2022年新疆喀什市普通高中高一下学期期末考试英语试题

喀什市普通高中2021-2022学年第二学期期末考试高一外语试卷第Ⅰ卷（选择题）一、阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANohumanhassetfootontheMoonsince1972.Now,aftermorethanfourdecadesofinactivity,interestinputtinghumansbackontheMoonisfinallyheatingupagain.Butwhowillgettherefirst?CHINAOn14December2013,ChinasuccessfullylandeditsJadeRabbitrover(探测车)ontheMoon.Itisnowworkingonitsnextexplorationmission.NamedChang’e4,themissionisscheduledtotouchdownintheAitkenBasinneartheendof2018.Ifsuccessful,itwillbethefirstlandingontheMoon’sfarside.RUSSIARussiaplansamannedMoonlandingin2030.ItiscurrentlyworkingonaprojectwhoseideaisthatthelanderswillexplorethesouthpoleoftheMoon,exploringforresourcessuchasmineralsandwatericetobeusedtoprovideforahumanoutpost(前哨站).INDIAFollowingthesuccessofitsChandrayaan-1in2008,Indiaannouncedafollow-onmission.Chandrayaan-2wasmeanttocooperatewithRussia.ButwhentheRussiansfailedtodeliverthepromisedlanderin2013,Indiadecidedtogoitalone.Chandrayaan-2isabouttobesentupin2018.U.S.A.InDecember2018,NASAplanstosenduptheExplorationMission1,anuncrewedtestoftheirOrionastronautcapsuleinwhichthecraftwillcirclearoundtheMoonbeforereturningtoEarth.Allbeingwell,acrewedcapsulewillfollowin2023.Shouldthemissionproveasuccess,theastronautswillbethefirsthumanstoseethefarsideoftheMoonwiththeirowneyessinceApollo17in1972.1.WhatwillChinadoinitsnextspacemission?A.ImproveitsJadeRabbitrover.B.Workwithothercountries.C.LandChang’e4ontheMoon.D.ExplorethesouthpoleoftheMoon.2.WhydidIndiatrytocarryoutitsfollow-onmissionalone?A.Itcouldn’tfindapartner.B.Itdidn’tgetthelanderasplanned.CTheRussiansrefusedtoworkwithIndia.D.ItplannedtolaunchChandrayaan-2inadvance.3.WhichcountryisinterestedinresourcesontheMoon?A.Russia. B.China. C.India. D.U.S.A.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国、俄罗斯、印度和美国的登月计划。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“NamedChang’e4,themissionisscheduledtotouchdownintheAitkenBasinneartheendof2018.（这项任务名为嫦娥4号，计划于2018年底前降落在月球AitkenBasin地区。）”可知，中国的下一步空间计划是嫦娥四号登月。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ButwhentheRussiansfailedtodeliverthepromisedlanderin2013,Indiadecidedtogoitalone.（但当俄罗斯未能在2013年提供承诺的登陆器时，印度决定单干。）”可知，由于俄罗斯没能给印度提供着陆器，因此印度决定自己实施登月计划。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“ItiscurrentlyworkingonaprojectwhoseideaisthatthelanderswillexplorethesouthpoleoftheMoon,exploringforresourcessuchasmineralsandwatericetobeusedtoprovideforahumanoutpost.（目前，它正在进行一个项目，其想法是，登陆器将探索月球的南极，探索矿产和水冰等资源，以供人类前哨站使用）”可知，当前俄罗斯正启动一项工程，其思路是登陆器将探索月球的南极的资源，即俄罗斯对月球上的资源非常感兴趣。故选A项。BMrs.FoxwellisoneofthemostrespectedpeopleIknow.Sheisalwayskindtoeveryoneandshetreatsothersthewaythatshewantstobetreated.Shetaughtmerespectinmanydifferentways,butmainlyhowtoberespectfulinthebusinessworld.ShetoldmethatIneededtohaveafirmhandshakeandthatIshouldalwayslookpeopleintheeyewhenItalkedtothem.Mrs.FoxwellalsotaughtmethatIcouldearnsomeone’srespectbyworkinghardtoachievemygoals.InadditiontoworkingatBrandywineSpringsSchool,Mrs.Foxwellonceworkedatabankasamanagerbutshegavethatuptoteachkidshowtobesuccessful.Mrs.Foxwelltoldourclassthatshewouldcrybecauseoftheamountofworkshehadtodoinverylittletime.Shetoldourclassthatworkingallnightatsomethingwedon’tloveisverystressful,soweshouldtryanddosomethingwelove.Intheend,shetaughtmethatIhavetokeepmyheadhighandpullthroughdifficulties.Idon’tthinkIhaveeverworkedashardinanyclassasIdidinherclass.Icreatedmyown28businessplantosharewithher,myparents,otherteachersandmyclassmates.Althoughcreatingabusinessfromnothingwasalotofhardwork,Ireallyenjoyeditandlearnedseverallessonsthatwillhelpmethroughoutlife.Ihavehadalotofrolemodelsinmylife,butoneofthegreatestonesisEvaFoxwell.Shetaughtmeleadershipqualities,howtoberespectfulandwhyIshouldworkhard.ShechangesmylifeforthebetterandIdesiretobelikeher.4.HowdidtheauthorshowrespectaccordingtoMrs.Foxwell?A.Byworkinghardtoachievegoals. B.Bylookingatpeople’shands.C.Byshakingpeople’shandsfirmly. D.Bygreetingpeoplewithjoy.5.WhatcanweknowaboutMrs.FoxwellaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Sheusedtobeabankmanager. B.Shewasabusinessplanner.C.Shenevercriedwhilefacingdifficulties. D.Sheinsistedondoingeverythingwell.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMrs.Foxwell?A.Rude. B.Kind. C.Humorous. D.Confident.7.Intheauthor’seyes,Mrs.Foxwellisa(n)______.A.teacherandcoworker B.educatorandrolemodelC.friendandleader D.coachandmanager【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己最喜欢的老师EvaFoxwell，而且她也是作者一生中最伟大的榜样之一，她教会了作者很多关于领导才能，如何尊重他人，以及为什么应该努力工作等知识。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ShetoldmethatIneededtohaveafirmhandshakeandthatIshouldalwayslookpeopleintheeyewhenItalkedtothem.(她告诉我，当我与他们交谈时，我需要握手坚定，且我应该始终直视对方的眼睛。)”可知，Foxwell老师告诉作者，当与别人交谈时，握手要坚定，且应该直视对方以示尊重。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“InadditiontoworkingatBrandywineSpringsSchool,Mrs.Foxwellonceworkedatabankasamanagerbutshegavethatuptoteachkidshowtobesuccessful.(除了在BrandywineSprings学校工作，Foxwell老师还曾在一家银行做经理，但她放弃了工作，去教孩子们如何成功。)”可知，Foxwell老师曾经是一家银行的经理。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Sheisalwayskindtoeveryoneandshetreatsothersthewaythatshewantstobetreated.(她总是对每个人都很好，她对待别人的方式就是她想要被对待的方式。)”以及第二段“InadditiontoworkingatBrandywineSpringsSchool,Mrs.Foxwellonceworkedatabankasamanagerbutshegavethatuptoteachkidshowtobesuccessful.(除了在BrandywineSprings学校工作，Foxwell老师还曾在一家银行做经理，但她放弃了工作，去教孩子们如何成功。)”可推断，Foxwell老师对每个人都很友好，她放弃了自己在银行的工作去教孩子们如何取得成功，她是很好的人。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“InadditiontoworkingatBrandywineSpringsSchool,Mrs.Foxwellonceworkedatabankasamanagerbutshegavethatuptoteachkidshowtobesuccessful.(除了在BrandywineSprings学校工作之外，Foxwell夫人还曾在一家银行做过经理，但后来她放弃了这份工作，转而教孩子们如何成功。)”和最后一段“Ihavehadalotofrolemodelsinmylife,butoneofthegreatestonesisEvaFoxwell.Shetaughtmeleadershipqualities,howtoberespectfulandwhyIshouldworkhard.ShechangesmylifeforthebetterandIdesiretobelikeher.(在我的生活中有很多榜样，但其中最棒的一个是EvaFoxwell。她教会了我领导才能，如何尊重他人，以及我为什么应该努力工作。她让我的生活变得更好，我渴望像她一样。)”可推断，在作者眼中，Foxwell老师是一名教育家，同时也是自己的榜样。故选B。