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综合模拟预测卷(四)本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.HowwillMarygotoschooltoday? A.Bybike. B.Bycar. C.Onfoot.2.Whencanthewomangetthecomputers? A.OnTuesday. B.OnWednesday. C.OnThursday.3.Wherearethetwospeakers? A.Atthecinema. B.Attheairport. C.Attherailwaystation.4.Whattimeisitnow? A.It's5:35. B.It's6:15. C.It's6:40.5.Whydoesn'tthewomanlikeherjob? A.Becauseit'sdifficult. B.Becauseit'sdirty. C.Becauseit'sdull.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whyisthewomanworriedabouthersister? A.Sheisn'ttalentedinart. B.Shewillhaveapoorlifeinthefuture. C.Shecan'tbeanartistinthefuture.7.What'stheman'sopinion? A.Everytradehasitsmaster. B.Peopleshoulddowhattheylike. C.Choosingacareerismoreimportantthanmakingmoney.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whendidthewoman'slicensestopbeingvalid(有效的)? A.2daysago. B.4daysago. C.7daysago.9.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace? A.Inthepolicestation. B.Inthegarage. C.Inabank.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Wherearethetwospeakers? A.Intheclassroom. B.Intheirhouse. C.Inthelibrary.11.Whatdotheyrealizethattheyshouldn'tdo? A.Watchtheshowinsteadofdoinghomework. B.Criticizetheteacherinfrontoftheclass. C.Saybadwordsbehindone'sback.12.Whatwillthemandofirst? A.Havesupper. B.Finishthehomework. C.Takeabath.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whenarethespeakersgoingtoplaybasketball? A.OnSunday. B.OnSaturday. C.OnFriday.14.WhatdoesJanelikedoingmostofthetime? A.Playingtennis. B.Goingoutwithherfriends. C.Playingbasketball.15.Wholike(s)goingtobars? A.Jane. B.SomeofTom'sfriends. C.SomeofJane'sfriends.16.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation? A.Janedoesn'tliketabletennisatall. B.TabletennisisaspopularintheUKasitisinChina. C.Janehasstoppedplayingtabletennisforalongtime.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whenwasthesurveycarriedout? A.Severalmonthsago. B.Severalweeksago. C.Severaldaysago.18.Whatwasthescoreforfriendlinessasawhole? A.8outof10. B.7outof10. C.6outof10.19.What'ssuggestedtoimprovefriendliness? A.Usingsomegoodphrases. B.Askingthecaller'sname. C.Removingholdmusic.20.Whatisprobablythespeaker? A.Acustomer. B.Amanager. C.Aninterviewer.听力原文Text1W:Dad,somethingiswrongwithmybike.Wouldyoupleasedrivemetoschooltoday?M:Noproblem,Mary.Let'sgo.Text2W:Now,canwegetthecomputersbeforeWednesday?M:Well,itdepends.Ifitislessthan10kilometers,wecandeliverthemonTuesday.Butifit'sfartheraway,they'llbeonThursday.Whereisyouroffice?W:Justaroundthecorner.Text3W:Whyhasn'tourflightarrivedyet?M:Itmusthavebeendelayedbytheheavystorm.Bepatient.Itwillbearrivingsoon.Text4W:Theplaneleavesat6:15.Wehavetimetoeatfirst.M:No.Weonlyhave40minutesleft.Text5M:What'syourjob?W:I'masecretaryinanoffice.M:Oh!Doyouenjoyit?W:No,Idon'treallylikeit.It'sboring.Text6W:Hey,Adam.I'mworriedaboutmysisterCourtney.She'sincollegeandhasjustdeclaredartashermajor.M:Whydoesthatworryyou?I'veseenherstuff.She'sverytalented.W:Iknow.ButI'mafraidthatonceshegraduatesshewon'tbeabletomakeendsmeet.Mostartistsonlymakeabout60percentofwhattheaverageworkermakesayear.Plus,it'sharderforartmajorstofindafull-timejob.Butshedoesn'tseemtooconcerned.M:Butyou'reforgettingthatthere'smoretochoosingacareerthanmakingmoney.Text7M:Thereisjustoneproblem,madam.Yourdriver'slicenseisnolongervalid.W:What?M:Yes.Todayisthe19th,andyourdriver'slicensewasvalidthroughthe17th.I'mafraidwecan'tacceptit.DoyouhaveanotherformofID?W:Notwithme.Mypassportisathome,butthat's30minutesaway.M:Idoapologize,butthisisourpolicy.Ifyouwanttocontinuewithyourdeposit,youmighthavetogohomeandgetit.W:That'sOK.I'lljustcomebacktomorrowwithmypassport.Ineedtotrytogetanewlicensenow.Otherwise,Iwon'tbeabletodrivehome!Text8W:Homeatlast.Tonightwehavealotofhomeworkthough.M:Areyousayingwedon'thavetimetowatchourfavoriteshowtonight?Jane,youknowIreallydon'tlikeourteacherallthatmuch.Hegivesfartoomuchhomework.Hecriticizesmeinfrontofeveryoneallthetime.W:Totellthetruth,Idon'treallylikehimeither.He'skindofboringandnotveryactive.Healwayslooksunhappytoo.M:Yes,andhealso...W:Doyouthinkweshouldbetalkingabouthimlikethisbehindhisback?M:Probablynot.Afterallheisourteacher.Weshouldtrytofindsomethingnicetosay.Ifyoucan'tsaysomethingniceyoushouldn'tsayanythingatall.W:Iabsolutelyagree.It'sgettingdark.Weshouldfinishourhomeworknow.M:Allright.Iwanttotakeashowerfirst,I'mexhausted.Text9M:Hey,Jane!WhatareyoudoingonSaturday?W:Hey,Tom!Nothingspecial.Why?M:Well,somefriendsandIareplanningtoplaybasketballtogether.Justjoinusifyou'reinterestedin.W:Wonderful!Iloveplayingbasketball,thoughI'mnotaverygoodplayer.M:Don'tworry.NoneofusisYaoMing,either!Whatelsedoyoulikedoing,bytheway?W:Besidesbasketball,Ialsolikeplayingtennis.ButmostofthetimeIjustlikegoingoutwithmyfriendsinmysparetime.M:Whatkindofthingdoyoudotogether?W:Welikegoingshopping,goingswimmingorsometimeswegotothecinema.Ireallylikelisteningtomusic.Youknow,someofmyfriendslikegoingtobarsornightclubs.Whataboutyou?M:NormallymyfriendsandIplaysportstogethersuchasfootball,basketball,orsometimestabletennis.Whatdoyouthinkoftabletennis?W:It'sOKtome.I'vestoppedplayingitforalongtime.It'saverygoodsport,butit'snotaspopularintheUKasitisinChina.M:Whataboutplayingagametogethersometime?W:OK,thoughIthinkyou'resuretowinthegame.M:We'llsee!Ihavetorunnow.SeeyouSaturday.Twoo'clockattheschoolgate.W:Well,seeyouthen!Text10M:So,ifeveryoneishere,I'llmakeastart.Asyouknow,afewmonthsagoweaskedsomeconsultantstodoasurveyofthewayweanswerthetelephoneacrossthegroup.Theytelephonedourofficesandmadeenquiriesascustomersnormallywould.Now,I'llbeginwithwhattheyfoundout.Firstofall,theyfoundoutthatonaverageweanswerthephoneafterfourrings,whichisn'tbad,butwecanstillimproveonit.Secondly,friendliness.Now,althoughsomeofficesscoredashighas8outof10forfriendliness,theconsultantsonlygavethecompanyasawhole6outof10.Onthispoint,theysuggestedthatweusesomegoodphrasesonthephone.Ithinkwecanchoosesomenewholdmusicaswell.Andfinally,efficiency.Nowhere,wedidquitewell.However,therewereoneortwonegativepointswhichwestillhavetoworkon,suchasalwaysrememberingtoaskthecaller'sname.So,weneedtodoalotofwork.