浙江省衢州市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末教学质量检测英语试卷

秘密★启用前衢州市2024年1月高一年级教学质量检测试卷注意事项：1．全卷分试卷和答题卷。考试结束后，将答题卷上交。2．试卷共8页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。3．请将答案做在答题卷的相应位置上，写在试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howwillthespeakerstravelfirst?A.Onfoot. B.Bycar. C.Bybus.【答案】B【解析】原文】W:Iheardtheroadisreallyterrible,soit’simpossibleforustogettherebybus.M:Yes.We’lldrivetothenearesthut,andthenwe’llwalktothedestinationfromthere.W:IthinkIneedtoputonmyhikingboots.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhichsubjectisthemostdifficultforTom?A.Physics. B.History. C.Chemistry.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Whatisthemostchallengingsubjectforyou,Tom?M:Physicsandchemistryaredifficult,butinhistory,therearemanydatestoremember.Ithinkit’sthemostchallenging.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchdoesthemanusuallypayfortelephoneservicespermonth?A.About$20. B.About$30. C.About$50.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:John,howmuchdoyoupayforelectricityandtelephoneservices?M:Myelectricitybillisabout30dollarsamonth,andmytelephonebillisusually20dollarsmorethanelectricitybill.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaclothingstore. B.Athome. C.Atschool.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Howaboutthisshirt?Wouldyouliketotryiton?M:Idon’tlikethecolor.I’dliketotrythiswhiteone,andIdefinitelyneedashirtforgraduation.Howmuchisit?5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatwillthemanprobablydofortheChineseNewYear?A.Visithisaunt. B.Studyathome. C.TraveltoNewYork.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:AreyougoingsomewherefortheChineseNewYear?W:IthoughtaboutgoingtovisitmyauntinNewYork.Howaboutyou?M:I’llprobablyjuststudyathomesinceitisverycoldthosedays.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatwasthemandoingjustnow?A.Goingshopping. B.Workingathisoffice. C.Repairingthedoor.7.WhomightTombe?A.Mary’shusband. B.Mary’sboss. C.Mary’sgrandfather.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Dad?M:Oh,Mary!Howareyou?Isthereanythingwrong?W:No.IjustmissyouandMom.It’sbeenquitealongtimesinceIsawyoulasttime.M:Oh,we’rebothfine.Yourmomisinthenewshoppingcenter.Ihavejustfinishedrepairingthefrontdoor.How’slittleBilly?W:Billystaysathometoday.Hehasacold,butit’snotserious.M:That’sgood.HowisTom?W:He’sfine.HelikeshisworkandwasgivenaraiselastmonthbyMr.Brown.Wewereveryhappyaboutthat.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whydoesn’tthemanlikewatchingbasketballgames?A.Therearefewtalentedplayers.B.Therearelotsofadvertisements.C.Therearefewbasketballgamesinhiscity.9.Whatcanwesayabouttheman?A.Hardworking. B.Confident. C.Anxious.【答案】8.B9.B【解析】【原文】W:Iwonderwhyyoudon’tlikewatchingbasketballgameswhileyoulikeplayingit.M:Well,thestreetsinourcityhavebeenfilledwithadvertisementsfortheNBA.Youcanseethemeverywhere.Theyannoyme.W:Buttherearesomanytalentedplayersthere.It’sapleasuretowatchthemplaygames.M:Themoreyouseethem,themoreyougrowboredofthem.Besides,wecandothose,too.W:Ha!I’mnotquitesureaboutthat!ButIhavetosayyouareaverygoodplayer.M:IknowI’mnotbadandIbelieveIwillbeeaprofessionalbasketballplayerinthefuture.