2021-2022学年山西省晋城市陵川高级某中学高二（上）开学英语试卷（附答案详解）

2021-2022学年山西省晋城市陵川高级实验中学高二（上）

开学英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共45.0分）

A

Ashumanityhasgotricher,animal'sroleshavechanged.Peopleneedtheirserviceslessthan

before,Fewerwolvesandthievesmeantlessdemandfordogsforprotection；theinternal

combustionengine（内燃机）madehorsesunneeded；modemsanitation（卫生设备）kept

ratsincheckandmadecatslessuseful.Nolongernecessities,domesticanimalsbecame

luxuries.Pet-keepingseemstokickinwhenhouseholdincomesriseaboveroughly$5,000.It

isbooming.

Thetrendisnotanewone.Archaeologists（考古学家）havefound10,000-year-oldgravesin

whichdogsandpeopleareburiedtogether.Somecultures-suchasinScandinavia,wheredogs

havelongbeenbothworkingdogsandcompanions-havekeptpetsforthousandsofyears.But

thesedaysthepet-keepingurgehasspreadeventopartsoftheworldwhichhavenotraditionof

sinkingintoacomfortablechairwithafurrycreature.

Thepetbusinessisgrowingevenfasterthanpetnumbers,becausepeoplearespendingmore

andmoremoneyonthem.Nolongeraretheyfood-waste-recyclers,fedwiththeremainsthat

fallfromtheirmasters*tables.Pet-foodshelvesarefullofdelicaciescraftedtosatisfyarangeof

appetites,includingicecreamfordogsandfoodsforpetsthatareold,diabeticorsufferfrom

sensitivedigestion；anumberofinternetservicesofferfood,tailoredtothepet*sindividual

tastes.

Inthebusinessthisiscalled"pethumanization"-thetendencyofpetownerstotreattheirpetsas

partofthefamily.Thisisevidentinthenamesgiventodogs,whichhaveevolvedfrom

Fido,RexandSpotto-inAmerica-Bella,LucyandMax.Itisevidentinthegrowingmarketfor

petclothing,petgroomingandpethotels.

Peoplestillassumethatpetsmustbeworkingforhumanityinsomeway,perhapsmaking

peoplehealthierorlessanxious.Buttheevidenceforthatisweak.Rather,newresearchsuggests

thatdogshaveevolvedthoseirresistible"puppy-dogeyes'1preciselytoaffecthuman

emotions.lthasworked.Thespeciesthatonceenslavedothersnowworksveryhardtopayfor

thecareofitspets.Sentimental（多愁善感的）Americansoftenrefertothemselvesnotas

cat-ownersbutasthecat's,'mommynor,,daddyM.SouthKoreansgoonefurther,describing

themselvesascat"butlers".Watchanunluckydog-walkertrailingnhisMhound（猎犬）,plastic

baginhandtopickupitsmess,andyouhavetowonder：who'sinchargenow?

1.WhichofthefollowingtrendsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.People'sneedsforanimalservicesaredecreasing.

B.Boththepetnumberandthepetbusinessaregrowing.

C.Petsareincreasinglymakingtheirownerslessanxious.

D.Petfoodsaremorevariousandcustomizedthanbefore.

2.Whichofthefollowingisreferredtoasevidenceofnpethumanization"?

A.ThenamesgiventopetsinAmericanfamiliesnowadays.

B.Pet'sinbuiltabilitytoaffectemotionsoftheirowners.

C.Humanbeingseverrisingurgeforpet-keeping.

D.Pet'srolesasbothworkingstaffandcompanions.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistheauthormostlikelytoagreewith?

A.Petsshouldbetreatedasequalsoftheirhumanmasters.

B.Humanbeingsaregettingmuchbenefitfromtheirpets.

C.Pet-keepingistillrestrictedwithincertainpartsoftheworld.

D.Somepetownersspendtoomuchmoneyontheirpets.

4.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.TheChangingRolesofAnimalsB.TheUrgeforPet-keeping

C.WhoOwnsWhomD.LoveMe,LoveMyDog

B

Afewmonthsagojasonaskedhisparentstobuyhimacomputer.Allisfriendsalreadyhad

one,sohismomanddadagreed.Duringthefirstfewweeks,Jasonspentalotoftimeinfrontof

hiscomputerbecausehehadtolearnhowitworked.Hewasreallyinterestedinlearningall

aboutitandheevenstartedwritingcomputerprogramshimself.