答案1.B2.A3.B4.A5.C6.B7.C8.A9.C10.B11.C12.C13.B14.B15.C16.C17.A18.C19.A20.B第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。A“Burp!”Youcoveryourmouthwithyourhand,butit'stoolate.Thepeopleatthenexttableinthelunchroomhavealreadyheard.Asyouturnbacktoyoursoda,youthink:Wheredidthatburpcomefrom?Aburp—sometimescalledabelch—isnothingbutgas.Whenyoueatordrink,youdon'tjustswallowfoodorliquid.Youalsoswallowairatthesametime.Theairwebreathecontainsgases,likenitrogenandoxygen.Sometimeswhenyouswallowthesegases,theyneedtogetout.That'swhereburpingcomesin!Extragasisforcedoutofthestomach,upthroughtheesophagus(thetubeforfoodthatconnectsthebackofthethroattothestomach),andoutofthemouthasaburp.Somekidsfindthatdrinkingsodaorothercarbonateddrinksmakesthemburpmore.Canyouguesswhy?Ifyou'rethinkingthatit'sbecausethesedrinkscontainextragas,you'reright!Thegasthatmakesthedrinksfizzy(冒气泡的)iscarbondioxide,anothergasthatcanbringonbigburps.Sometimeseatingordrinkingtoofastcanmakeapersonburpbecausethiscansendextraairintothestomach.Thesamethinghappenswhenyoudrinkthroughastraw:extraairin,moreburpsout.Burpingisalmostneveranythingtoworryabout.Everybodydoesitatleastonceinawhile,andit'sveryunusualforburpingtomeansomethingiswronginakid'sbody.Itseemsliketheonlypeoplewhocangetawaywithreallyloudburpsarelittlebabies—theirparentscheerwhentheyburpbecauseitmeansthatthebabieswon'tfeeltheextragasintheirstomachsandcry.Butunlessyou'retinyandbald,it'sprobablyagoodideatobepolitewhenit'stimetoburp.Sowhatcanyoudoifyou'rearoundpeopleandyoufeelaburpcomingon?Trytoburpquietlyandcoveryourmouth.Ofcourse,whetheryourburpisloudorquiet,saying“excuseme”can'thurteither.【语篇解读】本文分析了打嗝的原因,并就打嗝时应注意的礼节提出了合理的建议。21.Whatwillhappenwhenweeatanddrink? A.Airgetsintothestomach. B.Otherpeoplecanhearus. C.Gasisforcedoutofthebody. D.Wecannothelpburping. 答案A[细节理解题。由第三段可知,人在吃饭时不仅吃下食物或喝下饮料,而且同时也吞下一些气体,故选A项。]22.Whatcanwedoifwehavetoburpinpublic? A.Weshouldtrytoactasatinyandbaldbaby. B.Weshouldburpquietlyandcoverourmouth. C.Weshouldlookaroundbeforeburpingloudly. D.Weshoulddrinkabottleofsodaveryquickly. 答案B[细节理解题。由最后一段第二句可知,人在公共场所打嗝时应尽量声音低些并捂住嘴。故选B项。]23.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat________. A.parentswillcheerwhenbabiesburp B.ifababyburps,itsparentswillworry C.drinkscontainingextragasarebadforhealth D.eatingordrinkingtoofastcanstoponeburping 答案A[推理判断题。由倒数第二段第一句可知,当婴儿打嗝时,父母是高兴的。故选A项。B项错误,C、D两项在文中没有出现。]