新教材高中英语Unit2WildlifeProtectionSectionⅤReadingforWriting导学案新人教版必修第二册

SectionⅤReadingforWritingdolphin/'dɒlfIn/n.[双解]aseaanimalthatlookslikealargefishwithapointedmouth海豚[语块]YangtzeRiverdolphin白鳍豚koala/kəʊ'ɑːlə/n.[双解]anAustraliananimalwiththickgreyfur,largeearsandnotail,whichlivesintreesandeatleaves树袋熊；考拉[语块]thehabitatofthesekoalas树袋熊的栖息地stir/stɜː/vt.[双解]movealiquidorsubstancearoundormixitinacontainerusingsomethingsuchasaspoon激发；搅动[语块]stirup激起emotion/I'məʊʃn/n.[双解]astrongfeelingsuchaslove,fearoranger;thepartofaperson'scharacterthatconsistsoffeelings感情；情感；心情[语块]stirupemotions激起心情skin/skIn/n.[双解]thenaturalcoveringofyourbody皮；皮肤[语块]tigerskin虎皮unusual/ʌn'juːʒuəl/adj.[双解]differentfromwhatisnormal特殊的；不寻常的[语块]unusualtitle特殊的标题思索课文里的两张海报里的信息，然后回答问题。1．Whyshouldwegiveuglyachance?[参考答案]Becauseallspeciesaregoodandnecessaryforushumanswhetheritisgoodorbad,beautifulorugly.Weshouldtreatthemequally.Withoutvariety,ourplanetcannotsurvive.Soifwewantthefuturetobebeautiful,wehavetogiveuglyachance.2．Whatishappeningtokoala'shabitats?[参考答案]Billionsoftreesarebeingcutdowneveryyeartomakepaperforhumans,asaresult,alotofanimalhomesarebeingdestroyed!Ⅰ短语汇合英语短语汉语译文writeaone­sentencesummary写个一句话的总结payattentiontolesscuteanimals留意不太可爱的动物makeaposteraboutanendangeredanimal制作一张关于濒危动物的海报addtotheanimalfactsheet添加到动物资料表中increasethenumberofwildtigers增加野生老虎的数量buyfurorothertigerproducts购买毛皮或其他虎制品bemovedtoacleanandsafehabitat搬到干净平安的地方cleanuptherivers清理河流attractthereaders'attention吸引读者留意includekeyinformationabouttheanimal包括动物的关键信息explainwhyitisendangered说明为什么它面临灭亡supportitsinformationwithfacts用事实支持它的信息putuptheposterinyourclassroomorinapublicplace在教室或公共场所张贴海报请依据你的实际状况完整地回答问题完成对话：Teacher:Howcanyoumakeyourposterattractthereaders'attention?Student:________________________________________________________[参考答案]Wecanuseapowerfulimagetoattractthereaders'attentiontothefactsandproblems.Ⅱ语法句型汇合解析1．whenitcomesto句式课文原句及汉语译文分析Whenitcomestowildlifeprotection,allspecies—thegood,thebad,andtheugly—shouldbetreatedequally.(教材P20)当提到爱护野生动物，全部的物种——好的、坏的和丑的，都该被公允对待。句中的whenitcomesto...意为“一谈到；当提到；当谈到；当涉及某事(或做某事)时”。to是介词，其后跟名词或动名词。[用法详解]whenitcomesto位置敏捷，可置于句首或句尾。Whenitcomestolanguageteaching,thisprofessorisanexpert.说到语言教学，这个教授是专家。Theyareinexperiencedwhenitcomestophotography.说到摄影，他们就缺乏阅历了。Althoughsheplaysthepianowell,whenitcomestoEnglish,sheisnotsogood.虽然她钢琴弹得很好，但提到英语，她学得没那么好。(2024·江苏高考)Wearesofondofourhighintelligencethatweassumethatwhenitcomestobrainpower,moremustbebetter.我们特别喜爱我们的高智商，以至于我们认为当涉及到脑力时，总觉得智商越高就越好。请依据你的实际状况完整地回答问题完成对话：Teacher:WhenitcomestolearningEnglish,doyouhavesomegoodlearningstrategies?Student:________________________________________________________[参考答案]Yes,Ido./Yes,Ihavesomegoodlearningstrategies./No,Idon't./No,Idon'thaveanygoodlearningstrategies.2．不定式作目的状语用法课文原句及汉语译文分析Billionsoftreesarebeingcutdowneveryyeartomakepaperforhumans.