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whatsportstodo. B.Whentohaveatrip. C.Howtospendtheirweekend.11.Whathappenedtothemaninthelastfishingtrip?A.Hehurthisarm.B.Helosthisboots(靴子).C.Hedidn’tgetanyfish.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Goingclimbing. B.Playinggames. C.Goingfishing.【答案】10.C11.C12.B【解析】【原文】W:It’sFridayfinally!Let’sdosomethingfunthisweekend,dear.Wecangototheparkforapicnic.M:Itwillbetoohot,andit’stooboring.W:Howaboutmountainbiking?It’smyfavorite.M:Thatsoundsgreat,butI’mafraidtobreakmyarmasIdidlasttime.W:OK.Howaboutfishing?Rememberthelastfishingtrip?Icaught10fish.M:Yeah.Iremember.AndtheonlythingIcaughtwasanoldboot.Justforgetit.W:Well.Whatdoyouwanttodo?M:Howaboutstayingathomeandplayingputergames?W:Youwon’tbreakyourarmorgetboredthistimeWeshouldgooutsideanddosomesports.Stayingathomeallthetimeisnotgoodforourhealth.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WhatdoesSarahthinkofRedBull?A.Abitexpensive. B.Quiteuseful. C.Verysweet.14.WhatwouldSarahliketodrinkafterplayingsports?A.Sodawater. B.RedBull. C.Chocolatemilk.15.WhatdoweknowaboutTom’sMilkachocolate?A.Itwasboughtfromtheairport.B.ItwasTom’sfavoritechocolate.CItwasbroughtbyTom’ssister.16.HowdoesSarahsoundintheend?A.Worried. B.Upset. C.Surprised.【答案】13.C14.A15.A16.C【解析】【原文】W:Tom,Iwonderwhatdrinksyouwilltakewhenyouexercisetoomuch?I’mlookingforsomethingtokeepmeawakeatnight.M:Sarah,youwanttowatchbasketballgames,right?Well,forthispurpose,IthinkRedBullisthebest.W:Really?Hm,I’vetrieditseveraltimes,butitdoesn’tworkforme.Besides,Ialsofinditverysweet.M:Yes,that’strue.Theyputalotofsugarinit.Butitissugarthatgivesusenergy.W:Idon’tknow.Iprefertohavesomethingsalty,orevenbitter,suchassodawater.I’mnotabigfanofchocolate,orcakes.M:That’sapity.Ihaveabigbarofchocolateinmybag,andIwasthinkingofsharingitwithyou.W:Oh,OK.Icantakesome.Ihaven’teatenanythingthewholeday.Ifeeltiredandsleepy…Whatchocolateisit?M:It’scalledMilka,anditoriginatedinSwitzerland.It’smysister’sfavoritechocolate.Myfatherboughtitfromtheairportyesterday.W:Great.Thanks.Wow,it’ssotasty!Ilikeit!Doyouthinkit’spossibletofinditinothershopsaroundtown?听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatisanadvantageoflearningidioms(习语)accordingtothespeaker?A.ItcanimproveyourEnglishtestscores.B.Itcanmakeyousoundlikeanativespeaker.C.Itcanincreaseyourknowledgeaboutanimals.18.Whichidiommeansbeingpatient?A.Nestegg. B.Holdyourhorse. C.Dogdays.19.Whatdayisittoday?A.Sunday. B.Saturday. C.Friday.20.Whatwillthespeakertalkaboutnextweek?A.Colors. B.Animals. C.Food.