2024届江西省吉安市泰和县八年级英语第二学期期末考试试题含答案

2024届江西省吉安市泰和县八年级英语第二学期期末考试试题满分120分，时间90分钟一、单项选择（共10小题，满分10分）1、—________isthepopulationofyourhometown?—Thepopulationofmyhometownissmall.Andaboutthreequartersofthepopulation________farmers.A.What；are B.What；isC.Howmuch；is D.Howmuch；are2、—Doyouplay________pianoinyourfreetime?—No,Ilikesports.Ioftenplay________soccerwithmyfriends.A./;/ B.the;/ C.the;the D.a;a3、—DoesJimenjoyhisstayinChina?—Yes.NotonlyJimbutalsoLucy________quiteafewwonderfulcitiessincetheycametoChina.A.willvisit B.visited C.hasvisited D.havevisited4、----Mr.Wuhasrecommendedmanybooks.Haveyoudecidedfirst?----Yes.TheLittlePrince.A.howtoread B.whichtoread C.whentoread D.wheretoread5、It’simportantforus________howtokeepawayfromthevirus（病毒）.A.learn B.tolearn C.learning6、—WherearetheGreens?—They________theUnitedStates.—When________?A.havegoneto；havetheygoneB.havegoneto；didtheygoC.havebeento；willtheygoD.havebeenin；dotheygo7、Theyprovidedsupport________theathletesandhelpedmaketheeventagreatsuccess.A.to B.with C.for D.in8、Heworkshard________hewantstokeeptheChineseartformalive.A.because B.so C.becauseof D.however9、—________doyougotoschooleveryday?—Iusuallygotoschoolbybike.A.How B.Howlong C.Howoften10、—I’mconsideringvisitingSingapore.Iwanttoknow________.—Youhavemanychoices.A.whetherisitfunintheNightSafari B.howwastheweatherthereC.whatspecialfoodIcantrythere D.haveyoueverbeentherebefore二、补全对话（10分）11、请通读下面对话，根据对话内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑，选项中有一项为多余选项。W:Goodmorning,youngman!What’sthematterwithyou?M:Goodmorning,DoctorLi!___1___W:Tellmemoreaboutit.M:Itookacoldshowerafterabasketballgameyesterdayafternoon.___2___W:Letmegiveyouanexamination.Openyourmouthandsay“ah”.M:Ah...ah...W:___3___M:Isitserious?W:No.___4___M:DoIneedtotakesomemedicine?W:No.___5___M:Isee.Thankyouverymuch.A.Youhaveacold.B.Ifeelterrible.C.Youhavetotakethemedicinethreetimesaday.D.Butremembernottotakeacoldshowerafterdoingsports.E.Justhavearestanddrinkmuchhotwater.F.ThenIstartedtocough.三、语法填空（10分）12、HaveyoueverbeentoZibo,asmallcityinShandongprovince?ZiboisnowapopularplacefortouristsaroundChina.Everyday,____1____（thousand）oftouristscometoZibotoenjoyaspecialdeliciousfood—Zibobarbecue（烧烤）.Zibobarbecuehas____2____（bring）morethan5milliontouristssinceFebruary.Youcanseemanypeople____3____（eat）andlisteningtomusichappilyoutside.InZibo,youcanspendlessbutenjoymore.That’swhateveryoneislookingfor,right?Actuallythe____4____（good）timetovisitZiboisfromApriltoOctober.Thelocalgovernmentwantstoencouragemorepeople____5____（come）tothecity.Theyhavetomakegoodpreparationforthecomingdays.四、完形填空（10分）13、阅读下面短文，从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。