银行系统招聘考试英语（中国农业银行）模拟试卷4

银行系统招聘考试英语（中国农业银行）模拟试卷4一、词汇与语法结构(本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。)1、Theaccountingdepartmentwill______aninternalauditintothecompany’sexpenditureoverthelasttwoquarters.A、conductB、conductedC、conductingD、beconducted标准答案：A知识点解析：“will”这里用作情态动词，后面接动词原形。2、Policeofficerscaughtthe______outsideashoppingcenterontheafternoonofMarch14th.A、offenceB、offensiveC、offendD、offender标准答案：D知识点解析：offence指“犯罪、违反、过错”，名词。offensive是形容词，表示“攻击的，冒犯的，无礼的”。offend是动词“冒犯、使不愉快”。这里应该是指人，应该选择D项"offender"。3、Ms.Longispreparingfor______meetingwiththeexecutivesfromWesternTechnologyInstituteonThursday.A、sheB、herC、hersD、herself标准答案：B知识点解析：这道题主要考查的是人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的用法。“she”是人称代词第三人称单数的主格形式；“her”是人称代词第三人称单数的宾格形式；“hers”是名词性物主代词第三人称单数形式；"herself"是第三人称单数的反身代词。这里应该选择人称代词的宾格形式．修饰名词。4、Mr.Bill’s______ofthejobofferattheDepartmentofDefenseisdependentonhisreceivingasecurityclearance.A、acceptB、acceptableC、acceptedD、acceptance标准答案：D知识点解析：名词所有格后面接名词，这里面只有D项是名词。5、Theindependentreportongovernmentinfrastructurecontains______reviewsoftheroadandrailnetwork.A、promptB、capableC、extensiveD、spacious标准答案：C知识点解析：备选答案都是形容词。“prompt”指的是“迅速的，立刻的”；“capable”指的是“能胜任的，能干的”；“extensive”指的是“广泛的，大量的，广阔的”；“spacious”指的是“宽敞的，广阔的”。根据题意，选C。6、______thestart-upventureisrisky,Mr.Skinnerisstillwillingtoinvest￥2millionofhisownmoneyinit.A、EventhoughB、DespiteC、BecauseD、Whenever标准答案：A知识点解析：根据句意应该选择一个具有转折意义的词，并且可以接句子，所以只能选择"eventhougt"。7、ItlooksasthoughMs.Poidevanwillnot______thecompanyatthetradeshowbecausesheisfeelingunwell.A、representB、demonstrateC、expandD、preserve标准答案：A知识点解析：“represent”指的是“代表”，“demonstrate”指的是“证明、展示、论证”，“expand”指的是“扩张，膨胀，详述”，“preserve”指的是“保存，保护，维持”。选A，其他选项不符合题意。8、Thelawprohibitshospitalsandmedicalpracticesfromdistributingapatient’s______informationtoanythirdparty.A、personB、personalC、personallyD、personality标准答案：B知识点解析：这里应该选择一个形容词用来修饰名词“information”，只有选项B是形容词。9、Althoughsomebusdrivershavesignedthecollectivepayagreement,therearemany______arerefusingtodoso.A、whatB、whichC、whoD、when标准答案：C知识点解析：此处many指代的是前面的busdrivers，主语从句的先行词应该用指人的“who”。10、Severalimportantdiplomatswere______theguestsattendingthepresident’s50thbirthdaycelebrationsathishomeinBolivia.A、priorB、amongC、throughoutD、selected标准答案：B知识点解析：这里可以用排除法，根据句意很明显可以看出应该指的是“一些重要的大使”在受邀嘉宾之列，因此用”among”。11、WithNetwiseBank,youwillnotbechargedanyadditionalfeesforonlinebanking______.A、deficitsB、transactionC、expensesD、providers标准答案：B知识点解析：“deficit”指的是“亏损，赤字”，不符合题意。“providers”指的是“提供者，供应商”。主要是区分transaction和expense两个词，前者指交易，后者指费用、开支。综合题意，应该选择B项。12、Salesofourcarmodelhaverisenbyaround50percent______totheresultslastquarter.A、matchedB、evaluatedC、comparedD、weighed标准答案：C知识点解析：上升、下降一般都是有参照对象的，根据题意应该选择C，与“上个季度的销售额相比，这个季度车模的销售额上升了将近50％”。13、______attendingaconferenceonregionaldevelopmenttoday,themayorwillholdapressconferencetodiscusstheelection.A、AccordingtoB、SeeingasC、InsteadofD、Dueto标准答案：C知识点解析：“Accordingto”指的是“根据”，“Seeingas”指的是“鉴于”，“Insteadof”指的是“不是而是，代替”，"Dueto"指的是“由于”。