BWhetheronTVortheradio,talkshowhostscanbethecenterofsomeofthemostpopularprogramsontheair.Sometimesthetalkshowcentersontheopinionofthehostalone,whileothersfeatureguestsinaninterviewingstyle.Thefirsttelevisedtalkshowappearedin1951andwashostedbyradiocelebrity(名人)JoeFranklin.Sincethen,severaltalkshowhostshavealsoachievedcelebritystatus.SteveAllenSteveAllenhostedapopularradioshowinthe1950s,makingtheleap(转行)totheNBCnetworkin1954.Allenpioneeredmanyofthefeaturesthatappearonmodernnight-timetalkshows,includingcelebrityguests,man-on-the-streetinterviewsandinteractionwiththeaudience.HehostedTheTonightShowfrom1954to1957beforemovingontodomoretelevision,writingandacting.JohnnyCarsonCertainlythekingofthelate-nighttalkshowsisJohnnyCarson,withanimpressive30-yearcareeratTheTonightShow(1962to1992):Hiscomedictalentandlikeablepersonalitymadetheshowoneofthemostpopulartalkshowsofalltime.LarryKingFromhisyearsasayoungreportertotheinternationallyrecognizedhostoftheLarryKingLiveshow,Kinghasinterviewedfamousandinfamouspeoplefornearly50years.Hisseriousinterviewstyleandaccesstoworld-famousleaders,celebritiesandscientistshaveearnedhimmanygreathonors.RushLimbaughTheconservative(保守的)viewsofLimbaughhavegreatinfluenceontheradiowavessince1988.Hisshowisthehighestratedtalkshowinthecountry,consistingofLimbaugh'stalksoncurrentevents,politicalhappeningsandinteractionwithcallers.EdwardR.MurrowAninfluentialfigureinthebroadcastjournalism(新闻广播)world,Murrowcreatedandhostedseveralpoliticaltalkshowsoverhiscareer,includingHearItNow(1950-1951),SeeItNow(1952-1958)andSmallWorld(1958-1960).【语篇解读】本文主要向读者介绍了美国几个著名的脱口秀节目主持人。24.ThesimilaritybetweenSteveAllenandJohnnyCarsonisthat________. A.theybothhostedlate-nighttalks B.theybothhad30years'workexperience C.theybothhostedTheTonightShow D.theybothdidwellinman-on-the-streetinterviews 答案C[细节理解题。根据第二段“HehostedTheTonightShowfrom1954to1957”及第三段“withanimpressive30-yearcareeratTheTonightShow”可知,SteveAllen和JohnnyCarson都主持过TheTonightShow。]25.WhatmaybeJohnnyCarson'shostingstyleatTheTonightShow? A.Humorous. B.Boring. C.Serious. D.Clear. 答案A[推理判断题。根据第三段“Hiscomedictalentandlikeablepersonalitymadetheshowoneofthemostpopulartalkshowsofalltime.”可知,他的喜剧天分和可爱的个性让他的节目深受观众的喜爱,从中可以推断出他的主持风格非常幽默。]26.BeforeLarryKinghostedtheLarryKingLiveshow,hewas________. A.anartist B.ascientist C.areporter D.awriter 答案C[细节理解题。根据第四段“Fromhisyearsasayoungreporter”可知,在做主持人之前,LarryKing是一名记者。]27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage? A.HearItNowisaveryfamousshowaboutmusic. B.RushLimbaughhasagreatinfluenceonAmerica'spopularculture. C.EdwardR.Murrowwasn'tgoodatshowsexceptpoliticaltalkshows. D.ThetalkshowshostedbyRushLimbaughwereverypopular. 答案D[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Hisshowisthehighestratedtalkshowinthecountry”可知,RushLimbaugh主持的谈话类节目在全国收视率最高。由此可推知,RushLimbaugh主持的谈话类节目很受欢迎。]