CMusicisanartthatalmosteveryoneenjoys.Everyonecanmakesoundsbysinging，bangingastick,plucking(弹)atightstringorblowingthroughpipe.Allovertheworld,manykindsofmusichavedevelopedaspeoplefindouthowtomakesoundsindifferentways.Therearesomanykindsofmusictohearthatyoucansoonfindakindthatyoulike.Peoplecangetallkindsoffeelingshearingmusic.Musiccanmakeyoumarchofdance;itcanmakeyoufeelhappyorsad.Morethanotherarts,musiccanaffectyourmoodsandfeelings.Thisiswhymusicissopopular.Everycountryhasitsownkindofmusic.InFrancemanypeoplelikedancemusicplayedontheaccordion(手风琴),andmanyAmericansenjoybanjo(班卓琴)music.Spainisfamousforitsguitarmusic,andIndiaforthetwangingsoundofthesitar.Manypeoplelikemusicintheirownnationalstyle.Buttherearealsopeoplewhoenjoyclassicalmusicandpopmusic,whichhavespreadthroughouttheworldwiththehelpoftherecordplayerandradio.However,therearestillgreatdifferencesbetweenthemusicofthewestandthatoftheeast.Manyoftheinstrumentsareverydifferent.Theguitarandthesitararebothinstrumentsinwhichstringsarepluckedbyfingers,buttheytwonotsoundalike.Themusicaldifferencesbetweentheeastandthewestarenotonlyintheinstruments,butalsoinwaysthenotesareputtogether.8.Musicisanartthatisverypopularintheworldbecause______．A.everybodycanmakeabeautifulmusicB.peoplecangetdifferentfeelingsfrommusicC.musiccanonlymakepeoplehappyD.musicismuchbetterthanotherarts9.Ifyou'reverygoodatplayingtheguitar,youmaybepopularin______．A.America B.FranceC.India D.Spain10.Intheopinionofthewriterofthispassage,______．A.allcountriesandraceshavethesamekindofmusicB.themusicaldifferencesbetweentheeastandthewestareonlyintheinstrumentsC.alltheFrenchpeopleenjoydancemusicplayedontheaccordionD.differentpeoplelikedifferentkindsofmusic11.Thetitleofthispassageshouldbe______．A.Music B.Music—theBestArtC.HowtoEnjoyMusic D.DifferentMusic【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要关于音乐。人们喜欢音乐的原因，种类，风格以及比较了东西方音乐在乐器和乐声上的不同。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Morethanotherarts，musiccanaffectyourmoodsandfeelings.Thisiswhymusicissopopular.(音乐比其它艺术更能影响你的情绪和感受。这就是音乐为什么如此受欢迎)可知，音乐受欢迎的原因是，人们可以通过它获得很多情绪和感受。B.peoplecangetdifferentfeelingsfrommusic(人们可以从音乐中获得不同的感情)符合以上说法，故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的Spainisfamousforitsguitarmusic(西班牙因它的吉他乐而闻名)可推测，如果你擅长弹吉他，那你可能在西班牙受到欢迎。D.Spain(西班牙)符合以上说法，故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段Manypeoplelikemusicintheirownnationalstyle(很多人喜欢具有自己民族风格的音乐)可推测，本文作者认为不同的人喜欢不同的音乐。D.differentpeoplelikedifferentkindsofmusic(不同的人喜欢不同的音乐)符合以上说法，故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述人们喜欢音乐的原因，种类，风格以及比较了东西方音乐在乐器和乐声上的不同。再结合第一段的Musicisanartthatalmosteveryoneenjoys.(音乐几乎是一种人人都喜欢的艺术)可知，A.Music(音乐)可以作为本文标题，故选A项。DItissaidthatteacanimprovecreativepoweroftheliteraryartistsinancientChina.AccordingtoLuYu’sTeaClassics,tea-drinkinginChinacanbetracedbacktotheZhouDynasty—teawasdiscoveredbyShenNongandbecamepopularasadrinkintheStateofLubecauseofZhouGong.Tea-drinkinginChinahasahistoryoffourthousandyears.Asthelegendhasit,ShenNongtastedhundredsofwildplantstoseewhichwerepoisonous,inordertopreventpeoplefromeatingthepoisonousplants.Itissaidthathewasoncepoisonedbutwassavedbyeatingsomeleavesofanevergreenplantwithwhiteflowers.Later,peoplecalledtheleavesthatsavedhislife“cha”.Inmodemtimes,peoplestillkeeptea-drinkingasoneoftheirdailyactivities.Accordingtothestudy,teacanalsohaveeffectsonsomemodernillnesses.Tothosewhohavetoworkwithcomputersforalongtime,drinkingteacanhelpthemtobuildupawallagainstthecomputerradiation.Tothosewhomayhavetoomuchfat,drinkingteacanhelpthemtorecreateanewbalanceintheirbodies.Andtothoseagedpeople,drinkingteaisalsoagoodwaytokeepacalmmoodforalongerlife.12.Tea-drinkinginChinacanbetracedbackto______.A.theZhouDynasty B.theXiaDynastyC.theQingDynasty D.theTangDynasty13.Theunderlinedword“poisonous”inthepassagemeans“______”inChinese.A.