2025届高考英语精准冲刺复习 英语阅读、七选五、完形填空、语法填空技巧及语篇分析

高考英语全国卷区阅读理解语篇体裁分布特点

由图可知，以历史、社会与文化为主题的说明文在英语高考中出现次数最多，占比18.2%，也就是说每一张高考英语卷都会出现一道该类型的阅读题；而以科技与技术为主题的说明文排第二，占比14.5%，也就是说每三年高考都会出现两次该类型题目;而排在第三位的则是以文学、艺术与体育为主题的应用文，紧接着又是以历史、社会与文化为主题的应用文。Characteristicsofpracticalwriting010203篇幅较短，有小标题专有名词较多数字较多做题技巧：1.先看题目2.定位原则3.题序原则专有名词动词，形容词4.同义替换题序原则语篇1BooksThatCelebrateDiverseHolidaysandTraditionsIt’simportanttorememberthereareadiversesetofholidaysavailabletoexplore.Belowareafewbooksthathelpintroducechildrentodifferentholidayculturesandtraditions.TooManyTamalesbyGarySoto,illustratedbyEdMartinezWhilehelpinghermotherwithChristmascelebration,Mariaistemptedtotryonhermother’sdiamondring.Aftergettingcaughtupinthejoyoftheholidayandplayingwithhercousins,Mariarealizestheringismissing!That’swhensheandhercousinscomeupwithaplantoeatallofthetamales,inhopesoffindingthering.TogetherforKwanzaabyJuwandaG.Ford,illustratedbyShellyHehenbergerThisisastoryaboutalittlegirlnamedKaylawhowantstoseeherolderbrotherKharicomehomesotheycancelebrateKwanzaatogetherasafamily.Khariisstuckatcollegewhenasnowstormhitsandhiscarbreaksdown.WillhemakeithomeintimeforKwanzaa?AChild’sChristmasinWalesbyDylanThomas,illustratedbyTrinaSchartHymanThisbookisafunny,nostalgictaleofChristmasEveafternoonthroughChristmasnightinWales,andisfullofuniqueimageryandpoeticprose.ItwillarouseasenseoffamiliarityforsomeyoungreaderswhileintroducingthemtodifferentaspectsofChristmastraditions.WeAreGrateful:OtsaliheligabyTraciSorell,illustratedbyFraneLessacThewordotsaliheligaisusedbymembersoftheCherokeeNationtoexpressgratitude.Thisisanamazingstorythatdescribesajourneythroughtheseasonswithamodern-dayCherokeefamily.Cherokeehistoryandtraditionsarealsowovenintothestoryinaverykid-friendlyway.commonpoint共同点paraphrasing同义替换21.WhatmakesitdifficultforKharitoreturnhomeintimeforKwanzaa?A.Acarcrash. B.Delayedflights. C.Extremeweather. D.Academicpressure.22.WhoprovidespicturesforAChild’sChristmasinWales?A.TraciSorell. B.EdMartinez. C.DylanThomas. D.TrinaSchartHyman.23.Thefourbooksallinformreadersof______.A.howtofindhiddentreasuresathome B.howtostrengthenbondswithfriendsC.thelifestylesofdifferentethnicgroups D.differentholidaycelebrationsandcustoms细节理解题细节理解题细节理解题1.记事类bringoutthetopic点题Ending结局conclusion升华主题2.写人引出人物人物生平、成就等人物影响Development发展beginning开端Climax高潮重难点强调对细节理解的考察Characteristicsofnarrativewriting

