高考英语模拟卷试卷及答案(五)

高考模拟卷(六)第一部分听力(略)第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21.AsanAmericanlivinginTianjinforabout10years，ChrissaysthatithasbeenatobeawitnesstoChina’sgreatprogress.A.privilege B.preferenceC.priority D.principle答案A解析考查名词辨析。句意为：作为一个在天津生活了大约10年的美国人，克里斯说，能够见证中国的巨大进步是一种荣幸。privilege荣幸；preference偏爱；priority优先；principle原则。故A选项正确。22.Throughoutitsearlyyears，whatwenowcallhiphopwithoutevenhavinganame.A.evolved B.isevolvedC.hadevolved D.evolves答案A解析考查动词的时态。句意为：在它的早期，我们现在所称的嘻哈音乐甚至都没有名字。根据throughoutitsearlyyears可知，空处应用过去式，所以用evolved。故A项正确。23.ScarcelymyselfcomfortableandclosedmyeyeswhenIheardthesoundofthealarm.A.Igot B.IhadgotC.didIget D.hadIgot答案D解析句意为：我刚让自己舒服些，闭上眼睛，就听到了警报响起的声音。scarcely...when...是固定句型，意为“一……就……，刚刚……就……”。在该句型中，主句的谓语动词应用过去完成时，而从句谓语动词应用一般过去时；且scarcely位于句首时，主句要部分倒装，而when引导的从句不倒装。24.Therelationshipbetweenemployersandemployeeshasbeenstudied.A.originally B.extremelyC.violently D.intensively答案D解析originally最初地，原始地，独创地；extremely极端地，激进地；violently猛烈地，激烈地；intensively加强地，集中地，深入细致地。句意为：雇主和雇员之间的关系已经被深入细致地研究过了。故选D。25.Peoplespendhalftheirtimedreamingofgettingrich，andtherestoftheirtimethinkingaboutallthethingstheyiftheygotrich.A.willdo B.didC.do D.woulddo答案D解析考查虚拟语气。本句是指人们总是在梦想如果他们发财之后，他们会做什么。根据前句内容“Peoplespendhalftheirtimedreamingofgettingrich”可知叙述将来发生的事情，表示对将来的虚拟，主句用would/should/could/mightdo。故D项正确。26.AChineseproverbhasitthat“Atowerisbuiltwhensoilonearth，andariverisformedwhenstreamscometogether.”A.accumulates B.acceleratesC.collapses D.loosens答案A解析考查动词辨析。句意为：中国有句谚语，“积土成塔，聚水成河。”accumulate积累；accelerate加速；collapse倒塌；loosen使变松。由“andariverisformedwhenstreamscometogether”可知，前后两个句子为并列关系。所以accumulate“积累”符合句意。故A选项正确。27.—Thatwasratheratoughquestion.Howdidyougetitright?—Totellthetruth，Ijust.A.burntthemidnightoilB.waslefttosinkorswimC.playeditsafeD.tookashotinthedark答案D解析考查习语辨析。句意为：——那个问题是相当难的。你是怎么答对的？——说实话，我只是瞎猜的。burnthemidnightoil开夜车；belefttosinkorswim孤注一掷；playitsafe谨慎行事；takeashotinthedark瞎猜。由句意知D项符合语境。28.—IhavetogonowbecauseImustbeforclass.—Whatapity!Seeyou!A.modest B.punctualC.desperate D.adequate答案B解析考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：——我现在不得不走了，因为我必须准时去上课。——真遗憾！再见！modest谦虚的；punctual准时的；desperate绝望的；adequate充足的，充分的。根据句意可知应选B。29.Itissaidthattheonlysurvivorinthecarcrashwasbadlyinjured.However，somehowthedoctorsmanagedtohelphim.A.pullthrough B.putthroughC.lookthrough D.breakthrough答案A解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：据说车祸中唯一的生还者受了重伤。然而，医生们还是成功地帮他康复了。pullthrough(大病后)康复；putthrough为……接通电话；lookthrough逐一查看，浏览；breakthrough突破。根据前面的“车祸中唯一的生还者受了重伤”可推知，是重伤后的康复，故选A。30.relatedindustries，BeijingwillalsocommittopromotingtheIntelligentConnectedVehicle(ICV)industry，whosefuturemarketishuge.A.Invirtueof B.IntermsofC.Ontopof D.Onbehalfof答案C解析考查介词短语辨析。invirtueof通过，由于；intermsof就……而言；ontopof除……之外；onbehalfof代表。句意为：除了相关产业外，北京还将致力于推动未来市场巨大的智能互联汽车产业。根据句意可知C项正确。31.—Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?—“Nopersonsmokeorcarryalightedcigaretteorpipeinthisrestaurant.”A.willB.shallC.needD.must答案B解析句意为：——那边的牌子上写着什么？