IcanrememberwhenIwasjustalittleboy,mymom,grandmaandIdrovetomygrandma’ssister’shouseinthenexttownoneday.ItwasacoolsummerafternoonsoIwentoutsidetothe____1____whiletheyallsataroundatabletotalk.Anhour____2____,Igotboredandwalkedinsidetoseewhattheyweredoing.Therewasalarge,____3____quiltonthebedthatwasstillbeingsewn(缝)together.Isatonachairandwatchedmyauntchooseaproperclothand____4____sewedalittlepieceontoit.Ilookedatonesideofthequiltandsawapieceofthread(线)reachingout.Without____5____,Ipulled____6____.“NO!”Itwasmygrandma’svoice.Ijumpedback.Itwasthefirsttimethatshehadshouted____7____me.Seeingtheshockedlookonmyface,shesmiledand____8____explainedtomewhyshehadshouted.Thatsinglepieceof____9____waved(穿行)inandoutofthedifferentpiecesofcloth.Likeamountainroad,whichmadeitswayfromoneendofthequilttotheother.IfIhadgoneahead,Imighthavebrokenthewholequiltandwastedhoursofwork.WhenIlookbackonthatmomenttoday,Icanseewhatmygrandmataughtme:Eachofourlivesisalotlikethatthreadinthequilt.Weareeachasinglepieceofthread,buttheotherthreadsaroundushelphold____10____together.1.A.yard B.bedroom C.window D.camp2.A.before B.ago C.later D.after3.A.clean B.finished C.machine-made D.home-made4.A.busily B.quickly C.carefully D.completely5.A.thinking B.paying C.replying D.fearing6.A.them B.it C.they D.itself7.A.on B.for C.to D.at8.A.angrily B.weakly C.loudly D.softly9.A.cloth B.thread C.color D.quilt10.A.everything B.nothing C.something D.anything五、阅读理解（30分）14、CelebratebeautyofLanternFestivalManytraditionalChinesefestivalsremindusofthespecialfoods.AszongziaretoDragonBoatFestivalandmooncakesaretoMid-AutumnFestival,yuanxiao-sweetdumplingsmadeofstickyriceflour—arespecialtoLanternFestival.LanternFestivalfallsonthe15thofthefirstlunarmonth,markingtheendoftheSpringFestivalcelebrations.Apartfromtheround-shapedyuanxiao,anotherbelovedpartofthecelebrationisthelanterns,whichcomeinalmosteverypossiblesizeandshape.Inoldtimes,riddles(谜语)werepastedontothemsothatpeoplecouldtrytosolvethemwhilelookingatthebeautyofthelanterns.However,bothtraditionandhandicrafthavebecomelesspopularamongyoungpeople.LanternFestivalwasatitsheightintheTangandSongdynasties.Itwasadayofgreatfunbackthen.Intheevening,peoplewentintothestreetswithallkindsoflanterns,watchinglionordragondances,eatingyuanxiaoandsettingofffirecrackers.Thefestivalalsoprovidedachanceforunmarriedyounggirlstogooutfreelyinsearchoftheirtruelove,sincetheyweren’tnormallyallowedtodoso.ThefamousSongDynastypoetOuyangXiurecordedthisromantictraditionwiththewell-knownline:“Atopthewillowtreehangsthemoon;mydatecomesintheeveningsoon.”1.Besideseatingyuanxiao,whatothertraditionispopularduringLanternFestival?A.Settingofffireworks. B.Solvingriddlesonlanterns.C.Watchingmovies. D.Eatingmooncakes.2.DuringwhichdynastieswastheLanternFestivalmostpopular?A.TangandSong. B.MingandQing. C.QinandHan. D.SuiandTang.3.Whydidunmarriedyounggirlsgooutduringthefestivalinancienttimes?A.Toadmiretheirstars. B.Tobecomeapoet.C.Tosearchfortruelove. D.Toenjoynicefood.4.Howdoyoutranslatetheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?A.