2020年7月英语六级真题pdf

【六级真题作文题目】Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofteamspiritandcommunicationintheworkplace.Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourviews.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.1.写作时间是30分钟。时间紧，任务重，因此，我们要采用三段式，快速构思提纲，即：点题、论证、结论。2.写作主题：在工作中，团队精神与沟通的重要性3.写作字数是150-200字。【六级真题作文参考范文】Whenitcomestotheteamspiritandcommunication,allofusoughttoseeitinperspective.Fortunately,withthesocietycommercializingandcompetitionbecomingfierce,asubstantialnumberofpeoplearepayingdueattentiontoit.Itisapparentthatwearesupposedtobeawareoftheimportanceofteamspiritandcommunication,especiallyinworkplace.Hardlycananyoneachievesuccessinhiscareerwithouttheassistanceofhiscolleaguesandcommunicationwithhispartners.Asgrowsincreasinglyfierce,wemustdefeatourrivalsthroughpowerfulteamwork.TakebasketballstarYaoMingforanexample.Hecanslamtheducksmartlybecauseallhisteammatescontributemoreorlesstohisoutstandingperformance.Ifweworkseparately,wewillbeconfinedtofrailmindsandlimitedresources.Onthebasisoftheanalysisabove,wemaydrawaconclusionthatteamspiritandcommunicationreallycountinthiscompetitivesociety.Therefore,weshouldassociateourselvesharmoniouslywithourcompanionsineveryattempttowardsourgoals.Inaddition,itisindispensabletotrainourkidsfrequentlytointeractsmoothlywithothersinateam.Asthefrequently-quotedproverbgoes,unityisstrength.PartⅡListeningComprehension（25minutes）SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthenquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.News1（1）A9-year-oldCentralCaliforniaboybravedstrongcurrentsandcoldwatertoswimfromSanFranciscotoAlcatrazIslandandback.ACaliforniatelevisionstationinFresnoreportedTuesdaythatJamesSavagesetarecordastheyoungestswimmertomakethejourneytotheformerprison.TheTVstationreportedthatbycompletingtheswim,thefourth-graderstudentfromLosBanosbrokearecordpreviouslyheldbya10-year-oldboy.JamessaidthatwavesintheSanFranciscoBayhittinghimintheface30minutesintohisswimmadehimwanttogiveup.（2）Hisfathersaidhehadofferedhisson$100asareward.Toencouragehisstrugglingson,hedoubleditto$200.Jamespushedforward,makingittoAlcatrazIslandandbackinalittlemorethantwohours.Alcatrazisoveramilefromthemainland.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.Question1.WhatdidtheboyfromCentralCaliforniadoaccordingtothereport?A）Hesetarecordbeswimmingtoandfromanisland.B）Hecelebratedninthbirthdayonasmallisland.C）Hevisitedaprisonlocatedonafarawayisland.D）HeswamaroundanislandnearSanFrancisco.答案：AQuestion2.Whatdidthefatherdotoencouragehisson?A）Hedoubledthereward.B）Hecheeredhimonalltheway.C）Hesethimanexample.D）HehadtheeventcoveredonTV.答案：ANews2Onthe1stofJanuary,newregulationswillcomeintoeffectwhicheliminateanannualleavebonusforpeoplewhoputoffmarryinguntiltheageof23forwomen,and25formen,theSouthChinaMorningPostreports.（3）TheholidaybonuswasdesignedtoencourageyoungpeopletodelaygettingmarriedinlinewithChina’sonechildpolicy.Butwiththatpolicynowbeingabolished,thisholidayincentiveisnolongernecessary,thegovernmentsays.InShanghai,ayoungcoupleatamarriageregistrationofficetoldthepaperthattheydecidedtoregistertheirmarriageassoonaspossibletotakeadvantageoftheexistingpolicy,becauseanextraholidaywasabigdealforthem.InBeijing,oneregistrationofficehadabout300couplesseekingtogetmarriedthedayafterthechangeswereannounced,ratherthantheusualnumberofbetween70and80.