——“任何人不得在本餐厅吸烟或手持点燃的香烟或烟斗。”shall在此处表示“规定”。32.Blogdiscussionsmaybeclosedtonewcomments，amessageisdisplayedinformingyouofthat.A.inwhatcase B.inthatcaseC.inwhosecase D.inwhichcase答案D解析考查定语从句。句意为：博客讨论也许会屏蔽新的评论，在这种情况下，会有消息通知你的。句中whichcase指代前面一句话的内容，引导非限制性定语从句，inwhichcase意为“在这种情况下……”。选项中what不能引导定语从句，that通常不能放在介词的后面，whose的语义不搭配。故D项正确。33.Themayor，writingthereport，turnedoffthelight，closedthedoorandwentdirectlytohisbedroom.A.tofinish B.finishedC.finishing D.havingfinished答案D解析句意为：写完这份报告之后，市长关了灯和门，径直朝他的卧室走去。分析句子结构可知，空处应填非谓语动词，且Themayor与finish之间是主谓关系，再结合题干中的“turnedoffthelight，closedthedoorandwentdirectlytohisbedroom”可知，finish所表示的动作发生在并列的谓语动词所表示的动作之前，故空处应用现在分词的完成式。34.Tryshemight，Suecouldn’tgetthedooropen.A.ifB.whenC.sinceD.as答案D解析as在此意为“虽然，尽管”，引导从句需用倒装语序，即把句中的形容词、副词、名词或者谓语动词提到as前面。故选D。35.—Soyoumissedthewonderfullecturegivenbythefamousprofessor?—.Igotthere10minutesbeforeitfinished.A.Yougotmethere B.YousaiditC.Ihatetosayit D.Notexactly答案D解析考查情景交际。Yougotmethere你难住我了；Yousaidit你说对了；Ihatetosayit我讨厌这么说；Notexactly不全是。句意为：——这么说你错过了那位著名教授的精彩演讲了？——不完全是。我在演讲结束前10分钟到达了那里。结合句意可知答案为D。第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Theymayhavetext，email，FacebookandTwitter，butyoungpeoplearestilllonelierthananyotheragegroup.TheLonelinessinNewZealandReport，36byStatisticsNewZealand，showsunder30saremore37tofeellonelythanolderpeoplebecauselonelinessdecreaseswith38.Lonelinessandpoormentalhealthwerestrongly39acrossallages.Youngpeoplewerenotaslikelytofeellonelybecauseof40hardship，butamongolderpeople，lackofmoneyhasasignificant41onloneliness.Womenweremorelikelytofeellonelythanmen.PhilipWalker，spokesman42theGeneralSocialSurvey，saidbecauseitwasrelativelynewitwashardtoknowwhetherlonelinessamongyoungpeoplewasanew43.Butoverseasresearchhasfoundthat44oflonelinessinyouthtodayaregrowing.MrWalkersaidthe45neededmoreexploration，includinglooking46theroleoftechnologyandsocialmedia.“Itcouldbethatpeople’s47ofconnectionhavegoneup，soweexpectincreasedlevelsofconnection，”hesaid.“While48likecellphonescouldhelpyoungpeoplestay49，ontheotherhandforthosewhodogetbullied，especiallybulliedonline，it’squite50.Alotofthetimepotentiallyitisabig51toloneliness.”FiguresfromonlinedatingwebsiteFindSomeonealso52moreyoungpeoplewerelookingfor53.ManagerRickDavies，saidyoungerdatinghopefulswerethefastestgrowing54onthesite.TheStatisticsNewZealandreportalso55peoplewhodidn’thaveface-to-facecontactwithfamilyandfriendsweremorelikelytofeellonely，aswerethosewholivedalone.语篇解读本文讲述不同年龄段的人对孤独的感受情况。研究表明，年轻人比年龄大的人更容易感到孤独；女人也比男人容易觉得孤独；与家人和朋友缺少面对面的交流的人容易感到孤独。36.A.published B.announcedC.found D.written答案A解析新西兰统计局的报告用“公布”恰当。publish出版，发表，公布；announce宣布，述说，预示，播报；find发现，找到；write书写。37.A.sure B.likelyC.possible D.closed答案B解析句意为：三十岁以下的年轻人比年龄大一些的人更容易感到孤独。belikelytodo意为“有可能做某事”；possible作表语时，主语不可以是表示人的单词，通常用it作表语。38.A.experience B.abilityC.age D.knowledge答案C解析句意为：新西兰统计局公布的《新西兰孤独报告》显示了三十岁以下的年轻人比年龄大一些的人更容易感到孤独，因为孤独感随着年龄的增长而降低。根据thanolderpeople推出用age。39.A.hated B.relatedC.isolated D.cursed答案B解析孤独感和心理状况不佳在各个年龄段都有很强的相关性。