【答案】17.B18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Goodevening,boysandgirls.WeletoourDailyEnglish.Doyourememberwhatwetalkedaboutlastweek?Yes,Britishfoodculture.Today,ourtopicisEnglishidioms(习语).Englishidioms,proverbs,andexpressionsareimportantpartsofeverydayEnglish.TheyeupallthetimeinbothwrittenandspokenEnglish.Becauseidiomsdon’talwaysmakesenseliterally,youneedtobefamiliarwiththemeaningandusageofeachidiom.Itmayseemlikealotofwork,butlearningidiomsisalsoveryinteresting.What’smore,learningtousemonidiomsandexpressionswillhelpyousoundlikeanativespeaker,soit’sagoodideatomastersomeoftheseexpressions.Forexample,doyouknowwhatthemeaningof“dogdays”is?Itmeansveryhotdays.Thephrase“holdyourhorse”meanswaitingandbeingpatient.“Pigout”meanseatingalotofthings.“Nestegg”meansthemoneysavedforthefuture.Canyoufindthesimilarityoftheseidioms?Today,thoseidiomsareconnectedwithanimals.NextFriday,wewilltalkaboutidiomsaboutcolors.Ihopeyouhaveahappyweekend!第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AStreetartisalwayssomethingIlookoutforwhenItravel.Attheverybeginning,streetartwasameanstosharesocialmentsorpoliticalideas,butnowit’sincreasinglyusedinmanyplacesaroundtheworldtobeautifytheenvironment,sometimesbeingpopulartouristattractions.Here’smycollectionofstreetartaroundtheworld.Amsterdam,theNetherlandsMyhometownhasplentyoffantasticstreetart.YoucanfindsomecoolpiecesintheJordaanneighborhoodandintheNorthandWestpartsofthecity.OneplaceyouabsolutelyhavetovisitinAmsterdamistheSTRAATMuseuminAmsterdamNorth.ThismuseumhouseshugemuralscreatedbyartistsfromaroundtheworldinanoldindustrialwarehouseandisarichadditiontotheAmsterdamstreetartscene.Bristol,UnitedKingdomThebirthplaceofBanksy,oneoftheworld’smostfamousstreetartists,Bristolisanotheroftheworld’sgreatstreetartcities.Youcanfindstreetartacrossthecityonbuildings,streetsandbridges.TheannualUpfest,intheBedminstersuburb,duringwhichartistsfromaroundtheworldareinvitedtocreatestreetartonhousesandbuildings,isapopularattraction.RiodeJaneiro,BrazilRiodeJaneiroalsohasafantasticstreetartscene.Forthe2016OlympicGames,thecityinvitedfamousBrazilianstreetartist,Kobra,tocreatetheworld’sbiggestmuralalongtheOlympicBoulevard.Theresultissimplyamazing!ClickheretoseestreetartinRiodeJaneiro,ormyphotosofRiodeJaneiro.21.Whydidpeoplecreatestreetartatfirst?A.Topractisepaintingskills. B.Toshowsocialorpoliticalopinions.C.Tobeautifytheenvironment. D.Todrawtouristsathomeandabroad.22.Whatisamustseestreetartattractionintheauthor’shometown?A.TheOlympicBoulevardinRio. B.ThebirthplaceofBanksyinBristol.C.TheannualUpfestinBedminster. D.TheSTRAATMuseuminAmsterdam.23.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anartwebsite. B.Aresearchpaper. C.Atravelmagazine. D.Ahistorytextbook.【答案】21.B22.D23.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个国家的街头艺术景点。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Attheverybeginning,streetartwasameanstosharesocialmentsorpoliticalideas,butnowit’sincreasinglyusedinmanyplacesaroundtheworldtobeautifytheenvironment,sometimesbeingpopulartouristattractions.(一开始，街头艺术是一种分享社会评论或政治观点的手段，但现在它在世界各地的许多地方越来越多地用于美化环境，有时成为热门的旅游景点。)”可知，起初人们创作街头艺术是为了展示社会或政治观点。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Amsterdam,theNetherlands部分中“Myhometownhasplentyoffantasticstreetart.YoucanfindsomecoolpiecesintheJordaanneighborhoodandintheNorthandWestpartsofthecity.OneplaceyouabsolutelyhavetovisitinAmsterdamistheSTRAATMuseuminAmsterdamNorth.(我的家乡有很多奇妙的街头艺术。你可以在约旦附近以及城市的北部和西部找到一些很酷的东西。阿姆斯特丹北部的STRAAT博物馆是你一定要去的地方。)”可知，在作者的家乡，阿姆斯特丹的STRAAT博物馆是必看的街头艺术景点。故选D项。【23题详解】推理判断题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了三个国家的街头艺术景点，再根据文章最后一段“Clickheretosee