月上柳梢头，人约黄昏后。 B.床前明月光，疑是地上霜。C.海上生明月，天涯共此时。 D.明月几时有，把酒问青天。15、Everyonehastheirfavoritefood.Thinkaboutyourfavoritefood.Doyouwonderwhyyourfavoritefoodtastessogood?Theanswerisaboutyourtongueandnose.Therearesometastebuds(味蕾)onyourtongue.Theygiveyouthesenseoftaste.Howdothetastebudswork?Infact,theyhavemanytinyhairsonthem.Thesetinyhairssendmessagestoyourbrainaboutthetastesofdifferentfood.Inthisway,youknowwhetheritissweet,sour,bitterorsalty.personhasabout10,000tastebuds.Theykeepworkingallthetimewhenweenjoyourfood.Thetastebudsdon’talwaysstaythesame.Theyarereplacedabouteverytwoweeks.However,asapersongetsolder,someofthesetastebudsdon’tgetreplaced.Anolderpersonmayonlyhave5,000workingtastebuds.That'swhysomefoodmaytastestrongerforyouthanitdoesforanolderperson.Besidesyourtongue,yournosealsohelpsyoulearnaboutthetasteoffood.Sometimes,strongsmellcanevenconfuse（混淆）yoursenseoftaste.Tryholdinganonionunderyournosewhileeatinganapple,theapplemusttasteterrible.Sothenexttimeyouenjoysaltypizzaandsweeticecream,thankyourtongueandyournose.Withoutthem,youwon'thaveanysenseoftasteatall!Withoutthesenseoftaste,lifewillbeboring!根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1.Howdotastebudssendmessagestoourbrainsaccordingtothepassage?A.Byusingourtongues.B.ByusingournoseC.Byusingthesmallhairsonthem.2.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“arereplaced”meaninChinese?A.被启动 B.被更新 C.被显示3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Anonioncanhelpmakethetasteofanapplebetter.B.Alltheoldpeople’stastebudswillgetreplacedaftersometime.C.Youngpeopleandoldpeoplemayhavedifferentideasonthetasteofthesamefood.4.Whichistheproperstructure（结构）ofthepassage?A.①②→③④⑤ B.①②→③→④⑤ C.①→②③→④→⑤5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Ourfavoritefood. B.Howwecantastefood. C.Thedifferenttasteoffood.16、GiveYourLove10,000StorybooksNeededIfyouhaveoldstorybooksathomeandyouhavenoplacesforthem,youcangivethemawaytoXinduaBookstore.Thebookstoreneedstocollect10,000storybooksfromJune25toJuly28.Thestorybooksaregoingtobesenttochildreninpoorvillages.Youwillgetadollgiftifyougive5storybooksormore,callusat728-466-889.WeNeedYourTimeTheRedCrossneedsmorevolunteerstoworkinthenursinghome,especiallyatweekends.Youcandosomeactivitiesthere,suchassinging,dancing,tellingstoriesandchattingtocheeruptheold.Wehopematepeoplecantakeanactivepart.Throughthemeaningfulactivities,youcanlearntocarefortheold.Whenyouleave,wewillgiveallofyouaspecialpresent.Wehave500oldpeople,butonly50workers.Moreareneeded.Pleasecallusat422-789-331.YourMoney—TheirHospitalChenLin,adoctor,isplanningtobuildanewhospitalinSichuanthatwillgivefreemedicaltreatmenttothepoorpeoplethere.Hehopesthepoorandtheoldwhocan’taffordthehospitalbillshavechancestoseeadoctor.ByDecember31,youcanhelpbysendingmoneythroughthepostoffice.To:ChenLinPhonenumber:098-545-632Address:116EastChanganRoad,BeijingIfyouwanttosupportsomething,pleasecallusat687-367-662.Thanksforyourkindness.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1.Howlongwillthecharityactivityofcollectingbookslast?A.Aweek. B.27days. C.Amonth. D.34days.2.Ifyouwanttojoininameaningfulactivityatweekends,youcancall________.A.728-466-889 B.687-367-662 C.422-789-331 D.098-545-6323.Wherecanyougoifyouwanttobeavolunteeratweekends?A.TotheXinhuaBookstore. B.Tothepostoffice.C.Tothehospital. D.Tothenursinghome.4.WhydoesChenLinneedplentyofmoney?A.Becauseheneedstobuystorybooks. B.Becausehewantstobuildaschoolinapoorvillage.C.Becausehegetsaseriousdisease. D.Becauseheplanstoprovidefreemedicaltreatment.5.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Totellastoryofastorybook. B.Toaskpeopletojoininthecharityactivities.C.Toexplainwhyweshouldcarefortheold. D.Toshowtheresultsofdonatingmoneyforahospital.六、完成句子（10分）17、你能帮助那些有需要的人，真是太善良了。________verykind________you________________thoseinneed.18、polite,wear________________________________19、Iliketoplaysportswithmyfriendsorread________(独自)inmyfreetime.20、Isawherwalking________（朝着）thebank.21、Therearefourseasonsinayear,s________,summer,autumnandwinter.七、短文填空（10分）22、Ifcoalandoilareusedorthrownaway________八、阅读表达（10分）23、阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成各小题任务。Nowadays,anewmethodisusedtodecidewhoarethetopstudentsinschool.Thebeststudentsarethosewhonotonlygethighmarks,butalsofollowtherulesandthebehaviorstandardsformiddleschoolstudents.Herearesomeofthenewrulesandstandards.Tellthetruth.Haveyouevercopiedsomeoneelse’sworkintheexams?Ifyouhave,don’tdoitagain!That’snotsomethinganhoneststudentshoulddo.Ifyouhaveplayedonlinegamesfortwohoursinyourroom,don’ttellyourparentsyouweredoinghomework.Learntobelovingandcaring.Goodstudentsloveanimalsandcareforotherpeople.Learntoworktogetherwithothers.Itwouldbemorefunwhenmorepeopleworktogether.Didyouquarrelwithyourteammateswhenyourbasketballteamlost?Onlyworkingtogethercanmakeyourteamstronger.Youshouldn’tonlythinkofyourself.Youshouldalsothinkofothers.Beopentonewideas.Haveyoueverthoughtthatpeoplecouldliveonthemoon?Perhapsyou’lldiscoverEarthIIsomeday.Don’tlookdownonnewideas.Everyone’sideasareimportant.Youshouldwelcomethem,becausenewideasmakelifebetterforeveryone.UsetheInternetcarefully.TheInternetcanbeveryusefulforyourstudies.SomewebsitesontheInternetaren’tforkids,somakesuretovisittheonesthataregoodforyou.Youcanusethewebsitesforfunorhomework.Can’tyoufindanygoodwebsitesforyou?