related与……相关的，故选B。40.A.emotional B.employableC.educational D.financial答案D解析从下一句but后的内容可知这里说的是经济问题。句意为：年轻人不大可能因为经济困难而感到孤单。emotional情绪的，易激动的；employable适宜雇用的，有资格任职的；educational教育的，有教育意义的；financial金融的，财政的，财务的。41.A.influence B.harmC.disturbance D.fear答案A解析句意为：但是对年龄大的人来说，缺少金钱会对孤独感产生很大的影响。influence影响，符合题意。42.A.from B.asC.for D.by答案C解析结合语境，此处指综合社会调查部门的发言人。from意为“出自；来自；从……起”，如果用from，spokesman前面需用冠词。as意为“作为；如同”，如果用as，则应该放在spokesman的前面。for意为“为；因为；代表”；by意为“靠近；通过；被；经由；不迟于”。43.A.trend B.directionC.choice D.fashion答案A解析句意为：(发言人)说因为对孤独感的研究是相对较新的，很难知道年轻人中的孤独感是否是新的趋势。从下一句可以推出A选项正确。trend意为“趋势，倾向；走向”。44.A.senses B.levelsC.stories D.factors答案B解析根据growing可以推出B选项符合语境，level意为“水平；标准”。句意为：但国外研究发现，现在青年的孤独程度在上升。45.A.finding B.contradictionC.result D.experiment答案A解析根据上文中的overseasresearch可以推出A选项正确。句意为：沃克先生说这个研究的结果需要更多的探索……。finding调查(或研究)的结果；contradiction矛盾，反驳；result结果，成绩；experiment实验，试验。46.A.forB.onC.aboutD.at答案D解析句意为：沃克先生说这个研究的结果需要更多的探索，包括考虑科技和社交媒体的作用。lookfor寻找，期望；lookon看作，认为是……(接as)；lookabout四下里看，环顾；lookat看，考虑。47.A.expectations B.imaginationsC.civilization D.innovation答案A解析句意为：这可能是人们对人际关系的期待上升了，所以我们希望联系的紧密程度增加。expectation期待，预期；imagination想象，想象力；civilization文明，文化；innovation创新，革新。48.A.transport B.technologyC.information D.channels答案B解析根据第三段第一句中的“theroleoftechnologyandsocialmedia”和空后的“likecellphones”可以推出B选项为正确选项。transport运输；technology技术，工艺；information信息，资料；channel通道，频道，海峡。49.A.connected B.knowledgeableC.comfortable D.informed答案A解析根据上文中的“connectionhavegoneup”可以推出A选项为正确选项，connected意为“连接的；有联系的；连贯的”。句意为：尽管像手机这样的科技能够使年轻人处于联系当中……。50.A.isolating B.usefulC.frightening D.exciting答案A解析句意为：……另一方面，对于那些受到欺负的人，尤其是网上受欺负的人，这是非常孤立的。isolating孤立的，绝缘的；useful有用的，有益的；frightening令人恐惧的；exciting令人兴奋的，使人激动的。51.A.contribution B.contributorC.introduction D.help答案B解析句意为：大部分情况下，这也是人感到孤独的一个潜在原因。contribution贡献，捐献；contributor贡献者，投稿人，原因；introduction介绍，引见；help帮助。52.A.confirmed B.noticedC.informed D.expressed答案A解析由本空后的较年轻的约会者增长最快，可推知这个网站的数据证实了越来越多的年轻人在寻找爱，故选A，confirm意为“证实，确认”。53.A.comfort B.friendshipC.love D.support答案C解析参考上题解析。54.A.students B.consumersC.candidates D.group答案D解析较年轻的约会者是所有约会人员中的一个特定群体，故选D。group组，团体。55.A.showed B.toldC.disclosed D.suggested答案A解析句意为：新西兰统计局的报告还表明没与家人和朋友面对面接触的人更容易感到孤独。show表明，证明；tell告诉，辨别；disclose公开，揭露；suggest提议，建议。第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABookinaBoxWhatisBIAB?Creatingabookinthetraditionalwayispainful.Theprocessisconfusingandtime-consuming.AtBookinaBox，wesolvethatproblem.Wehavecreatedanewprocesstoturnyourideaintoabook，whichonlyrequiresyoutospendabout50hoursonthephoneandtakesaboutsevenmonths.Notonlythat，butthebookisentirelyyourideas，yourwordsandinyourvoice.HowitworksInshort，weinterviewyou.Youuseyourvoicetogetyourideasintoabook，insteadofyourfingers.Ourprocessupdatestheancientscribemodelinasystematicandmodernwaytogetyouabookthatisentirelyyourideas，inyourwords，andevenyourvoice—butmucheasierthandoingityourself.BookinaBoxPromises1.Wewon’tworkwithyouunlesswebelieveinyourbook’sideas.2.Yourbookwillbeprofessional.3.Yourbookwillbeyourideas，words，andvoice.4.Yourbookwillhaveamarketingplan.PRICING：US$25KTheBookinaBoxpackageincludesalltheelementsrequiredtotakeyourideasandturnthemintoaprofessionallypublishedbook.1.CompletedBookManuscriptComprehensiveinterviewstogetallyourideasoutofyourhead.Thecontentofyourbookdraftedwithyourwords，revisedwithyourchangesandfullyproofread.2.PublishedBookAbeautifullydesignedcoverandinteriorlayout(includingupto10images)inbothpaperbackande-bookformats.Fullrightsownership，including100%ofroyalties，withtheabilitytoorderunlimitedcopiesatcost(withaninitial50-copygiftfromus).3.DistributionandMarketingPrintinganddistributionthroughallmajoronlineretailers.MarketingandpromotiontobecomeanAmazonbest-seller.Ascheduledpodcastinterviewonyouandyourbook.Majormediapresswithcontentbasedonyourinterview.4.Add-onsandExtrasHardcoverversion(with50copies)：US$2,500Audiobook：US$5,000Multipleauthors(2＋)：US$2,000perauthoreq\x(语篇解读本文主要介绍了一家为客户提供出书服务的公司的相关信息。)56.HowdoesBIABhelpcustomerscreateabook?A.Ittranslatestheirmainideas，wordsandvoicesintoabook.B.Itcreatesasystemtoturnthecustomers’voiceintowords.C.Ithelpsthemsolvetheproblemstheyhaveintheprocess.D.Itcollectstheinformationthattheyneedforthebook.答案A解析细节理解题。综合Howitworks中的内容可知，BIAB通过采访客户来得到他们的想法，然后再使用系统而现代的方式创作出一本书。故选项A符合题意。57.WhatservicesdoesBIABoffer?a.Editing.b.Designing.c.Readingandcorrecting.d.Printing.e.Arranginganinterviewonthebook.f.Marketing.A.a，b，c，d，e B.a，b，d，e，fC.b，d，f D.a，b，c，d，e，f答案D解析细节理解题。根据BookinaBoxPromises部分的内容可知，BIAB提供编辑、设计、校对、印刷、采访以及营销等服务。故选项D符合题意。BWhenit’sfiveo’clock，peopleleavetheiroffice.Thelengthoftheworkday，formanyworkers，isdefinedbytime.Theyleavewhentheclocktellsthemthey’redone.Thesedays，thetimeiseverywhere：notjustonclocksorwatches，butoncell-phonesandcomputers.Thatmaybeabadthing，particularlyatwork.Newresearchshowsthatclock-basedworkscheduleshindermorale(士气)andcreativity.Clock-timersorganizetheirdaybyblocksofminutesandhours.Forexample：ameetingfrom9a.m.to10a.m.，researchfrom10a.m.tonoon，etc.Ontheotherhand，task-timershavealistofthingstheywanttoaccomplish.Theyworkdownthelist，eachtaskstartswhentheprevioustaskiscompleted.Itissaidthatallofusemployamixofboththesetypesofplanning.What，then，aretheeffectsofthinkingabouttimeinthesedifferentways？Doesonemakeusmoreproductive？Betteratthetasksathand？Happier？InexperimentsconductedbyTamarAvnetandAnne-LaureSellier，theyhadparticipantsorganizedifferentactivities—fromprojectplanning，holidayshopping，toyoga—bytimeorto-dolisttomeasurehowtheyperformedunder“clocktime”vs“tasktime”.Theyfoundclocktimerstobemoreefficientbutlesshappybecausetheyfeltlittlecontrolovertheirlives.Tasktimersarehappierandmorecreative，butlessproductive.Theytendtoenjoythemomentwhensomethinggoodishappening，andseizeopportunitiesthatcomeup.Theresearchersarguethattask-basedorganizingtendstobeundervaluedandunder-supportedinbusinessculture.Smartcompanies，theybelieve，willtrytobakemoretask-basedplanningintotheirstrategies.Thismightbeasmallchangetothewayweviewworkandtheoffice，buttheresearchersarguethatitchallengesawidespreadcharacteristicoftheeconomy：workorganizedbyclocktime.Whilemostpeoplewillstillprobablyneed，andbe，tosomeextent，clock-timers，task-basedtimingshouldbeusedwhenperformingajobthatrequiresmorecreativity.It’llmakethosetaskseasier，andthetask-doerswillbehappier.