CMassesoffloatingicearesolargethattheydwarf__your__ship,makingyouquestionwhetheryourshipstillcanbespottedamongsuchfloatingmountains.Theyaresoimprobablelookingthatyousimplylookinwonder.Itseemsthatnothingthatlargecouldbenatural—andthenitstrikesyouthatsomethingsolargecouldonlybenatural.Now,peoplerealizethatasclimatechangeisraisingglobaltemperatures,moreicebergsarebeingborn.AntarcticacreatesfarmoreofthemthanGreenland,thesourceofbergsinArcticwaters.Antarctica'sarealsomuchlarger,sometimesreachingthesizeofsmallcountries.Recentdatashowtheaverageatmospherictemperaturehasincreasedabout4.5inthewesternAntarcticPeninsulasincethe1940s,makingtheregion,amongthefastestwarmingonearth.ThisjumphasbeenshownintherecentbreakingofmajoriceshelvesalongtheAntarcticPeninsula.Asaresult,thousandsofnewicebergshavebrokenoff,fromiceshelvesintotheSouthernOceanatanacceleratedrate.Evenasmoreicebergsarebeingcreated,scientistsarelearningthattheyarefarfrominactivemassesofice.Infact,theystrikinglyaltertheirenvironmentsbiologically,chemically,andphysically,makingthemislandsoflifeintheopensea.Observersatseahavelongremarkedthattheyattractseals,andseabirds,anddivershavenoticedthatfisharemorenumerousnearthemthaninthesurroundingsea.Nowscientistsarelearningjustwhattheattractionisallabout.Dependingontheirsize,location,andtheseason,icebergscanbenurturers(培养者)ordestroyers.Duringtheirexistence—typicallyyearsfrombreakingofffromanAntarcticorGreenlandicglaciertotheirgradualmeltingastheyfloatintoloweraltitudes,theysupportanimalson,around,eveninsidetheirsplendidicecastle.Theyfertilizetheoceanwithnutrients,increasingseacreatureproduction.Groundedbergscanshelterareasoftheseafloor,protectingbottom-livingcreaturesfromfree-floatingicebergs.However,largebergscanalsotrapseaice,preventingitsannualbreakupandthusstoppingphytoplankton(浮游植物)fromgettinglife—givingsunlight,breakingthefoodchainatitsfirstlink.Icebergswillcontinuetoastonishandattractvisitorstothepolarregions.Butnowthesefrozenlargemassesaretakingonanewdimensionofwonderasweuncovertheirvitalroleintheenvironmentofpolarseas.Nolongercanwelookaticebergsasmerepassivewhitemountainsfloatinginthesea.Theyareactiveagentsofchange,eachoneisanicyoasiswithawakeoflifeasitfloatsonitsunstoppableoceanicjourneytomelting.【语篇解读】本文为说明文,介绍了随着全球气温不断上升,冰山数量不断增多。冰山的增多从生物、化学、物理等多个方面改变着环境,对海洋既有利也有弊。28.Whydoestheauthormention“dwarf__your__ship”inthefirstparagraph? A.Toexplainhownaturalicebergsare. B.Toshowhowpowerfulicebergsare. C.Todescribeicebergsasfloatingships. D.Totelltheunbelievablesizeoficebergs. 答案D[推理判断题。根据第一段第一句Massesoffloatingicearesolargethattheydwarfyourship,makingyouquestion...suchfloatingmountains.可知作者是想表达冰山难以置信得大。]29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage? A.ThetemperatureinArcticisrisingfasterthanthatinAntarctica. B.Theoceanfoodchainbreaksduetothemeltingoficebergs. C.Floatingicebergshelpshelterbottom-livingoceancreatures. D.Globalwarminghaskeptbringingicebergsintobeing. 答案D[细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知D项正确。根据第二段第四句...theaverageatmospherictemperature...amongthefastestwarmingonearth.可知A项错误;根据第四段第四句Groundedbergscan...fromfreefloatingicebergs可知C项错误;根据第四段第五句However,largebergs...atitsfirstlink.可知B项不正确。]30.Fromthepassagewecanconcludethaticebergscan________. A.preserveoceancreatures B.carryoceannutrientsaway C.createawarmpolarenvironment D.keepseaanimalsawayfrompolarseas 答案A[细节理解题。