记叙文中细节理解题命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的______和__________________层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。故事发展的顺序脉络根据题干和选项信息大胆预测文章内容预测文章内容抓题干定位词锁定命题据根据篇章结构特点快速抓住主旨大意做题技巧：语篇2KristinSchellisthefounderofTheTurquoiseTable,amovementofordinarypeoplewhowanttocreatecommunityrightintheirownfrontyards.Tenyearsago,sheandherfamilymovedtoanewhomeinAustin,Texas.Oneday,Kristintriedtoconnectwithhernewneighborsbyhostingaparty.Sheboughtafewpicnictablesbutthedeliverydriversetonetabledowninherfrontyardbymistake.“Aftertheparty,Ipaintedthetableturquoise—myfavoritecolor—andputitinthefrontyard,justafewfeetfromthesidewalk,”shesays.ThatturquoisetablebecametheplacewhereKristinandherkidshungout.Theyplayedgames,didcraftsandatesnacks.“Wegotintentionalaboutwherewespentourtime,”Kristinsays.“Webecame‘frontyardpeople’.”Neighborsbegantostopbytointroducethemselvesandsitdownforachat.Kristininvitedpeopletojoinheratthetableforcoffeeoricedtea.ThenneighborsaskedKristiniftheirfamilycouldputapicnictableintheirfrontyardtoo.Amovementwasborn.“Itwasasimplewaytoslowdownandconnectwithothers,”shesays.Theturquoisetablewasinvitingandhadasharedfeel.Peopleoftenhesitatetoinviteothersintotheirhomes.Theythinktheirhouseistoomessy,it’snotbigenoughortheydon’thaveenoughtime.“Ourperfectionismcancauseustomissoutonthejoyofconnectingwithothers,”Kristinsays.Herpicnictabletakesawaytheexcuses—andthepressure.Shelikeshowitenableshertotakeasmallsteptowardeasinglonelinessandbuildingrelationshipsinhercommunity.“People’sgreatestneedistoknowthattheyarelovedandthattheybelong,”shesays.AdecadeaftertheirTexasbeginnings,thousandsofTurquoiseTablesexistinall50statesandin13countriesaroundtheworld.Notallofthemareactuallyturquoise.“Nomatterwhatcoloritis,it’safriendshiptable,”Kristinsays.creativesociable24.WhydidKristinSchellstartthemovement?A.Tohostmorepartiesinherfrontyard. B.Toentertainherfriendsandneighbors.C.Toengagewithpeopleintheneighbourhood. D.Tocreateharmoniouscommunitiesworldwide.25.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeKristinSchellaccordingtothetext?A.Creativeandsociable. B.Friendlyandhumorous.C.Generousandambitious. D.Cautiousandresponsible.26.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Peopledon’tlikeotherstostepintotheirhouses.B.Thecampaignhasabigimpactathomeandabroad.C.KristinSchellboughttheturquoisetabletohostaparty.D.Peoplefeelunwillingtojoininthefrontyardchatatfirst.27.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LoveYourNeighbors B.AnAmazingWomanC.HappyFrontYardTime D.TablesWhereAllAreWelcome细节理解题主旨大意题推理判断题细节理解题Paraphrasing:connectwithParaphrasing:

statesandin13countriesaroundtheworldgistofthepassage(概括主旨)creative;novel(创新，新颖)simple；clarified(简洁明了)Characteristicsofexpositorywriting语篇结构：1）介绍描述类被介绍对象+特征1+特征2+特征3+总结2）研究报告类：研究报告的主题（第一二段：问题/现象/旧研究-新研究）+（过程、方法、发现、应用）+专家评议3)新鲜科技类新鲜科技的独特性+过程+原理+用途+前景技巧点拨1：同义替换表达技巧点拨2：关注代词和冒号的用法技巧点拨3：分析词汇的上下义词技巧点拨4：长难句分析，化繁为简技巧点拨5：关注信号词，分析句际、段际关系技巧点拨6：积累观点态度词，明确作者观点态度技巧点拨7：关注中心词及首段，结尾段做题技巧：语篇3Ifyouliveinaregionwherewinterweatherisaregularrisk,youarelikelyusedtopouringsaltonyoursidewalks.Buthowdoesitwork?Andhowmuchsaltdohumanspourontoourplanet’ssurface?Thesecondquestioniseasiertoanswer:alot.Saltdoesn’tdirectlymeltice,nordoesitmakesnowsimplydisappear.Insteaditmakeswaterlesslikelytofreezeinaphenomenoncalledfreezingpointdepression.Inthecaseofsimplerocksalt,whichisarawer,lesspureversionoftablesalt,eachmolecule(分子)splitsintosmallerelements.Normally,whenwaterfreezesintoice,itsmoleculeslineuptoformastable,orderlystructure.Saltinterruptstheprocess,however,andtemperaturesmustdroplowertoovercomethatinterruptionandforfreezingtooccur.Butifsaltneedstointeractwithliquidwater,howdoesitdoanythingwhentemperaturesarestubbornlybelowfreezing,andwatershouldalreadybeintheformofice?That’swherecarshelpcleartheirownwaybycreatingfrictionand,inturn,heat.Thefrictionallowsfortheicethathasalreadyfrozentomeltalittlebit,makingitunlikelytofreeze.Beyondrocksalt’sabilitytoclearicystreets,itcanalsobedestructive.Chlorideions(氯离子)cancausewearandtearonvehiclesandfacilities.IncreasingchloridedensitiesinNorthAmericanlakescouldbegintoupsetlocalecologyanddegradesourcesofdrinkingwater.Manylocalgovernmentsarelookingforalternativestorocksalt.Othersaltssuchasmagnesiumchlorideandcalciumchlorideworkinthesamewayasrocksalt,andthey’reperhapsevenmoreefficient.Someexperimentsaretestingotherice-preventingsolutions,includingthosethatcontainsugarsinsteadoforinadditiontosalts.Anotherapproachreliesmoreheavilyonsand,whichcanmechanicallymakeroadssafer.Allofthisexperimentationisaimedatensuringpeoplecantravelinanyweathercondition—aHerculeantaskwhenwinterbringsitsworst.Paraphrasing：disturb损耗赫拉克勒斯的任务：困难的Paraphrasing：guarantee技巧点拨7：关注中心词及首段，结尾段技巧点拨1：同义替换表达技巧点拨5：关注信号词，分析句际、段际关系推理判断题细节理解题词义猜测题主旨大意题28.What’sthepurposeofthefirstsentenceinParagraph2?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Togivesomeevidence.C.Todefinethephenomenon. D.Torevealthemisconception.29.Howdoessaltworktodisturbtheprocessoffreezing?A.Byloweringthetemperature. B.Bymeltingandsplittingitself.C.Bylininguptoformasolidstructure. D.Bystoppingtheformationofthestructure.30Whatdoestheunderlinedword“densities”inParagraph4mean?A.Concentrations. B.Weights. C.Qualities. D.Salts.31.What’sthelastparagraphmainlytalkingabout?A.Othersaltswon’tdisturblocalecology.B.Effortsarebeingmadetoguaranteesafetravels.C.Manyalternativesareavailabletosolvetheproblem.D.Bitterwintermakeitimpossibletosecureroadsafety.anideathatisnotcorrectCharacteristicsofexpositorywriting语篇结构：1）介绍描述类被介绍对象+特征1+特征2+特征3+总结2）研究报告类：研究报告的主题（第一二段：问题/现象/旧研究-新研究）+（过程、方法、发现、应用）+专家评议3)新鲜科技类新鲜科技的独特性+过程+原理+用途+前景技巧点拨1：同义替换表达技巧点拨2：关注代词和冒号的用法技巧点拨3：分析词汇的上下义词技巧点拨4：长难句分析，化繁为简技巧点拨5：关注信号词，分析句际、段际关系技巧点拨6：积累观点态度词，明确作者观点态度技巧点拨7：关注中心词及首段，结尾段做题技巧：赞成positive积极的supportive支持的approving赞成的favorable赞许的反对negative消极的disapproving不赞成的dissatisfied不满意的critical批判的worried担忧的doubtful怀疑的中立objective客观的neutral中立的indifferent漠不关心的作者的态度：What’stheauthor’sattitude（态度）towards...?不清楚的unclear消极的vague模糊分ambiguous模棱两可的语篇4AbouttenyearsagologgingintoFacebook,Twitter,orInstagramwouldmostlyshowpostsfromfriendsandfamilyintheordertheywereposted.Today,theseplatformspresentamixofcontent,tailoredbyalgorithms(算法)tomatchusers’interests,whetherit’splants,sports,cats,orpolitics.KyleChayka,awriterforTheNewYorker,discussesthistopicinhisbook,Filterworld.Heexplainsthatalgorithmsanalyzeuserdatatopredictandinfluencewhattheywilllikelyengagewith.Thismeansthatinsteadofasimple,chronologicalfeed,usersencounteradynamicstream,constantlyadaptingtotheirpreferences.Chaykaexamineshowthesealgorithmicrecommendationscontrolwhatweconsume,frommusicandmoviestofoodandtraveldestinations.Hearguesthatthismachine-drivenselectionprocesshasturnedusintopassiveconsumers,makingourpreferencesandtastesmoresimilar.Chaykapointsoutthatalgorithmsmakeuspassivebyalwaysshowinguscontentthatwe’reunlikelytoclickawayfrombutwon’tfindtoounexpectedorchallenging.Thisconstantstreamofrecommendationsreducesourexposuretodiverseorchallengingcontent,subtlyshapingourpreferencesandbehaviors.Moreover,Chaykapointsoutthatalgorithmsalsopressurecontentcreators,likemusiciansandartists,totailortheirworktofitthesedigitalplatforms.Forinstance,musiciansonSpotifyorTikTokmightfocusoncreatingcatchyhooksatthebeginningoftheirsongstograbthelistener’sattention.Despitethestrongpresenceofthesealgorithms,Chaykabelievesthatregulationcouldreducetheirinfluence.HesuggeststhatifMeta,theparentcompanyofFacebook,wererequiredtoseparateitsvariousservices,likeInstagramorWhatsApp,andmakethemcompetewitheachother,itcouldgiveusersmorecontrolandchoiceovertheirdigitalconsumption.Insummary,thechangefromsimple,time-orderedsocial.mediapoststoalgorithm-drivencontenthasabigimpactonboththeviewersandthecreators,influencingwhatwesee,hear,andeventhink.Chayka’sinsightshighlighttheneedforgreaterawarenessandpotentiallymoreregulationinourincreasinglydigitalworld.Paraphrasing:makeadjustmentstosatisfy技巧点拨1：同义替换表达32.Accordingtothetexthowhavesocialmediaplatformschanged