OnedayJasonfoundawebsitewherehecouldplaychesseitheragainstthecomputeroragainst

otherpeoplefromallovertheworld.Fromthenonjasonseemedtohavejustoneinterestin

life,hiscomputer.Wheneverhisparentstoldhimthathewasspendingtoomuchtimewithhis

computer,Jasonwentintodenial.Hedidnotthinkthathehadaproblematall.

Thentheunthinkablehappened：Jason'scomputerbrokedown.Buthisparentsdecidednotto

buyhimanewone.Jasonsaidthatheneededacomputerforschool,andhepromisedthathe'd

第2页，共20页

spendlesstimewithit.Buthisparentsrefusedtogivein.Finally,Jasonfeltsohopelessthathe

tooktheonlywayoutandkilledhimself.

RobertJohnson,apsychologist（心理学家）onthesubject,says,"Computeraddictionisan

illnessthatcaninfluenceanyoneofus.Nowadays,increasingnumbersofpeoplearespending

moreandmoretimeworkingwithcomputers.Whilethisisn'taproblemformostusers,some

people,especiallyteenagers,oftenusethecomputertogetawayfromtherealworld.Thisis

especiallytrueofshypeople.Forthem,meetingpeopleonlineisawayofhidingtheirtrue

selves.Incyberspace（网络空间）theycanbewhoevertheywanttobeandcreatetheirown

virtual（虚拟的）world.Butwhathappenswhentheycannolongerentertheirvirtualworld?

H

5.WhydidJasonwanttobuyacomputeraccordingtoParagraph1?

A.Toplaychess.

B.Tomakefriends

C.Toavoidbeinganoutsider（外人）.

D.Towritecomputerprograms.

6.Bysaying"Jasonwentintodenial",theauthormeans.

A.JasonenjoyedhimselfB.Jasonwouldnotlisten

C.JasonwouldturnitoffD.Jasonchangedhismind

7.WhatwasJason*srelationshipwithhisparentslikewhenhiscomputerbrokedown?

A.Fine.B.Terrible.C.Soso.D.Unknown.

8.InRobertJohnson'sopinion,.

A.itisimpossibletobeatcomputeraddition

B.teenagersshouldstayawayfromcomputers

C.shypeoplegetaddictedtocomputerseasily

D.computersaregettingusintoserioustrouble

c

Thereissuchagroupofsingersinthewesternmusicalcircleatpresent,whoenterthebusiness

asonlinecelebrities（名人）andthenbecometopidolsandgiantstarsglobally.Theybecome

popularfortheirvideosonlineandthentheyarediscoveredbytalentagentsandgradually

causehugestormsinthemusicalcircle.TroyeSivan,asingerwhoisnicknamednchuoyeu,

becamepopularonYouTubefromanearlyage.

Asapopularvideosharingwebsite,YouTubehasgivenrisetoplentyofstars,creatinganew

celebrityculture.Providingaplatformwhereanyonecanpostvideos,YouTubepresentsthe

opportunityforanyonetoachievefamebysimplyuploadingashortvideo.Sivanhasbeen

makingYouTubevideossincehewas12toshowhissingingtalent.Inthedigitalage,Sivanhas

alreadydevelopedlargedevotedaudienceonlineandhistouchingvideoblogshaveearnedhim

extremepopularity.

AsurveyhasshowedthatUSteenagersaremoreattractedtoYouTubestars,whichisa

surprisingresult,YouTubestarsarejudgedtobemoreattractive,outstandingandrelatedthan

traditionalstars.Lookingatthesurveycommentsandfeedback,teensenjoyacloseandreal

experiencewithYouTubecelebrities,whoaren'tcarefullydirectedbydesign.Teensalsosay

theyappreciateYouTubestars,senseofhumorandrisk-takingspirit,whichareoftenlimitedby

Hollywoodstars.Asaresult,singerswhomaketheirfirstshowinthetraditionalwaynolonger

haveacompleteadvantageinfrontoftheaudience.Onlineplatformsopenupalotofdosfor

people.Theybecomethebestplacetobediscovered.

