2022年贵州省黔西南布依族苗族自治州高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题

黔西南州2021—2022学年度第二学期期末质量检测高一英语注意事项：1.答题时，务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名。准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.答非选择题时，必须使用黑色墨水笔或黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。5.考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APlacestoVisitandProtectWhenplacesarewell-knownandpopular—historicalandmodernalike—wemightthinkthatthey’llbearoundforever.Butmanyofthemareindangerofdisappearing.TheGreatBarrierReefThishugecoralreefhassufferedfromcoralbleaching(白化)—causedbyclimatechange.Thestudieshavewanedthatthedamagetoitcouldbecomeirreversible(不可逆的)inthenext10year.OldCityofJerusalemOneoftheworld’smostreligious(宗教的)places,theOldCityofJerusalem,isindangerofdespairing.Widespreadurbanization(城市化)hasbeenfoundthemainreasontothecity.MachuPicchuLocatedinsouthernPeru,MachuPicchuintheremainsofahugestonecitadel(城堡)builtduringthe15thcentury.Unfortunately,overtourism,thefasturbanization,aswellasfires,inrecentyears,leadUNESCOtoworkingforitsprotection.MountKilimanjaro’sPeakLocatedinTanzania,itssymbolicsnowcapmightdisappearsoon.Researchfoundthatthesnowcaphadlost85percentofthetotalareaofitsicefieldsbetween1912and2007,andtheremainingicecouldbehistoryasearlyas2030.1.WhatisthemaincauseoftheGreatBarrierReef’sdamage?A.Overtourism. B.Fires. C.Urbanization. D.Climatechange.2.Whichplacecanbethebestplaceforthoseinterestedinancientcitadels?A.TheGreatBarrierReef. B.OldCityofJerusalem.C.MachuPicchu. D.MountKilimanjaro’sPeak.3.Whatdotheaboveplaceshaveincommon?A.Theyallhaveashorthistory. B.Theyareallinthesameplace.C.They’reallindangerofdisappearing. D.Theyareallfamousfornaturalscenery.【答案】1.D2.C3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个可以参观但也需要保护的地方。【1题详解】细节理解题。由TheGreatBarrierReef中的“Thishugecoralreefhassufferedfromcoralbleaching(白化)—causedbyclimatechange.(由于气候变化，这个巨大的珊瑚礁遭受了珊瑚白化的影响)”可知，大堡礁受损的主要原因是气候变化的影响。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由MachuPicchu中的“LocatedinsouthernPeru,MachuPicchuintheremainsofahugestonecitadel(城堡)builtduringthe15thcentury.(马丘比丘位于秘鲁南部，位于一座建于15世纪的巨大石头城堡遗址中)”可知，对于那些对古城堡感兴趣的人来说，MachuPicchu是最好的地方。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Butmanyofthemareindangerofdisappearing.(但这些地方中的许多有消失的危险)”可知，以上地方的共同点在于：它们都有消失的危险。故选C项。BI’vebeenintovolunteerworksincechildhood.Asagirl,Ivolunteeredatanimalshelters,playedmusicatnursinghomes,andhelpedwithcommunitycleanup.Incollege,Ivolunteeredheavilyatalargeyearlyconference(会议),whereIfirstmetandfellinlovewithmyhusbandTom,whowasonmyteamofco-volunteers.VolunteeringhasbeenawayoflifeformeandIwouldn’tdoitifIdidn’tenjoyit.Mostofthetime,youdofeelthatyou’remakingadifference.OnceIledaprojectthatprovidedfoodtoSyrianfamilies.WhenitwasnearingRamadan,thebiggestholidayseasoninIslam,Ifilledthefoodpackagewithnuts,oliveoil,sweets...WetookthepackageandarrivedjustasaSyrianfamilywassittingontheirfloorforbreakfast.Theyhadnothingbutsomebreadandapotoftea.Themothercriedwhenseeingus,sayingshewouldneverforgetourkindnessgratefully.Anothertime,somefriendsandIvolunteeredtoachurchwithonlyafewelderlyresidents.Thechurchyardneededattention.Wespenttheweekendinthehomeofoneoftheseoldladiessowecouldcleanandrepairthechurchyard.I’llneverforgetthenewlifeinhereyesasshestayedwithus.Itbrokemyhearttorememberthisoldladywithpleasureforsuchsmalleffortswemade.Volunteerworkissatisfyingnotbecauseyouhavedonesomework,butbecauseyourpresencehasaneffectonpeoplearound.ItmakesmegratefulforwhatIhaveandgivesmeachancetoservepeople.4.Wheredidtheauthormeetherhusbandforthefirsttime?A.Inhercollege. B.Ataconference.C.Atanursinghome. D.Atananimalshelter.5.WhydidtheSyrianmothercrywhentheauthorarrived?A.Shewasgratefultothekindness. B.HerchildrenwerebadlyillC.Shedidn’thaveanyfoodatall. D.Herhousewasbroken.6.Whatwastheoldlady’sattitudefromParagraph3?A.Surprised. B.Disappointed. C.Pleased. D.Confused.7.Whydoestheauthorthinkvolunteeringissatisfying?A.Shecanmakelotsoffriends. B.Shecanlearnmuchknowledge.C.Shecankillmuchofherfreetime. D.Shecanhaveaneffectonpeoplearound.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者从小就热衷于志愿者工作，讲述了几次从事志愿者工作的经历以及对志愿者工作的感悟。【4题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Incollege,Ivolunteeredheavilyatalargeyearlyconference(会议),whereIfirstmetandfellinlovewithmyhusbandTom,whowasonmyteamofco-volunteers.(在大学里，我在一个大型的年度会议上做志愿者，在那里我第一次见到并爱上了我的丈夫汤姆，他是我的志愿者团队中的一员)”可知，作者在会议上第一次见到她的丈夫汤姆。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Themothercriedwhenseeingus,sayingshewouldneverforgetourkindnessgratefully.(叙利亚母亲看到我们哭了，说她永远不会忘记我们的好意)”可知，叙利亚母亲哭是因为她感激作者和志愿者们的善意。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中的“Itbrokemyhearttorememberthisoldladywithpleasureforsuchsmalleffortswemade.(想起这位老太太为我们所做的这些小小的努力而高兴的样子，我的心都碎了)”可知，老太太对志愿者的帮助感到高兴。故选C项。【7题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Volunteerworkissatisfyingnotbecauseyouhavedonesomework,butbecauseyourpresencehasaneffectonpeoplearound.(志愿者工作之所以令人满意，不是因为你做了一些工作，而是因为你的存在对周围的人产生了影响)”可知，作者认为志愿工作令人满意是因为她可以对周围的人产生影响。故选D项。CHasyourmomordadeverpostedaphotoofyouonsocialmediathatyoudidn’twantanyoneoutsideyourfamilytosee?InanagewhenpeopleoftensharepersonalinformationonsitesuchasFacebook,Twitter,andInstagram,manyparentsusuallypostphotosoftheirchildren.Accordingtoarecentstudy,aparentwillpostalmost1,000photosofachildonlinebeforethechildturns5.Parentsoftenpostphotosonsocialmediabecausetheywanttosharetheirchild’sspecialmomentswiththeirfriendsandfamilySomemomsanddadsdoitasawaytoconnectwithotherparents.Theymayhavediscussionswithexperiencedparentsabouttopicssuchashowtogetkidstosleeporhowtodealwithkids’behavioralproblems.Mostparentsdon’tasktheirchildrenforpermissionbeforeposingphotosofthem.Theyfeelitisnotnecessarytoconsult(询问)withtheirchildrenfirstbecausethebenefitsoutweighanypossiblerisks.Manyofthemdonotfeartheirkids’pictureswillspreadfurtherthanintended.Somemayevenexpectunknownpeopletoviewandcommentonthepictures,andthusmeetmorenewpeopleontheInternet.“ThephotosIpostofmychildrenallowmetoknowalotofpeopleIwouldn’tnecessarilyincludeonmylist.”saidLaurenApfel,awriterandmotheroffour.“Theyhavehelpedmecreateagrouponsocialmedia.”Otherparentsandchildexpertsbelievethatkidsshouldbeconsulted.Theysaythatphotoscanstayonlineformanyyearsandthatkidsshouldhavesomecontrolovertheironlinephotos.DevorahHeiner,anauthorwhorunsworkshopsaboutkids,isofthesaneopinion.