inthepasttenyears?A.Theyshowpostsinatime-basedorder.B.Theyprioritizepostsfromfriendsandfamily.C.Theymakeadjustmentstosatisfyusers’needs.D.Theyprovidemorecontenttomeetdifferentneeds.33.WhatdoesKyleChaykathinkofalgorithmicrecommendations?A.Theymakeusersmoreactiveconsumers.B.Theyshapeusers’preferencesandbehaviors.C.Theyreducetheinfluenceofcontentcreators.D.Theyexposeuserstodiverseandchallengingcontent.34.Howdoalgorithmsinfluencemusicians’workondigitalplatforms?A.Byencouragingmusicianstocreatelongersongs.B.Bydiscouragingmusiciansfromusingcatchyhooks.C.Bygivingmusiciansmorecontrolandchoiceovertheirmusic.D.Byrequiringmusicianstocreatetheirworktofittheplatforms.35.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?A.Techcompaniesshouldhavemoredepartments.B.Socialmediaalgorithmsgivecontentcreatorslessopportunities.C.Socialmediaalgorithmsflattenourculturebymakingdecisionsforus.D.Networkplatformshaveincreasedthecommonrecommendationsfor10years.细节理解题细节理解题细节理解题推理判断题阻止某人做某事Characteristicsofseven-optionitems七选五阅读材料特征主题语境人与自我人与社会（常考）人与自然语篇结构文章一般无标题，段落标题或标志有时有总——分(——总)结构常见短文长度约300词(230~320)主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握。（考试说明）通常五六段，有时三四段语篇类型说明文(常考)记叙文/议论文(偶尔考)解题步骤1：分析文章结构（较为常见）2.总-分-总1.总-分语篇结构：解题步骤2:关注选项特点，重点关注核心词