streetartinRiodeJaneiro,ormyphotosofRiodeJaneiro.(点击这里看里约热内卢的街头艺术，或者我在里约热内卢的照片。)”可推知，本文很可能出自一个艺术网站。故选A项。BTherearetimesinlifewhenwedon’thavetheenergytogetthroughourproblemsorthestrengthtopushahead.That’swhenourfriendscarryus.Theyremindusthatwearenotalone—theystandwithandfortus.Evenwhensomefriendsdon’talwaysknowhowbesttohelp,theywanttobethereforus.AuthorParkerJ.Palmerinhisbook,LetYourLifeSpeak,sharesaboutthetimehewasbattlingdepression(抑郁).Herecallsthatsomepeoplewhovisitedhimtriedtocheerhimup.“It’sabeautifulday.Whydon’tyougooutandsoakupsomesunshineandlookattheflowers?”Althoughheunderstoodtheirpurpose,itmadehimmoredepressed.Othersremindedhimthathewasateacherandwriterwhohadhelpedsomanypeople.“Trytorememberallthegoodyou’vedoneandsurelyyou’llfeelbetter.”Thatadvice,too,lefthimdepressed.Thentherewerethosewhohadthecouragetostandwithhiminsimpleandhealingways.OnewasaguynamedBillwhoaskedParker’spermissiontovisithimintheafternoons.BillwouldsitParkerinthechair,kneelinfrontofhim,removehisshoesandsocksandforhalfanhour,massage(按摩)hisfeet.BillhadfoundtheonlyplaceinParker’sbodywherehecouldstillexperiencefeelingsandreconnectwiththehumanrace.Billwouldsimplydothisandsayverylittle.Whenhetalked,hewouldnotgiveadvicebutmirrorParker’sfeelings.ThissimpleactofcarewaswhatcarriedParkerthroughhisdarktime.Wearethankfulforthefriendswhositwithusineasyandhealingways.Andwearethankfulfortheopportunitytobethatfriend,toofferourpresencetothosewhoarehurting,sick,battlingdepression,sufferinggreatpainandmore.Maythepathwaysoflove,patienceandkindnessleadustofriendswhoaresuffering.Andoncethere,evenifweareunsureofwhattodo,wecansimplybepresent.24.Accordingtoparagraph2,howdidParkerfindhisfriends’waystocheerhimup?A.Nicebutunhelpful. B.Warmbutoldfashioned.C.Simplebutcreative. D.Kindbutunimaginative.25.WhateffectdidBill’smassagehaveonParker?A.Itreducedhisphysicalpain. B.Itencouragedhimtotakeadvice.C.Ithelpedhimreconnectwiththeworld. D.Itgavehimprofessionalmedicalcare.26.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedotohelpourfriends?A.Bethankfultothem. B.Keepthempany.C.Bequicktorespond. D.Offerpracticaladvice.27.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowtoWinoverPeopleandMakeFriendsB.TheBenefitofFriendshipsinBattlingDepressionC.TheGreatPowerofSimplyBeingPresentforaFriendD.WhyFriendscanCarryYouThroughYourDarkestTimes【答案】24.A25.C26.B27.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。患有抑郁症的ParkerJ.Palmer只因为朋友简单地陪伴而缓解了抑郁症，文章以此为例证明了出现在朋友面前简单地陪伴这个小动作的重要性。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Althoughheunderstoodtheirpurpose,itmadehimmoredepressed.Othersremindedhimthathewasateacherandwriterwhohadhelpedsomanypeople.