“Allowyourchildrentodecidewhetheryoucansharetheirphotosonsocialmedia.”shesaid.8.Whatdoweknowabouttoday’sparentsfromParagraph1?A.Theylikepostingtheirkids’photosonline.B.Theyspendtoomuchtimeonline.C.Theyoftenpostphotosoffamilymembers.D.Theytrytoprotectkids’personalinformation.9.Whydosomeparentsoftensharetheirchildren’sphotosonlinefromParagraph2?A.Toletmorepeopleknowtheirchildren. B.Toshowtheirchildrenisexcellent.C.Togetsomeusefuladviceonparenting. D.Tokilltheirboringtime.10.WhatdoesApfelthinkofsharingkids’photosonline?A.Itislikelytoberisky. B.Itisharmfultochildren.C.Ithelpshertomakemorefriends. D.Itmakesheronlinefriendsbored.11.WhatisHeitner’sadviceforparentswholiketoposttheirkids’photosonline?A.Lettingtheirkidsshare. B.Gettingkids’permissionfirst.C.Tellingkidsthephotosaretheirs. D.Lettingkidsknowsharingishelpful.【答案】8.A9.C10.C11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了现在的父母喜欢在社交媒体上晒娃的现象，很多时候并没有征得孩子同意，其他家长和儿童专家认为应该咨询孩子。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“InanagewhenpeopleoftensharepersonalinformationonsitesuchasFacebook,Twitter,andInstagram,manyparentsusuallypostphotosoftheirchildren.(在一个人们经常在Facebook、Twitter和Instagram等网站上分享个人信息的时代，许多父母通常会发布他们孩子的照片。)”可知，今天的父母喜欢发布他们孩子的照片。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Theymayhavediscussionswithexperiencedparentsabouttopicssuchashowtogetkidstosleeporhowtodealwithkids’behavioralproblems.(他们可能会与有经验的父母讨论诸如如何让孩子入睡或如何处理孩子的行为问题等话题。)”可知，有些父母经常在网上分享他们孩子的照片是为了获得一些育儿方面的有用建议，故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“ThephotosIpostofmychildrenallowmetoknowalotofpeopleIwouldn’tnecessarilyincludeonmylist.(我晒出的孩子们的照片让我认识了很多人，我不一定会把他们列入我的名单。)”可知，Apfel认为在网上分享孩子的照片帮助她交到更多的朋友。故选C。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Allowyourchildrentodecidewhetheryoucansharetheirphotosonsocialmedia.(让你的孩子决定你是否可以在社交媒体上分享他们的照片。)”可知，对于那些想要上传孩子照片的父母，海特纳建议先征得孩子们的同意。故选B。DWhatweknowaboutvirusesisthattheylovetospread.Thenovelcoronavirusishappytouseushumansasitshost.Othervirusesfancyhoneybees.Butlikeus,beesfightback.Astudyshowsthathoneybeesactuallyuseaformofsocialdistancingtopreventspreadingtheviruswithintheirowngroups.Ofcourse,theviruscancontrolthebeesinawaythatspreadstheinfectiontothegroupnextdoor.Sohowcanbeeskeepvirusfromspreadinglikewildfire?TimGernat,agraduatestudent,developedasystemtofollowthebehaviorofbeesafterintroducinginfectedbeesintothehive.AdamDolezal,workingwithGernatdescribed,“Wefoundwithintheirowngroups,whentheyareinteractingwiththeirnestmates,infectedbeesexperiencefewercontactbehaviorsthanbeeswhoarenotinfected.”Theresearchersalsosawthesamesortofsocialavoidancewhen,insteadofinfectingthebeeswithavirus,theyartificiallyactivatedthebees’immunesystem.So,thebehaviorisdrivenbythebees’ownimmuneresponseinsteadofbythevirus.Ifhoneybeesaregoingtoprotecttheirgroupsandtheirqueenfromdisease,sickbeesneedtokeeptheirfeelers(触须)tothemselves.Meanwhile,beesareundernopressuretokeepvirusfromspreadingtoothergroups.Andthat’swherethevirusgainstheupperhand.Researchersfoundtheguardbeesfromothergroupswereactuallylessaggressivetowardincominginfectedbeesthantheyweretouninfectedbees.Therefore,wethinktheviruscouldaccesstoothergroupsbychangingthechemicalsbeesusetocommunicatewhotheyareandwherethey’refromandmakeitmoreacceptabletoothergroups’guardbees.That’sreallybadnewsforbeekeeperstendingtokeephivesrightnexttooneanother.12.WhydidTimGernatdevelopthesystem?A.Todoresearchoninfectedbees’hive. B.Toobtaintheinfectedbees’behaviors.C.Tofinishtasksgivenbyprofessors. D.Toshowbeesarefreetokeepinfections.13.