名词，形容词，动词，逻辑词，连词，代词正确选项的结构特点：1.小标题：句式结构与各段一致，与段落主题内容贴合度高；2.主题句（段首题优先做）：①与本段段落内容贴合度高；②段落与段落之间的过渡句（难题）3.段尾（段尾题优先做）①与空格前一句有句间逻辑关系（此类较多）②对本段进行小结（较少）③段落之间衔接（较少）

所选选项要与本段内容贴合度高选项词汇特点1.同词/近义词/同根词/同畴词（上下义词）复现2.逻辑词（选项中的逻辑词或空格后的句子有逻辑词）或考生利用上中下三个句子的关系，推断句间逻辑关系（该类题难度较大）3.代词①选项中出现代词（主语或宾语或介宾）原文空格后出现代词注意1：正确选项可能为：①逻辑词+词汇复现②逻辑词+代词注意2：正确选项代入原文后，上下句的协同性可以通过词汇复现来体现，使上下句出现某一意义的重叠。解题步骤2:关注选项特点，重点关注核心词

名词，形容词，动词，逻辑词，连词，代词冗余选项特点有两个相似的句式（祈使句有出现多个的情况）

（可能产生冗余选项）2.有两个选项出现相同的名词，形容词或动词等

（可能产生冗余选项）3.选项没有特别鲜明的特征，该句子仍然会出现的核心词汇，但有可能核心词汇与空格所在段落无关或者语义与原文相悖或截然相反。（要准确理解选项句意）解题步骤3:冗余选项如何排除语篇5HowtoProtectAgainstUndueInfluenceOnlineThepotentialforundueinfluencehasbecomeincreasinglysignificantinthiseraofdigitalinterconnectivity.Undueinfluencecanaffectourperceptionsandinfluenceourdecisions.Itmayevenendangerourautonomy(自主)andmentalhealth.____36____UnderstandwhatundueinfluenceisThefirststeptoprotectingyourselfisunderstandingwhatundueinfluenceis.Undueinfluencereferstoasituationinwhichanindividualorgroupemploysunreasonablecontroloveranotherperson’sbehaviorinformation,thoughts,andemotions.____37____

Disinformationcampaigns,persuasiveadvertising,andevencontentdesignedtocausefear,uncertainty,ordependencymayoftenappearonline.DevelopmedialiteracyskillsInanageoffakenews,itiscrucialtodevelopmedialiteracyskills.____38____Becomeaconsumerwhocantellthequalityofinformation,identifythesource,checkforcredibility,andlookforyourunconsciousassumptionsandpreferences.____39____Deleteasmuchdataasyoucanaboutyourself.Bemindfulofwhatinformationyoushareonline,andalwaysensurethatyouronlineactivitiesaresecuredthroughreliablesources.Reviewallpoliciesonplatforms,especially“free”ones.Ifyouaren’tpaying,thenyouaretheproduct,asinmanycases,theyaresellingyourdata.Byincludingthesestepsintoyourdigitallife,youcanprotectyourselffromundueinfluenceintheonlineworld,ensuringthatyoucanthinkandactindependently,freefromillcontrol.____40____

