高中英语01Great scientists试题新人教必修5

专题01Greatscientists

悦读教材嗫题

FiveFaithsofNewton—"TheGreatestScientistInHistory”

”人类历史上最伟大的科学家”牛顿的五则信条

PatientlyThink

"IfIhavedonethepublicanyservice,itisduetomypatientthought.”

Wedon,tspendenoughtimepatientlythinking!AlbertEinsteinsaid,"It's

notthatVmsosmart,it'sjustthatIstaywithproblemslonger."Ifyouwould

justblockoutsometimedailyto"think",youcouldsolvemanyofyourproblems.

Youcouldevensolvesomeoftheworld'sproblems.

耐心思考

”我之所以能够为社会作出什么贡献，这都耍归功于耐心的思考。”

我们总是不愿拿出足够的时间耐心思考问题！艾尔伯特・爱因斯坦曾说

过：”我并不是天才，只是我比普通人思考问题的时间更长。”如果你能够每

天抽出一部分时间“思考”，你的很多问题都将得到解决，你甚至可以解决一

些全球性的问题。

LabortobeTactful

"Tactistheartofmakingapointwithoutmakinganenemy."Solomonsaid,"

Agentleanswerturnsawaywrath,butaharshwordstirsupanger."Wecanal1polish

uponourtact,ourdiplomacy,ourdiscretion,ourdelicacy,andourgracefulness.

Solomonwentontosay,'*Likeapplesofgoldinsettingsofsilverisawordspoken

5人力**个厢友冬令庭冬个他人?力堵inrightcircumstances,"labortobetactfulin

你u*出过》往你偏舌allyoudo.

机智处世

”机智是一门艺术，它不仅能使你表达自己的

看法，还不会使你树敌。”所罗门说过：”回答柔和,

使怒消退。言语暴戾，触动怒气。”通过机智圆滑的

处世之道，不论是我们的交际手腕、判断力、韧性，还是行为举止都将更加出色。所罗门还

说过：”一句话说得合宜，就如金苹果在银网子里，”时时处处机智处世。

BuildBridges

“Webuildtoomanywallsandnotenoughbridges.”

TonyRobbinssaid,"Thequalityofyourlifeisthequalityofyour

relationships."Thisiswhyyoumustspendyourtimebuildingbridgesinsteadof

walls.Whenwe"buildbridges”weareliterallybuildingabetterlife.Whenwe

buildwalls,wearestagnatingourowngrowth.JosephF.Newtonsaid,"Peopleare

lonelybecausetheybuildwallsinsteadofbridges.”

构建桥梁

”我们心中修葺了太多围墙，却鲜有沟通彼此的桥梁。”

托尼•罗宾斯说过："人际关系决定一个人的生活质量。"这

就是为什么你要花费时间来构建通往他人心墙内的桥梁，而不是围

墙。当我们构建了桥梁，我们也就创造了更加美好的生活。而当我

们只顾着搭建围墙时，我们自身的发展也就停滞不前了。约瑟

夫•F.•牛顿说："人们感到孤独，是因为他们在人与人之间筑了

墙，而不是搭了桥。"

ChaseafterKnowledge

*'IfIhaveseenfurtherthanothers,itisbystandingupontheshouldersof

giants.”

There*snoneedtorecreatethewheel.Tomakeprogress,allyoumustdoisto

buildonwhatothershavealreadydone.Commencebylearningwhatothersknow.When

youchaseafterknowledge,youstrategicallypositionyourselfontheshouldersof

giants;youarethenabletoseewhatotherscantsee.

追逐知识

"如果说我比别人看得更远，那是因为我站在

巨人的肩膀上。”

没必要自垒阵营，你只用在前人已有的基础上不

断进步就行。你可以从前人已知的开始入手，当你汲

取知识的时候，你是有战略性地站在巨人的肩膀上，

这样你能掌握他人不了解的知识。

PursueTruth

"Amanmayimaginethingsthatarefalse,buthecanonlyunderstandthingsthat

aretrue,forifthethingsbefalse,theapprehensionofthemisnotunderstanding."