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph5?A.Theviruscancompletelycontrolthebeesallthetime,B.Anumberofinfectedbeescanenterothergroupseasily.C.Theguardbeehavelittleonthevirusinfection.D.Theviruscannotchangebees’communicationchemical.14.Fromthetext,whatarethebeekeepersmostprobablyadvisedtodo?A.Letalltheinfectedbeesflyawayimmediately.B.Killalltheinfectedbeesinhives.C.Stopothergroups’infectedbeescoming.D.Keepbeehiveshealthilydistanced.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheSeverityofVirus’HarmtoInfectedBeesB.DifferencesBetweenBees’SocialBehaviorsC.Virus-infectedBeesPracticeSocialDistancingD.UninfectedBees’ChangesinSocialBehaviors【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一项研究表明，蜜蜂实际上使用一种社交距离的形式来防止病毒在自己的群体中传播。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“TimGernat,agraduatestudent,developedasystemtofollowthebehaviorofbeesafterintroducinginfectedbeesintothehive.(研究生TimGernat在将受感染的蜜蜂引入蜂巢后，开发了一种跟踪蜜蜂行为的系统。)”可知，蒂姆·格纳特开发这个系统是为了获得受感染蜜蜂的行为。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的“Meanwhile,beesareundernopressuretokeepvirusfromspreadingtoothergroups.Andthat’swherethevirusgainstheupperhand.Researchersfoundtheguardbeesfromothergroupswereactuallylessaggressivetowardincominginfectedbeesthantheyweretouninfectedbees.(与此同时，蜜蜂没有压力来防止病毒传播给其他群体。这就是病毒占上风的地方。研究人员发现，与未感染的蜜蜂相比，来自其他群体的守卫蜂实际上对入侵的感染蜜蜂不那么有攻击性。)”可推断出许多受感染的蜜蜂可以很容易地进入其他群体。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Therefore,wethinktheviruscouldaccesstoothergroupsbychangingthechemicalsbeesusetocommunicatewhotheyareandwherethey’refromandmakeitmoreacceptabletoothergroups’guardbees.That’srallybadnewsforbeekeeperstendingtokeephivesrightnexttooneanother.(因此，我们认为这种病毒可以通过改变蜜蜂用来交流身份和来源的化学物质来接触其他群体，并使其他群体的守卫蜂更容易接受这种病毒。这对那些把蜂箱放在一起的养蜂人来说是个坏消息。)”可知，养蜂人最可能被建议让蜂巢保持健康的距离，故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，尤其是第二段的“Astudyshowsthathoneybeesactuallyuseaformofsocialdistancingtopreventspreadingtheviruswithintheirowngroups.(一项研究表明，蜜蜂实际上使用一种社交距离的形式来防止病毒在自己的群体中传播。)”可知，本文主要讲的是一项研究表明，蜜蜂实际上使用一种社交距离的形式来防止病毒在自己的群体中传播，因此最好的题目是C选项“Virus-infectedBeesPracticeSocialDistancing(感染病毒的蜜蜂通常会保持社交距离)”，故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Visitingacompletelynewplacecanbringalotofexcitement,butitcanalsobeabitscaryandconfusing.____16____Tohelpmakesurethatyourtripwillgosmoothly,followthesestepsbelow.Secureanddouble-checkyourpassport.____17____Inmostcountries,foreignersarerequiredhavetheirpassportswiththemallthetime.Frankly,itmightincreasetheriskofyourpassportbeinglost.Instead,bringapapercopy.