（4）Butonelawyertellsthepaperthatthechangesstillhavetobeadoptedbylocalgovernmentsandtheseprocedurestaketime,sopeoplewhoarerushingtoregisterformarriagecanrelax.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.Question3:WhatwasthepurposeoftheannualleavebonusinChina?A）Toendtheone-childpolicy.B）Toencouragelatemarriage.C）Toincreaseworkingefficiency.D）Togivepeoplemoretimetotravel.答案：BQuestion4:Whatdowelearnaboutthenewregulations?A）Theywillnotbewelcomedbyyoungpeople.B）Theywillhelptopopularizeearlymarriage.C）TheywillboostChina’seconomicgrowth.D）Theywillnotcomintoimmediateeffect.答案：DNews3（6）Everyonelovesagoodhouseparty,butthecleaningupthenextmorningisn’tasenjoyable.（5）Now,however,aNewZealand-basedstartupcompanyaimstobringmessyhomes–andevensplittingheadaches–backtonormal.Theproperly-namedstartupMorning-AfterMaidswaslaunchedaboutamonthagoinAucklandbyroommatesRebeccaFoleyandCatherineAshurst.Asidefromcleaningup,thetwowillalsocookbreakfastandevengetcoffeeandpainkillersforrecoveringmerrymakers.Althoughthey’rebothgainfullyemployed,theyfitcleaningjobsintotheirnightsandweekends（whichiswhentheirserviceisinmostdemandanyway）.（7）Besidesbeingfloodedwithrequestsfromacrossthecountry,FoleyandAshursthavealsoreceivedrequestsfromtheUSandCanadatoprovideservicesthere.Theyarereportedlymeetingwithlawyerstoseehowbesttotakethebusinessforward.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.Question5:Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout?A）Cleaningserviceingreatdemandallovertheworld.B）Twoladiesgivingupwell-paidjobstodocleaning.C）Anewcompanytocleanupthemessafterparties.D）Cleanersgainfullyemployedatnightsandweekends.答案：CQuestion6:Whatisacommonproblemwithahouseparty?A）Ittakesalotoftimetoprepare.B）Itleavesthehouseinamess.C）Itmakespartygoersexhausted.D）Itcreatesnoiseandmisconduct.答案：BQuestion7:WhatareRebeccaFoleyandCatherineAshurstplanningtodo?A）HireanAustralianlawyer.B）VisittheU.S.andCanada.C）Settlealegaldispute.D）Expandtheirbusiness.答案：DSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Conversation1W:Kyle,howdidyour（8）driver'stheoryexamgo?Itwasyesterday,right?M:Yes,IprepareditasmuchasIcould,butIwassonervoussinceitwasmysecondtry.Thepeoplewhoworkedatthetestcenterwereverykind,though.Wehadalittleconversationwhichcalmedmedownabit,andthatwasjustwhatIneeded.Then,aftertheexam,theyprintedoutmyresult,butIwasafraidtoopenituntilIwasoutside.Itwassucharelieftopass.W:Congratulations!Iknewyoucoulddoit!（9）Iguessyouunderestimatedhowdifficultitwouldbethefirsttime,didn'tyou?Ihearalotofpeoplemakethatmistakeandgoinunderprepared.Butgoodjobinpassingthesecondtime.I'msoproudofyou.Nowallyouhavetodonextisyourroadtest.Haveyouhadanylessonsyet?M:（10）Yes,thanks.I'msohappytobeactuallyontheroadnow.I'veonlyhadtwodrivinglessonssofarandmyinstructorisveryunderstanding.SoI'mreallyenjoyingitandIcan'twaitformynextsessionalthoughthelessonsareratherexpensive.Twentypoundsanhour,andtheinstructorsays,I'llneedabout30to40lessonsintotal.That'swhat--sixtoeighthundredpounds!（11）SothistimeI'llneedtomakealotmoreeffortandhopefullywillbesuccessfulthefirsttime.M:Well,goodluck!Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.Question8.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A）Hehadadrivinglesson.B）Hegothisdriver’slicense.C）Hetookthedriver’stheoryexam.D）Hepassedthedriver’sroadtest.答案：CQuestion9.Whydidhefailtheexamthefirsttime?A）Hewasnotwellprepared.B）Hedidnotgettotheexamintime.C）Hewasnotusedtothetestformat.D）Hedidnotfollowthetestprocedure.答案：AQuestion10.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisdrivinglessons?A）Theyaretough.B）Theyarecostly.C）Theyarehelpful.D）Theyaretooshort.答案：BQuestion11.Whatdoesthemanhopetodonext?A）Passhisroadtestthefirsttime.B）Test-driveafewtimesonhighways.C）Findanexperienceddrivinginstructor.D）Earnenoughmoneyfordrivinglessons.答案：ALongconversation2M:Emma,IgotacceptedtotheUniversityofLeeds.Sinceyou'regoingtouniversityinEngland,（12）doyouknowhowmuchitisforinternationalstudentstostudythere?W:Congratulations!Yes,Ibelieveforinternationalstudents,you'llhavetopayaround13,000poundsayear.It'sjustabitmorethanthelocalstudents.M:Ok,sothat'sabout17,000dollarsforthetuitionandfees.（13）Anyway,I'monlygoingtobethereforayeardoingmymasters,soit'sprettygood.IfIstayedintheUS,it'dtaketwoyearsandcostatleast50,000dollarsintuitionalone.（14）Also,IhaveagoodchanceofwinningascholarshipatLeeds,whichwillbeprettyawesome,thebenefitsofbeingamusicgenius.W:（14）Yeah,Iheardyou'reatalentedpianoplayer.Soyou'redoingapost-graduatedegreenow?I'mstillinmylastyeargraduatingnextJune.FinallyI'llbedonewithmystudiesandcangoontoearninloadsofmoney.M:Areyoustillplanningonbeingateacher?Nomoneyinthatjobthen?W:You'dbesurprised.（15）I'mstillgoingtobeateacher.ButtheplanistoworkataninternationalschooloverseasafterIgetayearorsoofexperienceinEngland.It'sbetterpaidandIgettotravel,whichremindsmeI'mlateformyclassandI'vegotsomedocumentsIneedtoprintoutfirst.I'dbetterrun.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.Question12.Whatdoesthemanwanttoknow?A）Wherethewomanstudies.B）TheacceptancerateatLeeds.C）Leeds’tuitionforinternationalstudents.D）Howtoapplyforstudiesatauniversity.答案：CQuestion13.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A）ApplytoanAmericanuniversity.B）Doresearchonhighereducation.C）Performinafamousmusical.D）Pursuepostgraduatestudies.答案：DQuestion14.WhatmightqualifythemanforascholarshipatLeedsUniversity?A）Hisfavorablerecommendations.B）Hisoutstandingmusicaltalent.C）Hisacademicexcellence.D）Hisuniqueexperience.答案：BQuestion15.Whatisthewomanplanningtodoaftergraduation?A）Doamaster’sdegree.B）SettledowninEngland.C）Travelwidely.D）Teachoverseas.答案：DSectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Shortpassage1Scientistshaveidentifiedthousandsofknownantspeciesaroundtheworld.Andonlyafewofthembughumans.Mostantsliveinthewoodsoroutinnature,theretheykeepothercreaturesincheck,distributeseedsandcleandeadanddecayingmaterialsfromtheground.（16）Averysmallpercentageofantsdoharmtohumans.Butthoseareincrediblychallengingtocontrol.Theyaresmallenoughtoeasilyslipinsideyourhouse,liveincoloniesthatnumberinthetensofthousandstothehundredsofthousands,andreproducequickly.Thatmakesthemgoodatgettinginandhardtokickout.Oncetheysettlein,theseinsectsstartaffectingyourhome.Inadditiontobitingants,otherspeciescancausedifferentkindsofdamage.（17）Some,likecarpenterantscanundermineahomestructure,whileothersinterferewithelectricalunits.Unfortunatelyourhomesareveryattractivetoantsbecausetheyprovideeverythingthecolonyneedstosurvive,suchasfood,waterandshelter.Sohowcanwepreventantsfromgettingintoourhomes?（18）Mostimportantofall,avoidgivingantsanyaccesstofood,particularlysugaryfoodbecauseantshaveasweettooth.Wealsoneedtocleanupspillsassoonastheyoccurandstorefoodinairtightcontainers.Evengarbageattractsants,soemptyyourtrashasoftenaspossible,andstoreyouroutsidegarbageinaliddedcanwellawayfromdoorsandwindows.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Question16.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutants?A）Theyhelpfarmerskeepdiseasesincheck.B）Manyspeciesremainunknowntoscientists.C）Onlyafewspeciescausetroubletohumans.D）Theyliveinincrediblywell-organizedcolonies.答案：CQuestion17.Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutcarpenterants?A）Theyarelargerthanmanyotherspecies.B）Theycancausedamagetopeople’shomes.C）Theycansurvivealongtimewithoutwater.D）Theyliketoformcoloniesinelectricalunits.答案：BQuestion18.Whatcanwedotopreventantsfromgettingintoourhomes?A）Denythemaccesstoanyfood.B）Keepdoorsandwindowsshut.C）Destroytheircoloniescloseby.D）Refrainfromeatingsugaryfood.答案：APassage2（19）Myresearchfocusisonwhathappenstoourimmunesystemasweage.Sothejoboftheimmunesystemistofightinfections.Italsoprotectsusfromviruses,andfromautoimmunediseases.Weknowthataswegetolder,it’seasierforustogetinfections.Soolderadultshavemorechancesoffallingill.Thisisevidencethatourimmunesystemreallydoesn’tfunctionsowellwhenweage.Inmostofourwork,whenwe’relookingatolderadultswho’vegotanillness,wealwayshavetohavehealthcontrols.Soweworkverycloselywithagreatgroupofvolunteerscalledthe‘OneThousandElders’.Thesevolunteersareall65orover,butingoodhealth.（20）Theycometotheuniversitytoprovideuswithbloodsamples,tobeinterviewed,andtohelpuscarryoutawholerangeofresearch.（21）Therealimpactofourresearchisgoingtobeonhealthinoldage.Atthemoment,we’relivingmuchlonger.Lifeexpectancyisincreasingattwoyearsforeverydecade.Thatmeansanextrafivehoursaday.Iwanttomakesurethatolderadultsarestillabletoenjoytheiroldage,andthatthey’renotspendingtimeinhospitalwithinfections,feelingunwellandbeinggenerallyweak.（21）Wewantpeopletobehealthy,evenwhenthey’reold.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Question19.Whatisthefocusofthespeaker’sresearch?A）Thefunctionofthehumanimmunesystem.B）Thecauseofvariousauto-immunediseases.C）Thevirusesthatmayinfectthehumanimmunesystem.D）Thechangeinpeople’simmunesystemastheygetolder.答案：DQuestion20.Whatarethevolunteersaskedtodointheresearch?A）Reporttheirillnesses.B）Offerbloodsamples.C）Actasresearchassistants.D）Helptointerviewpatients.答案：BQuestion21.Whatdoesthespeakersaywillbetheimpactofhisresearch?A）Strengtheningpeople’simmunitytoinfection.B）Betterunderstandingpatients’immunesystem.C）Helpingimproveoldpeople’shealthconditions.D）Furtherreducingoldpatients’medicalexpenses.答案：CPassage3WhenTedCamardastartedteaching14yearsagoatKillipelementary,hedidn’tknowhowtomanageaclassroomandwasstrugglingtoconnectwithstudents.（22）Henoticedacoupleofdaysafterschool,thatagroupofkidswouldgettogethertoplaychess.“Iknowhowtoplaychess,letmegoandshowthesekidshowtodoit”,hesaid.NowCamardacoachestheschool’schessteam.Thewholeprogramstartedasasafeplaceforkidstocomeafterschool.（23）Andthisweek,dozensofthosestudentsaregettingreadytoheadouttoNashville,Tennesseetocompetewithabout5000otheryoungpeopleattheSuperNationalsofChess.Thecompetitiononlyhappenseveryfouryearsandthelasttimetheteamwent,theywonthethirdplaceinthenation.Camardasayschessgiveshimandhisstudents’control.（24）Theschoolhasthehighestnumberofkidsfromlowincomefamilies.Policefrequenttheareadayandnight.Astwomonthsago,ayoungmanwasshotjustdownthestreet,Camardalikestoteachhisstudentsthattheyshouldthinkabouttheirmovebeforetheydoit.Thelessonsprovevaluableoutsidetheclassroomaswell.Manyparentsseetheselessonstranslateintotherealworld.（25）Studentsaremorelikelytothinkabouttheiractionsandseewhethertheywillleadtotrouble.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Question22WhatdidTedCamardanoticeonedayafterhestartedteachingatKillipelementary?A）Hisstudentshadtroublegettingonwitheachother.B）Alotofkidsstayedatschooltodotheirhomework.C）Hisstudentswerestrugglingtofollowhislessons.D）Agroupofkidswereplayingchessafterschool.答案：DQuestion23WhataredozensofstudentsfromCamarda’sschoolgoingtodothisweek?A）VisitachessteaminNashville.B）Jointheschool’schessteam.C）Participateinanationalchesscompetition.D）Receivetrainingforachesscompetition.答案：CQuestion24WhatdowelearnaboutthestudentsofKillipelementary?A）Mostofthemcomefromlow-incomefamilies.B）Manyhavebecomenationalchesschampions.C）Acoupleofthemhavegotinvolvedincrimes.D）Manybecamechesscoachesaftergraduation.答案：AQuestion25WhathavethestudentslearnedfromCamarda?A）Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.B）Thinktwicebeforetakingaction.C）Translatetheirwordsintoaction.D）Takeactionbeforeitgetstoolate.答案：BPartⅢReadinSectionAPastaisnolongeroffthemenu,afteranewreviewofstudiessuggestedthatthecarbohydratecanformpartofahealthydiet,andevenhelppeopleloseweight.Foryears,nutritionistshaverecommendedthatpastabekepttoa26,tocutcalories,preventfatbuild-upandstopbloodsugar27up.Thelow-carbohydratefoodmovementgavebirthtosuchdietsastheAtkins,PaleoandKeto,whichadvisedswappingfoodslikebread,pastaandpotatoesforvegetables,fishandmeat.Morerecentlythetrendofswappingspaghettiforvegetableshasbeen28byclean-eatingexperts.Butnowa29reviewandanalysisof30studiesbyCanadianresearchersfoundthatnotonlydoespastanotcauseweightgain,butthreemealsaweekcanhelppeopledropmorethanhalfakilogramoverfourmonths.Thereviewersfoundthatpastahadbeenunfairlydemonizedbecauseithadbeen30inwithother,morefat-promotingcarbohydrates.“Thestudyfoundthatpastadidn’t31toweightgainorincreaseinbodyfat,”saidleadauthorDrJohnSievenpiper.“In32theevidence,wecannowsaywithsomeconfidencethatpastadoesnothavean33effectonbodyweightoutcomeswhenitisconsumedaspartofahealthydietarypattern.”Infact,analysisactuallyshowedasmallweightloss.So34toconcerns,perhapspastacanbepartofahealthydiet.Thoseinvolvedinthe35trailsonaverageate3.3servingsofpastaaweekinsteadofothercarbohydrates,oneservingequalingaroundhalfacup.Theylostaroundhalfakilogramoveranaveragefollow-upof12weeks.A)adverseI)minimumB)championedJ)radiatingC)clinicalK)rationD)contraryL)shootingE)contributeM)subscribeF)intimateN)systematicG)lumpedO)weighingH)magnified26.K)ration27.L)shooting28.B)championed29.N)systematic30.G)lumped31.E)contribute32.O)weighing33.A)adverse34.D)contrary35.C)clinicalSectionBQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassageProfessorStephenHawkinghaswarnedthatthecreationofpowerfulartificialintelligence(AI)willbe“eitherthebest,ortheworstthing,evertohappentohumanity”,andpraisedthecreationofanacademicinstitutededicatedtoresearchingthefutureofintelligenceas“crucialtothefutureofourcivilizationandourspecies.”HawkingwasspeakingattheopeningoftheLeverhulmeCentrefortheFutureofIntelligence(LCFI)atCambridgeUniversity,amulti-disciplinaryinstitutethatwillattempttotacklesomeoftheopen-endedquestionsraisedbytherapidpaceofdevelopmentinAIresearch.“Wespendagreatdealoftimestudyinghistory,”Hawkingsaid,“which,let’sfaceit,ismostlythehistoryofstupidity.Soit’sawelcomechangethatpeoplearestudyinginsteadthefutureofintelligence.”Whiletheworld-renownedphysicisthasoftenbeencautiousaboutAI,raisingconcernsthathumanitycouldbethearchitectofitsowndestructionifitcreatesasuper-intelligencewithawillofitsown,hewasalsoquicktohighlightthepositivesthatAIresearchcanbring.“Thepotentialbenefitsofcreatingintelligencearehuge,”hesaid.“WecannotpredictwhatwemightachievewhenourownmindsareamplifiedbyAI.Perhapswiththetoolsofthisnewtechnologicalrevolution,wewillbeabletoundosomeofthedamagedonetothenaturalworldbythelastone–industrialization.Andsurelywewillaimtofinallyeradicatediseaseandpoverty.Andeveryaspectofourliveswillbetransformed.Inshort,successincreatingAIcouldbethebiggesteventinthehistoryofourcivilization.”HuwPrice,thecentre’sacademicdirectorandtheBertrandRussellprofessorofphilosophyatCambridgeUniversity,whereHawkingisalsoanacademic,saidthatthecentrecameaboutpartiallyasaresultoftheuniversity’sCentreforExistentialRisk.Thatinstituteexaminedawiderrangeofpotentialproblemsorhumanity,whiletheLCFIhasanarrowfocus.AIpioneerMargaretBoden,professorofcognitivescienceattheUniversityofSussex,praisedtheprogressofsuchdiscussions.Asrecentlyas2009,shesaid,thetopicwasn’ttakenseriously,evenamongAIresearchers.“AIishugelyexciting,”shesaid,“butithaslimitations,whichpresentgracedangersgivenuncriticaluse.”TheacademiccommunityisnotaloneinwarningaboutthepotentialdangersofAIaswellasthepotentialbenefits.Anumberofpioneersfromthetechnologyindustry,mostfamouslytheentrepreneurElonMusk,havealsoexpressedtheirconcernsaboutthedamagethatasuper-intelligentAIcoulddotohumanity.46.WhatdidStephenHawkingthinkofartificialintelligence?A)Itwouldbevitaltotheprogressofhumancivilization.B)Itmightbeablessingoradisasterinthemaking.C)Itmightpresentchallengesaswellasopportunities.D)Itwouldbeasignificantexpansionofhumanintelligence.46.B.Itmightbeablessingoradisasterinthemaking.47.WhatdidHawkingsayaboutthecreationoftheLCFI?A)ItwouldacceleratetheprocessofAIresearch.B)ItwouldmarkastepforwardintheAIindustry.C)Itwasextremelyimportanttothedestinyofhumankind.D)Itwasanachievementofmulti-disciplinarycollaboration.47.C.Itwasextremelyimportanttothedestinyofhumankind.48.WhatdidHawkingsaywasawelcomechangeinAIresearch?48.A.Theshiftofresearchfocusfromthepasttothefuture.49.WhatconcernsdidHawkingraiseaboutAI?A)Itmayexceedhumanintelligencesoonerorlater.B)Itmayultimatelyover-amplifythehumanmind.C)Super-intelligencemaycauseitsowndestruction.D)Super—intelligencemayeventuallyruinmankind.49.D.Super—intelligencemayeventuallyruinmankind.50.Whatdowelearnaboutsomeentrepreneursfromthetechnologyindustry?A)Theyaremuchinfluencedbytheacademiccommunity.B)TheyaremostlikelytobenefitfromAIdevelopment.C)TheysharethesameconcernsaboutAIasacademic.D)TheybelievetheycankeepAIunderhumancontrol.50.C.TheysharethesameconcernsaboutAIasacademic.SectionCQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassageProfessorStephenHawkinghaswarnedthatthecreationofpowerfulartificialintelligence(AI)willbe“eitherthebest,ortheworstthing,evertohappentohumanity”,andpraisedthecreationofanacademicinstitutededicatedtoresearchingthefutureofintelligenceas“crucialtothefutureofourcivilizationandourspecies.”HawkingwasspeakingattheopeningoftheLeverhulmeCentrefortheFutureofIntelligence(LCFI)atCambridgeUniversity,amulti-disciplinaryinstitutethatwillattempttotacklesomeoftheopen-endedquestionsraisedbytherapidpaceofdevelopmentinAIresearch.“Wespendagreatdealoftimestudyinghistory,”Hawkingsaid,“which,let’sfaceit,ismostlythehistoryofstupidity.Soit’sawelcomechangethatpeoplearestudyinginsteadthefutureofintelligence.”Whiletheworld-renownedphysicisthasoftenbeencautiousaboutAI,raisingconcernsthathumanitycouldbethearchitectofitsowndestructionifitcreatesasuper-intelligencewithawillofitsown,hewasalsoquicktohighlightthepositivesthatAIresearchcanbring.“Thepotentialbenefitsofcreatingintelligencearehuge,”hesaid.“WecannotpredictwhatwemightachievewhenourownmindsareamplifiedbyAI.Perhapswiththetoolsofthisnewtechnologicalrevolution,wewillbeabletoundosomeofthedamagedonetothenaturalworldbythelastone–industrialization.Andsurelywewillaimtofinallyeradicatediseaseandpoverty.Andeveryaspectofourliveswillbetransformed.Inshort,successincreatingAIcouldbethebiggesteventinthehistoryofourcivilization.”HuwPrice,thecentre’sacademicdirectorandtheBertrandRussellprofessorofphilosophyatCambridgeUniversity,whereHawkingisalsoanacademic,saidthatthecentrecameaboutpartiallyasaresultoftheuniversity’sCentreforExistentialRisk.Thatinstituteexaminedawiderrangeofpotentialproblemsorhumanity,whiletheLCFIhasanarrowfocus.AIpioneerMargaretBoden,professorofcognitivescienceattheUniversityofSussex,praisedtheprogressofsuchdiscussions.Asrecentlyas2009,shesaid,thetopicwasn’ttakenseriously,evenamongAIresearchers.“AIishugelyexciting,”shesaid,“butithaslimitations,whichpresentgracedangersgivenuncriticaluse.”TheacademiccommunityisnotaloneinwarningaboutthepotentialdangersofAIaswellasthepotentialbenefits.Anumberofpioneersfromthetechnologyindustry,mostfamouslytheentrepreneurElonMusk,havealsoexpressedtheirconcernsaboutthedamagethatasuper-intelligentAIcoulddotohumanity.46.WhatdidStephenHawkingthinkofartificialintelligence?A)Itwouldbevitaltotheprogressofhu