Wemustpursue"truth!"There,sananonymousquotethatgoes,"Thetruthis

heavy,thereforefewcaretocarryit."Beoneofthosefewwhopursuetruthboth

dayandnight.BlaisePascalsaid,"Onceyoursoulhasbeenenlargedbytruth,it

canneverreturntoitsoriginalsize."

追求真理

"人类可能会猜测一些事情是错误的，但他只能够明白这些

事是真实存在的，却不明白它错在哪儿，这便是人们对真理的不

理解。"

我们必须追求真理！有这样一句谚语："真理沉重，因此少

有人承载它。"做一个每天都在追逐真理的人，布莱士•帕斯卡

（注：法国数学家）说："一旦你的灵魂被真理延伸，它绝不会

再回到最初的形态。"

莺墓❺至高蕈

高考试题一

体裁题材词数难度建议时间

说明文孩子玩耍与科学研究447★★★☆☆8'

（•浙江卷阅读理解C篇）Ascientistworkingatherlabbenchandasix-month-old

babyplayingwithhisfoodmightseemtohavelittleincommon.Afterall,thescientist

isengagedinseriousresearchtouncovertheverynatureofthephysicalworld,and

thebabyis,well,justplaying…right?Perhaps,butsomedevelopmental

psychologists（心理学家）havearguedthatthis"play"ismorelikeascientific

investigationthanonemightthink.

Takeacloserlookatthebabyplayingatthetable.Eachtimethebowlofrice

ispushedoverthetableedge,itfallstotheground—and,intheprocess,itbrings

outimportantevidenceabouthowphysicalobjectsinteract(相互作用):bowlsofrice

donotfloatinmid-air,butrequiresupporttoremainstable.Itislikelythatbabies

arenotbornknowingthisbasicfactoftheuniverse;noraretheyeverclearlytaught

it.Instead,babiesmayformanunderstandingofobjectsupportthroughrepeated

experimentsandthenbuildonthisknowledgetolearnevenmoreabouthowobjects

interact.Thoughtheirrangesandtoolsdiffer,thebaby'sinvestigationandthe

scientist'sexperimentappeartosharethesameaim(tolearnaboutthenaturalworld),

overallapproach(gatheringdirectevidencefromtheworld),andlogic(aremy

observationswhatIexpected?).

Somepsychologistssuggestthatyoungchildrenlearnaboutmorethanjustthe

physicalworldinthisway一thattheyinvestigatehumanpsychologyandtherulesof

languageusingsimilarmeans.Forexample,itmayonlybethroughrepeatedexperiments,

evidencegathering,andfinallyoverturningatheory,thatababywillcometoaccept

theideathatotherpeoplecanhavedifferentviewsanddesiresfromwhatheorshe

has,forexample,unlikethechild,Mommyactuallydoesn,tlikeDovechocolate.

Viewingchildhooddevelopmentasascientificinvestigationthrowslightonhow

childrenlearn,butitalsooffersaninspiringlookatscienceandscientists.Why

doyoungchildrenandscientistsseemtobesomuchalike?Psychologistshavesuggested

thatscienceasaneffort-thedesiretoexplore,explain,andunderstandourworld

—issimplysomethingthatcomesfromourbabyhood.Perhapsevolution(进化)provided

humanbabieswithcuriosityandanaturaldrivetoexplaintheirworlds,andadult

scientistssimplymakeuseofthesamedrivethatservedthemaschildren.Thesame

cognitive(认知的)systemsthatmakeyoungchildrenfeelgoodaboutfiguringsomething

outmayhavebeenadoptedbyadultscientists.Assomepsychologistsputit,"It

isnotthatchildrenarelittlescientistsbutthatscientistsarebigchildren.”

50.Accordingtosomedevelopmentalpsychologists,.