供饮用的 B.美味的 C.多姿多彩的 D.有毒的14.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellus?A.ShenNongwasoncepoisoned. B.ShenNongwasahero.C.Thebirthoftea. D.Teabecamepopular.15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThelegendofShenNong. B.Thehistoryoftea-drinkinginChina.C.Drinkingteacanhelppeoplelivelonger. D.Teacanhaveeffectsonsomemodernillnesses.【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国喝茶的历史以及人们喝茶作为日常活动的好处。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“AccordingtoLuYu’sTeaClassics,tea-drinkinginChinacanbetracedbacktotheZhouDynasty—teawasdiscoveredbyShenNongandbecamepopularasadrinkintheStateofLubecauseofZhouGong.(根据陆羽的《茶经》，饮茶在中国可以追溯到周朝——茶是由神农发现的，并因为周公而成为鲁国流行的饮品)”可知，中国的饮茶可以追溯到周朝。故选A。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Asthelegendhasit,ShenNongtastedhundredsofwildplantstoseewhichwerepoisonous,inordertopreventpeoplefromeatingthe”可知，传说中，为了防止人们食用有毒的植物，神农品尝了数百种野生植物，看哪些是有毒的。故画线词意思是“有毒的”，故选D。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Inmodemtimes,peoplestillkeeptea-drinkingasoneoftheirdailyactivities.Accordingtothestudy,teacanalsohaveeffectsonsomemodernillnesses.Tothosewhohavetoworkwithcomputersforalongtime,drinkingteacanhelpthemtobuildupawallagainstthecomputerradiation.Tothosewhomayhavetoomuchfat,drinkingteacanhelpthemtorecreateanewbalanceintheirbodies.Andtothoseagedpeople,drinkingteaisalsoagoodwaytokeepacalmmoodforalongerlife.(时至今日，人们仍将饮茶作为日常活动之一。根据这项研究，茶对一些现代疾病也有疗效。对于那些必须长时间与电脑打交道的人来说，喝茶可以帮助他们建立一堵墙来抵御电脑辐射。对于那些可能有太多脂肪的人，喝茶可以帮助他们在他们的身体重建一个新的平衡。对于那些上了年纪的人来说，喝茶也是保持平静心情、延年益寿的好方法)”可知，第三段主要告诉我们茶变得受欢迎。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Tea-drinkinginChinahasahistoryoffourthousandyears.(饮茶在中国已有四千年的历史)”结合文章主要介绍了中国喝茶的历史以及人们喝茶作为日常活动的好处。可知，文章的主旨是中国的喝茶历史。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。Ifsomethingthatyou’redoingdoesn’tchallengeyou,thenitdoesn’tchangeyou.Weallneedsomenormalstressinourlives,afterall.___16___Sochallengethefollowinglimits:

Figureoutwhatyou’rescaredofanddoitcontinuously.Ifyou’reasalesman,andyou’rescaredoftalkingtopeoplepersonallyoroverthephone,now,insteadofbeingscaredandthinkingyou’llfail,spendatleastfiveminutesadaytopickupthephoneandmakeacall.___17___Butdon’tstoponthefirsttry!

Eventually,youcanlookatfearintheeyesandsay,“Goon,I’mnotscared!”___18___Makesurethishobbyisnotlinkedtoyourcareer;youhavetorelaxandrelieveyourstresswhileperformingthis.Someexamplesmightbecooking,sewing,paintingandsoon.Apartfromhelpingyouchallengeyourself,takingaclassforyourhobbymayalsogiveyouextraincome.Setasideatleastnineminutesadayforphysicalexercise.___19___Asimple9-minuterunaroundyourneighborhoodcandowondersforyourself.Exercisecannotonlyhelpyoumaintainyourregularweight,butalsomakeyoufeelbetteraboutyourself.