“Trytorememberallthegoodyou’vedoneandsurelyyou’llfeelbetter.”Thatadvice,too,lefthimdepressed.(虽然明白他们的目的，但这却让他更加郁闷了。其他人提醒他，他是一位帮助了很多人的老师和作家。“试着记住你做过的所有好事，你肯定会感觉好一些。”这个建议也让他感到沮丧。)”可推知，Parker认为他的朋友们让他高兴起来的方法很好，但是没有用，故选A。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“BillwouldsitParkerinthechair,kneelinfrontofhim,removehisshoesandsocksandforhalfanhour,massage(按摩)hisfeet.BillhadfoundtheonlyplaceinParker’sbodywherehecouldstillexperiencefeelingsandreconnectwiththehumanrace.(比尔会让帕克坐在椅子上，跪在他面前，脱掉他的鞋子和袜子，按摩他的脚半个小时。比尔在帕克体内找到了唯一能让他体验感情并与人类重新建立联系的地方)”可知，比尔对帕克的按摩帮助他重新与世界建立联系。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Andwearethankfulfortheopportunitytobethatfriend,toofferourpresencetothosewhoarehurting,sick,battlingdepression,sufferinggreatpainandmore...Andoncethere,evenifweareunsureofwhattodo,wecansimplybepresent.(我们感谢有机会成为那个朋友，向那些正在受伤、生病、与抑郁作斗争、遭受巨大痛苦等的人们提供我们的陪伴……一旦到达那里，即使我们不确定该做什么，我们也可以只是出现在那里)”可知，作者建议我们陪伴朋友，以此来帮助他们，故选B。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Therearetimesinlifewhenwedon’thavetheenergytogetthroughourproblemsorthestrengthtopushahead.That’swhenourfriendscarryus.Theyremindusthatwearenotalone—theystandwithandfortus.(生活中有时我们没有精力解决问题，也没有力量继续前进。那时我们的朋友载着我们。他们提醒我们，我们并不孤单——他们与我们站在一起并安慰我们。)”可知，第一段提出了朋友陪伴我们让我们感到并不孤单，接着文章以患有抑郁症的ParkerJ.Palmer为例，第二段指出一些朋友来安慰他但是没有缓解他的抑郁症，第三段介绍了朋友Bill通过简单的陪伴缓解了ParkerJ.Palmer的抑郁症，最后一段中的“Andwearethankfulfortheopportunitytobethatfriend,toofferourpresencetothosewhoarehurting,sick,battlingdepression,sufferinggreatpainandmore...Andoncethere,evenifweareunsureofwhattodo,wecansimplybepresent.(我们感谢有机会成为那个朋友，向那些正在受伤、生病、与抑郁作斗争、遭受巨大痛苦等的人们提供我们的陪伴……一旦到达那里，即使我们不确定该做什么，我们也可以只是出现在那里)”可知，最后一段作者呼吁我们要陪伴朋友，哪怕只是出现在朋友面前。由此可知，文章主要介绍了出现在朋友面前简单地陪伴这个小动作的重要性，C项“只是出现在朋友面前会带来伟大的力量”适合作文章标题，故选C。CIftherewastobeapraisetothefrog,itwouldhavetocontainonenewpieceofinformation:itsabilitytopredictearthquakes.Ascientificstudyhassuggestedthattheyescapeanareajustbeforesuchdisasterstrikes.Theevidence,publishedyesterdayintheJournalofZoology,centersonapopulationofbreeding(繁殖)frogsinItaly.Itseemsthat,afewyearsago,thesecreatureshadsuddenlyescapedfromtheirhomefivedaysbeforeanearthquakestrucktheirbreedingground.Thefrogs’abilitytosensetheearthquakeisnotfullyunderstood,but96percentofmalefrogsescapedandreturnedadayafterthedangerhadpassed.ThisdiscoverybaffledDr.RachelGrant,whohadn’tsetouttolearnaboutfrogs’reactionstoearthquakes,buttostudytheeffectofthelunarcycleonthem.Shenowbelievesthatfrogsmaybeabletosensesomesignsandusethemasanearlywarningsystemforearthquakes.Frogsarenottheonlycreaturesbornwithanunusualpowertopredictnaturaldisasters.In2004,elephantsinThailandmadeloudnoisesbeforethetsunamihit,whilebatsinSriLankaflewaroundinanxietybeforethedisaster.Whilemostoftheseanimalwarningshavebeenignored,therearetimeswhentheyhavebeennoticed.In1975,scientistsinHaicheng,China,noticedunusualbehaviorinthecity’sdogsandcats.Theydemandedtheevacuationofthecity,expectingamajordisaster.Theirwarningcamefiveandahalfhoursbeforeanearthquakestruck,resultingin2,000deaths.Withouttheevacuation,another150,000peoplecouldhavebeenkilled.“Therearethingswecan’tseeandsoundswecan’thear.Butmanyanimalscan.Thereisasensecalledelectroperceptionthatfishandsharksusetoformapicturearoundthem,whiledolphinsandbatsusesonartofindtheirwayaround,”saysProfessorDanielMills,anexpertinanimalbehavioratLincolnUniversity.28.Accordingtoparagraph3,DrRachelGrantwas______aboutthefrogs’unusualbehaviorA.worried B.confused C.disappointed D.anxious29.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph4?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Byexplainingcauses. D.Bypresentingcontrasts.30.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningtheearthquakeinHaicheng?A.Tostresstheseriousnessofthedisaster. B.Topraisethegovernment’stimelyaction.C.Todescribeasuccessfulevacuationinhistory. D.Toshowthebenefitofnoticinganimalwarnings.31.WhatareProf.DanielMills’swordsmainlyabout?A.Whyanimalscansensedisasters. B.Whathisstudywillfocusonnext.C.Howhumanslearnabouttheworld. D.Howanimalsbehavebeforedisasters.【答案】28.B29.A30.D31.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了动物预测自然灾害的能力，特别是青蛙预测地震的能力。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ThisdiscoverybaffledDr.RachelGrant,whohadn’tsetouttolearnaboutfrogs’reactionstoearthquakes,buttostudytheeffectofthelunarcycleonthem.(这一发现让雷切尔·格兰特博士感到困惑，她本来不是要研究青蛙对地震的反应，而是要研究月亮周期对它们的影响)”可知，根据第三段，RachelGrant博士对青蛙的不寻常行为感到困惑。故选B项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Frogsarenottheonlycreaturesbornwithanunusualpowertopredictnaturaldisasters.In2004,elephantsinThailandmadeloudnoisesbeforethetsunamihit,whilebatsinSriLankaflewaroundinanxietybeforethedisaster.(青蛙并不是唯一一种天生具有预测自然灾害能力的生物。2004年，泰国的大象在海啸来袭前发出了巨大的声音，而斯里兰卡的蝙蝠在灾难发生前焦虑地飞来飞去)”可知，本段作者通过举例2004年泰国的大象和斯里兰卡的蝙蝠的例子来说明。故选A项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Whilemostoftheseanimalwarningshavebeenignored,therearetimeswhentheyhavebeennoticed.In1975,scientistsinHaicheng,China,noticedunusualbehaviorinthecity’sdogsandcats.Theydemandedtheevacuationofthecity,expectingamajordisaster.Theirwarningcamefiveandahalfhoursbeforeanearthquakestruck,resultingin2,000deaths.Withouttheevacuation,another150,000peoplecouldhavebeenkilled.(虽然大多数动物警告都被忽视了，但有时它们也会被注意到。1975年，中国海城的科学家注意到该市猫狗的不寻常行为。他们预计会发生一场大灾难，要求撤离这座城市。他们在地震发生前五个半小时发出警告，地震造成2000人死亡。如果没有撤离，可能又会有15万人丧生)”可知，作者提到海城地震的目的是为了显示注意动物警告的好处。故选D项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Therearethingswecan’tseeandsoundswecan’thear.Butmanyanimalscan.Thereisasensecalledelectroperceptionthatfishandsharksusetoformapicturearoundthem,whiledolphinsandbatsusesonartofindtheirwayaround,”saysProfessorDanielMills,anexpertinanimalbehavioratLincolnUniversity.(“有些东西我们看不见，有些声音我们听不见。但是很多动物可以。有一种叫做电知觉的感觉，鱼和鲨鱼用它来形成周围的图像，而海豚和蝙蝠用声纳来找到周围的路，”林肯大学动物行为专家丹尼尔·米尔斯教授说)”可知，丹尼尔·米尔斯教授的话主要是关于为什么动物能感知灾难。故选A项。