A.ababy,splayisnothingmorethanagame

B.scientificresearchintobabies'gamesispossible

C.thenatureofbabies'playhasbeenthoroughlyinvestigated

D.ababy'splayissomehowsimilartoascientistysexperiment

51.WelearnfromParagraph2that.

A.scientistsandbabiesseemtoobservetheworlddifferently

B.scientistsandbabiesofteninteractwitheachother

C.babiesarebornwiththeknowledgeofobjectsupport

D.babiesseemtocollectevidencejustasscientistsdo

52.Childrenmaylearntherulesoflanguageby.

A.exploringthephysicalworld

B.investigatinghumanpsychology

C.repeatingtheirownexperiments

D.observingtheirparents,behaviors

53.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.Theworldmaybemoreclearlyexplainedthroughchildren,splay.

B.Studyingbabies'playmayleadtoabetterunderstandingofscience.

C.Childrenmayhavegreaterabilitytofigureoutthingsthanscientists.

D.One'sdriveforscientificresearchmaybecomestrongerashegrows.

54.WhatistheauthorJstonewhenhediscussestheconnectionbetweenscientists,

researchandbabies,play?

A.Convincing.B.Confused.C.Confident.

D.Cautious.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了孩子的玩耍和科学家的研究有共同之

处。

50.D细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的butsomedevelopmentalpsychologists（心理学家）havearguedthat

this,rplay"ismorelikeascientificinvestigatiotithanonemightthink可知,心理学家觉得孩子的玩

耍和科学家的研究有些相似，故选D。

51.D推理判断题。根据文童第二段中的overall知proach（gatheringdirectevidencefromtheworkQ可知孩子

也会像科学家一样收集证据，故选D。

52.C细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的"Foritmayonlybethroughrepeated/enmenls）

evidencegathering,andfinallyoverturningatheory"可知，孩子可以通过

重复自己的实验来学习语言的规律，故选C。

53.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Viewingchildhooddevelopmentasa

scientificinvestigationthrowslightonhowchildrenlearn,butit

alsooffersaninspiringlookatscienceandscientists.”可知,

研究孩子可以让人们更好地了解科学，故选B。

54.D推理判断题。根据作者在文中的用词appearto、用may来弱化绝对性的

表达及通过引用其他人的观点Somepsychologistsuggestthat可知，作

者的语气是谨慎的。故选D。

【名师点睛】

阅读理解有时理解文章中的长难句是关键，理解不了这些句子就很难理解文章的大意。

下面我们分析一下这篇文章中的长句。

Forexample,itmayonlybethroughrepeatedexperiments,evidencegathering,and

finallyoverturningatheory,thatababywillcometoaccepttheideathatother

peoplecanhavedifferentviewsanddesiresfromwhatheorshehas,forexample,

unlikethechild,Mommyactuallydoesn,tlikeDovechocolate.例如，可能只是通过

反复实验，收集证据，并最终推翻一个理论，一个婴儿就会接受其他人可以和他/她持有不同

的意见和愿望这一观点。例如，和孩子不同，妈妈实际上并不喜欢德芙巧克力。

这句话使用了强调句，强调的是throughrepeatedexperiments,evidencegathering,

andfinallyoverturningatheory,这部分比较长，考生可能没有注意到这个句式。主干

部分中idea后面是that引导的同位语从句，that在从句中不作成分；from后面的whatheor

shehas是宾语从句，what在从句中作has的宾语。

高考试题二

体裁题材词数难度建议时间

应用文四名杰出的女性以及她们对社会275★★☆☆☆5'

所做出的贡献

(•新课标全国卷I)YouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothave

heardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwas

themostimportantwomanofthepast100years?

JaneAddams(1860-1935)

AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addams

helpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社区)by

creatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,

AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.

RachelCarson(1907-1964)

Ifitweren,tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.

Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessoftheclangersofpollutionand

theharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld,slakesandoceans.

