山西省祁县二中高三冲刺模拟新高考英语试卷及答案解析

山西省祁县二中高三冲刺模拟新高考英语试卷注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．InBeijing,morethan21,100people________todonatetheirbodiesbytheendof2017,asthecitypromotedabodydonationcampaignfrom1999.A．haveappliedB．hadappliedC．wouldhaveappliedD．applied2．Patrickwaited________alltheluggagewascleared,buthisneverappeared.A．until B．beforeC．when D．while3．Theyoungman,________inheavytrafficontheway,gothomeanhourlaterthanusual.A．catching B．caught.C．havingcaught D．tobecaught4．Thegovernmentofficialsmettheworkersandengineersworkingonthestadium,most____weremigrantworkers．A．ofwhich B．ofwho C．ofwhom D．ofthem5．Hopefully，thenewmethodwillbeeffective，helpingstudentstogettheircareerplans________.A．athandB．atwillC．ontrialD．ontrack6．---Canthose___________atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?---Noproblem.A．seat B．sitC．seated D．sat7．TheywerestandingsofarawaythatIcouldn’t_____theirfacesclearly.A．makeout B．makefor C．makeoff D．makeup8．---Theyarequiet,aren’tthey?---yes.Theyareaccustomed____atmeals.A．totalking B．tonottalking C．tonottalk D．totalk9．Asteachersweshouldn’taccepttheargumentgivenbysomepeople_______standardizedtestsrestricteducatorstoomuchandtakethejoyoutofteaching.A．where B．whatC．how D．that10．———Itwasagreendinner._______———Thanks.Butitreallyonlytookanhour.A．Youmustbetired. B．Ienjoyeditverymuch.C．Youmusthavespentalldaycooking. D．Ihaveneverhaditbefore.11．______tosuccesscan’tdefeatus.Instead,theycanonlymakeusstronger.A．Attempts B．BarriersC．Contributions D．Access12．Ifwewantstudentstobecomeeffectiveinmulticulturalsettings,onethingisclear:thereisno________forpractice.A．prescriptionB．substituteC．appetiteD．suspension13．---Kingsman:TheSecretServiceisaspyactioncomedyfilm.Wantstocomewithme?---I’dloveto,butmybestfriendisgettingmarried,andIwon’t_______itforanything.A．overlook B．trade C．miss D．forget14．Thenewsupermarkethasannouncedthatthefirsttopurchasegoodsontheopeningday________getabigprize.A．must B．shallC．would D．could15．IfJoe’swifewon’tgototheparty,________.A．hewilleither B．neitherwillheC．heneitherwill D．eitherhewill16．Citizensare_____toexercisetheirrights,butundernocircumstancescantheyviolateotherpeople’srights.A．ontrack B．onscheduleC．atease D．atliberty17．Whenonholidays,therailwaysputontrainstomakepeople’stravelmoreconvenient.A．regularB．specialC．particularD．unusual18．—Lucy,couldyoupleasesparemeafewminutes?一,butIhope“afewminutes”,won’tturnintoanhour.A．Itdoesn’tmatterB．That'skindofyouC．I’mafraidnotD．Iguessso19．Ipreferaschool______teachershavetoworkasateam,insteadoffightingagainsteachother.A．where B．that C．as D．when20．We’dbetterdiscusseverything______beforeweworkouttheplan.A．indetail B．ingeneral C．onpurpose D．ontime第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Itisaquestionpeoplehavebeenaskingforages.Isthereawaytoturnbacktheagingprocess?Forcenturies,peoplehavebeenlookingfora“fountainofyouth.”Theideaisthatifyoufindamagicalfountain,anddrinkfromitswaters,youwillnotage.SpanishexplorerJuanPoncedeLeonsearchedforwaterswithmagicalpowersintheearly1500s.ButwhathefoundinsteadistheAmericanstateofFlorida.ResearchersinNewYorkdidnotfindanactualfountainofyouth,buttheymayhavefoundawaytoturnbacktheagingprocess.Itappearstheanswermaybehiddenrightbetweenyoureyes,inanareacalledthehypothalamus.Thehypothalamusispartofyourbrain.Itcontrolsimportantactivitieswithinthebody.CaiDongsheng,aprofessorattheAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine,foundthathypothalamusstemcellsinfluencehowfastagingtakesplaceinthebodyaswell.Healsoreportedthatwhenthehypothalamusstartsaging,sodoesthebody.