9.WhyisTroyeSivanmentionedinParagraph1?

A.Togiveanexampleforthetopic.

B.Touncoverthesecretofsuccessonline.

C.Toaddmorebackgroundinformation.

D.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.

10.WhatmadeTroyeSivanasuccessaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Learningtosingatanearlyage

B.Developinglotsoffansonline.

C.Sharinghisfamilystoresonline.

D.Startingadifferentmusicstyle.

11.WhyareYouTubestarssoattractiveinthedigitalage?

A.Theyaremorefirmlyconnectedwithteens.

B.Theyaremorehardworkingthantraditionalstars.

C.Theyareoftencarefullydesigned.

D.Theyarediscoveredinatraditionalway.

12.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsonlineplatformslikeYouTube?

A.Worried.B.Regretful.C.Supportive.D.Doubtful.

D

第4页，共20页

Themirrorself-recognitiontestwasdreamedupinthe1960'sbyGordonGallup,Jr.,ascientist

nowwiththeStateUniversityofNewYork.Backthen,hewasagraduatestudenttakinga

courseinpsychology,andthestudentswereaskedtocomeupwithanideaforanexperiment.

"Iwaswashingmyfaceinfrontofamirroroneday,"saysGrallup."Itoccurredtomewouldn't

beinterestingtoseeifotheranimalscouldrecognizethemselvesinmirrors?”

Stilllookingatthemirror,herealizedhecouldtestananimalbysecretlymarkingitsfacewith

somekindofreddye（染料），toseeifitcouldusethemirrortoaccessthesestrangeredmarks.

Nosuchtesthadbeendonebefore,eventhoughpeoplehadlongobservedanimalslookinginto

mirrors.Mostspeciestendtotreatamirrorimageasastrangertobecourted（献殷勤）or

attacked.Somescientiststhoughtthatprimates（灵长类）mightdobetter.CharlesDarwinonce

watchedwithinterestasanorangutan（红毛猩猩）namedJennymadefacesatamirror.

WhenGallupstarteddoingexperimentswithchimps（黑猩猩），afewyearsafterhecameup

withhistest,hefoundthatatfirstthechimpsactedasifthemirrorimagewereanother

animal.Butthen,afteracoupleofdaystheybeganusingthemirrortoexaminepartsoftheir

bodiesliketheirteeth.

WhenGallupputreddyeontheirfaces,thechimpslaterwokeupandreactedtotheunexpected

mirrorimageasiftheyunderstoodthatthemarkswereontheirownfaces.

InGallup'sview,onlythreespecieshavemirrorself-recognition：chimps,orangutans,and

humans.Others,though,thinkthelistislong.DianaReiss,ascientistatHunterCollege,hastested

bothdolphinsandelephantsandbelievesthatbothshowsignsofrecognizingthemselvesin

mirrors.

13.Whofirstcameupwiththeideaofthemirrorself-recognitiontest?

A.Auniversitystudent.

B.AzookeeperinNewYork.

C.AteacherinHunterCollege.

D.Ascientistinaresearchorganization.

14.WhatdidGordonGallupintendthereddyefor?

A.Markinghisimageinthemirror.

B.Markinghisownfacebeforewashing.

C.Markingthefaceoftheanimaltobetested.

D.Markingananimalwithoutself-recognitionability.

15.Howdidchimpsreacttotheirimageinthemirror?

A.Theyshowednointerestinit.

B.Theyexaminedthatimagecarefully.

C.Theytookitasanotheranimalatfirst.

D.Theyimmediatelyrecognizedwhatillwas.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共15.0分）

Itisawarwithoutguns,bombs,orsmoke.Anewcoronavirus（新冠肺炎），adeadly

disease,breaksoutallovertheworld.Morethan2.7millionpresentconfirmedcasesare

reportedrecently,WHOsays,addingthatthecaseshaveresultedinmorethan325thousand

deaths.Whatshouldyoudotokeepyourselffromthisvirus?⑴

1.Cleanhandswithsoapandwateroralcohol-basedhandrub.