根据第四段第三句Theyfertilizetheoceanwithnutrients,increasingseacreatureproduction.可知A项正确。]31.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardicebergs? A.Cautious. B.Objective. C.Doubtful. D.Disapproving. 答案B[推理判断题。通读全文可知作者只是在客观描述事实,并未表达任何个人观点,因此B项正确。cautious意为“谨慎的”;doubtful意为“怀疑的”;disapproving意为“不赞成的”。]DForthefirsttime,cloningtechnologyhasbeenusedtocreatestem(干)cellsthataregeneticallymatchedtoadultpatients.Fearnot:Nolegalscientistisinthebusinessofcloninghumans.Butclonedembryos(胚胎)canbeusedasasourceforstemcellsthatmatchapatientandcanproduceanycelltypeinthatperson.Researchersintwostudieshavecreatedhumanembryosforthispurpose.Usuallyanembryoformswhenasperminseminatesanegg(精子使卵子受孕);inthiscase,scientistsputthenucleusofanadultskincellinsideanegg,andthatreconstructedegggoesthroughtheoriginalstagesofembryonicdevelopment.“Thisisadreamthatwe'vehadinthestemcellfield,”saidJohnGearhart,professorattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Gearhartfirstcameupwiththisapproachforpatient-specificstemcellgenerationintheearly1990sbutwasnotinvolvedintherecentstudies.Stemcellshavethepotentialtodevelopintoanykindoftissueinthehumanbody.Fromgrowingorganstotreatingdiseaseslikediabetes(糖尿病),manyfuturemedicaladvancesarehopedtoarisefromstemcells.Scientistsusedskincellsfromaman,35,andanotherman,75,tocreatestemcellsfromclonedembryos.“Itispossibletoproducepatient-specificstemcellsusingnucleustransfertechnologyregardlessofthepatient'sage,”saidco-leadauthorYoungGieChungattheCHAStemCellInstituteinSeoul,SouthKorea.AnindependentgroupledbyscientistsattheNewYorkStemCellFoundationResearchInstitutepublishedresultsin“Nature”usingananalogousapproach.Theyusedskincellsfroma32-year-oldwomanwithType1diabetestocreatestemcellsmatchedtoher.Bothreportsfollowedthegroundbreakingresearchpublishedin2013byShoukhratMitalipovandcolleaguesatOregonHealth&ScienceUniversityinthejournal“Cell”.Inthatstudy,researcherscreatedclonedembryosandstemcellsusingskincellsfromanembryoandan8-month-oldbaby.“It'saremarkableprocessthatgivesusthesemastercells,whicharetheseedsforallofthetissuesinourbodies,”saidGeorgeDaley,directoroftheStemCellTransplantationProgramatBostonChildren'sHospital,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudies.“That'swhyit'ssoimportantformedicalresearch.”【语篇解读】克隆技术已经被科学家用来制造干细胞。32.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus? A.Cloninghasbeenusedtocurediseases. B.Cloninghasbeenusedtomakestemcells. C.Cloninghasbeenusedtomakenewborns. D.Cloninghasbeenusedtocreatehumanbeings. 答案B[主旨大意题。文章开篇点题——“Forthefirsttime,cloningtechnologyhasbeenusedtocreatestemcellsthataregeneticallymatchedtoadultpatients.”可知,本文主要讲述了克隆技术被用来制造干细胞。]33.Scientistschosea75-year-oldmanasasubjectjustto________. A.showage'simportance B.testthelimitofage C.shownoagelimit D.benefittheold 答案C[推理判断题。根据第三段“Itispossibletoproducepatient-specificstemcellsusingnucleustransfertechnologyregardlessofthepatient'sage”可知,使用细胞核转移技术制造病人特定的干细胞是可能的,无论病人的年龄有多大,由此可知,科学家选择75岁的老人的皮肤细胞来做实验是证明该项研究年龄并没有局限。]