（一）完成句子1.Tobeatopstudent,youshouldtrytothinkofothers________onlyyourself.（二）回答问题2.Whydoesthewriterthinkeveryone’sideasareimportant?____________________________________________3.Whatcanyoudowiththewebsitesthataregoodforyou?_____________________________________________（三）找出第三段的主题句4.___________________________________________（四）将文中画线句子译成汉语。5.___________________________________________九、书面表达（20分）双减背景下的第一个暑假即将来临，校英语报发起了“AMeaningfulSummerVacation”的主题征文活动。假设你是李华，请根据下表信息用英语写一篇短文用于投稿，分享你的建议并说明理由。SuggestionsReasons•dosomesports•keephealthy•helpwithhousework•learntobeindependent•workasavolunteer•helpothers•…•…注意：短文首句：Summervacationiscoming.Tohaveameaningfulvacation,Ihavesomesuggestions.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案一、单项选择（共10小题，满分10分）1、A【解析】【详解】句意：——你家乡的人口数是多少?——我家乡的人口很少。并且三分之二的人都是农民。考查特殊疑问词和be动词。询问人口的多少用“Whatisthepopulationof……?”，排除C、D。当主语是表示人口的百分之几、几分之几时，谓语动词用复数形式，因此要用are。故选A。2、B【解析】【详解】句意：——你在空闲时间弹钢琴吗？——不，我喜欢运动。我经常和朋友们踢足球。考查冠词用法。/零冠词；the，定冠词，用在乐器名称前；a一个，不定冠词，表示泛指。根据第一空后的“piano”可知为乐器，要加定冠词the；根据第二空后的“soccer”可知是足球，play与表示球类的名词连用时，球类名词前不能使用冠词。故选B。3、C【解析】【详解】句意：——吉姆喜欢待在中国吗？——是的。自从他们来到中国以来，不仅吉姆，露西还参观了许多很棒的城市。考查时态和主谓一致。根据“since...”可知句子用现在完成时“have/hasdone”；notonly...butalso连接的成分作主语时，遵循就近原则，根据“Lucy”可知助动词用has。故选C。4、B【解析】【详解】句意：——吴先生推荐了许多书。你决定先读哪本书了吗？——是的。小王子。考查疑问词辨析题。A.howtoread怎么读；B.whichtoread读哪本；；C.whentoread何时候读；D.wheretoread在哪读。根据回答Yes.TheLittlePrince.，可知ACD三项不合句意，故选B。5、B【解析】【详解】句意：学习如何远离病毒对我们来说很重要。考查非谓语动词。空格所在句的句型结构是：Itis+形容词+forsb.+todosth.“做某事是……的”，空格处填动词不定式作主语。故选B。6、B【解析】【详解】句意：——格林一家在哪里？——他们去了美国。——他们什么时候去的？考查时态。havegoneto去了，现在完成时态；havebeento去过，现在完成时态；根据“WherearetheGreens?”可知，他们是去了美国，还没有回来，用现在完成时态，结构为has/have+过去分词，主语是theGreens，复数形式，故用havegoneto；根据“When...?”可知，此句为一般过去时态，助动词用did。故选B。7、C【解析】【详解】句意：他们为运动员们提供了支持，帮助这项赛事取得了巨大成功。考查介词辨析和固定短语。to到；with和；for为；in在……里面。根据“providedsupport”可知此处指“为运动员们提供了支持”；providesthforsb“提供某物给某人”。故选C。8、A【解析】【详解】句意：他努力工作，因为他想保持中国艺术形式的生命力。考查连词辨析。because因为，后跟从句；so因此；becauseof由于，后跟名词/代词/动名词；however然而，副词。根据“hewantstokeeptheChineseartformalive”可知此处指“他努力工作的原因是想保持中国艺术的生命力”，空格后是句子，表原因用连词because。故选A。9、A【解析】【详解】句意：——你每天是怎么去上学的？——我通常骑自行车上学。考查特殊疑问句。how如何；howlong多长时间；howoften多久一次。根据“Iusuallygotoschoolbybike”可知此处询问交通方式，疑问词用how。故选A。10、C【解析】【详解】句意：——我正在考虑去新加坡。我想知道我能在那里尝试什么特别的食物。——你有很多选择。考查宾语从句。