。父亲不和他说话，由此可知父亲对他很生气。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看起来我们全部人都接受这样的局面。A.accepted接受；B.doubted怀疑；C.declined拒绝；D.approved批准。很多年中他们在聚餐时分别坐在桌子的一端，这说明他们之间没有沟通的局面已经被“我们”接受。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲和祖母来接我，以便他被送往更好的医院时我可以在那里。A.cheered欢呼；B.picked采摘，选择；C.backed支持，后退；D.dressed穿衣服。妈妈和奶奶接“我”是为了“我”能刚好赶到父亲那里。picksbup：（通常指开车）接载。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲和祖母来接我，以便他被送往更好的医院时我可以在那里。A.submitted提交；B.permitted允许；C.led领导；D.sent发送，送。父亲得了重病被送往一家更好的医院。sendsbtoahosital：送某人去医院。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个早晨，当我走到我父亲的房间时，我们看到一个男人背对着我们。A.afternoon下午；B.night晚上；C.morning早上；D.noon中午。morning一词在最终一段中出现了，这是同词复现。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不经意间，我妈妈说医生这么早来看我爸爸真是太好了。A.explained说明；B.remarked评论；C.described描述；D.admitted承认。若医生比家属来的早，妈妈确定会就此评价一番，赞扬医生的做法。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是“我”突然产生了一种惊奇的感觉。A.strange惊奇的，生疏的；B.important重要的；C.vivid生动的；D.interesting好玩的。由but表示转折可知，“我”的感受很惊奇，选择strange合乎语境。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个人宁静地站着，但是他握住我父亲的双手。A.holding握住；B.examining检查；C.shaking摇摆；D.waving挥手。那个人纹丝不动，因此是在握着父亲的手。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不是典型的医生行为。A.guidance指导；B.advice建议；C.behavior行为；D.relationship关系。那个人纹丝不动握着父亲的手，这不是医生的做法。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是我几乎不知道在接下来的几年里我会不断地“反思”这一时刻，这将是真正美妙的事物的“起先”。A.meetwith会见；B.reactto对……做出回应；C.focuson集中留意力于……；D.reflecton对……反思。由“inthefollowingyears”可知，“我”在几年后依旧在反思回顾那个时刻。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我并没有意识到在接下来的几年里我会不断地反思这一时刻，这将是真正美妙的事情的起先。A.beginning起先；B.replacement替换；C.meaning含义；D.symbol符号。下文提到叔叔和我们在一起，这是父亲与叔叔关系起先变好的起先，即somethingtrulywonderful。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当回想那些不确定的日子时，我想起两件事：一是感到胆怯 ，二是叔叔在我们身边。A.miss惦念，错过；B.remember记住，想起；C.obtain获得；D.admire观赏。回想父亲住院的日子，“我”想起了两件事。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，我的父亲从病中康复了。A.wentout外出；B.cameback回来；C.pulledthrough渡过难关；D.gotaway离开，脱身。由thankfully可知，父亲渡过了难关，复原了健康。故选C。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，他和他的兄弟变得很密切。A.similar相像的；B.close密切的；C.considerate爱护的；D.kind亲切的。经过这次劫难，父亲感受到了叔叔的陪伴和关爱，因此父亲和叔叔的关系变得紧密了。故选B。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，我父亲甚至去为我叔叔工作。A.Obviously明显地；B.Generally一般地；C.Luckily幸运地；D.Eventually最终。他们之间的关系变好了，直至父亲想到为叔叔去工作，这说明二人的关系更近了一步，选择Eventually合乎语境，表示他们之间关系变更的过程。故选D。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天早晨的场景总是在我的脑海中闪耀，提示我宽恕的重要性，有爱一切都可以实现。A.treatment治疗；B.argument争辩；C.scene现场；D.response回应。“我”回想起的那天早晨的“一幕”即在医院时叔叔握着父亲的手。故选C。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天早晨的场景总是在我的脑海中闪耀，提示我宽恕的重要性，有爱一切都可以实现。A.heart心脏；B.mind头脑；C.imagination想象；D.sight视线。这一幕出现在“我”的脑海中，这是“我”的回忆。故选B。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天早晨场景总是在我的脑海中闪耀，提示我宽恕的重要性，有爱一切都可以实现。A.honesty诚恳；B.bravery英勇；C.generosity慷慨；D.forgiveness宽恕。叔叔服侍生病的父亲，然后父亲和叔叔的关系渐渐变好，从中“我”明白了宽恕和爱的重要性。故选D。第Ⅱ卷第三部分英语学问运用(共两节，满分45分)其次节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分；满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InAmerica,there'sonlyonewaytopronounce___41___letterZ:zee,ofcourse.However,headtoEngland,Ireland,oranyotherEnglish-speakingcountry,___42___you'llfindthatmostnativesrefertothesameletteraszed.Tounderstandthisdifference___43___pronunciation,youhavetolookattheoriginsoftheEnglishalphabet.Asyoucanimagine,theBritishzedisthe___44___(old)ofthetwopronunciations,andit___45___(date)allthewaybacktothe1400s.ThepronunciationcomesfromLatinandGreek，asbothancientlanguagesare___46___(similar)pronouncedaszeta.Whilezedhasanoriginthatmakeslogicalsense,thereasonwhyZispronouncedaszeeintheU.S.isabitmorepractical.Thispronunciation___47___firstappearedinThomasLye’sNewSpelling-bookin1677hasbeenchangedinordertoreflectthebee,cee,dee,ee,geepatternthattherestofthealphabetfollows.Inthe___48___(nineteen)century,thepronunciationreallytookoffwhenCharlesBradleewrotethefamousalphabetsongandincludedzeeinsteadofzed___49___(rhyme)withme.Sothereyouhaveit:Whenitcomesdowntoit,thereasonwhyZispronouncedaszeeinAmericaisnothingmorethan____50____(convenient).【答案】41.the42.and43.in44.older45.dates46.similarly47.that/which48.nineteenth49.torhyme50.convenience【解析】这是一篇说明文。说明Z字母发音的英美区分以及最终美国为什么发音为zee的理由。41题详解】考查冠词。句意：在美国，只有一种拼读字母Z的发音：zee。这里强调字母Z，起强调作用的表达，在名词前面要加上定冠词the。故填the。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：然而，去到英国，爱尔兰，或者其他讲英语的国家，那么你会发觉绝大多数本地人偏向于把Z字母拼读成zed。这里，祈使句+and+从句，and起连接作用，以引述后面的you’ll…句子。故填and。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：为了理解这种发音的区分，你须要英语字母的起源。这里“在哪方面的区