DAnxiousthinker.Loner.Wallflower.Thesearesomenegativementsfor“introvert”(内向者),showingamonmindsetinAmerica.Actuallytheyjustinteractdifferently;theydowellwhengiventimealonetothinkandprefercloseconversations.Americansocietyisruledbythe“ExtrovertIdeal(外向理想型)”:successfulpeopletakerisksandalwaysvoicetheiropinion,whetherornottheyknowwhatthey’redoing.Theproblemisthatpeoplevaluethisidealsomuchthattheyoftenignoremeaningfulopinionsfromthequieterintroverts.Isn’ttheresomethingproblematicabouthavingtogetourthoughtsoutbeforewefinishthinkingaboutthem?OverstressingtheExtrovertIdealcanleadtounwisedecisions.Inonecase,severalintroverts,whotendtobemorecarefulandthinkmore,pointedoutwarningsignalsbeforetheeconomicdownturnof2008.Butthedecisionmakers—oftenthebold,risktakingtypes—ignoredtheiropinion.Peoplesayintrovertsoftenoverthinkeverydecision.Yes,maybewethinkbeforewespeak.Butisthatreallysobad?Ofcourse,socialskillsareimportantforeveryone.Butthemisunderstandingabouthowintrovertsworkcreatesaculturalbias(偏见).Requiredclassparticipationatschooloftenleadstostudentsshoutingoutwhateverthoughtsetotheirmind,toopressuredbytheirparticipationgradetotakethetimeandthinkofameaningfulresponse.DuringtheCovid19quarantine,someofmyclassesstartedusingParlay,awebsitethatallowsfordiscussionsthroughanonymous(匿名的)writtenments.Isawthatmanyofmyclasseswereabletohavedeeperconversationsthisway,freedfromthepressuresofhavingtospeakuponthespot.Soencouragingabalancedvarietyoflearningmethodscanreducetheexistingbias.Societyseemstothinkonlytheloudandoutgoingonescanmakeadifference.ButRosaParkswasknownforbeing“softspoken”and“timid.”Gandhisaid,“Inagentleway,youcanshaketheworld.”Soplease,giveusintrovertsachancetochangetheworldinourownquietway!32.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthe“ExtrovertIdeal”?A.Objective. B.Doubtful. C.Favorable. D.Unclear.33.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.ThebenefitoftheExtrovertIdeal. B.Theintroverts’poorsocialskills.C.Theharmofovervaluingextroverts. D.Theextroverts’waysofdecisionmaking.34.Accordingtotheauthor,teacherscanimprovethesituationofintrovertedstudentsby______.A.requiringnoclassparticipation B.providingonlinelearningplatformsC.allowingdifferentlearningstyles D.conductingfreeclassroomdiscussions35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“timid”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Brave. B.Lazy. C.Easygoing. D.Shy.【答案】32.B33.C34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。在美国人们常常对内向者有很多负面评论。但事实上，内向者只是互动方式不同。当他们有时间独处思考时，他们会表现得很好，并且更喜欢近距离交谈。文章主要介绍了过度推崇外向型人格的危害以及该如何鼓励内向型者。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Americansocietyisruledbythe“ExtrovertIdeal(外向理想型)”:successfulpeopletakerisksandalwaysvoicetheiropinion,whetherornottheyknowwhatthey’redoing.Theproblemisthatpeoplevaluethisidealsomuchthattheyoftenignoremeaningfulopinionsfromthequieterintroverts.(美国社会奉行“外向理想型”：成功人士敢于冒险，总是表达自己的意见，无论他们是否知道自己在做什么。问题是，人们太看重这种理想，以至于常常忽视安静内向者提出的有意义的意见。)”可知，作者对于“外向理想型”人格持怀疑态度，故选B。【33题详解】主旨大意题。第三段第一句话“OverstressingtheExtrovertIdealcanleadtounwisedecisions.(过度强调外向理想可能会导致不明智的决定。)”是中心句，接着作者举例子来证明，然后作者表达了自己的观点“Butthedecisionmakers—oftenthebold,risktakingtypes—ignoredtheiropinion.Peoplesayintrovertsoftenoverthinkeverydecision.Yes,maybewethinkbeforewespeak.Butisthatreallysobad?