根据“Iwanttoknow…”可知，此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，ABD选项是疑问语序。故选C。二、补全对话（10分）11、1.B2.F3.A4.E5.D【解析】【导语】本文是关于年轻人生病去看医生，和医生之间进行的一则对话。【1题详解】根据“What’sthematterwithyou?”可知，此处是回答医生自己怎么样，选项B“我觉得很难受。”符合语境。故选B。【2题详解】根据“Itookacoldshowerafterabasketballgameyesterdayafternoon.”可知，此处是讲病情是如何发展的，选项F“然后我开始咳嗽。”符合语境。故选F。【3题详解】根据“Letmegiveyouanexamination.Openyourmouthandsay‘ah’.”可知，此处是医生检查后的结果，选项A“你感冒了。”符合语境。故选A。【4题详解】根据“Isitserious?”及“No”可知，此处是说病情不严重，应该采取的措施，选项E“只是休息一下并多喝热水。”符合语境。故选E。【5题详解】根据“DoIneedtotakesomemedicine?”及“No”可知，此处是提醒病人一些注意事项，选项D“但是记住不要在运动后洗冷水澡。”符合语境。故选D。三、语法填空（10分）12、1.thousands2.brought3.eating4.best5.tocome【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了由于淄博烧烤，成千上万的游客来淄博旅行，淄博政府也为此做好了准备。【1题详解】句意：每天，成千上万的游客来到淄博，享受一种特殊的美食——淄博烧烤。thousandsof“成千上万的”。故填thousands。【2题详解】句意：自2月份以来，淄博烧烤已经吸引了500多万游客。根据“since...”可知句子用现在完成时，此处用过去分词brought“带来”。故填brought。【3题详解】句意：你可以看到很多人在外面快乐地吃饭和听音乐。根据“andlisteningtomusic”可知此处是并列动作，动词形式一致，故此处用现在分词形式。故填eating。【4题详解】句意：实际上，游览淄博的最佳时间是四月到十月。定冠词the后加最高级best，表示“最佳时机”。故填best。【5题详解】句意：当地政府希望鼓励更多的人来这座城市。encouragesb.todosth.“鼓励某人做某事”。故填tocome。四、完形填空（10分）13、1.A2.C3.D4.C5.A6.B7.D8.D9.B10.A【解析】【导语】本文作者通过讲述自己小时候在奶奶的姐姐家里发生的事情来告诉我们：我们每个人都是一根线，但我们周围的其他线帮助把一切连在了一起。【1题详解】句意：那是一个凉爽的夏日午后，我走到外面的院子里，他们围坐在一张桌子旁聊天。yard院子；bedroom卧室；window窗户；camp营地。根据“ItwasacoolsummerafternoonsoIwentoutside”可知，应该是从屋子走出去到院子里，故选A。【2题详解】句意：一个小时后，我觉得无聊了，就走进去看看他们在做什么。before在……以前；ago以前；later后来；after在……之后。根据“Anhour...Igotboredandwalkedinsidetoseewhattheyweredoing”可知，作者待了一个小时后感到无聊，应用later。故选C。【3题详解】句意：床上有一条自制的大被子，还在缝着。clean清理；finished完成；machine-made机器制造的；home-made家里制作的。根据“wasstillbeingsewn(缝)together.”可知这个被子是在家里制作的，故选D。【4题详解】句意：我坐在椅子上，看着姑姑选了一块合适的布，认真地缝了一小块。busily忙碌地；quickly迅速地；carefully认真地；completely完全地。根据“chooseaproperclothand...sewedalittlepieceontoit”可知姑姑在认真地缝，故选C。【5题详解】句意：我不假思索地把它拔了出来thinking思考；paying支付；replying回复；fearing害怕。根据“sawapieceofthread(线)reachingout”可知作者看到一条线伸出来，没有思考就去拔了。故选A。【6题详解】句意：我不假思索地把它拔了出来。them他们；it它；they他们；itself它们自己。根据“awapieceofthread(线)reachingout”可知，此处是代指这根线，应用it，故选B。【7题详解】句意：这是她第一次对我大喊大叫。on在……上；for为了；to到；at在。shoutatsb“朝某人大叫”，故选D。【8题详解】句意：看到我脸上震惊的表情，她笑了，轻轻地向我解释她为什么大喊大叫。angrily愤怒地；weakly虚弱地；loudly大声地；softly温柔地。根据“smiled”可知微笑了，说明应该是温柔地解释，故选D。【9题详解】句意：那一根线在不同的布上来回穿行。cloth布料；thread线；color颜色；quilt被子。根据“waved(穿行)inandoutofthedifferentpiecesofcloth”可知，在不同的布上来回穿行的是线，故选B。【10题详解】句意：我们每个人都是一根线，但我们周围的其他线帮助把一切连在一起。everything一切；nothing没有什么；something某事；anything任何事。根据“Weareeachasinglepieceofthread,buttheotherthreadsaroundushelphold...together.”可知我们每个人的生活都很像被子里的那根线。我们每个人都是一根线，但我们周围的其他线帮助把一切连在一起。故选A。五、阅读理解（30分）14、1.B2.A3.C4.