(教材P20)人类为了造纸每年有数十亿的树木被砍伐。句中tomakepaperforhumans是不定式短语作目的状语。[用法详解]不定式作目的状语时，表示谓语动词所表示的动作的目的。不定式所表示的动作通常发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后。不定式作目的状语时可位于句首或句尾。为了表示强调，可在不定式前加inorder或soas，但soastodo一般不置于句首。不定式作目的状语时，其否定形式是inordernotto...和soasnotto...，不能干脆用“not＋不定式”。ManydoctorsworkdayandnighttofightagainsttheCOVID－19.很多医生夜以继日地抗击新冠肺炎。Inordernottobelateforthemeeting,let'shurry.为了开会不迟到，我们快点儿吧。Theexaminationquestionsarekeptsecretsoastopreventcheating.考试题需保密，以防作弊。请依据你的实际状况完整地回答问题完成对话：Teacher:Haveyoueverworkedhardtoachieveyourgoals?Student:________________________________________________________[参考答案]Yes,Ihave./Yes,Ihaveeverworkedhardtoachievemygoals./No,Ihaven't./No,Ihaven'tworkedhardtoachievemygoals.Ⅲ核心词汇学习1．attentionn.留意，立正句式例句payattentiontoPandas,dolphins,andothercutewildlifeareimportant,butwemustpayattentiontolesscuteanimals,too.熊猫、海豚和其他可爱的野生动物是重要的，但是我们也要把留意力放在不那么可爱的动物身上。Weshouldpayattentiontoprotectingwildlife.我们应当留意爱护野生动植物。catch/draw/attractone'sattentionThebeautifulbridecatches/draws/attractseveryone'sattention.这个漂亮的新娘吸引了全部人的留意。fix/focus/concentrateone'sattentiononTheteacheraskedthestudentstofix/focus/concentratetheirattentionontheclass.老师让学生们集中留意力上课。bringsthtoone'sattentionByusingaloudspeaker,thesalesmanbroughttheproductstocustomers'attention推销员用扩音器让顾客留意到产品。动＋名：attract/catch/getone'sattention引起某人的留意；bring/call/drawone'sattentionto...使某人留意到……；holdone'sattention使某人始终留意；directone'sattentionto...将留意力集中在……形＋名：carefulattention周密的关注；closeattention亲密的关注；fullattention聚精会神[同义词]regard(留意);notice(留意);concentration(用心)请依据你的实际状况完整地回答问题完成对话：Teacher:Doyoupayattentiontoyourteacherwhenyouarehavingclasses?Student:________________________________________________________[参考答案]Yes,Ido./Yes,IpayattentiontomyteacherwhenIamhavingclasses./No,Idon't./No,Idon'tpayattentiontomyteacherwhenIamhavingclasses.2．way短语/习语汇合短语/习语例句inaway在某种程度上Inaway,weareallresponsibleforthisaccident.从某种程度上说，我们都对这起事故负有责任。innoway一点儿也不，决不(位于句首时，句子要部分倒装)Innowaycanweacceptbullying.我们绝不能接受霸凌行为。bywayof经由，经过；取道JackwenttotheUSbywayofJapan.杰克经由日本去了美国。intheway挡道Ican'tgetpast.There'sacarintheway.我过不去，有一辆车挡道。ontheway在路上；即将去(或来)Thepatientisnowoutofhospitalandwellonthewaytorecovery.这个病人现在已经出院，快康复了。underway在进行中Afurtherinvestigationisunderway.该事务的进一步调查正在进行中。bytheway顺便提一下Bytheway,couldyoupleasetellmethewaytothenearbyrestaurant?顺便问一下，你能告知我去旁边餐馆的路吗？onthe/one'swayto在去……的路上Onherwaytoschool,LucymetherclassmateJerry.在去学校的路上，露西遇到了她的同学杰里。alltheway一路上，自始至终Shedidn'tspeakawordtomeallthewaybackhome.回家的路上，她一句话也没跟我说。outoftheway不再碍事，不再挡路Lookout!Abuscoming!Getoutoftheway.当心，一辆巴士车来了，快闪开！way以抽象的“路”为主，用于复合词。例如：expressway(高速马路);motorway(高速马路);highway(马路);railway(铁路)请依据你的实际状况完整地回答问题完成对话：Teacher:Bytheway,doyouhaveanEnglishname?Student:________________________________________________________[参考答案]Yes,Ido./Yes,IhaveanEnglishname./No,Idon't./No,Idon'thaveanEnglishname.3．