语篇解读朝九晚五，这是许多单位都采用的工作模式。本文阐述了钟点式工作模式与任务完成式工作模式的好处与坏处，建议公司可以把这两种工作模式相结合，以求效益的最大化。58.Whatisthewaymanyworkersoftendotheirwork?A.Theyadopttask-basedplanningstyle.B.Theyfollowclock-basedworkstyle.C.Theychoosetodotaskstotheirtaste.D.Theypreferthemostcreativetaskonhand.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Thelengthoftheworkday，formanyworkers，isdefinedbytime.”可以看出，许多工人执行的是由时间界定的工作方式。59.Smartcompaniesnowadaysaresupposedto.A.putworkefficiencyaboveeverythingelseB.carryoutclock-basedstrategiestotheletterC.improvethequalityofworkers’lifeatanycostD.adoptmoretask-basedpracticeofmanagement答案D解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Smartcompanies，theybelieve，willtrytobakemoretask-basedplanningintotheirstrategies.”可知，明智的公司会尝试在他们的策略中加入更多的基于任务的计划，因此可以推出这些公司将会更多地运用任务式的管理方式。60.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ClockTimeorTaskTime?B.TasksKeepWorkersMoreProductiveC.KeepaBalanceBetweenWorkandLifeD.PerformHappyandCreativeJobsNow答案A解析标题归纳题。综合文章大意可知，本文主要是阐述钟点式工作模式和任务完成式工作模式这两种不同的管理方式，分析了其各自的优缺点，故选项A符合文章主题。CWhales，sealsandwalrusesstaywarminchillywaterbecausetheyhaveathicklayerofblubber(鲸脂).Wehumansrelyonsomethinglikeblubber—neoprenerubber(氯丁橡胶)wetsuits—tospendtimeincoldwater.Butthethickversionsforreallyicywaterareheavyandungainly.Soratherthantakingafterbigmarinemammals，whatifwecouldlearnfromthelittleones，likebeavers(海狸)andotters(水獭)?“Theseanimalsarequitesmallandtheycan’tcarryaroundathicklayerofblubber.Soinsteadtheyhavefurthatisevolvedtotrapair，andthisairprovidesalayerofinsulationfortheminwater.”AliceNastoisagraduatestudentinmechanicalengineeringatMIT.Scientistshaveknownaboutthisair-trappinginsulationmechanismforalongtime，buttheyhadnotteasedoutthedetailsofhowitworks.SoNastoandhercolleaguestookonthechallenge.“We’recreatingthesefurrysamplesfromtheserubberymaterialsbylasercuttingmoldsandcastingthesehairysurfaces.Andthroughourapproachwecanpreciselycontrolthespacingofthehairsandthelengthofthehairs.”Theresearchersthencreatedasystemtogatherdatawhentheirpeltsenteredandmovedthroughaliquid—inthiscasenotwater，butsiliconeoil，whichmakesiteasiertoseeairbubbles.Thekeyistokeepthepelt’sairlayerintact.“Sowhenthey’recrossingtheairwaterinterface，initiallytheirhairytextureisfullofair.Andthenyougointowater.Howmuchoftheaircomesdownwithyouasyou’removinginthroughtheinterface.Sothat’swhatthismodelwilltellyou.”Theyfoundthatthedenserthehairs，themoretheairgettrapped，whichshouldkeeptheanimal—orpotentiallythehumaninafuturefurrywetsuit—warm.TheresearchisinthejournalPhysicalReviewFluids.