Itisquitenecessarytocleanyourhandswithsoapandwatercompletelyforatleast20seconds

beforeyouhavemealsandafterusingthetoilet,especiallyafteryoureturnhome.Ifyouarenot

carefulenoughtocontactwithanimalsordealwithanimalwastes,you'dbetterwashyourhands

withalcohol-basedrub.⑵，sothisisveryimportant.

2.（3L

Whenitcomestohuman.tohumantransmission（传播）oftheviruses,itoftenhappenswhen

someonecomesintocontactwithaninfectedperson^secretions（分泌物）,suchasdroplets

（小水滴，飞沫）inacough.Therefore,whenyoucoughorsneeze,youshouldcoveryour

mouthandnosewithatissue,oryoucancoughorsneezeintoyoursleeve,butavoidcovering

withyourhanddirectly.

3.Wearmasks.

Wearingamaskisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoprotectyoufromgettinginfected.Make

suretowearitproperlybytighteningupthenoseclipandpullingthebottomofitoveryour

chin.（4）ifyouarenotfeelingwellorhavesymptomsoffever.

4.Takeexerciseregularly.

（5）Itcanstrengthenyourheartandensuretheefficientflowofbloodthroughoutthe

body.Besides,itcanalsoimproveyouimmunesystem,tosomedegreemakingithelpfultoget

awayfromthevirusesandillnesses.Comeon!Moveyourbody,andyouwillbecomestronger

andstronger.

Allinall,ifyouhavesymptomsoffeverandrespiratoryinfection,youmustseekimmediate

medicalattention.

第6页，共20页

A.Amaskisalsoneededtopreventyoufromspreadinggermstoothers.

B.Takingexerciseregularlyisoneofthemostimportantwaystostayawayfromthevirus.

C.Herearesomesuggestionsyoucanfollowinyourdailylife.

D.Ifyouwanttotakeexercise,youshouldgetupearly.

E.Animalsareverydangerous.

F.Virusescanspreadfromhumancontactwithanimals.

G.Covernoseandmouthwhilecoughingandsneezing.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共30.0分)

Mythree-year-oldson.Nathan,wasdiggingthesandtobuildacastle.AlthoughIwarnedhim

it'dbe(21).heinsistedonbuildingitinthepathofeverysinglewavethatwould(22)onthe

shore.

Isighed,figuringtheonlywaytomakehim(23)wastodoashelikedandlethimseewhat

wouldhappen.!onlyhopedhewouldn'tbetoo(24)whenthatfirstwavedestroyedhis(25).

Butwhenthewatercameandwashedawayhiscastle,hejumpedupanddownandclappedhis

hands.HThat'sgreat!Let'sdoitagain!"Ididn'tknowhowhecould(26)seeinghisfruitoflabor

ruined.

"Isitreallyfunwhenthewaveswashawaythe(27)?"

"Yes,"hesaid.

Lookingathim.Ithoughtaboutmy(28)athome.NothingIdidthereeverseemedto(29).1

prepareddinners,whichtenminutesafteriplacedthemonthetablewerecompletely

consumed.Imoppedfloorsonlytoseesomeone(30)themontheirfirsttripinfromtheback

yard.Mylifewasjustonenever-endingto-dolist.

JustlikethesandcastlesNathanbuilt,allmy(31)werewashedawaybyagiantwavecalled

FamilyLife.NothingIdidlastedbeyondthemoment.

Becauseofthis,Ioftenstruggledfeeling(32).1wonderedifthethingsIdidcounted.Andif

nothingIdidmattered,thatmeantthatIdidn'tmatter.

ButasIwatchedmychild(33)inthesandhappily,!realizedthatFmbuildingsomething

(34).somethingthatwilllastforever.

I'm(35)afamily.

21.A.takenapartB.washedawayC.clearedupD.dugout

22.A.crashB.danceC.floatD.appear

23.A.understandB.regretC.refuseD.struggle

24.A.angryB.frightenedC.surprisedD.upset

25.A.futureB.creationC.worldD.gift

26.A.imagineB.standC.avoidD.gift

27.A.toolsB.clothesC.shoesD.castles

28.A.petB.itemC.lifeD.plan

29.A.lastB.happenC.helpD.exist

30.A.emptyB.dirtyC.narrowD.dry

31.A.tearsB.worriesC.feelingsD.efforts

32.A.confusedB.fancyC.competitiveD.unfair

33.A.lyingB.diggingC.rollingD.sleeping

34.A.actualB.slightC.importantD.formal

35.A.protectingB.designingC.buildingD.creating

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共20.0分)