根据题意可知“市长本来准备参加有关区域发展会议的，但是准备举办记者招待会了”，因此，这里存在替代关系。14、Thefindingsfromourmarketresearchare______unexpectedthatwemustconductanothertesttoconfirmthem.A、asB、tooC、soD、very标准答案：C知识点解析：so…that是固定搭配，指的是“如此……以致于……”。15、Ms.Suarez______forChairoftheBoardinDecember2009,andtookupthepositioninMarchofthefollowingyear.A、wasnominatedB、wasnominatingC、hadnominatedD、willbenominated标准答案：A知识点解析：这里应该选择被动语态形式，“被任命为董事长”，同时事情是发生在过去，所以选择A。16、Thehotelmanagementtrainsallitsstaffmemberstodealwithguestinquires______.A、courtesyB、courteousC、courteouslyD、morecourteous标准答案：C知识点解析：这里应该选择副词用来修饰动词dealwith，只有C符合。17、Theskiseasonis______over,somanypeoplewillheaduptothemountainsthisweekendforonelasttime.A、graduallyB、nearlyC、severelyD、formerly标准答案：B知识点解析：A指的是“不断地”，B指的是“接近”，C指的是“严重地”，D指的是“以前，原来”。根据题意，很容易得知应该选择B项。18、Theattorney’s______totheshippingcompanyistosuetheportauthoritiesforcausingalossofprofit.A、judgmentB、recommendationC、activityD、progression标准答案：B知识点解析：A指的是“判断，辨别力”，B指的是“建议”，C指的是“行动，活动”，D指的是“前进，连续”。这里应该是指律师给船运公司的建议，所以选B。19、Mr.Lyall______tothewaiteratMerciBeaucoupthathissteakhadbeenovercooked.A、congratulatedB、complainedC、resistedD、demanded标准答案：B知识点解析：A指的是“恭喜”，B指的是“抱怨”，C指的是“坚持”，D指的是“要求”。根据整个句意，选B。20、TheConsumers’Institutewebsiteisnormallya______primarysourceofinformationaboutnewproducts.A、relyB、relyingC、reliableD、reliably标准答案：C知识点解析：primarysource是名词性短语，应该选择形容词来修饰。二、阅读理解(本题共30题，每题1.0分，共30分。)Friendshipisoneofthebasicbondsbetweenhumanbeings.Whilethecharacteristicsoffriendshipmightvaryfromonecountrytoanother,peoplefromallculturesnotonlyenjoyfriendsbutneedthem.Manystudieshaveshownthatteenagerswhohavenofriendsoftensufferfrompsychologicaldisorders.Ithasbeenshownthatteenagers,perhapsmorethananyotheragegroup,needcompanionshipandasenseofbelonging.Thenegativeconsequencesoflonelinesshavealsobeenobservedamongtheelderly.Thedeathofaspouseoftenleavesawidoworawidowertotallybereft.If,however,theyaresurroundedbyfriendsandrelativesandiftheyareabletoarticulatetheirfeelings,theyaremorelikelytorecoverfromtheirgrief."Nomanisanisland."Inotherwords,weareallpartsofsociety.Weallneedthelove,admiration,respectandmoralsupportofotherpeople.Ifwearefortunate,ourfriendswillprovideuswithallofthesenecessaryaspectsoflife.Asmostpeopleobserve,therearemanylevelsoffriendship.Thedegreeofintimacyoffriendshipvariesdependingonthepersonalityoftheindividualsinvolvedandthecontextoftherelationships.Extrovertsenjoybeingsurroundedbymanypeoplewhereasintrovertsareperhapscontentwithfewerbutmoreintensefriendships.Everyoneisnotequallyopenwithalltheirfriends.Thedegreeofintimacyisdeterminedbymanyfactors.Closefriendscanbeformedatanystageinone'slifebuttheyareusuallyveryrare.Notverymanypeoplehavemorethanafewreallyclosefriends.Irrespectiveofthelevelofintimacy,allfriendshipsarebasedonreciprocity,honestyandacertainamountofloveandaffection.21、Thesecondparagraphimpliesthat______.A、teenagerswithoutfriendswillsufferfrompsychologicalproblemsB、awidoworawidowerwilldieverysoonwithoutcompanionshipC、humanbeingsneedcompanionshipandasenseofbelongingD、bothAandB标准答案：C知识点解析：推断题。本文讨论了友谊的重要性。不论是青少年还是老年人，都需要朋友的陪伴。没有人是孤立的，每个人都是社会的一部分，都需要他人的爱、陪伴和关心。文章第二段表明人都需要陪伴和归属感。文章第二段提到没有朋友的青少年和丧偶的老年人常常会有心理问题，并提到陪伴和归属感是他们共同的需求，所以C为正确答案。答案A和B都过于武断，作者只是说一般而言，并没有说一定会，所以不对。22、"Nomanisanisland"(Line1,Para.3)impliesthat______.A、everyoneisapartofanislandB、mancannotbeanislandC、everyoneisjustapartofsocietyD、societyisanisland标准答案：C知识点解析：细节题。Nomanisanisland(Line1，Para．3)的意思是“每个人都是社会的一部分”。第三段第二句话Inotherwords，weareallpartsofsociety解释了这句引言的意思，所以C为正确答案。23、Thedegreeofintimacyoffriendshipmainlydependson______.A、ageB、belongingC、personalityD、culture标准答案：C知识点解析：细节推理题。“友谊的亲密程度主要取决于人的个性。”见第四段第二句Thedegreeofin—timacyoffriendshipvariesdependingonthepersonalityoftheindividuals…，所以C为正确答案。24、Theauthorthinksthatclosefriends______.A、canbeeasilyformedwhenoneisyoungB、cannotbelong-lastingC、arenotrareforeveryoneD、arerareformostpeople标准答案：D知识点解析：细节推理题。“作者认为多数人的亲密朋友并不多。”见第五段第三句Closefriendscanbeformedatanystageinone’slifebuttheyareusuallyveryrare(在人生的任何阶段都可以交到亲密的朋友，但数量通常很少)，由此推断D为正确答案。25、Theword"irrespective"(lastsentence,Para.5)means______.A、notrespectingB、dishonoringC、regardlessD、considering标准答案：C知识点解析：词汇题。irrespective(第五段最后一句)这个词语的意思是“不论、不考虑”。见最后一句irrespectiveofthelevelofintimacy，allfriendshipsarebasedon…(不论亲密的程度如何，任何友谊都是建立在互惠、诚实和一定的友爱和关怀的基础之上的。)根据上下文，可推测出这个词语的意思是“不论．不考虑”。所以C为正确答案。Sixteenyearsago,EileenDoyle'shusband,anengineer,tookhisfourchildrenupforanearlymorningcupoftea,packedasmallcaseandwasneverseenorheardofagain.Eileenwasastonishedandinastateofdespair.Theyhadbeenahappyfamilyand,asfarassheknew,therehadbeennothingwrongwiththeirmarriage.Everydayoftheyearasmallgroupofmenandwomenquietlypackafewbelongingsandwithoutsomuchasanoteoragood-byeclosethefrontdoorforthelasttime,leavingtheirdebts,theirworriesandtheirconfusedfamiliesbehindthem.Lastyear,morethan1,200menandnearlyasmanywomenwerereportedmissingfromhome—thehighestin15years.Manydidreturnhomewithinayear,butothersrejectedthepastcompletelyandarenowlivinganewlifesomewhereunderadifferentidentity.Tothoseleftbehindthisformofdesertionisaterribleblowtotheirprideandself-confidence.Eventhefinalityofdeathmightbepreferable.Atleastitdoesnotimplyrejectionorfailure.Worsethanthat,peoplecanbeleftwithanunfinishedmarriage,notknowingwhethertheywillhavetowaitsevenyearsbeforetheyarefreetostartafreshlife.ClinicalpsychologistPaulBrownbelievesmostdeparturesofthiskindtobewellplannedratherthanimpulsive."It'stypicalofthekindofpersonalitywhichseemsabletoignoreotherpeople'spainanddifficulties.Runningaway,likekillingyourself,isahighlyaggressiveact.Bycreatinganabsencethepeopleleftbehindfeelguilty,upsetandempty."26、Whenherhusbandlefthome,EileenDoyle______.A、couldnotforgivehimfortakingthechildrenB、hadbeenexpectingittohappenforsometimeC、couldnotunderstandwhyD、blamedherselfforwhathadhappened标准答案：C知识点解析：细节题。问题问“当她的丈夫离家出走时，EileenDoyle怎么样?”根据第一段第二行“Eileenwasastonished．．．”可以断定C“(她)不明白为什么”应该是正确答案。其余三项均不符合文章意思。27、Mostpeoplewholeavetheirfamiliesbehindthem______.A、dosowithoutwarningB、dosobecauseoftheirdebtsC、comebackimmediatelyD、changetheirnames标准答案：A知识点解析：细节题。