“Sowhenhypothalamusfunctionisindecline,particularlythelossofhypothalamusstemcells,andthisprotectionagainsttheagingdevelopmentislost,iteventuallyleadstoaging.”Usingthisinformation,theresearchersbegantryingtoactivate(激活)orenergizethehypothalamusinlaboratorymice.Theydidthisbyinjecting(注射)theanimalswithstemcells.Later,theresearchersexaminedtissuesandtestedforchangesinbehavior.Theylookedforchangesinthestrengthoftheanimals’muscles.Theyalsostudiedthesocialbehaviorandcognitive(认知)abilityofthemice.Theresearcherssaytheresultsshowthatthetreatmentslowedagingintheanimals.Caisaysinjectingmiddle-agedmicewithstemcellsfromyoungermicehelpedtheolderanimalslivelonger.Thesefindingscouldleadtonewwaystohelpdoctorsidentifyandtreatanynumberofhealthissuesconcerningagingproblems.Ifthemicecanlivelonger,doesthatmeanpeoplecouldhavelongerlives?ThisisthequestionCaiandhisteamarethinkingabout.1、WhatdidJuanPoncedeLeonfind?A．TheAmericanstateofFlorida.B．Magicalpowers.C．AFountainofyouth.D．Awaytostoptheagingprocess.2、Whatdoweknowaboutthehypothalamus?A．Itislocatedintheeyes.B．Itstartsagingduetotheincreaseofitsstemcells.C．Itplaysakeyroleincontrollingtheagingprocess.D．Itfunctionswellwhenthebodystartsaging.3、Whatdidtheresearchersdoduringtheexperiment?A．Theystrengthenedthemusclesofthemice.B．Theyexaminedtissuesandtestedthebehaviourofmice.C．Theyinjectedthestemcellsintotheyoungermice.D．Theychangedthesocialbehaviorandcognitiveabilityofthemice.4、Whatwouldtheresearchersprobablydonext?A．Injectstemcellsofmiceintohumans.B．Researchonthecognitivepsychology.C．Helpthemicelivelonger.D．Seeifanti-agingeffectsalsoworkinhumanbeings.22．（8分）HomefromtheNavy,IstartedschoolatGreenvilleCollegeinmyhometownofIllinois.I’dbeenoutofhighschoolforfouryears,butmyhighschoolheadmaster,Mr.Gardner,invitedmetoaValentine’sdaydancepartyatschool.Thethoughtofseeingmyformerteacherswasexciting.SoIagreed.WhenFridaycame,Icleanedup,dressedupanddrovetothehighschoolgym.IchattedwithmyteachersandapproachedMr.Gardnertothankhimbeforeleaving.Justthen,thebandstartedplayingandayounggirlstooduptosing.OnelookatandIwascrazy—Ihadneverseensuchabeautifulgirl!IaskedMr.Gardnerwhoshewas,andheanswered,“That’sMarilynRiley,CutRiley’sdaughter.”Iwasshockedtosaytheleast.Theylivedjustaroundthecornerfromme.Iwalkedacrossthegymfloortointroducemyself,“Hi,I’mJackJoseph.”“Iknowwhoyouare,”washernot-too-friendlyresponse.“Wouldyouliketodance?”Iasked.“No!I’mworking,”sheshotback.“CanIcallyounextweekforamoviedate?”Iasked.“No,”washerresponse.ForthenextmonthIphoned,tryingtosetupadate.Shealwayshadthesameanswer:No.thenonerainyafternooninMarchasIwasdrivinghomeafterbasketballpractice,IsawMarilyn,walkingwithnoumbrella,noraincoat,nohat.Ipulledalongsideherandaskedifsheneededaride,halfexpectinghertosayno.instead,shesteppedovertheroadsideandsatdownontheseatnexttome.Itwasonlyafewblockstoherhouse,butafterpullingintoherdrivewaywetalkedfor45minutes.Itwasmagicfromthenon.1、WhydidJackdecidetoattendtheparty?A．ThepartywasholdtowelcomehimbackhomeB．MarilynwouldbeintroducedtohimatthepartyC．HecouldmeetsomeofhisformerteachersthereD．TheygatheredtheretocelebrateValentine’sDay2、Whatwastheauthor’sattitudetowardstheparty?A．CasualB．