SandraDayO'Connor(1930-present)

WhenSandraDayO'ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,

in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.Shebecame

anArizonastatesenator(参议员)and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU.S.Supreme

Court.O'Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24years

onthetopcourt.

RosaParks(1913-2005)

OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RosaParkswouldnotgiveupher

seatonabustoawhitepassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.Butit

alsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkicked

offthecivil-rightsmovement."TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,〃said

Parks.

1.WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?

A.Hersocialwork.

B.Ilerteachingskills.

C.Hereffortstowinaprize.

D.Hercommunitybackground.

2.WhatwasthereasonforO'Connor?sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?

A.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.

B.Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.

C.Thediscriminationagainstwomen.

D.Thepoorfinancialconditions.

3.Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil-rightsmovementintheU.S.?

A.JaneAddams.B.RachelCarson.

C.SandraDayO'Connor.D.RosaParks.

4.Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext?

A.Theyarehighlyeducated.B.Theyaretruly

creative.

C.Theyarepioneers.D.Theyarepeace-lovers.

【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了在过去的一百里四名杰出的女性以及她们对社会所做

出的贡献与影响。

1.A【解析】考查细节理解。根据JaneAddams。8604935)部分的"Anyoneirfrohaseverbeenhe^)edbyasocial

woikerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshe^)edthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasen^eof

community社区阿creatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed”可知,Jane

Addams因她的社会福利工作而出名。故选A。

2.C【解析】考查细节理解。根据SandraDayO'Comior(1930-present店B分的“WhenSandraD野O'Ccnnor

finishedthirdinherclassalStanfordLawSchoolin1952,shecouldnotfindworkatahwfilmbecause

shewasawoman，可知，她不能在律师事务所工作的原因是女性会受到性别歧视。故选C,

3.D【解析】考查细节理解。根据RosaParks(1913-2OO5)gB分的"Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoff

thecivil-rightsmovemetif可知，她的举动最终推动了民权运动。故选D。

4.C【解析】考查推理判断。JaneAddams是社会福利工作的带头人;RachelCarsou是环境运动的发起

者;SandraDayO'Connor是反对性别歧视的领头人WsaParks是民权运动的推动者。由此可见遨四位女

性都是先驱者,故选C。

高考试题三

体裁题材词数难度建议时间

议论文不为人知的科学家358★★★☆☆T

(,江苏卷阅读理解A篇)Weknowthefamousones一theThomasEdisonsandthe

AlexanderGrahamBells—butwhataboutthelessfamousinventors?Whataboutthe

peoplewhoinventedthetrafficlightandthewindshieldwiper(雨舌ij器)？Shouldn,t

weknowwhotheyare?

JoanMcLeanthinksso.Infact,McLean,aprofessorofphysicsatMountain

UniversityinRange,feelssostronglyaboutthismatterthatshe'sdevelopedacourse

onthetopic.Inadditiontolearning〃who〃invented〃what〃，however,McLeanalso

likesherstudentstolearntheanswerstothe〃why〃and〃how〃questions.According

toMcLean,“Whenstudentslearntheanswerstothesequestions,theyarebetter

preparedtorecognizeopportunitiesforinventingandmoremotivatedtogiveinventing

atry.”

Herstudentsagree.Oneyoungmanwithapatentforanunbreakableumbrellais

walkingproofofMcLean'sstatement."If1hadnotheardthestoryofthewindshield

wiper'sinvention,/zsaidTommyLee,aseniorphysicsmajor,〃Ineverwouldhave

dreamedofturningmybadexperienceduringarainstormintosomethingso

constructive.Leeiscurrentlynegotiatingtosellhispatenttoanumbrella

producer.