34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“analogous”mean? A.Strange B.Different C.Similar D.Difficult 答案C[词义猜测题。根据上文第三段“Scientistsusedskincellsfromaman,35,andanotherman,75,tocreatestemcellsfromclonedembryos.”和画线词下文“Theyusedskincellsfroma32-year-oldwomanwithType1diabetestocreatestemcellsmatchedtoher.”可知,这两项研究都是利用人的皮肤细胞来制造干细胞,科学家们使用的是类似的方法。]35.Whodidtheresearchontheyoungestsubject? A.YoungGieChung. B.JohnGearhart. C.GeorgeDaley. D.ShoukhratMitalipov. 答案D[细节理解题。根据第四段“Bothreportsfollowedthegroundbreakingresearchpublishedin2013byShoukhratMitalipov...andstemcellsusingskincellsfromanembryoandan8-month-oldbaby.”可知,ShoukhratMitalipov在那项研究中,从一个胚胎和一个8个月大的婴儿身上获取了皮肤细胞制造了克隆胚胎和干细胞。因此,他的实验对象是最小的。]第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowcanIfightlaziness?Lazypeoplewillneveramounttoanythinginlife.However,lazinesscanbedefeatedonceafewchangeshavebeenmadeinyourmind.__36__Manypeoplelacksleepconstantly,sincetheystayuptoolateandgetuptooearlytoprepareforwork.Thesepeoplehavelittlemotivationoncetheyarrivehome.Lazinessworkshandinhandwithalackofmotivationandatendencytoprocrastinate(拖延).Byadjustingyoursleepscheduletoprovideafewmorehoursofmeaningfulrest,youcanfightlazinessthroughouttheday.Anotherwaytofightlazinessistochangeyourmindfrompassivetoactive.Somepeopletreattheirlivesasiftheywerepushedfromprojecttoproject.Otherstakeamoreproactiveapproach,viewingeachprojectortaskasachallengetheymustovercomealone.__37__Somepeoplefightlazinessbyremovingthetemptations(诱惑)thatsurroundthem.Atelevisioninthelivingroommayprovideentertainment,butwatchingtoomuchTVoftenpromoteslaziness.Createarewardsystemforyourself,justasparentsdoforachildtopromoteresponsibility.Completeacertainnumberofchoresandrewardyourselfwithagooddinner.__38____39__Spouses(配偶)andchildrenmayallhavedifferentenergylevels,butlazinesscanbespreadifnotaddressedpromptly.Tofighthouseholdlaziness,leadbyexample.Bethefirsttocollectandwashdishesafterameal.Othersinthehomemayeventuallyfollowyourexampleandperformtheirownchores.Itisdifficulttopracticelazinesswhenyouaresurroundedbymotivatedpeople.__40__Enoughexerciseandabalanceddietcanhelpyoutodevelopahealthylifestyle,thusenablingyoutohavemoreenergyandhelpboostyourmood.A.Knowinghowtofightlazinessisimportant.B.Onewaytofightlazinessistogetenoughsleep.C.Lazinesscanalsobealastingproblemathome.D.Ifyouhaveahobby,celebrateaftercompletingaproject.E.Finally,takingexerciseregularlycanhelpyoufightlaziness.F.Withstrongdetermination,youwillbeabletoachieveyourgoal.G.Lazinesssetsinwhenyounolongerfeelinchargeofyourownlife.【语篇解读】本文介绍了克服懒惰的有效方法。36.B[下文说很多人总是缺少睡眠,由于要为工作做准备他们晚上熬得太晚并且早上起床太早。由此可知答案为B。克服懒惰的一种方法是要有充足的睡眠。]37.G[本段介绍了克服懒惰的另一种方法,即培养积极的心态。最后一句对上文进行了总结:在你认为自己无法掌控自己生活的时候,懒惰就会趁机出现。]38.D[总结上文,用自我奖励的方法来鼓励自己。本句意思为:如果你有一种爱好,那么就可以在完成一个目标后庆祝一下。]39.C[下文说懒惰在配偶和孩子之间可能会相互传染。因此,本段的主题句意:懒惰也可能成为家庭生活中的一个持续的问题。]40.E[本段强调充足的体育锻炼能起到巨大的作用,因此答案为E。