36.Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.The

unmannedChang'e-4probe(探测器)-thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoon

goddess-⑴(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.Landingonthe

moon*sfarsideis⑵(extreme)challenging.Becausethemoon'sbodyblocksdirectradio

communicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemoonina

spot(3)itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisof

particular(4)(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山),

moreso(5)thefamiliarnearside.Chineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboard

Chang'e-4⑹(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.''Thisreallyexcites

第8页，共20页

scientists/CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,''becauseit⑺（mean）

wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon⑻（construct）.”Data

aboutthemoon'scomposition,suchashow（9）iceandothertreasuresitcontains,could

helpChinadecidewhether（10）（it）plansforafuturelunar（月球的）basearepractical.

五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）

37.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删

除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Ilovedoinghousework.Ialwaysassistmyparentsindoingthedishaftermeals.Ialso

watertheflowersintheyardandtidyingupmyownbedroomwhatevernecessary.Inmy

opinion,studentscanbenefitalotdoingsomehousework.Firstly,doinghouseworkwas

helpfulforustobearesponsibleperson.Also,itgivesourparentsmoretimetodowhat

theyarelikeanditimprovesthefamilyrelationship.What'smost,doinghouseworkcanbe

aformofmentallyrelaxationfromstudy.Thafsourviewonhousework.Andhopesthis

caninspiremorethinkingonthetopic!

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

38.你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Besmartonlinelearners为题写一篇发言稿参赛，

内容包括：

1.分析优势与不足；

2.提出学习建议。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.题目和首句己为你写好。

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小题1]C【小题2】A【小题3】D【小题4】C

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"Peoplestillassumethatpetsmustbe

workingforhumanityinsomeway,perhapsmakingpeoplehealthierorlessanxious.Butthe

evidenceforthatisweak.Rather,newresearchsuggeststhatdogshaveevolvedthose

irresistible"puppy-dogeyes"preciselytoaffecthumanemotions."可知，人们仍然认为宠物

必须以某种方式为人类工作，使人们更健康或更少焦虑，但这方面的证据并不充分，相

反，新的研究表明狗狗进化出了那些不可抗拒的眼神，正是为了影响人类的情绪，因此

”宠物越来越让主人不那么焦虑”这一说法是错误的，故选Co

（2）A.细节理解题。根据原文倒数第二段Thisisevidentinthenamesgiventodogs,which

haveevolvedfromFido,RexandSpotto--inAmerica—Bella,LucyandMax.（这一点在狗

的名字中很明显,从Fido,Rex和Spot到美国的Bella,Lucy和Max。）可知,现在美国

家庭给宠物取的名字很能体现出“宠物人性化”。故选Ao

（3）D.细节理解题。根据原文第三段Thepetbusinessisgrowingevenfasterthanpet

numbers,becausepeoplearespendingmoreandmoremoneyonthem.（宠物生意的增长甚至

比宠物数量还要快，因为人们在宠物上花的钱越来越多。）可知，一些宠物主人在他们

的宠物上花费太多的钱。故选D。

（4）C.标题判断题。根据文章第一句Ashumanityhasgotricher,animal'sroleshavechanged.

（随着人类越来越富裕，动物的角色也发生了变化。）及最后一段Watchanunlucky

dog-walkertrailing"his"hound（猎犬），plasticbaginhandtopickupitsmess,andyouhave

towonder：who'sinchargenow?（看着一个不走运的遛狗人拖着“他的“猎犬，手里拿着

塑料袋收拾残局，你会想：现在谁做主了？）可知，文章对人类与宠物的扮演的角色发

出的灵魂拷问。因此C.WhoOwnsWhom（谁拥有谁）为最佳标题。故选C。

这是一篇议论文。文章对人类与宠物的扮演的角色发出的灵魂拷问。

做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相

关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

5.【答案】

第10页，共20页

【小题1】C【小题2】B【小题3】B【小题4】C

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据文章第一段"Afewmonthsago,Jasonaskedhisparents