“Whatwewouldliketoworkonmovingforwardisunderstanding，afteryoudiveintothewater，howdoyoumaintainthisairlayertrappedinyourfur.Andthere’slotsofinterestingpropertiesofthefurinnaturethatwehaven’tyetlookedatinourmodelthatcouldhelpexplainhowthismechanismmightwork.”Sofornow，cold-waterdiversandsurferswillstillemulatesealsorsealions.Butthedaymaycomewhenthey’llmorecloselyresembleottersorbeavers.OrevenaWookieeonaboogieboard.语篇解读这是一篇科普类文章。文章叙述了体积较小的海洋哺乳动物在寒冷的水中如何保持身体温暖，以及麻省理工学院机械工程专业的一名研究生爱丽丝·纳斯托和她的同事们所做的进一步的研究。61.Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom.A.astorybook B.anewspaperC.atravelbook D.asciencemagazine答案D解析文章出处题。由文章的主要内容可知，这是一篇科普说明文。因此最有可能发表在科学杂志上。62.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEinthepassage?A.Scientistshavejustknownaboutthisair-trappinginsulationmechanism.B.Thedenserthehairs，themoretheaircanbecarriedwith.C.Theresearchershavestudiedhowthisair-trappinginsulationmechanismmightwork.D.Cold-waterdiversandsurferscanemulateottersorbeaversnow.答案B解析细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Theyfoundthatthedenserthehairs，themoretheairgettrapped.”可知，毛发的密度越大，存留的空气越多。故选B。63.Whatcanmakethelittlemammalskeepwarmincoldwater?A.Athicklayerofblubber.B.Anair-trappinginsulationmechanism.C.Afurthatisevolvedtotrapair.D.Aneoprenerubberwetsuit.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Soinsteadtheyhavefurthatisevolvedtotrapair，andthisairprovidesalayerofinsulationfortheminwater.”可知，使它们能在冰水中保持温暖的是进化出的可以存留空气的皮毛。故选C。64.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AFantasticLayerofFurB.AnImportantResearchC.AWonderfulMechanismD.AThickLayerofBlubber答案A解析标题归纳题。文章主要叙述了体积较小的海洋哺乳动物在寒冷的水中利用自己的皮毛保持体温温暖，以及爱丽丝·纳斯托及其同事对它的进一步的研究。故选项A是正确答案。D“Whatiscivilization？”askedKennethClark50yearsagointheBBCseriesonthesubject.“Idon’tknow，andIcan’tdefineitinabstractterms，yet.ButIthinkIcanrecogniseitwhenIseeit，andI’mlookingatitnow.”Andheturnedtogesturebehindhim，atthesoaringGothictowersandflyingbuttressesofNotreDame.Itseemsinhumantocaremoreaboutabuildingthanaboutpeople.ThatthesightofNotreDamegoingupinflamehasattractedsomuchmoreattentionthanfloodsinsouthernAfricawhichkilledover1,000arousesunderstandablefeelingsofguilt.Yetthewidespread，intensegriefatthesightofthecathedral’scollapsingsteeple(尖塔)isinfactprofoundlyhuman—andinaparticularly21st-centuryway.Itisnotjusttheeconomythatisglobaltoday，itisculturetoo.Peoplewandertheworldinsearchnotjustofjobsandsecuritybutalsoofbeautyandhistory.Abuildingonwhosesunnystepsyouhaverested，infrontofwhichyouhavetakenaselfiewithyourlovedone，becomesawarmpartofyourmemoriesandthusofyourself.ThathelpsexplainwhyChinaisinmourning—WeChat，youngChina’sprincipalmeansoftalkingtoitself，hasbeenthrobbingwiththestory，andXiJinping，thecountry’spresident，sentamessageofcondolence(慰问)toEmmanuelMacron，hisFrenchcounterpart—whileIndiawaslargelyindifferent.TourismfromIndiatotheWestisastreamcomparedwiththefloodfromChina.Thisvisualagehasblessedbeautywithnewpower，andsocialmediahaveturnedgreatworksofartintosuperstars.Onlyafew，though，haveachievedthisstatus.Justasthereisonlyeverahandfulofworld-famousactors，sothenumberofgloballyrecognisableculturalsymbolsistiny:theMonaLisa，Michelangelo’sDavid，theTajMahal，theGreatPyramid—andNotreDame.Disaster，too，isvisual.Inthe24hoursafterthefirestartedvideosonsocialmediaoftheburningcathedralwereviewednearlyaquarterofabilliontimes.Yettheemotionsthesightarousedwerelessaboutthebuildingitselfthanaboutwhatlosingitmightmean.NotreDameisanexpressionofhumanityatitscollectivebest.Nobodycouldlookupintothatvaultedceilingwithoutwonderingatthegeniusofthethousandsofanonymouscraftsmenwho，overacenturyandahalf，realisedavisionsograndinitsstructuralambitionandsodelicateinitshand-chiselleddetail.Itssurvivalthrough850yearsofpoliticalturbulence—throughwar，revolutionandNazioccupation—bindsthepresenttothepast.Thefirealsobindspeopletoeachother.Theoutpouringofemotionithasbroughtforthisproofthat，despitethedarkforcesofdivisionnowabroad，weareallinittogether.Whennationalismisarisingthreat，sharedsadnessmakesborderssuddenlyirrelevant.Whenpoliticsispolarised，aloveofculturehasthepowertounite.WhenextremismdividesMuslimfromChristianandreligiouspeoplefromatheists，thoseofallfaithsandnonearemourningtogether.Anedifice(宏伟建筑)builtforthegloryofGodalsorepresentstheunityofthehumanspirit.Anditwillberebuilt.Themorningafterthefire，themanyParisianswhowenttothecathedraltomournitsdestructionfoundcomfortinstead.Althoughthespireisgone，thetowersarestillstandinganditseemslikelythatthewholebuildingcanberevived.Theefforttorebuildit，likethefire，willbringpeopletogether.Within24hours，6000m($677m)hadbeenraisedfrombusinessesandrichpeople，andalotofcrowd-fundingcampaignsstarted.Ahigh-resolutionlaserscanofthebuilding，carriedoutrecently，shouldhelp.Itwillneverbethesame，butthatisasitshouldbe.AsVictorHugowroteinTheHunchbackofNotreDame，athree-volumelove-lettertothecathedral：“Greatedifices，likegreatmountains，aretheworkofcenturies.Artisoftentransformedasitisbeingmade...Timeisthearchitect，thenationisthebuilder.”语篇解读这是一篇夹叙夹议文。人类文明延续至今，已经有几千年的历史，正是有了这些伟大艺术的存在，人类才能超越个体的短暂，让精神长存。像巴黎圣母院这样的建筑不仅是法国人民的骄傲，也是全人类的瑰宝。火灾发生后，全世界的人们为巴黎圣母院哀悼，并为它的修复贡献自己的力量。65.Whatdothefirsttwoparagraphsimply?A.WeshouldfeelguiltyaboutignoringthefloodsinsouthernAfrica.B.Peopleinmoderntimestendtocarealotabouthistoryandcivilization.C.Thedestructionofahistoricbuildingismoreseriousthanthelossoflife.D.ThehumancivilizationisgonewiththeburningofNotreDameCathedral.答案B解析推理判断题。由前两段可知，“但我想当我看到它的时候我能认出它，现在我正在看它。”他转过身来，指向身后高耸的哥特式塔楼和高耸的巴黎圣母院。比起关心人，更关心建筑似乎有违人道主义。然而，实际上，看到大教堂尖塔倒塌，那种广泛深刻的悲痛正是人性深刻的体现，这是一种二十一世纪的独特方式。所以前两段暗示出，在现代，人们往往更加关心历史和文明。故B选项正确。66.WhichofthefollowingcanexplainwhyChinaandIndiaresponddifferentlytothecathedralonfire?A.Familiarityproducesaffection.B.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.C.Absencemakestheheartgrowfonder.D.Beautyisintheeyeofthebeholder.答案A解析细节理解题。由第三段可知，如今，不仅经济全球化，文化也走向全球化。人们漫游世界，不仅仅为了寻求工作和安全，也为寻找美好和历史。一个建筑，如果你曾在它洒满阳光的台阶上休息，曾一起和爱人在它前面自拍，那么它就会成为你记忆中温暖的一部分，因此成为你的一部分。中国游客如洪水般涌进西方各国，相比之下，印度前往西方的游客数量可谓是涓涓细流。所以A选项“熟会生爱”可以解释为什么中国和印度对巴黎圣母院着火的反应不同。故A选项正确。67.Theculturalsymbolsinthefourthparagrapharementionedtoprovethat.A.newshaswingsintheageofsocialmedianowadaysB.onlyafewculturalsymbolscanbecomeworld-famousC.disastersbecomemorepowerfulwithsomevisualeffectD.culturalsymbolshavetakenonnewmeaningsinthevisualage答案A解析推理判断题。