FormalC．PassiveD．worried3、Wecaninferfromthetextthat__________.A．JackonceservedinthearmyafterhighschoolB．ittookJack45minutestodriveMarilynhomeC．JackandMarilynwerefamiliarwitheachotherD．itwasMarilyn’scoldattitudethatinterestedJack4、Howwouldthestorymostprobablydevelopintheend?A．MarilynwouldfallinlovewithJackB．JackwouldmakegreatachievementsincollegeC．MarilynwouldbecomeafamoussingerD．JackwouldhavefrequentconflictswithMarilyn23．（8分）Asself-drivingcarscomeclosertobeingcommononAmericanroads，muchoftherhetoric（浮夸之词）promotingthemhastodowithsafety.About40，000peopledieonUSroadseveryyear，anddrivererrorsarelinkedtomorethan20percentofcrashes.Butmanyofthebiggestsupportersofautonomous（自动的）vehiclesaren'tcarcompanieslookingtoimprovethesafetyoftheirexistingproducts.Hugesupportforself-drivingtechnologiesiscomingfromSiliconValleygreatcompanieslikeGoogleandApple.Thoseofuswhohavestudiedtherelationshipbetweentechnologyandsocietytendtolookmorecarefullyatthereasonsbehindanytechnologicalpush.Inthiscase，it'sclearthatinadditiontosolvingsafetyconcerns，SiliconValleyfirmshaveastrongincentive（动机）tocreateanewplaceforincreasingtheuseoftheirdigitaldevices.Everyminutepeoplespendontheirmobilephonesprovidesdata—andoftenmoney—totechcompanies.Atpresent，digitaldevicesanddrivingareinconflict:Thereareserious，oftenfatalconsequenceswhendriversusesmartphonestotalkortotext.Regulators（管理者）andsafetysupporterslooktosolvedialconflictbybanningphoneusewhiledriving，ashashappenedinalmosteverystate.Butthetechcompaniesaretakingadifferentapproach.TheobviousanswerforSiliconValleyistocreateanautomobileinwhichcontinuouscellphoneusenolongercausesathreattoanyone.Inrecentyears,theamountoftimeadultsspendontheirmobiledeviceshasgrownrapidly.Atthemoment,it'saroundfourhoursadayfortheaverageadultintheUS.However,thatrapidgrowthislikelytoslowdownaspeoplerunoutoftimethat'savailableforthemuptousetheirdevices,unless,ofcourse,there'sanewblockoftimethatsuddenlyopensup.TheaverageAmericannowspendsabout41minutesinacareveryday,asizeableopportunityforincreasedcellphoneuse.Soasthepublicconversationaroundautonomouscarspaysattentiontothesafetyadvantages,don'tforgetthetechindustry'spowerfuldesireformoreprofits,whichgoeswellbeyondsimplysavingusfromourselves.1、WhoareresponsibleformosttrafficaccidentsinAmerica?A．Carcompanies. B．Drivers.C．Techcompanies. D．Self-drivingcars.2、WhatpushesSiliconValleytopromoteself-drivingtechnologies?A．Tomakemoremoney.B．Toreducetrafficaccidents.C．Tolimittheuseofdigitaldevices.D．Tosupportcarcompanies.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“anewblockoftime”possiblyreferto？A．Theworkingtime.B．People'ssparetime.C．Thetimespentinthecar.D．Thetimespentonmobiledevices.4、Whatcanweknowfromthepassage？A．Weshouldteachpeopletostrictlyobeytrafficrules.B．Thewritercallsonustolookatautonomouscarswisely.C．Carcompaniesaretheleadingpromotersofself-drivingcars.D．Nosolutiontotheconflictbetweenmobilephoneuseanddrivinghasbeenfoundyet.24．