up短语/习语汇合短语/习语例句stirup激起，激发Whatdoeseachposterusetostirupemotions?每张海报都用了什么来激起人们的心情？makeup组成，构成，编造Thenaughtyboyoftenmakesupsomestoriestocoverthetruth.那个调皮的男孩常常编造一些故事来掩盖真相。Thirtythreeboysandsixgirlsmakeupthisclass.这个班有33个男孩和6个女孩。takeup起先从事；占据，占据Heleftajobinthecitytotakeupfarming.他辞去城里的工作，起先务农。lookup查找；查阅Marylikeslookingupwordsinthedictionary.玛丽喜爱用字典查单词。goup(价格、数量或水平)上涨，上升Ifsealevelsgoup,thegovernmentwillbuildseawallsorrehousepeople.假如海平面上升，政府将建立海堤或重新安置人们。putup建立；搭起；设立；张贴；挂起Thebackpackersputuptheirtentsandsettleddownforthenight.背包客们搭起帐篷过夜。mixsb/sthup(withsb/sth)误以为……是；弄错Thisteacherlookssoyoungsopeopleoftenmixherupwithstudents.这位老师看起来很年轻，所以人们常常误以为她是学生。请依据你的实际状况完整地回答问题完成对话：Teacher：Doyouthinkmusiccanstirupyourimagination?Student:________________________________________________________[参考答案]Yes,Ido./Yes,Ithinkmusiccanstirupmyimagination./No,Idon't./No,Idon'tthinkmusiccanstirupmyimagination.4．unusualadj.特殊的；不寻常的句式/习语例句ItisunusualtodosthMaryisverypunctualsoitisunusualforhertobelate.玛丽很守时，所以她迟到是不寻常的。asusualDespiteherproblems,shecarriedonworkingasusual.尽管她有困难，她照常接着工作。[词类变更]unusuallyadv.不寻常地；意想不到地请依据你的实际状况完整地回答问题完成对话：Teacher:Itisunusualtosnowthisseason,isn'tit?Student:________________________________________________________[参考答案]Yes,itis./Yes,itisunusualtosnowinthisseason./No,itisn't./No,itiscommontosnowinthisseason.Ⅳ海报写作指导海报(Poster)是向公众报道或介绍有关戏剧、电影、文艺表演、体育竞赛等。登出海报的日期常写在最终一行，顶格写。一般的英文海报的格式如下(请留意这篇英文海报范文的左右对齐或者居中的格式):POSTERFriendlyBasketballMatchAllAreWelcomeOrganizedbytheStudents'Unionofourschool,afriendlybasketballmatchwillbeheldbetweenNo.2MiddleSchoolteamandoursonthebasketballcourtonSaturday,March6,2024at4pm.SchoolStudentUnionTuesday,March2,2024下面是一篇英语演讲竞赛海报和一张收养儿童海报的写作范文：ThisWeek'sEnglishSpeechContestTopic:HowtoProtectWildlifeTime:3pm－5pmSaturday,April10,2024Place:SchoolLectureRoomRegistrationway:ThestudentstakingpartinthecontestmaysigntheirnamesattheTeachers'Office.Deadlineforregistration:March31,2024SchoolStudentUnion1．写作框架野生动物爱护类英文海报常包括以下三个部分：标题在第一行的正中间写上“POSTER”字样，接着在其次行即“POSTER”下面写上野生动物爱护活动的详细名称或活动的内容。如：PandaProtectionGoing。海报的标题，要简洁明白，新奇醒目，能引起读者的爱好。正文在第三行写正文，正文为一段。野生动物爱护类海报的正文要求写清晰以下内容：第一，野生动物爱护的目的和意义；其次，野生动物爱护活动的主要项目、时间、地点等；第三，进行野生动物爱护的详细方法及一些必要的留意事项等。也即：发文事由＋主要内容。在正文的上方或左边放一个清晰醒目的照片，以吸引读者对海报内容的关注和帮助理解。结尾告知读者去思索什么问题或该如何去做。落款：要求写上主办单位的名称及海报的发文日期。2．写作模板Title(标题)Picture(ImageoftheSpecies)Whyisitendangered？PopulationWhatisbeingdone？Whatcanwedo？3．写作范文WhereAre“theGiantPandaUnderWater”？TheYangtzeRiverDolphinisaspeciesofsmallwhale,whichlivesintheYangtzeRiver,knownas“thegiantpandaunderwater”．