____18____Onceyou’vedecidedwheretogo,youneedtocheckwhetherornotyou’llneedavisatotravel.Ifyouvisitacountrythatrequiresone,makesurethatyousecureitbeforeyourflight.Ifyoufailtodoso,youwon’tbeallowedtoboardtheplane,whichcanbeahugetroubleandawasteofmoney.Makesurethatyoucanaccessyourmoneyoverseas.Checkwithyourbankaboutinternationalfeesandwhethertheyhavepartnerbanksinthecountryyou’llbevisiting.____19____Planyourclothesandpackearly.Mostofthetime,peoplealwaysforgetthingswhentheypackrightbeforeafight.____20____Ifyouhaveeverythingsortedoutbeforehand,yourfirsttripabroadismorelikelytogowithoutunnecessaryworries.A.Checktoseeifyouneedavisa.B.Thiscanhelpyousavemoneyontransactionfees(交易费用).C.Makesureyourvisaisavailableallovertheworld.D.Forgettingsomethingimportantcanbeveryannoying.E.It’sgoodpracticetocreatebothdigitalandpapercopiesofit.F.Yourpassportisthemostimportantwhentravelingtoanothercountry.G.Withtherightpreparation,yourfirstinternationaltravelwillbepleasant.【答案】16.G17.F18.A19.B20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲是确保你的旅行顺利进行的几个方法。【16题详解】根据空前“Visitingacompletelynewplacecanbringalotofexcitement,butitcanalsobeabitscaryandconfusing.(参观一个全新的地方会带来很多刺激，但也可能有点可怕和困惑)”可知，参观一个新地方会带来困惑。结合下文介绍的几个方法，如果有了充分的准备，那么这种旅行将会是令人愉快的。G选项“Withtherightpreparation,yourfirstinternationaltravelwillbepleasant.(有了正确的准备，你的第一次国际旅行将会是愉快的)”承上启下，符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】本段小标题是“Secureanddouble-checkyourpassport.(仔细检查你的护照)”，F选项“Yourpassportisthemostimportantwhentravelingtoanothercountry.(当你去另一个国家旅行时，护照是最重要的)”说明的是护照很重要，符合本段主旨。故选F。【18题详解】空格处是本段小标题，由下文“Onceyou’vedecidedwheretogo,youneedtocheckwhetherornotyou’llneedavisatotravel.(一旦你决定去哪里，你需要检查是否需要签证旅行)”可知，本段主要讲的是要检查是否需要签证，A选项“Checktoseeifyouneedavisa.(检查一下你是否需要签证)”概括本段内容，可作为小标题，故选A。【19题详解】根据空前“Checkwithyourbankaboutinternationalfeesandwhethertheyhavepartnerbanksinthecountryyou’llbevisiting.(向你的银行查询国际费用，以及他们在你将要访问的国家是否有合作银行)”推知，空处陈述这样做的作用。B选项“Thiscanhelpyousavemoneyontransactionfees(交易费用).(这可以帮助你节省交易费用)”符合语境，故选B。【20题详解】根据空前“Mostofthetime,peoplealwaysforgetthingswhentheypackrightbeforeafight.(大多数时候，人们总是在吵架前收拾行李时忘记带东西)”可知，旅行忘记带东西是最麻烦的。D选项“Forgettingsomethingimportantcanbeveryannoying.(忘记重要的东西是很烦人的。)”是对上文忘记带东西的评论，其中“Forgetting”和前面的“forget”相一致，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文。从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AsamedicalstudentatGadjahMadaUniversity,Ispentmostofmytimestudyinginclassrooms.SoIdidn’t____21____speakwithpatientsinhospital.ThenI____22____tovisittheneurologyward(神经内科病房)atDr.SardjitoHospital.Onecoldevening,Iwasintheward,lookingforastroke(中风的)patient,whomIwouldcallMsA,togathersome____23____informationformystudy.Holdingaform,Iwalkedintoherroom.MsAwaslyingonthebed,____24____stillweak.Therewerenorelativeswithher.Ina(n)____25____voiceIaskedhowshewasgoing.Shesoftlyrepliedthatshewasgettingbetter.AfterIfinished,Ipreparedtoleave.BeforeIcould____26____,MsAstartedtalkingaboutherself.Shesharedherdifficultiesand____27____,talkedaboutherhusband,whowaskilledinacaraccident.Withoutbeing____28____ofit,IhadbegunholdingMsA’shand.SinceIdidn’thaveanythingtosay,Ijustsatquietlywhileshewastalking.That’swhenit____29____methatshejustwantedmetolisten.AllIdidwastonodmyheadasawayofshowingmy____30____.Finally,MsAstoppedtalking.