It

isyourmind.Onlyyoushouldcontrolit!GDFAEunreasonable文章结构：总分总G.Herearesomeessentialstrategiesforyoutoprotectyourselfonlinefromundueinfluence.D.Inthedigitalworld,undueinfluencecantakemanyforms.F.Theyinvolveanalyzing,evaluating,andcreatingmediainvariousforms.A.PrioritizeprivacyE.Everyonedeservestherighttolivefreefromundueinfluence.A.PrioritizeprivacyB.BemindfuloffreeonesC.It’svitaltohaveahealthyInternetandreal-lifebalance.D.Inthedigitalworld,undueinfluencecantakemanyforms.E.Everyonedeservestherighttolivefreefromundueinfluence.F.Theyinvolveanalyzing,evaluating,andcreatingmediainvariousforms.G.Herearesomeessentialstrategiesforyoutoprotectyourselfonlinefromundueinfluence.注意CharacteristicsofCloze1.体裁上：主要有记叙文、说明文和议论文三种体裁。但大多以叙为主,叙议结合;2.内容上：讲述一个贴近考生实际生活故事，首段交代故事重要信息，末尾进行升华，揭示人生的道理,富有思想性教育性;3.考点上：考察重点多为实词:名/代/动词/形容/副词/连词等；关注语境背景知识,侧重上下文段衔接；考察篇章整体理解，还原完善文章信息的语言能力以及逻辑思维与判断能力。做题步骤：1.通览—速读全文，

把握大意2.试填—紧扣文意，瞻前顾后3.复核—全面检查，连贯准确行文逻辑词义复现生活常识揣摩语境做题技巧：语篇6Smithbroughthisthree-month-oldsonoutforbreakfastoneday.Hewasplayingwithhissonandtendingtohimwhileeating,andjustdoinghis____41____thing.Butthenhenoticeda____42____staringathim.Hewas____43____.“Whatisgoingon?”“Theykept____44____atme,”hewroteinapost.Asit____45____,thestrangerswerejusthappytoseeadadspendingtimewithhisson,andtheyfeltinspiredwhilewatchingthe____46____.Smithhadnowayofknowingthatuntilhepaidforhismeal.Hewasgivenbythewaitera____47____fromthecouple,sayingwhatagreatfatherhewasandthattheywouldliketoleavesome____48____forhismeal.“Todayyourmealisonmywifeandme,”itread.“____49____thatbabyaslongaspossible.TheMasons.”ForSmith,itwasahappymomentofreassurance(认可)andfeeling_____50_____.Hewastouchedbythegenerosityandnotedthathedidn’thaveafatherfiguregrowingup,sospendingthistimewithhissonissuper_____51_____tohim.Hewrotethathe’llsharethis_____52_____withhissonwhenhe’solderandthathewantstoteachhimkindnessandaboutthe_____53_____ofgivingback.“ImakesureI’m_____54_____,”Smithwrapped.“Igetblessed—Iwantto_____55_____someoneelse.”D.regularC.coupleB.confusedC.smilingA.turnsoutA.relationshipB.note B.cashA.EnjoyD.seenA.significantD.storyC.power B.payingitforwardC.bless41.A.unusual B.rare C.big D.regular42.A.stranger B.woman C.couple D.waiter43.A.embarrassed B.confused C.worried D.scared44.A.shouting B.aiming C.smiling D.getting45.A.turnsout B.turnson C.strikesout D.goeson46.A.relationship B.appreciation C.friendship D.instruction47.A.bill B.note C.excuse D.notice48.A.credit B.cash C.change D.fortune49.A.Enjoy B.Share C.Protect D.Cheer50.A.lost B.exposed C.wronged D.seen51.A.significant B.occasional C.grateful D.influential52.A.idea B.breakfast C.joy D.story53.A.feeling B.comfort C.power D.consequence54.A.carryingitthrough B.payingitforward C.makingitup D.puttingitdown55.A.approach B.address C.bless D.watchCharacteristicsofRationalCloze做题步骤：1理解大意通读全文2确定词性分析句子3确定词形根据语义4前后连贯检查搭配语篇7TheChinesezodiac,alsoknownasShengXiaoorShuXiang,isa____56____(repeat)circleof12years.Eachyear____57____(represent)byananimal.ChineseNewYear2024isayearoftheLoong.ChineseZodiacLoongisthe____58____(five)ofthe12zodiacanimals,followingtheRot,Ox,TigerandRabbit.PeoplebornintheyearoftheLoong—ananimalnooneknowsifitexistedinrealworld—areenvelopedinmystery,andverycharming.Backinthepre-Qinperiodover2,200yearsago,therewasalreadytheChinesezodiacsignstheory.Soitis____59____(reason)thatChineseZodiacyearsareinagreementwiththebeginningofChineseLunarNewYear.IfyouhaveanideaofLunarCalendar,youwillknow____60____ChinesezodiacyearoftenstartsfromlateJanuaryandendsinmiddleFebruaryofthenextyear.Therefore,toseewhatyourChinesezodiacanimalis,____61____toconfirmwhetheryouareaLoong,youneedtochangeyourGregoriancalendarbirthdaytoLunarCalendaroftheyearyouwereborn.Forexample,ifyouwereborn____62____February16,1988(ayearoftheLoong),theLunarNewYear’sEve,whichwasveryclosetoLoongyear,butyouareaRabbit.____63____isalsoworthmentioningisthatiftwopeoplewereborninthedifferentLoongyears,theymayhaveverydifferent____64____(personality),andhoroscope,duetotheFiveElements,whichareGold,Wood,Water,Fire,andEarth.Eachelement_____65_____(come)ina60-yearcycle.repeatingisrepresentedfifth