解题依据在文章第二段，其大意为：一年中的每一天都有一小帮男人和女人悄然收拾几件行李，没有留下任何纸条或说一声再见(…withoutsomuchasanoteorgoodbye…,其中withoutsomuchas为重要句型，表示“甚至……都没有”)，最后一次关上前门离家出走了，把他们的债务、他们的忧虑，还有迷惑不解的家庭抛在身后。A项正确。28、Somepeoplewouldevenpreferthedeathtotherunningawayoftheirspousebecause______.A、theirspousewouldfeelnopainduringthedeathB、theirspouse’sdeathwouldnotblowtheirprideandconfidenceC、adesertionwouldnotbringafeelingofrejectionorfailureD、theirspouse’sdeathwouldmakethemfeellesspainful标准答案：D知识点解析：细节题。文章第四段第二、三句说明那些被遗弃的人甚至宁愿自己的配偶已经死亡，至少死亡不会意味着自己被抛弃或失败，所以要比被遗弃的感觉好点。第四段第三句“Atleastit．．．”中的it是指death而不是题干中主语所指。29、Themanorwomanleftbehindwithanunfinishedmarriageusually______.A、admitsresponsibilityforthesituationB、wishesthepersonwhohasleftweredeadC、comesbackwithinayearD、willhavenolegalmarriagelifeforsevenyears标准答案：D知识点解析：推断题。问题的题干应该在第四段最后一句，所以答案在此…Worsethanthat,…anunfinishedmarriage,…waitsevenyearsbefore…,D项正是这种意思。30、PaulBrownregardsleavinghomeinsuchcircumstancesas______.A、anactofdespairB、anactofselfishnessC、theresultofasuddendecisionD、theresultoftheenormoussenseofguilt标准答案：B知识点解析：细节题。依据第五段第二行It’stypicalofthekindofpersonalitywhichseemsabletoignoreotherpeople’spainanddifficulties．B项说“这是一种自私行为”，为正确答案。A“这是种绝望行为”，C“这是突然决定的结果”，D“这是沉重负疚感的结果”，均不符合题意。Accordingtosociologists,thereareseveraldifferentwaysinwhichapersonmaybecomerecognizedastheleaderofasocialgroup.Inthefamily,traditionalculturalpatternsconferleadershipononeorbothoftheparents.Inothercases,suchasfriendshipgroups,oneormorepersonsmaygraduallyemergeasleaders,althoughthereisnoformalprocessofselection.Inlargergroups,leadersareusuallychosenformallythroughelectionorrecruitment.Althoughleadersareoftenthoughttobepeoplewithunusualpersonalability,decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthereisanycategoryof"naturalleaders".Itseemsthatthereisnosetofpersonalqualitiesthatallleadershaveincommon;rather,virtuallyanypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup.Researchsuggeststhattherearetypicallytwodifferentleadershiprolesthatareheldbydifferentindividuals.Instrumentalleadershipisleadershipthatemphasizesthecompletionoftasksbyasocialgroup.Groupmemberslooktoinstrumentalleadersto"getthingsdone".Expressiveleadership,ontheotherhand,isleadershipthatemphasizesthecollectivewell-beingsofasocialgroup'smembers.Expressiveleadersarelessconcernedwiththeoverallgoalsofthegroupthanwithprovidingemotionalsupporttogroupmembersandattemptingtominimizetensionandconflictamongthem.Instrumentalleadersarelikelytohavearathersecondaryrelationshiptoothergroupmembers.Theygiveothersandmaydisciplinegroupmemberswhoinhibitattainmentofthegroups'goals.Expressiveleaderscultivateamorepersonalorprimaryrelationshiptoothersinthegroup.Theyoffersympathywhensomeoneexperiencesdifficultiesandtrytoresolveissuesthatthreatentodividethegroup.Asthedifferenceinthesetworolessuggest,expressiveleadersgenerallyreceivemorepersonalaffectionfromgroupmembers;instrumentalleaders,iftheyaresuccessfulinpromotinggroupgoals,mayenjoyamoredistantrespect.31、Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A、Theproblemsfacedbyleaders.B、Howleadershipdiffersinsmallandlargegroups.C、Howsocialgroupsdeterminewhowillleadthem.D、Theroleofleadersinsocialgroups.