“I’mverysorryforkeepingyoulisteningtomyproblems,butIfeelbetterwithsome____31____now.”Istillheldherhandand____32____ather,saying“It’sOK,Ma’am.It’spartofmyduty.”ThenIstoodupandwavedgoodbyetoher.However,I’llneverforgetwhatthe____33____hastaughtme.Sometimespatientsdon’tnecessarilyneedexpensivemedicineor____34____technology.Theyjustneedsomeonewiththepatienceto____35____anearandsparealittletimetothem.21.A.occasionally B.currently C.frequently D.accidentally22.A.proved B.sought C.extended D.determined23.A.significant B.convenient C.independent D.limited24.A.amazingly B.vividly C.obviously D.normally25.A.passive B.fancy C.odd D.slight26.A.turnup B.risetomyfeet C.getacross D.goallout27.A.faults B.sufferings C.missions D.warnings28.A.aware B.anxious C.ignorant D.fond29.A.ensured B.greeted C.struck D.impressed30.A.comfort B.solution C.tension D.joy31.A.effort B.passion C.relief D.patience32.A.disappeared B.applauded C.aimed D.stared33.A.investigation B.experience C.response D.opportunity34.A.advanced B.creative C.curious D.typical35.A.forgive B.lend C.press D.wave【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.C25.D26.B27.B28.A29.C30.A31.C32.D33.B34.A35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者是一名医学生，为了收集研究所需要的信息，作者去病房找一位A女士，作者倾听她的困难和痛苦，作者意识到有时病人并不一定需要昂贵的药物或先进的技术，他们只是需要一个有耐心的人倾听他们的心声。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我不经常和医院里的病人说话。A.occasionally偶尔；B.currently目前；C.frequently经常地；D.accidentally意外地。由上文“Ispentmostofmytimestudyinginclassrooms”可知，作者大部分时间都在教室里学习，所以不经常和医院里的病人说话。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我决定去Dr.Sardjito医院的神经病学病房看看。A.proved证明；B.sought寻找；C.extended延长；D.determined决定。由后文“tovisittheneurologyward(神经内科病房)atDr.SardjitoHospital”可知，作者不经常和医院里的病人说话，后来决定去Dr.Sardjito医院的神经病学病房看看。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个寒冷的晚上，我在病房里寻找一位中风患者，我叫她A女士，为我的研究收集一些重要的信息。A.significant重要的；B.convenient便利的；C.independent独立的；D.limited有限的。由后文“formystudy”可知，作者要收集的信息对自己的研究很重要，故选A。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：A女士躺在床上，显然身体还很虚弱。A.amazingly惊奇地；B.vividly生动地；C.obviously显然；D.normally通常。由上文“lyingonthebed”可知，她躺在床上，很显然身体还很虚弱。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我轻声问她近况如何。A.passive被动的；B.fancy花俏的；C.odd奇怪的；D.slight细微的。由后文“Iaskedhowshewasgoing”可知，作者面对的是病人，所以应该是轻声问，空格处意为“细微的”，故选D。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我还没来得及站起来，A女士就开始谈论她自己。A.turnup出现；B.risetomyfeet站起来；C.getacross使……被理解；D.goallout全力以赴。由上文“Ipreparedtoleave”可知，作者打算离开，所以此处表示“我还没来得及站起来，A女士就开始谈论她自己”，空格处意为“站起来”，故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她分享了自己的困难和痛苦，谈到了在车祸中丧生的丈夫。A.faults过错；B.sufferings痛苦；C.missions任务；D.warnings警告。由上文“Shesharedherdifficultiesand”和后文“herhusband,whowaskilledinacaraccident”可知，A女士是和作者分享困难和痛苦，故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不知不觉中，我开始握着A女士的手。A.aware意识到的；B.anxious担心的；C.ignorant无知的；D.fond喜欢的。由后文“IhadbegunholdingMsA’shand”可知，作者不知不觉中握着A女士的手，也就是作者没有意识到自己握着A女士的手，空格处意为“意识到的”，故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时候我突然意识到她只是想向我倾听。A.ensured确保；B.greeted问候；C.struck突然想到；D.impressed留下深刻印象。由后文“shejustwantedmetolisten”可知，作者突然意识到A女士只是想向他倾听。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所做的只是点头表示安慰。