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comesCharacteristicsofpracticalwriting010203篇幅较短，有小标题专有名词较多数字较多做题技巧：1.先看题目2.定位原则3.题序原则专有名词动词，形容词4.同义替换语篇8Mostofushavedreamedofbeingagreatinventortocreatesomethinggreat.However,justbecausesomeone’sinventedsomething,itdoesn’tmeanthatthey’rehappywiththeendresult.AlbertEinstein—TheAtomicBombIt’sAlbertEinstein’sworkthatmadethecreationoftheatomicbombpossible.However,yearslaterEinsteinregrettedhavingsignedalettertoPresidentRoosevelturginghimtosupporttheresearchintonuclearchainreactions,becausehebelievedtheGermanswerealreadyworkingonit.“HadIknownthattheGermanswouldnotsucceedinproducinganatomicbomb,”hesaid,“Iwouldhaveneverliftedafinger.”EthanZuckerman—ThePop-upAdvertisementIfyou’veeverfoundyourselfyellingatyourcomputerscreeninfrustrationasyetanotherpop-upadleapsintoview,Zuckermanisthepersontoblame.“Thebusinessmodelthatgotusfundedwasadvertising.Themodelwasanalyzingusers’personalhomepagessowecouldbettertargetadstothem.Alongtheway,weendedupcreatingoneofthemosthatedtoolsintheadvertiser’stoolkit:thepop-upad,”Zuckermanexplained.BobPropst—TheOfficeCubicleInthe1960s,BobPropstintroducedtheofficecubicletoAmericans.Itwasdesignedto“giveknowledgeworkersamoreflexibleenvironmentthantherat-mazeboxesofoffices”.Companiessawhisinventionasawaytosavemoney,doingawaywithindividualofficesandreplacingthemwithopenplansandcubicles.However,Propstcametocomplainhisinvention.“Thecubiclizingofpeopleinmodemcorporationsisextremelymadandstupid,”hesaid.1．WhataretheinitialpurposeoftheinventionsofthePop-upAdvertisementandtheOfficeCubicle?A．Tosavemoney. B．Toentertaintheusers.C．Tobenefitthecompanies. D．Toimpressthecompanies.2．Whatdothethreeinventionshaveincommon?A．Theirinventorsregrettedtheircreations.B．Theyaredislikedbyallthosewhousethem.C．Theyhavebeenwidelyusedinourdailylife.D．Theinventionscouldsavealotofmoney.3．Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?A．Story. B．Business. C．Education. D．Technology.推理判断题细节理解题细节理解题1.记事类bringoutthetopic点题Ending结局conclusion升华主题2.写人引出人物人物生平、成就等人物影响Development发展beginning开端Climax高潮重难点强调对细节理解的考察Characteristicsofnarrativewriting