So,justwhatisthestorybehindthewindshieldwiper?Well,MaryAndersoncame

upwiththeideain1902afteravisittoNewYorkCity.Thedaywascoldandstormy,

butAndersonstillwantedtoseethesights,soshejumpedaboardastreetcar.Noticing

thatthedriverwasstrugglingtoseethroughthesnowcoveringthewindshield,she

foundherselfwonderingwhytherecouldn'tbeabuilt-indeviceforcleaningthe

window.StillwonderingaboutthiswhenshereturnedhometoBirmingham,Alabama,

Andersonstarteddraftingoutsolutions.Oneofherideas,alever（操作杆）onthe

insideofavehiclethatwouldcontrolanarmontheoutside,becamethefirst

windshieldwiper.

Todaywebenefitfromcountlessinventionsandinnovations.It'shardtoimagine

drivingwithoutGarrettA.Morganystrafficlight.It'sequallyimpossibleto

pictureaworldwithoutKatherineJ.BlodgettJsinnovationthatmakesglassinvisible.

Canyoupicturelifewithoutclearwindowsandeyeglasses?

56.Bymentioning〃trafficlight"and"windshieldwiper”,theauthorindicatesthat

countlessinventionsare.

A.beneficial,becausetheirinventorsarefamous

B.beneficial,thoughtheirinventorsarelessfamous

C.notuseful,becausetheirinventorsarelessfamous

D.notuseful,thoughtheirinventorsarefamous

57.ProfessorJoanMcLeanJscourseaimsto.

A.addcolourandvarietytostudents,campuslife

B.informstudentsofthewindshieldwiperJsinvention

59.Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthispassage?

A.HowtoHelpStudentstoSellTheirInventionstoProducers?

B.HowtoDesignaBuilt-inDeviceforCleaningtheWindow?

C.Shouldn,tWeKnowWhoInventedtheWindshieldWiper?

D.Shouldn,tWeDevelopInventionCoursesinUniversities?

【文章大意】本文主要讲述了我们不仅要记住像交通灯和雨刮器这样的发明，也要记住

发明这些东西的科学家或个人。

56.B推理判断题。根据文中所举的事例和最后一段可知，作者提到像交通灯和雨刮器这样的发明是想

告诉我们，这些发明的发明者虽然不是很有名，但是这些发明对我们的生活是非常有益的，因此选

择B项°

57.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段的最后一句"Whenstudentsleamtheanswerstothesequestions,theyare

betterpreparedtorecognizeopportunitiesforinventingandmoremotivatedtogiveinventingatry,“可

知，ProfilerJoanMcLean的课程的目的是帮助学生去自己发明、创造，因此D项正确。

58.B细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知TommyLee发明unbreakableumbrella是受到了发明雨刮器背

后的故事的激励，因此选择B项。

59.C标题归纳题。通读全文可知本文不是关于如何帮助学生销售他们的发明的，也不是关于如何设计一

种装置来清洁窗户的，在大学里开设有关发明的课程只是用来说明我们应如何对待生活中的小发

明：我们应把握发明的契机、去创造。故C项最适合作为文章的标题。

【试题分析】

本文讲述的是与发明有关的文章，我们不仅要记住像交通灯和雨刮器这样的发明，也要记住

发明这些东西的科学家或个人，不管他们是不是著名。从题目设置来说，标题归纳题、细节

理解题、推理判断题在本试题中都有出现，词义猜测题、观点态度题、写作目的题并未在此

试题中有所体现。

高考试题四

体裁题材词数难度建议时间

人物传记居里夫人的女儿艾琳•居里269★★☆☆☆6'

（,陕西卷阅读理解B篇）MostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomanto

wintheNobelPrize,andthefirstpersontowinittwice.However,fewpeopleknow

thatshewasalsothemotherofaNobelPrizewinner.

BorninSeptember,1897,IreneCuriewasthefirstoftheCuries'twodaughters.

Alongwithniceotherchildrenwhoseparentswerealsofamousscholars,Irenestudied

intheirownschool,andhermotherwasoneoftheteachers.Shefinishedherhigh

schooleducationattheCollegeofSevigneinParis.