Travelandallowyourselftobeinterestedinnewpeople.Don’tjustlimityourselftoyourfellowtravelers—trytoconnectwiththeservicestaff.Youneverknowwhatkindofpeoplethey’regoingtobe.Getoutofyourhouseorgoonlinerightnowtobookyourclass.___20___A.Youshoulddoitcontinuously.B.Someonemayhanguponyou.C.Youdon’tneedtogotothegym.D.Runninginthegymmaybeabetterchoice.E.Starttotravelnowandlearntochallengeyourself.F.Takeaclassforahobbyyou’vebeenwantingtodevelop.G.Youcanneverseeanyimprovementifyousticktoyourcomfortzone.【答案】16.G17.B18.F19.C20.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了4种挑战自己的方法，有挑战才有提高，待在自己的舒适区只会原地踏步。【16题详解】根据上文“Ifsomethingthatyou’redoingdoesn’tchallengeyou,thenitdoesn’tchangeyou.Weallneedsomenormalstressinourlives,afterall.(如果你做的事情没有挑战你，那么它也不会改变你。毕竟，生活中我们都需要一些正常的压力)”和下文“Sochallengethefollowinglimits(因此，挑战以下极限)”可知，空处进一步解释说明如果你一直呆在自己的舒适区，你永远不会看到任何进步。故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Ifyou’reasalesman,andyou’rescaredoftalkingtopeoplepersonallyoroverthephone,now,insteadofbeingscaredandthinkingyou’llfail,spendatleastfiveminutesadaytopickupthephoneandmakeacall.(如果你是一名销售人员，你害怕与人当面交谈或在电话中交谈，现在，不要害怕，不要认为你会失败，每天至少花五分钟拿起电话打个电话)”可知，B项中的“hangup”与上文中“pickupthephoneandmakeacall”对应。B项：Someonemayhanguponyou.(有人可能会挂断你的电话)符合题意。故选B。【18题详解】空处为段落小标题。结合下文“Makesurethishobbyisnotlinkedtoyourcareer;youhavetorelaxandrelieveyourstresswhileperformingthis.(确定这个爱好和你的工作无关;在做的时候，你必须放松，释放压力)”可知，“thishobby”和F项中的“Takeaclassforahobby”对应。F项：Takeaclassforahobbyyou’vebeenwantingtodevelop.(参加你一直想培养的爱好的课程)符合语境。故选F。【19题详解】根据空后面“Asimple9-minuterunaroundyourneighborhoodcandowondersforyourself.(在小区里简单地跑9分钟就可以创造奇迹)”可知,填空处表示锻炼不需要去健身房。故选C。【20题详解】根据这一段的小标题“Travelandallowyourselftobeinterestedinnewpeople.(去旅行，让自己对新朋友感兴趣)”以及空前面一句“Getoutofyourhouseorgoonlinerightnowtobookyourclass.(走出你的房子，或者马上上网去预定你的课程)”可知，空处表示现在就去旅行，学会挑战自己。故选E。二、完形填空（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）Peoplefromdifferentculturessometimesdothingsthatmakeeachotheruncomfortable,withoutmeaningtoorsometimeswithoutevenrealizingit.MostAmericans____21____neverbeenoutofthecountryandhaveverylittle____22____thatwithforeigners.Buttheyareusuallyspontaneouslytogetchildrentohelp,friendlyandopen,and____23____meetingnewpeople,havingguestsand____24____peopletogetherformally(正式地)orinformally.Theytendtousefirstnamesinmost____25____andspeakfreelyaboutthemselves.____26____ifyourAmericanhostsdosomethingthatmakesyou____27____,trytoletthemknowhowyoufeel.Mostpeoplewill____28____yourhonestyandtrynottomakeyouuncomfortableagain.Andyou’lllearnsomethingaboutanotherculture!Manytravelersfindit____29____tomeetpeopleintheU.S.thaninothercountries.Theymayjust____30____andintroducethemselvesoreveninviteyouoverbeforetheyreallyknowyou.SometimesAmericansaresaidtobe____31____friendly.Perhapsitseemsso,buttheyareprobablyjust____32____agoodtime.Justlikeanywhereelse,ittakes____33____tobecomerealfriendswithpeopleintheU.S.IfandwhenyoustaywithAmericanfriends,theywillprobablyenjoy____34____youtotheirfriendsandfamily,andiftheyseemeagertoknowyou,itisprobably____35____theyare.Relaxandenjoyit!21.A.has B.have C.had D.having22.A.trouble B.patience C.knowledge D.experience23A.enjoy B.avoid C.dislike D.mind24.A.receiving B.putting C.mixing D.bringing25.A.situation B.conditions C.surrounding D.aspects26.A.And B.However C.So