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了元宵节的习俗和活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Apartfromtheround-shapedyuanxiao,anotherbelovedpartofthecelebrationisthelanterns,whichcomeinalmosteverypossiblesizeandshape”可知除了吃元宵，猜灯谜也是元宵节的一个传统。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“LanternFestivalwasatitsheightintheTangandSongdynasties.”可知唐宋时期，元宵节最受欢迎。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Thefestivalalsoprovidedachanceforunmarriedyounggirlstogooutfreelyinsearchoftheirtruelove,sincetheyweren’tnormallyallowedtodoso.”可知这个节日还为未婚的年轻女孩提供了一个自由外出寻找真爱的机会。故选C。【4题详解】词句猜测题。willowtree“柳树”；hangs“悬挂”；themoon“月亮”；mydate“我的约会对象”；comes“来”；intheevening“傍晚”。结合选项可知此句的意思是“月上柳梢头，人约黄昏后”。故选A。15、1.C2.B3.C4.C5.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了人们是如何品尝出美味的食物的。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Howdothetastebudswork?Infact,theyhavemanytinyhairsonthem.Thesetinyhairssendmessagestoyourbrainaboutthetastesofdifferentfood.”可知味蕾用它们身上的小毛向大脑传递信息，故选C。【2题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Thetastebudsdon’talwaysstaythesame.Theyarereplacedabouteverytwoweeks.”可知味蕾不总是保持不变的，每大概两周会更新迭代。所以可以猜出arereplaced是“被更新”的意思。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Anolderpersonmayonlyhave5,000workingtastebuds.That’swhysomefoodmaytastestrongerforyouthanitdoesforanolderperson.”可知年轻人和老年人对同一种食物的味道可能有不同的看法。故选C。【4题详解】篇章结构题。文章第一段通过介绍不同的人喜欢不同的食物来导入主题；第二三两段介绍了舌头上的味蕾是如何工作的；第四段介绍了鼻子能帮助你了解食物的味道；第五段介绍要感谢你的舌头和鼻子，它们帮助你有了味觉。故选C。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据“Doyouwonderwhyyourfavoritefoodtastessogood?Theanswerisaboutyourtongueandnose.”和文章可知，本文主要介绍了人们是如何品尝出美味的食物的。故选B。16、1.D2.C3.D4.D5.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了三个慈善活动并邀请人们加入活动。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据“Thebookstoreneedstocollect10,000storybooksfromJune25toJuly28.”可知，活动从六月二十五号到七月二十八号，计算出活动长达34天。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“TheRedCrossneedsmorevolunteerstoworkinthenursinghome,especiallyatweekends.”及“Pleasecallusat422-789-331.”可知，想要参加周末志愿活动可以打电话422-789-331。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“TheRedCrossneedsmorevolunteerstoworkinthenursinghome,especiallyatweekends.”可知，护理之家需要志愿者，尤其是周末的时候，故选D。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据“ChenLin,adoctor,isplanningtobuildanewhospitalinSichuanthatwillgivefreemedicaltreatmenttothepoorpeoplethere.Hehopesthepoorandtheoldwhocan’taffordthehospitalbillshavechancestoseeadoctor.”可知他需要钱是为了提供免费医疗给穷人和看不起病的人。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据“Ifyouwanttosupportsomething,pleasecallusat687-367-662.Thanksforyourkindness.”可知，本文号召提供支持，献出爱心，B选项“邀请人们加入慈善活动。”符合，故选B。六、完成句子（10分）17、①.It’s②.of③.to④.help【解析】【详解】某人做某事对某人来说是……：It’sadj.ofsb.todosth.，形