（8分）Weareenrolledinthefull-timeschoolcalled“life”.Everydayinthisschool,wehaveopportunitiestolearnnewlessons.Nomatterwhetherweliketheselessonsornot,wehavetotakethem,becausetheyareourlessons.Whyarewehereinthisworld?Whatisthepurposeoflife?Humanshavetriedtodiscoverthemeaningoflifeforthousandsofyears,butfailedtogettheanswer,becausethemeaningoflifeisdifferentfrompersontoperson.Eachoneofushashisorherspecialpurposeandpath,uniqueanddifferent.Aswetravelonourlifepath,wewilllearnmanygreatlessonsinordertofulfillthatpurpose.Learningourlessonswellisthekeytodiscoveringtherealmeaningofourownlife.Aswetravelthroughourlifetime,wemaybetaughthardlessonsthatothersdon'thavetoface,whileothersspendyearsstrugglingwithproblemswedon’tneedtodealwith.WemayneverknowwhyweloveEnglish,notphysics,whichindicatesthatourpathisdifferent.Whiletravelingonourownpath,sometimesalone,weshould,firstofall,takeabasiclessoninopenness.Opennessmeansbeingreceptive.Lifewillpresentuswithsomanylessons,noneofwhichareusefultousunlesswecanrecognizethemandareopentotheirvalues.Theselessonsarcnoteasytolearn,butweshouldregardthemasgifts.Buthowcanwerecognizetheselessons?Itisamatterofwhat“glasses”wearewearingatthetime.Itisnotdifficulttospotthemifwetakethemasopportunities.Sowhenwearenotopentolearningourlessons,failingaweeklyEnglishtestmightbelikeadisasterratherthananopportunitytous.Ofcourse,thehardlessonsmaynotbefun,buttheycanactuallybethebiggestgiftswereceivefromlife.1、Theauthormaybeinfavoroftheviewpointthatallmenareborn.A．equalB．differentC．tolearnlessonsD．readyforchallenge2、Theexampleof“weloveEnglish,notphysics"ismentionedtoshowthatwe.A．chooseourownpathinlifeB．needtofacesomehardlessonsC．discoverthemeaningofourownlifeD．realizethenecessityofopenness3、Whetherwecanseelifelessonsasgiftsdependsuponour.A．anglesofviewB．commonvaluesystemC．experiencesfromlifeD．willingnesstofacechallenge4、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．LifeandlessonB．LifeasSchoolC．LifeSchoolandStudentsD．GiftsfromLife25．（10分）ThefourbestfilmsinChinainthefirstquarterof2018QuiteafewfilmsbothathomeandabroadhavebroughtawaveofheateddiscussionsontheInternetinthefirstthreemonthsof2018.Ifyou’relookingforsomegoodfilmstosee,herearesomerecommendations.Whilethesubjectsofthesefilmsaredifferent，theyallhavefascinatingstorylines,astar-studdedcastandthought-provokingthemes.Let’stakealookatthem.WonderCountry:UnitedStatesReleaseDate:Jan19,2018Genre:dramaStarring:JuliaRoberts,OwenWilson,andJacobTremblayDirector:StephenChboskyRecommendationIndex:★★★★★Onthethemeof“Weallaredifferentandwanttobetreatedwithkindness,”thefilmearnsitstugsattheheartstrings.Themoviewaspraisedbyaudiencesforhittingthesoftspotasaheartwarmingstorythatmanagestoavoidturningtoosentimental.ForeverYoungCountry:ChinaReleaseDate:Jan12,2018Genre:dramaStarring:ZhangZiyi,HuangXiaoming,WangLeehomDirector:LiFangfangRecommendationIndex:★★★★Thefilm,onceplannedasatributetomarkthecentenarycelebrationsofTsinghuaUniversityin2011,weavesfourstoriessetindifferenterastolookatthehistoryofthecollege.SecretSuperstarCountry:IndiaReleaseDate:Feb16,2018Genre:musicaldramaStarring:ZairaWasim,AamirKhanDirector:AdvaitChandanRecommendationIndex:★★★★Thefilmdealswithsocialissuesincludingfeminism,genderequalityanddomesticviolence.FromDangaltoSecretSuperstartothelatestcomedy-dramafilmBajrangiBhaijaan,IndianfilmshavedevelopedasolidfanbaseinChina.TheEx-File:TheReturnoftheExesCountry:ChinaReleaseDate:Dec29,2017Genre:romanticcomedyStarring:HanGeng,ZhengKaiDirector:TianYushengRecommendationIndex:★★★TheEx-File:TheReturnoftheExes,thefinaleofthehitromancefranchiseproducedbyHuayiBrothersandNewSaintFilmStudio,revolvesaroundbittersweetstoriesoftwoyoungbusinessmenwhobreakupwiththeirgirlfriends.Itisthefirstmoviein2018thathasachievedhugesuccessattheboxoffice.1、Whatdothefourfilmshaveincommon?A．