D.But27.A.unfortunate B.uncomfortable C.pleasant D.comfortable28.A.believe B.praise C.appreciate D.support29.A.easier B.happier C.simpler D.harder30.A.cometo B.comearound C.comeon D.comeup31.A.naturally B.pretended C.heartily D.extremely32.A.killing B.wasting C.having D.taking33.A.time B.money C.ability D.chance34.A.inviting B.leading C.devoting D.introducing35.A.so B.because C.therefore D.thus【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.D25.A26.C27.B28.C29.A30.D31.B32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国人友好而开放，喜欢认识新朋友，邀请客人，把人们正式或非正式地聚在一起。介绍了一些美国人结识朋友的特点。【21题详解】考查时态辨析。句意：大多数美国人从未出过国，很少有和外国人打交道的经验。根据句意可知，此处为现在完成时，主语为MostAmericans，助动词用have。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数美国人从未出过国，很少有和外国人打交道的经验。A.trouble麻烦；B.patience耐心；C.knowledge知识；D.experience经验。根据上文“neverbeenoutofthecountryandhaveverylittle”可知，大多数美国人从未出过国，很少有和外国人打交道的经验。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们通常会自发地让孩子们帮忙，友好而开放，喜欢认识新朋友，邀请客人，把人们正式或非正式地聚在一起。A.enjoy欣赏，喜欢；B.avoid避免；C.dislike不喜欢；D.mind介意。根据上文“friendlyandopen”可知他们友好开放，所以喜欢认识新朋友。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们通常会自发地让孩子们帮忙，友好而开放，喜欢认识新朋友，邀请客人，把人们正式或非正式地聚在一起。A.receiving收到；B.putting放置；C.mixing混合；D.bringing带来。根据后文“peopletogetherformallyorinformally”指和人们聚在一起，应用bringtogether。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大多数情况下，他们倾向于直呼其名，并自由地谈论自己。A.situation情况；B.conditions条件；C.surrounding环境；D.aspects方面。根据上文“Theytendtousefirstnamesinmost”此处是在说明称呼他人的情况，在大多数情况下，他们倾向于直呼其名，故选A。【26题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：所以，如果你的美国东道主做了一些让你不舒服的事情，试着让他们知道你的感受。A.And并且；B.However然而；C.So所以；D.But但是。结合前后文语境可知为因果关系，应用连词so。故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，如果你的美国东道主做了一些让你不舒服的事情，试着让他们知道你的感受。A.unfortunate不幸的；B.uncomfortable不舒服的；C.pleasant惬意的；D.comfortable舒服的。根据后文“trynottomakeyouuncomfortableagain”可知是让你不舒服的事情。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数人会欣赏你的诚实，尽量不再让你不舒服。A.believe相信；B.praise赞美；C.appreciate欣赏；D.support支持。根据后文“yourhonestyandtrynottomakeyouuncomfortableagain”指欣赏你的诚实，尽量不再让你不舒服。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多旅行者发现在美国比在其他国家更容易结识他人。A.easier更容易的；B.happier更快乐的；C.simpler更简单的；D.harder更努力的。根据后文“andintroducethemselvesoreveninviteyouoverbeforetheyreallyknowyou”可知在美国结识他人很容易。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们可能会走上前去介绍自己，甚至在真正了解你之前就邀请你过去。A.cometo想起；B.comearound苏醒；C.comeon快点；D.comeup走近。根据后文“andintroducethemselves”指走上前介绍自己。故选D。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：有时美国人被认为是假装友好的。A.naturally自然地；B.pretended假装；C.heartily衷心地；D.extremely非常。根据下文“Justlikeanywhereelse,ittakes______tobecomerealfriendswithpeopleintheU.S.”可知，美国人有时被认为是假装友好。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许看起来是这样，但他们可能只是觉得这样做很开心。A.killing杀死；B.wasting浪费；C.having有；D.taking带走。根据后文“agoodtime”表示“玩得开心”短语为haveagoodtime。故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像其他地方一样，要想和美国人成为真正的朋友是需要时间的。A.time时间；B.money钱；C.ability能力；D.chance机会。根据上文“Justlikeanywhereelse,ittakes”以及后文“becomerealfriendswithpeopleintheU.S.”可知，成为真正的朋友是需要时间的。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你和美国朋友待在一起，他们很可能把你介绍给他们的朋友和家人，如果他们看起来很想认识你，那可能是因为他们确实如此。A.inviting邀请；B.leading领导；C.devoting奉献；D.introducing介绍。根据后文“youtotheirfriendsandfamily”可知，美国朋友很可能把你介绍给他们的朋友和家人，故选D。