IreneenteredtheUniversityofParisin1914toprepareforadegreein

mathematicsandphysics.WhenWorldWarIbegan,Irenewenttohelphermother,who

wasusingX-rayfacilities（设备）tohelpsavethelivesofwoundedsoldiers.Irene

continuedtheworkbydevelopingX-rayfacilitiesinmilitaryhospitalsinFrance

andBelgium.IlerserviceswererecognisedintheformofaMilitaryMedalbytheFrench

government.

In1918,Irenebecamehermother?sassistantattheCurieInstitute.InDecember

1924,FredericJoliotjoinedtheInstitute,andIrenetaughthimthetechniques

requiredforhiswork.Theysoonfellinloveandweremarriedin1926.Theirdaughter

Helenewasbornin1927andtheirsonPierrefiveyearslater.

Likehermother,Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.Likehermother,Irenewas

awardedaNobelPrize,alongwithherhusband,in1935.Unfortunately,alsolikeher

mother,shedevelopedleukemiabecauseofherworkwithradioactivity（辐射能）.Irene

Joliot-CuriediedfromleukemiaonMarch17,1956.

49.WhywasIreneCurieawardedaMilitaryMedal?

A.Becauseshereceivedadegreeinmathematics.

B.Becauseshecontributedtosavingthewounded.

C.BecauseshewontheNobelPrizewithFrederic.

D.Becausesheworkedasahelpertohermother.

50.WheredidIreneCuriemeetherhusbandFredericJoliot?

A.AttheCurieInstitute.B.AttheUniversityof

Paris.

C.Atamilitaryhospital.D.AttheCollegeof

Sevigne.

51.WhenwasthesecondchildofIreneCurieandFredericJoliotborn?

A.In1932.B.In1927.C.In1897.D.In

1926.

52.InwhichofthefollowingaspectswasIreneCuriedifferentfromhermother?

A.Ireneworkedwithradioactivity.B.Irenecombinedfamily

andcareer.

C.IrenewontheNobelPrizeonce.D.Irenediedfrom

leukemia.

【文章大意】本文主要介绍了居里夫人的女儿艾琳•居里的故事。

49.B细节理解题。根据第三段后三句可知，居里夫人的女儿艾琳•居里之所以获得军人奖章是因为她在

救治伤员方面作出了很多贡献。

50.A细节理解题。根据第四段前三句可知，艾琳•居里是在居里研究所遇到后来成为她丈夫的弗雷德里

克・约里奥。

51.A推理计算题。根据第四段最后一句可知，他们的第一个孩子出生于1927年，第二个孩子是五年后

出生的，也就是1932年出生的。

52.C细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，艾琳•居里与自己的母亲

有很多相似之处，唯一不同的就是，她只获得一次诺贝尔奖，而母亲获

得过两次。

【试题分析】

陕西卷英语试题阅读部分难度比较适中。本篇材料属于人物传记，对于这类材料

大家并不陌生。做题时，要注意把握人物的主要成就、主要事迹。

悦掰I典型模拟

I.阅读理解

A(湖南省衡阳市第八中学高三模拟)

In1905,aspartofhisSpecialTheoryofRelativity,AlbertEinsteinpublished

thepointthatalargeamountofenergycouldbereleasedfromasmallamountofmatter.

ThiswasexpressedbyequationE=me2(energy=masstimesthespeedoflightsquared).

ButbombswerenotwhatEinsteinhadinmindwhenhepublishedthisequation.

In1929,hepubliclydeclaredthatifawarbrokeouthewould“refusedtodowar

service,directorindirect…"Hispositionwouldchangein1933,astheresultof

AdolfHitler'scomingintopowerinGermany.

Einstein'sgreatestroleintheinventionoftheatomicbombwassigningaletter

toPresidentFranklinRoosevelturgingthatthebombbebuiltbecausesomephysicists

fearedthatGermanymightbeworkingonanatomicbomb.Amongthoseconcernedwere

physicistsLeoSzilardandEugeneWigner.ButSzilardandWignerhadnoinfluence

withthoseinpower.SoinJuly1939theyexplainedtheproblemtosomeonewhodid:

AlbertEinstein.AftertalkingwithEinstein,inAugust1939Szilardwrotealetter

toPresidentRooseveltwithEinstein'ssignatureonit,whichwasdeliveredto

RooseveltinOctober1939.