标准答案：D知识点解析：主旨题。本篇主要讨论不同的领导者(如instrumentalleaders以及expressiveleaders)在不同的社会群体中所充当的角色和发挥的功能。所以D为正确答案。A、B、C选项都不能正确概括本文主旨。32、ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingwaysbywhichpeoplecanbecomeleadersEXCEPT______.A、recruitmentB、formalelectionprocessC、specificleadershiptrainingD、traditionalculturalpatterns标准答案：C知识点解析：细节题。A选项的招募(recruitment)和B选项选举程序(electionprocess)都在第一段中作为大群体的领导者产生的方式被明确提到。D选项也在第一段中作为家庭领导者的产生的方式被明确提到。只有C选项没有作为产生领导者的一种方式在本文中被提及。33、WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutleadershipcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A、Apersonwhoisaneffectiveleaderofaparticulargroupmaynotbeaneffectiveleaderinanothergroup.B、Fewpeoplesucceedinsharingaleadershiprolewithanotherperson.C、Apersoncanbestlearnhowtobeaneffectiveleaderbystudyingresearchonleadership.D、Mostpeopledesiretobeleadersbutcanproducelittleevidenceoftheirqualifications.标准答案：A知识点解析：推断题。A选项意思是：某一特定群体的有效领导者，不一定就可以成为另一群体的有效领导者。这正好与第二段的意思相吻合，即领导者没有一个固定的特点，只是符合了一个特定群体需要的人就有可能成为该群体的领导者(Itseems…virtuallyanypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup)。B选项和C选项的意思与本文无关。D选项意为：许多人想成为领导者，但却很少能拿出证据来证明他们具有这样的资格。显然是对文章意思的曲解。34、Inmentioning"naturalleaders"inLine7,theauthorismakingthepointthat______.A、fewpeoplequalifyas"naturalleaders"B、thereisnoproofthat"naturalleaders"existC、naturalleadersareeasilyacceptedbythemembersofagroupD、naturalleadersshareasimilarsetofcharacteristics标准答案：B知识点解析：细节题。第二段中…decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthereisanvcategoryof‘naturalleaders’意思是“说数十年来的研究并不能找出可靠证据来证明哪些人可以成为‘天生领导者’”，与B项意思一致。35、Thepassageindicatesthatinstrumentalleadersgenerallyfocuson______.A、ensuringharmoniousrelationshipsB、sharingresponsibilitywithgroupmembersC、identifyingnewleadersD、achievingagoalrathersecondaryrelationshiptoothergroupmembers.标准答案：D知识点解析：细节题。第三、四段主要讲了两种类型的领导者的区别。其中instrumentalleader侧重于群体目标的实现，而expressiveleader相对于前者并不侧重于群体目标的实现，而是注重为群体成员提供情感支持，并尽力减少内部纷争。(Expressiveleadersarelessconcernedwiththeoverallgoalsofthegroupthanwithprovidingemotionalsupporttogroupmembersandattemptingtominimizetensionandconflictamongthem．)Foraboutthreecenturieswehavebeendoingscience,tryingscienceout,usingsciencefortheconstructionofwhatwecallmoderncivilization.Everydispensableitemofcontemporarytechnology,fromcanallockstodialtelephonestopenicillin,waspiecedtogetherfromtheanalysisofdataprovidedbyoneoranotherseriesofscientificexperiments.Threehundredyearsseemsalongtimefortestinganewapproachtohumaninter-living,longenoughtosetbackforcriticalappraisalofthescientificmethod,maybeevenlongenoughtovoteonwhethertogoonwithitornot.Thereisanargument.Voiceshavebeenraisedinprotestsincethebeginning,risinginpitchandviolenceinthenineteenthcenturyduringtheearlystagesoftheindustrialrevolution,summoningurgentcrowdsintothestreetsontheissueofnuclearenergy."Giveitback,"saysomeofthevoices."Itdoesn'treallywork,we'vetrieditanditdoesn'twork.Gobackthreehundredyearsandstartagainonsomethingelselesschancyfortheraceofman."Theprinciplediscoveriesinthiscentury,takingallinall,aretheglimpsesofthedepthofourignoranceofnature.Thingsthatusedtoseemclearandrational,andmattersofabsolutecertainty—Newtonianmechanics,forexample—haveslippedthroughourfingers;andweareleftwithanewsetofgiganticpuzzles,cosmicuncertainties,andambiguities.Someofthelawsofphysicsareamendedeveryfewyears;somearecanceledoutright;someundergorevisedversionsoflegislativeintentasiftheywereactsofCongress.JustthirtyyearsagowecallitabiologicalrevolutionwhenthefantasticgeometryoftheDNAmoleculewasexposedtopublicviewandthelinearlanguageofgeneticswasdecoded.Forawhile,thingsseemedsimpleandclear:thecellwasaneatlittlemachine,amechanicaldevicereadyfortakingtopiecesandreassembling,likeatinywatch.Butjustinthelastfewyearsithasbecomealmostunbelievablycomplex,filledwithstrangepartswhosefunctionsarebeyondtoday'simagining.Itisnotjustthatthereismoretodo,thereiseverythingtodo.Whatliesahead,orwhatcanlieaheadiftheeffortsinbasicresearcharecontinued,ismuchmorethantheconquestofhumandiseaseortheimprovementofagriculturaltechnologyorthecultivationofnutrientsinthesea.Aswelearnmoreaboutfundamentalprocessesoflivingthingsingeneralwewilllearnmoreaboutourselves.36、WhatCANNOTbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?A、Scientificexperimentsinthepastthreehundredyearshaveproducedmanyvaluableitems.B、Forthreehundredyearstherehavebeenpeopleholdingahostileattitudetowardscience.C、Moderncivilizationdependsonsciencesomansupportsscientificprogressunanimously.D、Somepeoplethinkthreehundredyearsisnotlongenoughtosetbackforcriticalappraisalofscientificmethod.标准答案：C知识点解析：细节题。由文章第一段最后一句Thereisanargument．可知，人们对科学的看法是有争议的，选项C意思与其相反，故选C。D项干扰性大，对应第一段倒数第二句，表面上看与文章表述意思相反，但文章接下来说Thereisanargument，由此可知，有的人赞成倒数第二句的观点，有的人反对(即D项的观点)，故排除D。37、Theprinciplediscoveryinthiscenturyshows______.A、manhasoverthrownNewton’slawsofphysicsB、manhassolvedanewsetofgiganticpuzzlesC、manhaslostmanyscientificdiscoveriesD、manhasgivenupsomeoftheonceacceptedtheories标准答案：D知识点解析：推断题。由文章第三段最后一句可知，人类对已有理论所采取的做法是修正或摈弃，所以D正确。A、B对应第四段第二句，曲解了文章原意，C文中并未提及，均应排除。38、Nowscientistshavefoundinthepastfewyears______.A、theexposureofDNAtothepublicisunnecessaryB、thetinycellinDNAisaneatlittlemachineC、manknowsnothingaboutDNAD、manhasmuchtolearnaboutDNA标准答案：D知识点解析：推断题。由文章第四段可知，30年前人们将DNA的发现称为生物革命，刚开始时，人们认为DNA细胞很简单，但随着时间的推移，人们发现它其实极为复杂，由此推断，人们还需要进一步研究，所以D正确。39、Thewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthepassageistosaythat______.A、scienceisjustatitsbeginningB、sciencehasgreatlyimprovedman’slifeC、sciencehasmadeprofoundprogressD、sciencehasdonetoolittletohumanbeings标准答案：A知识点解析：主旨题。由最后一段尤其是第一句中的…thereiseverythingtodo可以看出，作者认为关于科学还有很多方面有待于进一步研究、探索，即科学仍处于起步阶段，前面的路还很长很长，所以A正确。40、Thewriter’sattitudetowardsscienceis______.A、criticalB、approvingC、neutralD、regretful标准答案：C知识点解析：观点态度题。