【35题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：如果你和美国朋友待在一起，他们很可能把你介绍给他们的朋友和家人，如果他们看起来很想认识你，那可能是因为他们确实如此。A.so所以；B.because因为；C.therefore因此；D.thus因此。引导表语从句，表示“因为”应用because。故选B。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题部分）三、单句语法填空（共10空，每空2分，共20分）36.Thecompetitionisopentobothteamsand______(individual).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】individuals【解析】【详解】考查名词复数。句意：比赛对团队和个人都开放。and前后名词的形式一致，由teams是复数可知，空格处也用复数individuals，故填individuals。37.Ihaveneverseensuchan______(energy)man.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】energetic【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我从未见过如此精力充沛的人。修饰名词man，用形容词形式作定语。根据句意，故填energetic。38.Mybrotherwasunwilling______(apologize)tome.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】toapologize【解析】【详解】考查不定式。句意：我哥哥不愿意向我道歉。beunwillingtodosth.是固定短语，意为“不愿意做某事”，因此空格处用不定式toapologize。故填toapologize。39.Heunfortunatelypassed______lastyear.（用适当的词填空）【答案】away【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他去年不幸去世了。此处为短语passaway表示“去世”。故填away。40.______youknow,Juliaisleavingsoon.（用适当的词填空）【答案】As【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如你所知，茱莉亚很快就要走了。引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺少宾语，表示“正如”应用as。句首单词首字母要大写。故填As。41.He______(leave)mealonelastweek.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】left【解析】【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：上周他丢下我一个人。根据lastweek可知，本句应该用一般过去时，所以此处应该填提示词的过去式。故填left。42.Ican’tmakethatdecisionforyou;youmusthavetouseyour______(judge).（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】judgement【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我不能替你做决定；你必须运用你的判断力。形容词性物主代词your后接名词形式在句中作宾语。根据句意，故填judgement。43.______(diverse)isbeneficialtoenvironmentallearning.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】Diversity【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：多样性有利于环境学习。句中用名词作主语。名词diversity“多样性”，为不可数名词，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Diversity。44.Musichas______impactinmylife.（用适当的词填空）【答案】an【解析】【详解】考查冠词。句意：音乐对我的生活有很大的影响。名词impact作为“影响”之意，为可数名词，泛指，且发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。45.It’simportanttoexercise______(regular).（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】regularly【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：经常锻炼很重要。修饰动词exercise，用副词形式，在句中作状语，根据句意，故填regularly。四、单句改错（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）46.从以下句子中找出有错误的一处并改正，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（╲）划掉。修改：把需要修改的词用横线（__）画出，并在下面写出正确的词。WangMeiandherclassmatesisalwayshelpingotherseveryday.LastSundaytheywenttoanursehomeanddidsomevoluntarywork.Whentheyarrived,theywereallwarmwelcomed.Theypresentedtheoldpeoplewithflowersandfruit.Then,theybeganworkatonce,cleanthewindowsandsweepingthefloor.Witheverythingdoingtheysatintheyardreadingnewspaperstoanold.Whenitwastimeforthevolunteertoleave,themanagerpraisedandthankedforthem.Theywereveryhappybecausethattheydidreallybroughtjoytoothers.Fromtheirexperience,I’velearnedthathelpingothersisagreatvirtue.【答案】1.is→are2.nurse→nursing3.warm→warmly4.fruit→fruits5.began后加to6.doing→done7.an→the8.volunteer→volunteers9.删除for10.that→what【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述上周日，王梅和她的同学们到养老院做志愿活动。【详解】1.考查主谓一致。句意：王梅和她的同学们每天总是帮助别人。主语为WangMeiandherclassmates，谓语动词用复数。故将is改为are。2.考查固定搭配。句意：上周日，他们去了一家养老院，做了