Muchtooursadness,duetopollutionandhabitatloss,thepopulationoftheYangtzeRiverDolphinisonthesharpdecrease,withthenumberbetween1,000－1,800uptonow.Thespeciesisindangerofextinction,whichhasbecomeourgreatconcern.Althoughsomemeasureshavebeentaken,that'sfarfromenough.Weshouldmakeevengreatereffortstoprotectthem.Inotherwords,weshouldestablishmoresafeandcleanhabitatsforthemandprotecttheriverfrombeingpolluted.Let'stakeactionrightnow!CleanuptheRiver!Pleaseremember:protectinganimalsmeansprotectingourselves.4．写作句式开头常用句式(1)Anewreportsaysthatanimalssufferwhentheyare...一份新的报告称，动物们在……的时候也会苦痛。(2)Herewegetthechancetomeetsomewildleafmonkeys.这里我们有机会遇到一些野生的叶猴。(3)Weallshouldprotectwildlife.我们都应当爱护野生动物。(4)Arewedoingenoughtoprotecttheenvironment?我们在爱护环境方面做的够吗？主体段常用句式(1)Morethanhalfofallprimatespeciesaregroupedinfourcountries.超过半数的灵长类动物生活在四个国家。(2)Allkiwispeciesareendangered.全部种类的几维鸟都面临灭亡。(3)Youcanhelpbydonatingmoneytoprotectwildlife.你可以通过捐款来帮助爱护野生生物。(4)Itisbeneficialtoraisepeople'sawarenessofprotectingwildlife.提高人们爱护野生生物的意识是有益的。结尾常用句式(1)Ifpossible,IhopeIcanclonemoreanimals,becausemanyanimalshavebeenendangered.假如可以的话，我希望可以克隆更多的动物，因为很多动物已面临灭亡。(2)Soweshoulddosomethingtoprotect...所以我们应当实行一些措施去爱护……(3)Weshouldfindeffectivemeasurestoprotectwildanimals.我们应当找到有效方法来爱护野生动物。(4)Theearthisnotcompletewithoutwildanimals.没有野生动物的地球是不完整的。Ⅰ.回忆课文写短语(10分)1．华南虎和扬子鳄____________________________________________[参考答案]SouthChinatigerandYangtzeRiverdolphin2．制作一张关于濒危动物的海报___________________________________[参考答案]makeaposteraboutanendangeredanimal3．留意不太可爱的动物__________________________________________[参考答案]payattentiontolesscuteanimals4．清理河流____________________________________________________[参考答案]cleanuptherivers5．吸引读者的留意______________________________________________[参考答案]attractthereaders'attentionⅡ.高考题阅读(30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(2024·天津高考)Howdoesanecosystem(生态系统)work?Whatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare?Whyaretheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves?Tofindananswer,scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs,notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats.Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs,forinstance,consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.Whenapredator(掠食动物)alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey(猎物),thetwospeciesarestronglylinked;whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies,theyareweaklylinked.Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies,itcansurvivetheextinction(灭亡)ofoneofthem.Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare,theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable,wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.Inthe1960s,scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies—includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop­downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheocean,wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale,whileonland,wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.Scientistshavebuiltanearly­warningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally,thesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey,scientistssay,becauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint(临界点),itisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn.1．Whathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs?A．Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.B．Therulesgoverningfoodwebsoftheecosystems.C．Theapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems.D．Thedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksinfoodwebs.2．Astronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredator________.A．hasawidefoodchoiceB．caneasilyfindnewpreyC．stickstoonepreyspeciesD．canquicklymovetoanotherplace3．Whatwillhappenifthepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydecline?A．Thepreyspeciestheydirectlyattackwilldieout.B．Thespeciestheyindirectlyattackwillturnintotoppredators.C．Thelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged.D．Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges.4．WhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheexamplesinParagraph4?A．Uncontrolledhumanactivitiesgreatlyupsetecosystems.B．Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats.C．Speciesofcommercialvaluedominateotherspecies.D．Industrialactivitieshelpkeepfoodwebsstable.5．Howdoesanearly­warningsystemhelpusmaintaintheecologicalbalance?A．Bygettingillegalpracticesundercontrol.B．Bystoppingusfromkillinglargepredators.C．Bybringingthebroken­downecosystemsbacktonormal.D．Bysignalingtheurgentneedfortakingpreventiveaction.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生态系统的含义以及如何才能保持生态平衡。题号答案培育的思维实力解析1B推理推断实力第一段说为了弄清生态系统的运转，科学家建立了数学模型，找到了生态系统食物网中运行的关键原则，所以选B。2C推理推断实力依据题干的关键词Astronglink，我们把答案定位在其次段，依据该段的关键信息“Whenapredator...stronglylinked”可知，假如掠食动物只吃一种动物，那么它们的联系就特别紧密，所以选C。A、B、D都是aweaklink。3D理解细微环节获得信息的实力依据题干的关键词，掠食动物大大的削减，我们把答案定在第三段，该段说顶端掠食动物数量的细小变更都会给整个生态系统带来巨大的变更，所以选D。4A理解细微环节获得信息的实力第四段开头说，无安排的人类活动已经证明顶端掠食动物能自上而下地限制其他动物。然而说到人类对海洋和陆地顶端掠食动物的捕杀，并且说，这些行为极大地影响了生态平衡，所以选A。5D推理推断实力依据题干的关键信息，早期预警系统。我们把答案定在最终一段。该段说，这个系统是以数学模型为基础建立的，能告知我们什么时候应当变更把生态系统逼向崩溃的人类活动，然后说，预防是关键，所以选D。Ⅲ.时文阅读与翻译写作(35分)阅读下面短文，写一篇60词左右的概要，然后将Draftanoutline部分译成汉语。(概要写作：20分；翻译：15分)HowtoMakeanEye­CatchingandEffectivePosterWhetherprintedorsharedindigitalform,posterscontinuetobeamassivelypopularmediaformat,duetotheirabilitytomakeanimpactful(有影响力的)visualstatement.Theposterfirstemerged(出现)asanadvertisingmediuminthelate19thcentury.Overtime,postershavebeenusedtoexpressdifferentculturalzeitgeists(时代思潮)．