通读全文可知，作者以客观的态度说明了科学的发展状况，并介绍了对待科学的不同观点，综合而言，作者对科学的态度是C“中立的”。A“批评的”，B“赞成的、满意的”，D"遗憾的"，均不正确。Hereamidthesteelandconcretecanyons,greengrassgrows.Ahawthorntree(山楂树)standsinnewsoil,andfreshlydugplantsbendinthewind.ButChicagoCityHallhereseemsanunlikelyspotforagardenofanyvariety—especially20,000squarefeetofgardens—onitsroof.Asoneofahandfulofsimilarprojectsaroundthecountry,thegardenispartofa￥1.5milliondemonstrationprojectedbythecitytoreduceits"urbanheatislands",saidWilliamAbolt,thecommissioneroftheDepartmentofEnvironment.Heatislands—darksurfacesinthecity,likerooftops—soakupheat.Theretentioncanbakeabuilding,makingitstubborntocooling.TheroofofCityHall,a90-year-oldgraystonelandmarkonLaSalleStreetintheheartofdowntown,hasbeenknowntoreachtemperaturesubstantiallyhotterthantheactualtemperatureonthestreetbelow.Thegardenwillprovidegreeneryandshade."Andthat,"saidthecityofficials,"willsavethecitydollarsonthoseblisteringsummerdays."Theprojectsavingsfromcoolingisabout￥4,000ayearonanewroofwhoselifespanisabout50percentlongerthanthatofatraditionalroof.Thesprawlingopen-airrooftopgardenisbeingcarefullybuiltonamulti-tieredbedofspecialsoil,polystyrene,egg-carton-shapedconesand"waterproofmembrane"malltokeeptherooffromleaking,orcavingunderthenormalcombinedweightofsoil,rainandplantlife.Thedesigncallsforsoildepthsof4inchesto18inches.Whenthelastplantsandseedlingsareburiedandthelastbitofcompostislaid,thegardenwillhavecircularbrickstepping-stoneswindinguptohills."TheprimaryfocusofwhatwewanttodowastoestablishthislaboratoryonthetopofCityHalltogetpeopleinvolvedandunderstandingtheirimpactontheenvironmentandhowthelittlethingscanmakeanimpactonthequalityoflife",Mr.Aboltsaid,addingthattheplantsalsohelptocleartheair.Rooftopgardens,inplaceswhereconcretejungleshaveerasedplantsandtrees,arenotnew,noteveninChicago.Armsofgreenerydanglingoverterracesorsproutingfromrooftops,commoninEurope,arebecomingmoresointheUnitedStatesaspeoplebecomeincreasinglyconsciousabouttheenvironment.RichardM.Daley,whourgedtheenvironmentaldepartmenttolookintotheprojectafternoticingrooftopgardensinHamburg,Germanyafewyearsago,haspraisedthegardenasthefirstofitskindonapublicbuildinginthecountry.Itwillholdthousandsofplantsinmorethan150species—wildonionandbutterflyweed,sky-blueasterandbuffalograss—toprovidedataonwhatspeciesadaptbest.Smallplantsrequiringshallowsoildepthswerechieflyselected.41、Therooftopgardenproject______.A、iscommonandpopularinthecountryB、isademonstrationprojectandcoststhecitygovernment1.5milliondollarsC、willmaketheordinarycoolingdownofthecityinsummerunnecessaryD、aimsatgettingpeopleinvolvedandunderstandingtheirimpactontheenvironment标准答案：D知识点解析：细节题。文章第三段第一句指出，该工程是全国为数不多的此类工程之一，所以排除A；还说它是政府投资150万美元的示范工程的一部分，而不是全部，故排除B；文章第四段提到屋顶花园可以降温，但并没有否定传统降温方式的必要性，故排除C；由文章第九段阿伯特先生所说的话可知，D正确。42、WhatcanwelearnabouttheCityHall?A、Itwasbuiltninetyyearsagoandisthemostoutstandingfeatureinthecenterofthecity.B、ItisoriginallypropertobuildagardenonthetopoftheCityHall.C、Thetemperatureonitstopisalittlebitlowerthanthatonthestreetbelow.D、ItisthefirstbuildinginAmericatohaveagardenonit.