Theyarelovestories.B．Theyarereleasedin2018.C．Theymakepeoplethinkdeeply.D．Theyarecomedies.2、Whichofthefourfilmsgainsthehighestratingscore?A．Wonder.B．TheEx-Files:TheReturnoftheExes.C．SecretSuperstar.D．ForeverYoung.3、Thefilmdealingwithgenderequalityis.A．starredbyJuliaRoberts,OwenWilsonandJacobTremblayB．aromanticcomedyC．themostsuccessfulatboxofficesD．producedbyIndia第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Oneday,anexpertwasspeakingtoagroupofbusinessstudents.Heusedan1thosestudentswillnever2.Ashestoodinfrontofthegroup,hepulledoutajarandsetitonthetable.Hethen3placedaboutadozenfist-sizedrocks,one4alime,intothejar.Whenthejarwasfilledtothe5andnomorerockswouldfit6,heasked,thejar7?”Everyoneintheclasssaid,“Yes,"Hereplied,“Really?”Hereachedunderthetableandpulledoutlotsofgravel（碎石）,thenputsomegravelinand8thejar,causingpiecesofgraveltoworkthemselvesdownintothe9betweenthebigrocks.Heaskedthegrouponcemore,“Isthejarfull?"“Probablynot,”oneofthem10,“Good!”hereplied.Hereachedunderthetableagainand11abagofsand.Hestartedputtingthesandintothejaranditwentintoallthespaces12betweentherocksandthegravel.Oncemoreheaskedthe13question,“Isthejarfull?”“No!"theclassshouted.Onceagainhesaid,“Good!"Thenheputouta14ofwaterandbegantopouritin15thejarwasfilledtothetop.Thenhelookedattheclassandsaid,“Thetruththisexample16usis:Ifyoudon'tputthebigrocksin17,you'llnevergetthemin18.Whatarethe‘bigrocks’inyourlife?Inmylifetheyaremy19ones,mydreams,doingthingsthatIlove,timeformyself,andmyhealth.Remembertoputthesebig20infirstoryou'llnevergettheminatall.1、A．agreementB．accidentC．exampleD．excuse2、A．realizeB．forgetC．rememberD．agree3、A．carefullyB．suddenlyC．especiallyD．hopefully4、A．inB．onC．byD．at5、A．topB．bottomC．lineD．row6、A．outsideB．insideC．indoorsD．outdoors7、A．goodB．new.C．fallD．useful8、A．beatB．brokeC．kickedD．shook9、A．spacesB．pathsC．unitsD．streets10、A．doubtedB．answeredC．warnedD．ordered11、A．spokeoutB．tookonC．broughtoutD．putup12、A．thrownB．damagedC．repairedD．left13、A．sameB．otherC．differentD．easy14、A．carB．pondC．bottleD．room15、A．afterB．untilC．when.D．as16、A．blamesB．punishesC．teachesD．changes17、A．lastB．suddenlyC．secondD．first18、A．aboveallB．atallC．firstofallD．afterall19、A．lovedB．plannedC．changedD．admitted20、A．sandB．villagesC．peopleD．rocks第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Istheresuchathingasbeing“over-protective”?Icanhonestlysaythatmyanswertothatquestion1．(change)dramatically(戏剧性地)sinceIbecameaparent.Beforethebirthofmydaughter,Itaughtat2．privateschool,oftenviewingmystudentsasover-protected,worrying3．wouldhappenwhentheywentontomiddleschools.Somedidfine,andsomedidnot.Someneededconstantpatsontheback,wordsof4．(inspire)andextrasupport,whichI5．(happy)gave.Otherswerecontentontheirown,needinglittle666．nointeraction(互动)withtheirteacher.I’dalwayssupposedtheirparentswereover-protective,fortheyweretheonesthatstillwalkedtheir7．(five)gradersintotheclassroomandmetthemattheschoolgate.Admittedly,Ilaughedatthoseparents,8．(think)theirchildrenwouldneverlearntobe9．(independence)iftheydidn’tletgojustalittle.ThenIhadmyowndaughter.ThemomentIlookedatherlittleface,I10．(know)I’ddoeverythinginmypowertoprotectherandmakesureshealwaysfeltsafe!第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。LastSundaywewenttoworkonourschoolfarm、Uponarrival,weweredividedintogroup、Wegotdowntoworkatonceaftergettingsettle、Someofuspickedapplesorothersload