(但决策者——通常是大胆、敢于冒险的人——忽视了他们的意见。人们说内向的人常常在做每一个决定时都考虑得太多。是的，也许我们在说话之前先思考一下。但这真的那么糟糕吗？)”，即指出了过度强调外向型的危害。由此可知，第三段主要介绍了过度强调外向型的危害。故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Butthemisunderstandingabouthowintrovertsworkcreatesaculturalbias(偏见)...Soencouragingabalancedvarietyoflearningmethodscanreducetheexistingbias.(但对内向者如何工作的误解造成了文化偏见……因此，鼓励平衡的多种学习方法可以减少现有的偏见。)”可知，作者认为，教师可以通过允许不同的学习方式的存在来改善内向学生的状况，故选C。【35题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Societyseemstothinkonlytheloudandoutgoingonescanmakeadifference.(社会似乎认为只有大声和外向的人才能有所作为。)”和划线单词所在句子“ButRosaParkswasknownforbeing“softspoken”and“timid.”(但罗莎·帕克斯以“说话温和”和“timid”而闻名)”可知，but前后是转折对比关系，前文提到大声和外向，后文与之对应的应为说话温柔和胆小，即loud和softspoken对应，outgoing和timid相对应，由此可推知，划线单词意为“胆怯的”，与shy(胆小的；害羞的)意思相近，故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FourTipsforUsingLessPlastic(塑料)Asweallknow,theworldhasaplasticproblem—anditisincreasing.Scientistsareworkingtofindalongtermsolutionbymakingplasticmorebiodegradable(生物可降解的).___36___Quitusingplasticbags.___37___PeopleuseatrillionplasticbagsworldwideeveryyearAbout10percentareusedintheUnitedStatesalone.That’salmostonebagperAmericanperday.Incontrast,theaverageDanishusesfoursingleusebagsperyear.Today,othercountries(suchasGermanyandNewZealand)eithermakecustomerspayforplasticbagsorhavestoppedusingthempletely.___38___Today,around83billionplasticstraws(吸管)pollutetheworld’sbeaches.Sowhenyouorderadrink,saynotothestraw,orbringyourownreusableone.In2018,SeattlebecamethefirstmajorU.S.citytobanplasticstraws,andmanyothercitiesaresettofollowitsexample.Don’tuseplasticbottles.Buyareusablebottleandfillitwithanytypeofdrinkyoulike.Somecities,likeBundanooninAustraliaandSanFranciscointheU.S.,havepletelyorpartially(部分地)startedquittingbottledwater___39___.Avoidplasticpackaging.Buybarsoapinsteadofliquidsoapinplasticcontainers.Don’tbuyfruitorvegetablesinplasticpackaging.___40___Theyalsowanttotaxplastictakeoutcontainers.A.Don’tuseplasticstraws.B.Don’tpollutethebeaches.C.Instead,takeyourownreusableshoppingbagtothestore.D.Therefore,pollutionhasbeenlargelydecreasedacrosstheworld.E.IntheU.K.,leadersarecallingforsupermarketstohaveplasticfreeareas.F.Globally,however,peoplestillbuynearlyamillionplasticbottleseveryminute.G.Butinthemeantime,herearefourthingsyoucandotoreduceplasticwastenow.【答案】36.G37.C38.A39.F40.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了减少使用塑料的四个技巧。【36题详解】根据上文“Asweallknow,theworldhasaplasticproblem—anditisincreasing.Scientistsareworkingtofindalongtermsolutionbymakingplasticmorebiodegradable(生物可降解的).(众所周知，世界上存在塑料问题，而且问题还在增加。科学家们正在努力通过使塑料更具生物降解性来寻找长期解决方案。)”可知，空处承上启下，在下文中介绍减少塑料垃圾的方法，与G项“Butinthemeantime,herearefourthingsyoucandotoreduceplasticwastenow.(但与此同时，你现在可以做以下四件事来减少塑料垃圾。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选G项。【37题详解】根据上文“Quitusingplasticbags.(戒掉使用塑料袋。)”可知，下文将讲述使用其他的购物袋，与C项“Instead,takeyourownreusableshoppingbagtothestore.(取而代之的是，带上自己的可重复使用的购物袋到商店。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选C项。【38题详解】根据下文“Today,around83bil