A.comfort安慰；B.solution解决办法；C.tension紧张；D.joy高兴。由上文“Shesharedherdifficultiesand____7___”可知，A女士和作者分享她的痛苦，作者应该是点头表示安慰。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很抱歉让你一直听我的问题，但我现在感觉好多了，轻松了许多。A.effort努力；B.passion热情；C.relief宽慰，轻松；D.patience耐心。由上文“Ifeelbetter”可知，因为作者的倾听和安慰，A女士感觉轻松了许多，故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仍然握着她的手，盯着她说。A.disappeared消失；B.applauded鼓掌；C.aimed瞄准；D.stared盯着。由后文“ather,saying”可知，作者是盯着A女士说话，故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我永远不会忘记这段经历教会了我什么。A.investigation调查；B.experience经历；C.response回答；D.opportunity机会。由上文“Onecoldevening,Iwasintheward,lookingforastroke(中风的)patient,whomIwouldcallMsA,togathersome____3____informationformystudy”可知，作者去病房找A女士这件事对作者来说是一段经历，故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时病人并不一定需要昂贵的药物或先进的技术。A.advanced先进的；B.creative有创意的；C.curious好奇的；D.typical典型的。由上文“patientsdon’tnecessarilyneedexpensivemedicine”和后文“technology”可知，句子表示“有时病人并不一定需要昂贵的药物或先进的技术”，故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们只是需要一个有耐心的人倾听他们的心声，给他们一点时间。A.forgive原谅；B.lend借出；C.press按；D.wave挥手。由第9空后的“shejustwantedmetolisten”可知，此处表示“他们只是需要一个有耐心的人倾听他们的心声”，lendanear意为“倾听”，故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InEnglish,thereisapopularsaying—Allgoodthingsmustcome____36____anend.This,however,mightnotalwaysbetrue.ForthesixfriendsinFriends,the“goodthings”—thefriendshipsbetweenthemhaveneverreallyended.Perhapsyouhaven’tseenFriends.TheTVseriestellsthestoryofsixyoungpeople,Rachel,Ross,Monica,Chandler,PhoebeandJoey____37____cametoNewYorkCitytofindlove,successandfun.Eachofthemhadadifferentpersonality.However,theywereabletoputtheir____38____(different)asideandbecamegoodfriends.SeventeenyearshaspassedsincethelastepisodeofFriends.Fanshavebeenlookingforwardto____39____(approach)thesixfriends’reuniononthescreen.Thatwishfinallycametrue.Aspecialepisode,Friends:TheReunion,____40____(broadcast)onlineonMay27.YourEnglishteacheronceprobably____41____(recommend)Friendstoyou.Forsure,watchingtheserieswillhelpyoulearnEnglish.Butyoucanlearnalittle____42____(much)fromFriendsthantheothers.Onethingitcanteachusallishow____43____(obtain)lastingfriendships.AsRacheloncesaid,“Backinthe1990s,therewerenocellphones____44____(absolute).Itwasjustfriendssittingaround_____45_____chattingtogether.”Ifyouwanttohavelifelongfriends,don’tjustchatonline.Makesuretoalwaysbethere—foryourfriends!【答案】36.to37.who##that38.differences39.approaching40.wasbroadcast##wasbroadcasted41.recommended42.more43.toobtain44.absolutely45.and【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。《老友记》不仅能帮你学习英语，还能帮你了解友谊，它的特别续篇《老友记：团圆》于5月27日在网上播出。【36题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：在英语中，有一句流行的谚语：一切美好的事情都必须结束。固定搭配cometoanend(结束)。故填to。【37题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：这部电视剧讲述了瑞秋、罗斯、莫妮卡、钱德勒、菲比和乔伊六个年轻人来到纽约寻找爱情、成功和乐趣的故事。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是sixyoungpeople，指人，在从句中做主语，用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。【38题详解】考查名词复数。句意：然而，他们能够抛开分歧，成为好朋友。结合their可知，不止一个分歧，用名词difference的复数形式。故填differences。【39题详解】考查动名词。句意：粉丝们一直期待着六个朋友在荧幕上重聚。lookforwardtodoingsth.(期待做某事)，approach用动名词形式作宾语。故填approaching。