tobuyhimacomputer.Allhisfriendsalreadyhadone,sohismomanddadagreed."（几个月

前，杰森让他的父母给他买一台电脑。他所有的朋友都已经有了，所以他的父母同意了。）

可知，因为朋友们都有电脑，只有他没有。由此推知，Jason因为不想成为局外人，让

他的父母给他买电脑。故选C。

（2）B.句意猜测题。根据下文"Hedidnotthinkthathehadaproblematall."（他不认

为他有任何问题。）可知，划线词所在句子意为"父母每次提醒他玩电脑太长时间了，

他都不听。"故选B。

（3）B.推理判断题。根据文章第三段"Buthisparentsrefusedtogivein.Finally,Jasonfelt

sohopelessthathetooktheonlywayoutandkilledhimself."（但他的父母拒绝让步。最后，

杰森感到非常绝望，他选择了唯一的出路一一自杀。）可推知，当电脑坏掉后，他们关

系很糟糕，A.Fine好的；B.Terrible糟糕的；C.Soso一般；D.Unknown不出名的。故选

Bo

（4）C.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段"WhileIhisisn'taproblemformostusers,some

people,especiallyteenagers,oftenusethecomputertogetawayfromtherealworld.Thisis

especiallytrueofshypeople."（虽然这对大多数用户来说不是问题，但有些人，尤其是青

少年，经常使用电脑来逃离现实世界。这对害羞的人来说尤其如此。）可知，Robert

Johnson认为害羞的人更容易对电脑上瘾，因为他们想要使用电脑来逃离现实世界。故

选Co

本文是一篇记叙文。通过Jason的故事，文章旨在警告青少年要合理的使用电脑。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑

关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章

未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作

者观点。

9.【答案】

【小题1】A【小题2】B【小题3】A【小题4】C

【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第一Thereissuchagroupofsingersinthewestern

musicalcircleatpresent,whoenterthebusinessasonlinecelebrities（名人）andthenbecome

topidolsandgiantstarsglobally目前西方音乐圈有这样一群歌手，他们以网络名人的身

份进入音乐圈，然后成为全球顶级偶像和巨星，可知是因为举一个在网站帮助下成为知

名歌手的例子。故选A。

（2）B.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句"Inthedigitalage,Sivanhasalreadydeveloped

largedevotedaudienceonlineandhistouchingvideoblogshaveearnedhimextreme

popularity."（在数字时代，Sivan已经在网上拥有了大量忠实的观众，他的感人视频博

客也为他赢得了极高的人气。）可知，TroyeSivan成功的原因是分享他家里的故事。故

选Bo

（3）A.细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句"Lookingatthesurveycommentsand

feedback,teensenjoyacloseandrealexperiencewithYouTubecelebrities,whoaren'tcarefully

directedbydesign."（看看调查的评论和反馈，青少年喜欢与YouTube名人亲密而真实

的体验，这些名人不是被精心设计的。）可知，在数字时代，YouTube明星如此吸引人

是因为他们与青少年的联系更加紧密。故选A。

（4）C.情感态度题。根据最后一段Onlineplatformsopenupalotofdoorsforpeople.They

becomethebestplacetobediscovered.在线平台为人们打开了许多大门，它们成为人们发

现的最佳场所。可知作者态度是支持的，A.Worried担心的；B.Regretful后悔的；

C.Supportive支持的；D.Doubtful怀疑的。故选C。

这是一篇说明文。文章对例如YouTube这样的网络平台对名人文化的推动作用进行了

介绍。

做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相

关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

13.【答案】

【小题1]A【小题2】C【小题3】C

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据文章第一段

"Themirrorself-recognitiontestwasdreamedupinthe1960'sbyGordonGallup,Jr.,

ascientistnowwiththeStateUniversityofNewYork.Backthen,hewasagraduatestudentta

kingacourseinpsychology,andthestudentswereaskedtocomeupwithanideaforanexper

第12页，共20页

iment”（镜子自我识别测试是20世纪60年代由现任职于纽约州立大学的科学家小戈登

•盖洛普（GordonGallup,Jr.）提出的。当时，他还是一名攻读心理学的研究生，学生们

被要求为一个实验想出一个想法。）可知，是一个大学学生首先提出了镜子自我识别测

试的想法。故选A项。

（2）C.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中

"Stilllookingatthemirror,herealizedhecouldtestananimalbysecretlymarkingitsfacewit