记叙文中细节理解题命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的______和__________________层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。故事发展的顺序脉络根据题干和选项信息大胆预测文章内容预测文章内容抓题干定位词锁定命题据根据篇章结构特点快速抓住主旨大意做题技巧：语篇9AsIwashdishesatthekitchensink,myhusband,Scott,pacesbehindme,annoyed.“Haveyouseenmykeys?”heasks.InthepastIwouldhaveturnedoffthetapandjoinedthehuntwhiletryingtocomfortmyhusband.Butthatonlymadehimangrier.Now,Ifocusonthewetdishinmyhands.Idon’tturnaround.Idon’tsayaword.I’musingatechniqueIlearnedfromadolphintrainer.ForabookIwaswritingaboutanimaltrainers’school,Istartedspendingmydayswatchingprofessionaltrainersdotheseeminglyimpossible:teachingdogstodanceoncommandandchimpstoskateboard.Eventuallyithitmethatthesametechniquesmightworkonthatstubbornbutlovablespecies,theAmericanhusband.ThecentrallessonIlearnedisthatIshouldrewardbehaviourIlikeandignorebehaviourIdon’t.Afterall,youdon’tgetasealiontobalanceaballontheendofitsnosebytalking.ThesamegoesfortheAmericanhusband.IbeganthankingScottifhethrewonedirtyshirtintothelaundrybasket.Ifhethrewintwo,I’dkisshim.Iwasusingwhattrainerscall“approximations”,rewardingthesmallstepstowardlearningawholenewbehaviour.WithScottthehusband,Ibegantopraiseeverysmallacteverytime:ifhedrovejustamileanhourslower,orwasontimeforanything.IfollowedthestudentstoSeaWorldSanDiego,whereadolphintrainerintroducedmetoLeastReinforcingScenario(L.R.S.).Whenadolphindoessomethingwrong,thetrainerdoesn’trespondinanyway.Theideaisthatanyresponse,positiveornegative,fuelsabehaviour.Ifabehaviourcausesnoresponse,ittypicallydiesaway.Itwasonlyamatteroftimebeforehewasagainsearchingforhiskeys,atwhichpointIsaidnothingandkeptatwhatIwasdoing.Ittookalotofdisciplinetomaintainmycalm,butresultswereimmediate.IfeltasifIshouldthrowhimasmallfish.4．Whatcanweinferaboutthewriter?A．Shetreatsherhusbandlikeanimals. B．Sheoftenquarrelswithherhusband.C．Shebehavesdifferentlytoherhusband. D．She’sdeterminedtolearnfromthedolphin.5．Howdidthewritergettheideaoftreatingherhusband?A．Byrewardingherhusband. B．Bywritingabookonanimals.C．Byfocusingonwashingthedishes. D．Bywatchingprofessionaltraining.6．Whatwillhappenifthetrainerdoesn’trespondtothedolphin’smistake?A．Itwillforgetthemistake. B．Itwillfeelembarrassed.C．Itwillrememberitsmistake. D．Itwillrepeatthewrongaction.7．Whatisthetoneofthetext?A．Serious. B．Humorous. C．Aggressive. D．Doubtful.细节理解题细节理解题推理判断题推理判断题Characteristicsofexpositorywriting语篇结构：1）介绍描述类被介绍对象+特征1+特征2+特征3+总结2）研究报告类：研究报告的主题（第一二段：问题/现象/旧研究-新研究）+（过程、方法、发现、应用）+专家评议3)新鲜科技类新鲜科技的独特性+过程+原理+用途+前景技巧点拨1：同义替换表达技巧点拨2：关注代词和冒号的用法技巧点拨3：分析词汇的上下义词技巧点拨4：长难句分析，化繁为简技巧点拨5：关注信号