GermanyhasinvadedPolandthepreviousmonth;thetimewasripeforaction.That

Octoberresearchofa-bombbeganbutproceededslowlybecausetheinventionofthe

atomicbombseemeddistantandunlikely.InApril1940anEinsteinletter,

ghost-writtenbySzilard,pressedtheresearchersontheneedforugreaterspeed,,.

Astherealizationofnuclearweaponsgrewnear,Einsteinlookedbeyondthe

currentwartofutureproblemsthatsuchweaponscouldbring.Hewrotetohisfriend

abouthisfearaboutthefutureuseofthea-bomb.

TheatomicbombingsofJapanoccurredthreemonthsafterGermanygavein.

InNovember1954,fivemonthsbeforehisdeath,Einsteinsummarizedhisfeelings

abouthisroleinthecreationoftheatomicbomb:"Imadeonegreatmistakeinmy

life***whenIsignedalettertoPresidentRooseveltrecommendingthatatombombs

bemade;buttherewassomejustification----thedangerthattheGermanswouldmake

them”.

1.WhatcanwelearnaboutSzilardandWigner?

A.TheywerenotasinfluentialasEinstein.

B.Theywereresponsiblefortheinventionofnuclearweapons

C.TheyhadcheatedtheirfriendAlbertEinstein.

D.Theyhadanintentiontodestroytheworld.

2.WecanconcludethatEinstein.

A.wasimportantinthedevelopmentofatomicbomb

B.wasnotinvolvedintheinventionofatomicbomb

C.directlyparticipatedintheinventionoftheatomicbomb

D.helpedwiththeinventionofatomicbomb

3.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe.

A.AStoryofAlbertEinstein

B.AlbertEinsteinandtheAtomicBomb

C.ItwasUnfairforEinstein

D.HowtheAtomicBombwasInvented

B（湖南省高二学业水平模拟（一））

RoaldDahlwasoneofthemostsuccessfulwritersofchildren,sbooks.Hesold

millionsofbooksallovertheworld.Manyofhisbookshavebeenmadeintofilms

andvideos.HeissofamousthatthereisevenaRoaldDahlMuseumyoucanvisit.

RoaldDahlwasbornin1916inWales,Britain.Uisfatherwasrichbuthedied

whenRoaldwasveryyoung.Roaldandhismotherlivedahardlife.Hehadtoleave

schoolandwenttoAfricawhereheworkedforanoilcompany.

In1939Roaldbecameapilot,buthehadabadaccident.Itmadehimlimp（痛

的）fortherestofhislife.Afterthis,RoaldwenttoAmericawherehewroteastory

abouthisexperienceasapilot.Itwassogoodthatitwasputinamagazine.

RoaldmarriedanAmericanfilmstar.TheyboughtahouseinEnglandandhadfive

children.From1960to1965,▲:Theo,oneofhischildren,washitbyataxiand

wasseriouslyhurt.Olivia,oneofRoald,sdaughters,diedofastrangeillness.

Soonafterthis,hiswifealsohadaseriousillness.Ittookheryearstoget

completelybetter.

GraduallyRoaldbecamemoreandmoresuccessful.Healwaysdidhiswritingin

anoldshed(棚)atthebackofhishouse.Healwayssatinthesameoldarmchairwith

awoodenboardonhislap.

“Oneofthenicethingsaboutbeingawriter,“heoncesaid,“isthatallyou

neediswhatyou'vegotinyourheadandapencilandabitofpaper.”

In1983RoaldwonabigprizeforhisbookTheBFG.Duringhislife,Roaldwrote

manyfamousbooks,suchasCharli