段首句意:经常锻炼能够帮助你克服懒惰。]第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihadmyfirstchocolatebaratfiveyearsold.I'llneverforgetthedelicioustaste.Butthesituationwasanythingbut__41__.ItwasWorldWarⅡ.Manypeopleinourvillagefledinpanic.Only__42__wereallowedtoboardthetrain.Justbeforedeparture,awomantravelingalonepulledmeontothetraintogetthe__43__.TheentiretripIcriedformymother.WearrivedinHamburg.Nowthatthewomanhadescaped,shehadnomore__44__forme.Ilivedonthestreets,survivingby__45__food.I'dslipintothemesshall,hideunderatableand__46__offwithloavesoffreshbread.OneafternoonasI__47__nearatentinsearchoffood,ahugehandliftedmeup__48__thecollar.ItwasanAmericansoldier.“Gotyou!”heshouted.Iwas__49__,andIcouldseeitupsethim.“It's__50__,kid,”hesaid.Hereachedintohisjacketandhandedmea__51__.Iunwrappeditandtookabite.IthoughtI'dgoneto__52__.Fouryearslater,Iwastakenbythesoldiertoanorphanage(孤儿院)inAmerica.Soonafter,afamilywholivedinPennsylvania__53__me.Later,Ijoinedthearmy,andthenattended__54__.EventuallyIearnedamaster'sdegreeinclinicalsocialwork.Iwantto__55__backallthepeoplewhoweresogoodtome,Iprayed.Soin1983Iwenttoworkasaclinicaladviser,treatingretired__56__whosufferfrompost-warstresssyndrome.ThetroubledsoldierswonderedhowIcanpossibly__57__themorhelpeasetheirpain.Thatis__58__Itellthemmystory,andaboutthesoldiersenttosavemylife.Ineverdidlearnhisname,butIrememberhis__59__.AndthenIopenedadrawerinmydeskthatisalwaysfulland__60__themsomechocolate.【语篇解读】一个人的一生不会是一帆风顺的。不管你经历了惊涛骇浪,还是小小的考验,只要活下来就是幸运的,离幸福也只有一步之遥。带着一颗感恩的心,去生活、去与人交往,坚持自己心中的梦想与承诺,就定能为他人带去一点快乐、给自己的心灵一丝安慰。41.A.bitter B.sweet C.strange D.familiar 答案B[由下文“ItwasWorldWarⅡ”可知,巧克力棒的味道是甜美的,但是形势却不乐观。]42.A.women B.children C.troops D.families 答案D[由下文一位妇女为了上车把作者拉上可知,当时只有一个家庭才可以上火车。下文的“travelingalone”也是暗示。]43.A.chance B.money C.prize D.reward 答案A[结合上下文,可知这位妇女拉上作者是为了获得坐上火车逃跑的机会。]44.A.likeB.roomC.useD.time 答案C[现在,那个女人已经逃离了,她就开始讨厌作者了。havenousefor“讨厌……”。]45.A.sellingB.beggingC.makingD.stealing 答案D[由下文“I'dslipintothemesshall,hideunderatableand...”可知作者是靠偷食物谋生的。]46.A.leaveB.makeC.takeD.turn 答案B[作者溜进脏乱的食堂,藏在一张桌子底下,然后带着长条面包离开。makeoff“逃离”;动词leave表示离开时,无需再用off。]47.A.wandered B.slept C.hid D.played 答案C[结合上下文可知作者是靠偷食物谋生,因此他的动作应是“藏”在帐篷附近。]48.A.byB.onC.inD.through 答案A[表示揪某人衣领时,常用“动词+某人+bythecollar”。这时有一只大手抓住作者的衣领把作者拎了起来。]49.A.excited B.amused C.alarmed D.scared 答案D[作者害怕极了。偷东西被抓心里肯定担心害怕(scared)。]50.A.fine B.okay C.serious D.common 答案B[根据“Hereachedintohisjacket...tookabite”可知,这位士兵非常友好,不仅没有责怪作者,反而给他东西吃。因此此处用“okay”。]51.A.icecream B.candy C.chocolatebar D.cookie 答案C[结合全文尤其是第一段以及最后一段,可知这位士兵给作者吃的是一根巧克力棒。]52.A.heaven B.hell C.prison D.hospital 答案A[作者不仅没有受到惩罚,反而有东西吃,所以感觉非常好,就像进入了天堂。]53.A.adapted B.rejected C.employed D.adopted 答案D[由语境可知,作者被送到孤儿院后,一个家庭收养了他。]54.A.churchB.collegeC.patientsD.clubs 答案B[由下文“EventuallyIearnedamaster'sdegreeinclinicalsocialwork”可知作者上了大学。]55.A.takeB.callC.payD.bring 答案C[作者祈祷说,他要报答所有帮助过自己的人。paybac
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