标准答案：A知识点解析：细节题。由文章第五段可知，市政厅的屋顶有90年的历史，即市政厅建于90年前，且是市中心最著名的建筑，所以A正确。第二段第一句中的anunlikelyspot否定了B项中的originallyproper。根据第五段可排除C。根据第十段notnew可排除D。43、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A、Everyyear,Chicagospendsabout￥4,000oncoolingthecity.B、ThedesignofthegardenontheCityHallspeciallytakesintoconsiderationtheweighttheroofcanstand.C、TheMayorurgedtheenvironmentaldepartmenttolookintorooftopgardensinHamburgandbuildsimilaronesinAmerica.D、Heatislandsmainlyrefertothosedark-coloredrooftopswhichreceiveandretainheatandwillnoteasilyreleasetheheat.标准答案：B知识点解析：推断题。由文章第七段可知，市政厅屋顶花园是精心建造而成的，可以避免屋顶渗漏，或是在土、雨和植物相混合的重量之下坍塌，由此可知，屋顶花园的设计充分考虑到了屋顶能承受的重量，所以B正确。44、WhyshouldtherooftopgardenbebuiltonthetopofCityHallotherthanonanyotherbuildings?A、BecausetheCityHallislarge.B、Becausethemayorhadurgedtheenvironmentaldepartmenttodoso.C、Becauseitcanmakepeopleunderstandtheirimpactonenvironmentbetterthroughapublicbuilding.D、BecausetheexpertsjustwanttomaketheCityHallaconvenientlaboratory.标准答案：C知识点解析：细节题。由文章第九段可知，在市政厅大楼上修建屋顶花园主要是为了让人们了解自己对环境的影响，所以C正确。虽然该段也提到了laboratory，但指的是让人们了解自己对环境的影响的“实验室”，而并不是真正做实验的实验室，故排除D。45、Theword"substantially"(Line2,Para.5)mostlikelymeans______.A、alittlebitB、infactC、materiallyD、considerably标准答案：D知识点解析：语义题。被考查词在句中用于修饰比较级hotter，分析句意可知，此处应表示强调，突出屋顶的温度要比街上的温度高出很多，选项中只有D“相当大地”最符合。A“一点”，B“实际上”，C“本质上地”，均应排除。ScientistshavelongbelievedonewaytostoptheEarth'satmospherefromwarmingisbyplantingmoretrees.Theideaisthatmoretreeswilltakeinorabsorbsomeofthecarbondioxideintheatmosphere.Carbondioxideisagasreleasedbycars,factoriesandotherhumanactivities.ThegastrapsheatintheEarth'satmosphere,whichwarmstheplanet.However,twonewstudieshavefoundthattreesmaynotbeashelpfulinreducingcarbondioxideashadbeenthought.ThefirststudywasdoneatDukeUniversityinDurham,NorthCarolina.Researcherspumpedextracarbondioxideintoatestareawherepinetreesweregrowing.Thetreesgrewthirty-fourpercentfasterduringthefirstthreeyears.However,intime,thetreesslowedtoabouttheirnormalgrowthrate.Thescientistssaythisisbecausetreesneedothernutrients,suchasnitrogen.Inthesecondstudy,researchersfromDukeandBowdoinCollegeinBrunswick,Maineexaminedthesoilaroundtrees.Theydiscoveredthatastheleavesbrokedownintothesoil,allthecarbonwasnottrappedinthesoil.Muchofitwasreleasedintotheatmosphereascarbondioxide.ThefindingsofthetwostudieswerepublishedlastmonthinNaturemagazine.Theysuggestthereislimitedvalueinplantingtreestoreducethecarbondioxidepollutionintheatmosphere.Forestplantinghasbeenapartofnegotiationsonaworldagreementtoreducegreenhousegasesthatscientistsbelievecauseglobalwarming.TheUnitedStates,Canada,Japanandsomeotherindustrialcountrieshavesupportedtheidea.Butthisnewresearchsuggeststheideaisnotaseffectiveasenvironmentalactivistshadthought.ScientistRamOrenofDukeUniversityledthestudyontreegrowth.Hesaysthatearlierestimatesontheabilityofforeststoabsorbcarbondioxidewereoverlyhopeful.Somescientistsnotinvolvedinthestudiessaytheresearchprovides