高中英语语法-定语从句-1对1培训辅导教材-高考真题例句

主讲教师：高中高中英语语法-定语从句ATTRIBUTIVECLAUSE目录定义与组成定语从句的分类定语从句的做题步骤关系词的区别常考考点CONTENT定语从句的定义、组成01DefinitionandComposition限制性定语从句定语从句是修饰一个名词或代词的从句，也称关系从句、形容词性从句。什么是定语从句？非限制性定语从句Heistheboywho/thatlikesBeijingOpera.先行词定语从句关系词受定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句③成分作用在定语从句中充当句子成分①连接作用连接主从，引导定语从句②代替作用代替主句中的先行词，甚至可能主句的一部分或整个主句引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系词的作用whose关系代词关系副词关系限定词关系词限定另一名词when

时间where地点why原因状语that人＋物主、宾、表that,

who,whom人that,

which物how方式关系词先行词限定词在从句中的成分名词组成及相关概念as，which句子主宾限制性定语从句限制性、非限制性定语从句表1：who,whom,which,that,whose基本用法作宾语表所属关系作主语指人指物既指人又指物WhoWho/WhomWhose/ofwhomWhichAs（仅非）Whose/ofwhichWhosethat成分Heistheboywho/thatlikesBeijingOpera.Sheisthegirlwho/whom/that/一Iwilltakegoodcareof.Thisisthestudentwhosefatherisourteacher.Thisisthemoviewhich/thatisinteresting.KongfuPandaisafunnymoviewhich/that/一Ilikemost.【主语】【定语所属】【主语】【宾语】【宾语】VVVVV指代人指代物在从句中所作成分表示表2：where,when,why,how基本用法why（forwhich）how（inwhich）where（in/at/under/onwhich）PlaceReasonMethod关系副词when（in/at/duringwhich）Time地点状语原因状语方式状语时间状语IknowtheplacewhereIcanfindhim.IknowthetimewhenIcanfindhim.Iknowthereasonwhyyoucannotfindhim.Thatisbecauseyoudon’tknowthewayhowyoucanfindhim.定语从句的分类02Categories从句对先行词起修饰限定作用从句不可省去主句与从句不用逗号分开从句紧跟先行词从句对先行词起补充说明作用如省去，意思仍完整相当于并列句、状语从句从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句Thisisthehouse(which/that)weboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.这房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。非限制性定语从句：既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句不可用that引导且关系代词不可省略代替整个主句时，关系词相当于andthis或andthatHeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.

他似乎没领会我的意思,这使我心烦。Hemissedtheshow,whichwasreallyagreatpity.他错过了演出，这真是很大的遗憾。当先行词是地名、人名、世界上独一无二的事物或家庭唯一成员时，通常只用非限制性定语从句修饰。1.Hisfather,whoworksinBeijing,camebackyesterday.2.Shanghai,whichisinEastChina,isdevelopingquickly.表达数量或定位的数词或代词，如：all/some/one/both/neither/none/any/either/any等可与of构成介词词组修饰限制先行词先行词在其后的定语从句中作介词的宾语，关系代词不可用thatHehastoldusmanystories,allofwhichareaboutthefamousLongMatch.ThestudentsofClass1,someofwhomcamefromJapan,wentcampingyesterday.先行词指人则用whom，先行词指物则用which2.Inthosedays,sheusedtogotoMr.

Black,with_____shehadawonderfultime.whichwhom1.Thefamousbasketballstar,___comesfromAmerica,willvisitourschoolsoon.3.Iboughtacaryesterday,_____costmealot.Practicewho5.HewillcometoseemenextJuly,_____hewon’tbesobusy.4.Xi’an,______Ivisitedlastyear,isaniceoldcity.whichwhen6.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,_____cameasasurprise.8.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.9.Itrainedhardyesterday,_____preventedmefromgoingtothepark.whichwhichwhichPractice7.Theschool,_____Ioncestudied,wasbuiltthirtyyearsago.where①as引导限定性定从在从句中作定语、表语或状语构成thesame…as,such…as等结构②as引导非限制性定从as在从句中作主语、表语或宾语说明整个句子，可放在主句之前③as与which的区别which从句不能放在句首，而as从句能句中时，as有“正如，就象”之意，which无As引导定语从句Ilikethesamebookasyoudo.(as作宾语)Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.(as作状语)Iwanttohavesuch

adictionaryashehas.（as作宾语）Asweknow,hestudiesveryhard.(as作宾语)Asisknowntoall,heisthebeststudentinourclass.(as作主语)Practice定语从句的做题步骤03Steps判定是否为定语从句确定关系词，3大依据0102主句与从句的从属关系标准：主句完整，先行词在从句中充当成分Step1，判定是否为定语从句Thenewsthatourfootballteamwonthematchwasencouraging.Thenewsthatweheardontheradiowasnottrue.从句完整，不缺成分，不是定语从句，是同位语从句从句不完整，缺宾语成分，是定语从句V（1）先找先行词，看先行词指的是什么（2）把先行词带入到从句中，看它在从句中担任的成分Step2，确定关系词的3大依据人、物时间、地点、原因、状态主、宾定语状语（3）根据从句的限制和非限制性Aperson

e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mail.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever1，先行词是person，指人2，把先行词带入从句中，person’se-mailaccountisfull，在从句中做定语C.whoseA.whereB.whenC.whichD.whoThefamousbasketballstar,____triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.1，先行词是Star，指人2，把先行词带入从句中，basketballstartriedtomakeacomeback，在从句中做定语D.whoA.whereB.whichC.whenD.that——Whatdoyouthinkofteaching,Bob?——Ifinditfunandinteresting.Itisajob____youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.1，先行词是Job，指物2，把先行词带入从句中，youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinterestinginthejob，在从句中做地点状语A.where关系词的区别04RelativewordsWeweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandschoolsthatwehadvisited.I’lltellyoueverythingthatIsawintheUnitedStates.ThefirststudentthatputuphandswasZhangPing.Whoisthegirlthatyoutalkedto?Heisnolongerthemanthathewasinouruniversity.只能用that情况（5）1.先行词既有指人又有指物2.先行词为everything,something,anything,nothing等不定代词；3.先行词被数词，形容词最高级及thevery,theonly,thelastno,any,all,some,every,few等修饰；4.主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句5.先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语；ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtenyearsago.Iwilltellyouthatwhichhesaidyesterday.Ihavelostmymobilephone,whichisboughtbymyfather.LetmeshowyouthebookthatIboughtfromtheshopwhichisnearmyhome.只能用which情况（4）1.关系代词前有介词时用which;2.先行词本身是that时用which;3.引导非限制性定语从句时；4.在一个句子中有两个定语从句，前一个用that的话，另一个就用which.Hedidn’tpasstheexam,aswehadexpected.Thereislotsofairinloosesnow,whichcankeepthecoldout.Asisknown,theearthisround,notflat.which和as的区别意义上：as含有“这点正如……一样”。位置上：as从句可置句首，也可在另处。小结：六个常考知识点05Keypoints连接词不能省略，不用that1.非限制性定语从句2.关系代词可以省略的情况3.介词/介词短语+which①宾语+②限制性定语从句+③非介词+whom/which结构相当于where/when，介词选择看搭配非限制介词须提前，限制性介词可置后Hewaseducatedatalocalhighschool,____hewentontoBeijingUniversity.afterwhichafterthatC.inwhichD.inthatA.afterwhichARecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,___wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhoseB4.as,which代表主句5.定语从句的主谓一致6.Where做状语表示抽象概念As:位置灵活，常被动Which:主句之后定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致as,which引导非限制性定语从句，若as,which作从句主语，则从句的谓语动词用单数Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer_____sheneededtodecidewhattodo.whereHismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilm