2024年中考英语真题分类汇编（全国）（第一期）专题23 短文填空 考点1 首字母填空（第01期）（解析版）

专题23短文填空考点1首字母填空（第01期）（2024·天津·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。Longago,theearlypeopledidnotliveinhousesaswedotoday.Mostofthehomeswereincavesorshelters(遮蔽物)whichwerebuiltintrees.These‘homes’wereonlyusedastemporary(临时的)shelterstop1themfromthesun,therainandthewildanimalsintheforests.Menofthattimewerecalled‘cavepeople’.These‘cavepeople’usuallylivedinsmallgroupsandlifewasnote2forthem.Theyhadtomovefromplacetoplacetos3forfood.Theywouldhunt,fishorpickwildfruit.Whentheycouldn’tfinda4toeat,theywouldleavetofindanotherproperplace.Theirtoolswereverysimple.Theyateraw(生的)foodu5theylearnthowtomakeafire.Forclothing,theyusedonlythebark(树皮)oftreesortheskins(皮)ofanimalstoc6theirbodies.However,thelivesofthe‘cavepeople’changed.Theycollectedtheseeds(种子)ofwildplantsthatg7intheforests.Soontheylearnttoplantfruit,vegetablesandothercrops.Theyalsokeptcows,sheepandotherkindsoffarma8formilk,meatandskins.Theybecamef9andlivedinonlyonecertainarea.Theirgroupsbecamel10thanbeforeastheylivedmoresettled(固定的)lives.Theybuilthousesaslong-lastinghomes,andasaresult,villagesandtownsdevelopedquickly.The‘cavepeople’begantobecivilized(文明的).【答案】1．(p)rotect2．(e)asy3．(s)earch4．(a)nything5．(u)ntil6．(c)over7．(g)rew8．(a)nimals9．(f)armers10．(l)arger【导语】本文主要介绍“穴居人”的生活。1．句意：这些“家”只是用作临时庇护所，保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害。根据“These‘homes’wereonlyusedastemporary(临时的)shelterstop...

themfromthesun,therainandthewildanimalsintheforests.”可知，这些“家”保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害，protect“保护”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(p)rotect。2．句意：这些“穴居人”通常生活在小群体中，生活对他们来说并不容易。根据“These‘cavepeople’usuallylivedinsmallgroupsandlifewasnote...forthem.”可知，生活对他们来说并不容易，easy“容易的”，在句中作表语，故填(e)asy。3．句意：他们不得不从一个地方搬到另一个地方寻找食物。根据“Theyhadtomovefromplacetoplacetos...forfood.”可知，他们不得不搬家寻找食物，searchfor“寻找”符合语境，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(s)earch。4．句意：当他们找不到吃的东西时，他们会离开去找另一个合适的地方。根据“Whentheycouldn’tfinda...toeat,theywouldleavetofindanotherproperplace.”可知，找不到吃的东西时就会搬家，anything“任何东西”，用于否定句中，故填(a)nything。5．句意：他们吃生的食物，直到学会如何生火。根据“Theyateraw(生的)foodu...theylearnthowtomakeafire.”可知，直到学会如何生火才不吃生的食物，until“直到”符合语境，故填(u)ntil。6．句意：至于衣服，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体。根据“theyusedonlythebark(树皮)oftreesortheskins(皮)ofanimalstoc...theirbodies”可知，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体，cover“遮盖”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(c)over。7．句意：他们收集了生长在森林中的野生植物的种子。根据“Theycollectedtheseeds(种子)ofwildplantsthatg...intheforests.”可知，收集生长在森林中的野生植物的种子，grow“生长”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(g)rew。8．句意：他们还饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，以获取牛奶、肉和皮。根据“Theyalsokeptcows,sheepandotherkindsoffarma...formilk,meatandskins.”可知，饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，animal“动物”，“otherkindsof”修饰可数名词复数，故填(a)nimals。9．句意：他们成了农民，只住在一个特定的地区。根据“Theybecamef...andlivedinonlyonecertainarea.”可知，他们成了农民，farmer“农民”，主语“They”是复数，故填(f)armers。10．句意：他们的群体变得比以前更大，因为他们的生活更加稳定。根据“Theirgroupsbecamel...thanbeforeastheylivedmoresettled(固定的)lives.”可知，他们的群体变得比以前更大，larger“更大的”，在句中作表语，故填(l)arger。（2024·山东东营·中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。Bearwasbusymakingpies.Whenhewokeupinspring,hewouldneedthem.“Ohno!”criedBear.“Theberries(莓)haverunout.Imustpicksomemore.”Bearwenttofindmoreberries.Hewalkedtillhisfootached,buthedidn’tfindanyberriesn11hishome.Sohedecidedtogodeeperintotheforesttolookforberries.Ashewalkedalong,hefeltveryh12.Hehadbeensobusycookingthathehadeatennothingallday.Asbewalked,BearmetbisfriendRaccoon.“Doyouhavesayberriesforme?”askedBear.“Sorry,butIcang13yousomeapples.”saidRaccoon.“Yourapplesaretoosour.”saidBear.SoonBearmetSquirrel.“Doyouhaveanyberriesforme?”askedBear.“No,”saidSquirrel.“ButIhavesomewalnuts(核桃).Youcanhavesome.”“Thankyou.”saidBear.“ButIdonotw14walnutsinmypies.Iwillkeepsearchingforberries.”Afteralotofeffort,Bearrealizedthattherewerenoberriesleft.Suddenly,snowbegantofall.Bearracedhome.Thenhejumpedintobed.B15hecouldnotsleep.Hewassohungry.“Ohdear.”saidBear.Iwillhavetoeatmypies.Butifso,Iwillhaven16forspring.Bearwastoohungrytoworryaboutit.Heateupallthepiesu17hefeltfullatlast.Soonhewasfastasleep.Bearsleptformanymonths.Springcame.Bearw18up.Hewasvery,veryhungry.Justthen,RaccoonandSquirrelcame.Theywereeachholdingapie.“Thosepiessmelldelicious.”saidBear.“Oh.Idon’tthinkyouwouldlikemysourapplepie.”saidRaccoon.“AndIamsureyouwouldn’tlikemywalnutpie.”saidSquirrel.WhenBearopenedhismouthtospeak,RaccoonputsomeapplepieinBear’sm19.“Yum,thisisgood!”criedBear.SquirrelgaveBearsomewalnutpie.“Wow,walnutpieisgreat,t20,”saidBear.“Aren’tyougladweeducatedyouaboutpies?”saidSquirrel.“Iam.”Bearsaid.“Mynextpieswillhavenewfillings(馅).”【答案】11．(n)ear12．(h)ungry13．(g)ive14．(w)ant15．(B)ut16．(n)othing17．(u)ntil18．(w)oke19．(m)outh20．(t)oo【导语】本文主要介绍了熊忙着做馅饼，但是不小心在冬眠前把它们吃光了，最后朋友们带来新口味的馅饼，这让他感到满足和感激。11．句意：他一直走到脚痛，但在家附近没有发现任何浆果。根据“didn’tfindanyberries...hishome”可知在他家附近没有发现浆果，near“在附近”。故填(n)ear。12．句意：他边走边觉得很饿。根据“Hehadbeensobusycookingthathehadeatennothingallday.”可知他什么都没吃，所以很饿，hungry“饿的”。故填(h)ungry。13．句意：我可以给你一些苹果。根据“yousomeapples”可知是给你一些苹果，give“给”，情态动词后加动词原形。故填(g)ive。14．句意：但我不想在馅饼里放核桃。根据“ButIdonot...walnutsinmypies”可知是不想在馅饼里放核桃，want“想要”，助动词donot后加动词原形。故填(w)ant。15．句意：但是他睡不着。此处和前句是转折关系，用but连接。故填(B)ut。16．句意：但如果这样的话，我将度过一个一无所有的春天。根据“Iwillhavetoeatmypies”可知如果把馅饼吃了，春天就什么也没有了，nothing“没有什么”。故填(n)othing。17．句意：他把所有的馅饼都吃光了，直到他终于觉得饱了为止。根据“Heateupallthepies...hefeltfullatlast.”可知是吃完了所有的馅饼，直到他吃饱了，until“直到”。故填(u)ntil。18．句意：熊醒了。根据“Bearsleptformanymonths.”可知他从冬眠中醒来，wakeup“醒来”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(w)oke。19．句意：浣熊往熊的嘴里塞了一些苹果馅饼。根据“RaccoonputsomeapplepieinBear’s...”可知是在嘴巴里放一些苹果馅饼，mouth“嘴巴”，此处用名词单数形式，指熊的嘴巴。故填(m)outh。20．句意：核桃馅饼也很棒。根据“walnutpieisgreat”可知核桃馅饼也很美味，肯定句句尾用too。故填(t)oo。（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。Communityconnectsuswitheachother.Acommunityisap21wherepeoplelive,workandplaytogether.It’sjustlikeaschool,wheres22helpeachothertolearn.Peopleinacommunityh23oneanother,too.Peopleinacommunityhavedifferentskills.Theyoftenhelpneighborss24allkindsofproblems.Forexample,sometimespeopledonotfeelwell.Thed25andnurseswillmakethemfeelbetter.Therearealsosomeengineers.Theymayhelppeoplef26theirbrokenbicyclesorwashingmachines.Whenpeopledon’tknowwhattoweartoapartyorhowtodesigntheirhomes,theartistswillgivethemsomea27.Somecollegestudentsworkasvolunteersintheirs28time.Theyoftendosomecleaningfortheoldpeopleandhelpstudentswiththeirh29.Communityisnotabuildingoranorganization.Itislikeabigf30.Membersofacommunityhaveasenseoftrust,safetyandcaringforeachother.【答案】21．(p)lace22．(s)tudents23．(h)elp24．(s)olve25．(d)octors26．(f)ix27．(a)dvice28．(s)pare29．(h)omework30．(f)amily【导语】本文介绍了社区将人们紧密联系在一起，社区的人们互助友爱，就像一个大家庭。21．句意：社区是人们一起生活、工作和娱乐的地方。根据首字母及“Acommunityisa…wherepeoplelive,workandplaytogether.”可知，社区是人们生活、工作和娱乐的地方。place“地方”，名词，冠词a后用其单数形式。故填(p)lace。22．句意：这就像一所学校，学生们互相帮助学习。根据首字母及“It’sjustlikeaschool”可知，社区像一所学校，学生们互相帮助学习。student“学生”，名词，help是动词原形，故名词应用复数形式。故填(s)tudents。23．句意：社区里的人也会互相帮助。根据首字母及“…helpeachothertolearn.Peopleinacommunity…oneanother,too.”可知，此处指社区中的人们互相帮助。help“帮助”，动词。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用其原形。故填(h)elp。24．句意：他们经常帮助邻居解决各种各样的问题。根据首字母及“allkindsofproblems”可知，此处指解决问题。solve“解决”，动词。helpsb.dosth.“帮助某人做某事”，动词用其原形。故填(s)olve。25．句意：医生和护士会让他们感觉好些。根据首字母及“Forexample,sometimespeopledonotfeelwell”可知，人们感到不舒服时，医生和护士会让他们感觉好些。doctor“医生”，可数名词，此处应用其复数形式表泛指。故填(d)octors。26．句意：他们可以帮助人们修理坏了的自行车或洗衣机。根据首字母及“theirbrokenbicyclesorwashingmachines”可知，此处指修理坏了的自行车或洗衣机。fix“修理”，动词。helpsb.dosth.“帮助某人做某事”，动词用其原形。故填(f)ix。27．句意：当人们不知道穿什么去参加聚会或如何设计他们的家时，艺术家会给他们一些建议。根据首字母及“theartistswillgivethemsome…”可知，此处指艺术家会给出建议。advice“建议”，不可数名词，作动词宾语。故填(a)dvice。28．句意：一些大学生在业余时间做志愿者。根据首字母及“Somecollegestudentsworkasvolunteersintheir…time.”可知，此处指大学生在业余时间做志愿者。spare“空闲的”，形容词，作定语修饰名词time。故填(s)pare。29．句意：他们经常为老人打扫卫生，帮助学生做作业。根据首字母及“andhelpstudentswiththeir…”可知，此处指大学生会帮助学生们做作业。homework“作业”，不可数名词。故填(h)omework。30．句意：它就像一个大家庭。根据首字母及“Itislikeabig…”可知，此处指社区就像一个大家庭。family“家庭”，可数名词，被a修饰，用其单数形式。故填(f)amily。（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）Eventhoughmygrandfatherwasafarmer,mygrandmotherwouldironhisworkclotheseveryday.Grandmothermixedupherownstarch(淀粉浆)inaglassb31withametalcapthathadseveralholes.ShesprinkledGrandfather’sjeanswiththestarch,hungthemoverachairforafewminutes,andtheni32them.BecauseIwatchedherdothisthroughmychildhood,Ithoughteveryoldwomandidit.Butastheyearspassed,Ibegantoquestionthisp33.WhydidGrandfatherneedhisworkclothesironed?Mostdays,heneversawanyoneb34meandmaybeafewotherfarmers.Theclothesbecamedirtyinjustashorttime.WhydidGrandmothers35devotetimeandefforttoironingGrandfather’sclothesthatwererarelyseen?OnedaywhenIwasabout13,IaskedGrandmotheraboutit.ShetoldmeGrandfatherwasthemosthandsomemanintheworld.Laterthatday,Ilookedc36atGrandfather.Hesuredidn’tlooksohandsometome.Hewasshortandfatwithfalseteeth(假牙).LaterItoldhermythought.Shegavemeagirlishsmileandsaid,“Youjustaren’tlookingintherightlight,Cathy.Irememberwhenhehadr37teeth.HehasthemostbeautifuleyesIhaveeverseen.Theyaree38thesamecolorastheskyjustbeforethesungoesdown.Iwanttheworldtoseemyh39asthemostbeautifulman.Iwanthimtofeelbeautiful.Iironhisclotheseverydaybecauseforalltheseyears,hehasmademefeelbeautiful.”Theyearswenton,andIwatchedGrandmotherandGrandfathergrowoldtogether.Iwasprobably30whenIu40whatbeautyreallywas.ItwasGrandmotherironingGrandfather’sjeanswithstarchfromaglassbottle.【答案】31．(b)ottle32．(i)roned33．(p)ractice34．(b)ut35．(s)till36．(c)arefully37．(r)eal38．(e)xactly39．(h)usband40．(u)nderstood【导语】本文主要讲述了奶奶给爷爷熨烫衣服，在奶奶眼里，爷爷是世界上最帅气的人，很多年过后作者才真正明白真正的美是什么。31．句意：祖母在一个有几个洞的金属盖的玻璃瓶里把自己的淀粉浆混合在一起。根据“ItwasGrandmotherironingGrandfather’sjeanswithstarchfromaglassbott