【40题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：5月27日，一个特别的续篇《老友记：团圆》在网上播出。结合时间状语onMay27可知，主语Aspecialepisode和谓语动词broadcast是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Aspecialepisode单数，谓语单数形式。故填wasbroadcast/wasbroadcasted。【41题详解】考查时态。句意：你英语老师可能曾经向你推荐过朋友。结合once(曾经)可知，谓语动词recommend用一般过去时。故填recommended。【42题详解】考查比较级。句意：但是你可以从《老友记》那里学到比其他的事物多一点的东西。结合than可知，用比较级more。故填more。【43题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：它可以教会我们所有人的一件事是如何获得持久的友谊。“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”作表语，obtain用动词不定式形式。故填toobtain。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：Rachel曾经说过的，“在20世纪90年代，完全没有手机，只有朋友坐在一起聊天。”副词absolutely作状语，修饰前面句子。故填absolutely。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：Rachel曾经说过的，“在20世纪90年代，完全没有手机，只有朋友坐在一起聊天。”sittingaround和chattingtogether是并列关系，用并列连词and。故填and。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）46.假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Jim对短视频在中国的流行很感兴趣，写信向你了解并询问如何制作小视频。就此请你给他回一封电子邮件，主要内容如下：1.基本情况；2.制作建议；3.表达期望。注意：1.词数80左右，邮件开头和结尾已给出；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJim,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,I’mgladtohearthatyouareinterestedinshortvideos.Recently,shortvideosareexactlybecomingmoreandmorepopular.Manypeopleliketousethemtoshowtheirlives.HereIwillgiveyousomeadviceonhowtomakeafantasticone.Makingshortvideosrequiresnoprofessionalskills.Anysmartphoneusercanmakeone.Theyareeasyandfuntomake.Asitsnamesuggests,mostshortvideosarelessthan5minutes.Someshorteronesonlylastforafewseconds.Besides,choosesomethingpositiveandhealthytorecord.Becausetheyarealsoagoodwaytospreadnewsandknowledge.What’smore,afterrecording,youcanaddmusictothemtomakeshortvideosattractive.They’relikeastagewhereeveryonecanhaveavoice.HopemyadvicewillbehelpfultoyouandI’mlookingforwardtowatchingyourshortvideos.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国朋友Jim回一封电子邮件，介绍短视频在中国的流行及如何制作小视频。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：glad→delighted最近：recently→lately建议：advice→suggestion另外：besides→moreover2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：I’mgladtohearthatyouareinterestedinshortvideos.Recently,shortvideosareexactlybecomingmoreandmorepopular.拓展句：I’mgladtohearthatyouareinterestedinshortvideos,whichareexactlybecomingmoreandmorepopularrecently.【点睛】[高分句型1]I’mgladtohearthatyouareinterestedinshortvideos.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2]They’relikeastagewhereeveryonecanhaveavoice.(运用了where引导的定语从句)第二节读后续写（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成篇完整的短文。OneFridayafternoon,someofmyclassmatesplannedtotakeahikeinajungle(丛林),includingmyfriendsJakeandLiam.TheyaskedmeifIwouldliketogowiththem.Iloveoutdooractivities,soIimmediatelyagreed.Itwassunnythefollowingmorning.Iwasinaverygoodmood.IwassoexcitedabouthikingsinceitwasthefirsttimethatIhadhikedwiththem.Iatealightbreakfast.Afterthat,Ihurriedlyranoutofmyhousetomeetthemintheschoolplayground.Thejunglewhereweweregoingwasfarfromourschool.ItsnameisSalymbiaJungle.Ittookaboutthreehourstogotherebybus,butitwasn’taboringjourneyaswewerealleagertohike.Afterwegotoffthebus,wefoundalocalguidetoensureoursafety.Theguide,whosenam