hsomekindofreddye（染料）,

toseeifitcouldusethemirrortoaccessthesestrangeredmarks."（当他看着镜子的时候，

他意识到他可以通过在动物的脸上偷偷地涂上某种红色染料来测试它，看它是否可以利

用镜子来获取这些奇怪的红色标记。）可知，戈登・盖洛普打算用红色染料标记待测动

物的面部。故选C项。

（3）C.细节理解题。根据文章第五段中

"WhenGallupstarteddoingexperimentswithchimps（黑猩猩）,

afewyearsafterhecameupwithhistest,hefoundthatatfirstthechimpsactedasifthemirr

orimagewereanotheranimal."（在盖洛普提出他的测试数年之后，他开始用黑猩猩做实

验，他发现，一开始，黑猩猩表现得好像镜像是另一种动物。）可知，黑猩猩把自己在

镜中的形象当作另一种动物。故选C项。

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一名攻读心理学的研究生对动物进行镜子自我识别测试

的过程及结构。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的

分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16.【答案】

【小题1]C【小题2】F【小题3】G【小题4】A【小题5】B

【解析】（1）C.推理判断题。根据后文的副标题介绍建议，可知表示”以下是一些你可

以在日常生活中遵循的建议”的选项C符合前后的语境，suggestions是关键词，故选C。

（2）F.细节理解题。根据前句Ifyouarenotcarefulenoughtocontactwithanimalsordeal

withanimalwastes,you'dbetterwashyourhandswithalcohol-basedrub

表示“如果你不小心接触动物或处理动物排泄物，你最好用含酒精的摩擦剂洗手”，可知

表示“病毒可以通过人类与动物的接触传播”的选项F符合前后的语境，contactwith

animalsordealwithanimalwastes是关键词，故选F。

(3)G.主旨大意题。根据后句Therefore,whenyoucoughorsneeze,youshouldcoveryour

mouthandnosewithatissue,oryoucancoughorsneezeintoyoursleeve,butavoidcovering

withyourhandsdirectly表

示"因此，当你咳嗽或打喷嚏时，应该用纸巾捂住口鼻，也可以用袖子咳嗽或打喷嚏，

但要避免直接用手捂住”，可知表示“咳嗽和打喷嚏时捂住口鼻”的选项G符合本段的主

题，coveryourmouthandnosewithatissue是关键词，故选G。

(4)A.细节理解题。根据主题句Wearmasks以及后半句ifyouarenotfeelingwellor

havesymptomsoffever表示"如果你感觉不舒服或有发烧症状"，

可知表示“你还需要一个口罩来防止你把病菌传染给别人”的选项A符合前后的语境，

Wearmasks是关键词，故选A。

(5)B.细节理解题。根据主题句Takeexerciseregularly表示"经常锻炼"，可知表示

”经常运动是远离病毒最重要的方法之一”的选项B符合前后的语境,exercise是关键词，

故选B。

新型冠状病毒是一种致命的疾病，在世界各地暴发流行。本文介绍避免感染这种病毒的

方法。

七选五题型看似简单，实际上有时完全作对并不容易，需要方法和分析能力及足够的耐

力，有必要进行专门练习。首先，快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放

在文章的什么位置；其次，快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构，分析篇章结

构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意；其三，注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句

中衔接标志词，七选五备选答案中有两个多余的选项，会对文章中两个空的选择构成干

扰，这时要特别细致地比对相似选项；最后，用代入法，检查答案是否合理，将所有选

择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语篇结构

是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰

当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。

21.【答案】

【小题1]B【小题2】A【小题3】A【小题4】D【小题5】B

【小题6】B【小题7】D【小题8】C【小题9】A【小题10]B

【小题11】D[小题12]A【小题13]B【小题14]C【小题15]C

第14页，共20页

【解析】(1)B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.takenapart拆开；B.washedaway冲

走，洗掉；C.clearedup清除；D.dugout挖出。句意：尽管我警告过他，它会被

冲走，但他坚持要在每一个可能撞击海岸的海浪经过的地方建造它。根据上文的My

three-year-oldson,Nathan,wasdiggingthesandtobuildacastle.和

Alth