Famousexamplesincludetheartnouveaumovement(新艺术运动)inBritainandParisinthe19thcentury,theGoldenAgeofWartimePropaganda(宣扬)duringWorldWarⅡ，thepsychedelicmovement(幻觉运动)ofthe1960s,andtheexplosionofpop­culturepostersadorning(装饰)teenagers'wallsinmoderntimes.Today,postersareusedformorepracticalapplications,suchaspoliticalcampaigns(运动),public­healthdrives,education,andsafety.Belowaresomeofthemostcommontypesofpostersinusetoday,alongwithabriefdescriptionofwhatmakesthemdifferentfromeachother.1．TypesofpostersEventPostersEvenintoday'sdigitalworld,eventposterscontinuetobeaprimarymediumforpromotingconcerts,playsandmusicals,fairs,sportingevents,conferences,andtradeshows.Almostanytypeofpubliceventisadvertisedwithaposterofsomekind,withsomeleavingalastingimpressiononourcollectivememories(集体记忆)．AdPostersAdpostershavegivenusmanyofmodernhistory'smosticonicpop­cultureimages.Sincetheturnofthe20thcentury,brandslikeCoca­Cola,Camel,Apple,andNikehaveproducedpostersthatwithstoodthetestoftime.Manyoftheseadsweredesignedtobemulti­purposeprintads,distributedthroughmagazines,newspapers,billboards,andpostersaroundcities.PoliticalPostersSomeofthemostfamouspostersareassociatedwithmajormomentsandconflictsinhumanhistory.DuringWorldWarⅠ，theUSArmyproducedthe“IWantYou”posterdepictingacommandingUncleSamurgingtheviewertojointhewareffortinEurope.InWorldWarⅡ，WestinghouseElectricreleasedthe“WeCanDoIt”postertoboostemployeemoraleandreduceabsenteeism.In2008,theiconicBarackObama“Hope”poster,designedbyartistShepardFairey,cametorepresenttheenergyandoptimismsurroundingtheformerpresident'scampaign.MoviePostersOfcourse,nodiscussionaboutposterswouldbecompletewithoutmovieposters.Theseareperhapsthemostpopularandsought­afterofprintmaterials.ThisisespeciallytrueforpostersofclassicslikeTheGodfather,Jaws,StarWars,PulpFiction,andTerminator,amongmanyotherhitfilmsandfranchises.MotivationalPostersAnyonewhowasinhighschoolinthe1980sand1990swouldprobablyrememberamotivationalposterhangingintheclassroomorprincipal'soffice.You'veseenitbefore:aphotograph(usuallyofnaturallandscapes,animals,andpeople)enclosedbyablackborderpairedwithsentiments(看法)aboutperseverance(毅力),hardwork,andteamworkwritteninboldtext.Admittedly,theseposterscanlookdated.Buttherearemotivationalpostersthatcomeinmorecontemporary(当代的)designs.TravelPostersPostersareperfectforthetravelindustrybecausethesemakeastrongvisualstatement.Tourismagencies,tourcompanies,airports,andlocalgovernmentshaveusedtravelposterssincetheearly20thcenturytoencouragetraveltodifferentdestinations.Justuseadramaticimageofalocation,addthenameoftheplace,andyou'vegotyourselfaposterthatjustmightgetpeople'swanderlust(漫游癖；旅行癖)going.Educational/InformativePostersLastbutnotleastareyoureducationalorinformativeposters.Theseareusedintheacademicandcorporate(公司的)worldstoconveyinstructions,researchwork,interestingfacts,companyannouncements,andmore.2．DraftanoutlineYouneedtocreateanoutlinetoensureanyinformationyou'representingisclear,clean,andconcise.Itmayseemlikeagoodi