根据第四段可知，这个视觉时代赋予美以新能量，社交媒体将艺术名作变成了巨星。然而，只有少数作品获得了这种地位。正如世界著名演员屈指可数，因此，全球可识别文化标志性艺术作品也很少，主要有：《蒙娜丽莎》、米开朗基罗的《大卫》、泰姬陵、大金字塔，以及巴黎圣母院。灾难也进行了视觉呈现。大火发生后的24小时内，社交媒体上关于燃烧的巴黎圣母院视频点击量近2.5亿次。所以社交媒体的力量是巨大的，他能将全球可识别文化标志迅速传播。故判断出第四段中提到的文化标志证明当今社交媒体时代的新闻传播速度之快。故A选项正确。68.Whenthecathedralwasonfire，peoplefeltmostpainfulabout.A.thedestructionofitsartisticandtime-honoredceilingB.thefadingofitsstructurewithcarefullymadedetailsC.thelossofthelinkbetweenthepastandthepresentD.thedeathoftheunknowncraftsmenwhocreatedit答案C解析细节理解题。由第五段最后一句“Itssurvivalthrough850yearsofpoliticalturbulence—throughwar，revolutionandNazioccupation—bindsthepresenttothepast.”可知，巴黎圣母院经历了850年的风云变幻，包括政治动荡、战争、革命以及纳粹占领，她连接着过去和现在。当大教堂着火时，人们感到最痛苦的是人们失去了过去和现在之间的联系。故C选项正确。69.WhichofthefollowingaboutwhathappenedafterthefireisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Technologicalsupportismoreimportantthananythingelseintherescuework.B.Thefirehasunitedpeopleintheworldtofocusontherestorationofthecathedral.C.Donationsweremadeovernight，mostofwhichwerefromtherichbusinessesandpeople.D.Influencedbythedisaster，peoplewithdifferentbeliefshaveabandonedtheirprejudices.答案B解析细节理解题。由最后两段可知。重建工作也将人们团结在一起。所以，这场大火使全世界的人团结起来，集中精力修复大教堂。故B选项正确。70.VictorHugo’swordsarequotedinthelastparagraphtoprovethat.A.NotreDamelikeanyotherartshouldbetransformedB.timehealseverythingandwewillsoonforgetthesorrowC.therebuiltNotreDamewillnotenjoythesamereputationD.timeconstantlygivesNotreDamenewmeaningandvalue答案D解析推理判断题。由最后一段可知，正如维多克·雨果曾为巴黎圣母院写的三卷情书——《巴黎圣母院》中所写的那样，伟大的建筑，宛如巍峨的山峦，是时间的杰作。在创作艺术的过程中，艺术常常会被改变……时光是建筑师，国家是建设者。所以通过雨果所说话的内容可以判断出最后一段引用了雨果的话来证明，时间不断地赋予圣母院新的意义和价值。故D选项正确。第四部分任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。It’sDangeroustoWearSleepDeprivationasaBadgeofHonorBeingover-tireddoesn’tfeelgood.Sleepdeprivationcomeswithacrankymalaise，yetmostofuscontinuetobehaveasifit’snobigdealthatweareoftenexhausted.Infact，manyofuswearoursleepdeprivationasabadgeofhonor.Weglamorizeourabilitytopullall-nightersandburnthecandleatbothendsbecauseweareanationbuiltonthenotionthatifyousnoozeyoulose—or，asthelateWarrenZevonputit，I’llsleepwhenI’mdead.Welookatsleepasabarriertosuccess，fun，andself-fulfillment，eventhoughsleepdeprivationisphysiologicallyandpsychologicallydangerous.It’stimetofaceuptotherisksassociatedwithourcultureofsleepdeprivation.Mostofusarefamiliarwiththefirstsignsofsleepdeprivation，suchasfeelingirritable，havingdifficultyconcentrating，andsufferingfromfatigue.Insteadofresting，though，wedrinkanothercupofcoffeeandpowerthrough.Unfortunately，thecumulativeimpactofsleepdeprivationismoredangerousthangenerallyacknowledged.Abodyofsleepresearchshowsthatlackofsleepcanberesponsiblefordepression，anxiety，stress，andpanicattacks，aswellasamyriadofhealthproblems，includingheartdisease，diabetes，migraines，increasedriskforcancer，strokes，anddementia.Thebeliefthatsleepisabarriertoself-developmentrunsdeepinourculture.DaleCarnegie，th