2022年江西省宜春市高一上学期期末英语试题

2021-2022学年江西省宜春市高一上学期期末英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AStudentsSpaceTravelHi!I’mamedicalstudentandworkinLondononSundays.Ineedalift.Istartworkat7：30andImustn’tbelate,butIhaven’tgottransport.I’mhappytosharethecostofpetrol.Ilikerockmusicandcomputergames.Textorphone07777531245.Jane.ContactsAreyouself-confident?Doyoulikemeetingnewpeople?IwanttogotoAustraliainthesummerandworkthere.Ilikeplayingbasketballandenjoydancing.Doyouwanttocomewithme?EmailAdamAB@.AccommodationI’mafirst-yearartstudentandwanttoshareaflatorhouseinthecitycenter.Icanpayupto$300amonth.Ilikeshoppingandgoingout.Idon’tenjoylivinginthestudenthostel.Ifyousharemylifestyleandhavesomespaceatyourplace,phoneCala:07879345621.ContactsDoesanyonehavefriendsinPortugalorBrazil?I’mamodernlanguagestudentandIwanttohaveane-mailpenfriendwhospeaksPortuguese.Ilikeswimmingandpopmusic.I’mnotaseriousperson.Iliketopartywithmyfriends.WritetoHenry.happyfoot@.AccommodationI’vegotasmallhousenearthecampusandIwanttoshareitwithoneotherperson.Youmustbetidy.Ilikeplayingchessandlisteningtoclassicalmusic.I’mafinal-yearphysicsstudent.ComeandseetheroomonSaturdaymorning.Maggie,142BennetRoad（behindtheScienceFacultybuilding）.1.WhydidJanepostonStudentsSpace?A.Tofindsomeonewiththesameinterest. B.ToapplyforajobinLondon.C.Toasksomeonetogiveheralift. D.Totellusherdifficulty.2.WhatcanyoudoifyouspeakPortuguesefluently?A.Call07879345621. B.Call07777531245.C.EmailAdamAB@. D.EmailHenry.happfoot@.3.WhatdoCalaandMaggiehaveincommon?A.Theyhavethesamepurposeforposting. B.Theyarebothfirst-yearstudents.C.Theysharethesamehobbies. D.Theydon’tlikelivinginthestudenthostel.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了StudentsSpace里面的5条互动信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一个标题Travel下“Ineedalift.”（我需要搭便车。）可知，Jane需要搭便车。故选择C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四个标题Contacts下“I’mamodernlanguagestudentandIwanttohaveane-mailpenfriendwhospeaksPortuguese.”（我是一名学习现代语言的学生，我想有一位会说葡萄牙语的电子邮件笔友。）以及“WritetoHenry.happyfoot@.”（发邮件到Henry.happyfoot@。）可知，如果你能流利地说葡萄牙语，请发邮件到Henry.happyfoot@。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。题干中的“Cala”和“Maggie”，分别能在原文第三个标题Accommodation下和第五个标题Accommodation下找到。这两个标题都是“Accommodation”（住宿）可推知，两人都是找人合租，她们的目的相同。故选择A。BThispastsummer,Iappliedformyveryfirstjobatasmallbakeryinmyneighborhood.IknewthatifIwerehiredthere,Iwouldlearnhowtouseacashregister,preparesandwiches,andtakecakeorders.IimaginedthatmybiggeststrugglewouldbeservingdemandingNewYorkers,butIneverthoughtthattheactoftyingaboxwouldbecomebothmybiggestchallengeandgreatestteacher.OnmyfirstdayofworkinlateAugust,oneoftheemployeesquicklyexplainedtheprocess.Itseemedsimple:wrapthestring(绳子)aroundyourhand,thenwrapitthreetimesaroundtheboxbothways,andfastenit.Irepeatedthemessageinmyhead,“Threetimes,turnit.Threetimes,tieit.”untilitbecamemyprayer.Afterobservingseveralemployees,itwasclearthatanyonetyingtheboxcouldcompleteitinamatterofseconds.Forweeks,Ifailedendllessly,onlytowatchthestrongandsmallpiecesofmyprideunravel(散开)eachtimeItried.AsIrushedtopushhalf-tiedcakeboxesintoplasticbagswithembarrassment,Icouldnothelpbutwonderwhatwaswrongwithme.Astheweeksprogressed,myskillsslowlybegantoimprove.Ofcourse,thereweredayswhenIjustwantedtothrowallofthestringinthetrashandusetapeinstead;thissenseofdefeatwasneverwanted,butcommentslike“Oh,youmustbenew”fromimpatientcustomersmademeangryandIdeterminedtotryevenharder.SlowlyIbegantorealizethatIshouldnotbeashamedifittakesmelongertolearn.Ikepton,andIcontinuedtotieboxeseveryweekendatwork.EventhoughIsometimesfellbackintohelplessness,IalwaysrewrappedthestringaroundmyhandandstartedoverbecauseIlearnedthatthemostsatisfyingvictoriescomefromnotgivingup.4.Atfirstwhatwasthebiggestchallengetheauthorthoughtshewouldface?A.Theresultthatshewasnothired.B.ThechanceofservingthedemandingNewYorkers.C.Theabilitytomasterhowtotieabox.D.Theneedtolearnhowtouseacashregister.5.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.A.shefounditquiteeasytoadapttothenewjob.B.shetriedhardbutstilldidn’tprogressmuch.C.shehadnochoicebuttoquitthejobfinally.D.sheoftenthrewawaymanystringsinthegarbage.6.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Intelligentandconfident. B.Rudeandproud.C.Determinedandhardworking. D.Easy-goingandwarm-hearted.7.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthorsexperience?A.Wellbegunishalfdone. B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Itisnousecryingoversplitmilk. D.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者一次暑假的工作经历，作者从中体会到：最令人满意的胜利来自永不放弃。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第三句中的“IimaginedthatmybiggeststrugglewouldbeservingdemandingNewYorkers”(我想象我最大的困难将是可能为要求苛刻的纽约人服务)可知，起初，可能会为苛刻的纽约人服务是作者认为她将面临的最大挑战。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Forweeks,Ifailedendllessly,onlytowatchthestrongandsmallpiecesofmyprideunraveleachtimeItried”(几个星期以来，我失败了无数次，每次我尝试的时候，我只能眼睁睁地看着我那坚强而又渺小的自尊破灭)可知，作者努力了，但仍然没有多大进步。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Ikepton,andIcontinuedtotieboxeseveryweekendatwork”(我坚持了下来，继续在每个周末的工作时间捆盒子)可知，作者是一个坚定且努力的人。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“EventhoughIsometimesfellbackintohelplessness,IalwaysrewrappedthestringaroundmyhandandstartedoverbecauseIlearnedthatthemostsatisfyingvictoriescomefromnotgivingup”(尽管我有时会陷入无助，但我总是重新把绳子缠到我的手上，重新开始，因为我知道最令人满意的胜利来自于不放弃)可知，从作者的经历中我们可以学到“有志者事竟成”的道理。故选D。CThereyouareinyourfavoriteclothingstore.Youdon’treallyneedtobuyanything,buteverythingissocheapandstylish.Beforeyouknowit,youleavethestorewithbagsandbagsofnewclothes.Onthesurface,thisdoesn’tseemsobad.However,therearealotofhiddencostsbehindthecheappriceputforwardbyfastfashionbrands.Toputitsimply,thefashionindustryisterriblefortheplanet.Notonlydoesituseupalotofresources,butitalsoheavilypollutestheenvironmentwithchemicals,microplasticsandunwantedwaste.Fashionisoneoftheleastsustainable(可持续发展的)industriesontheplanet,commentedMichaelStanley-Jones,aprogrammanagementofficerwiththeUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram.“We’veallbecomeourownwastemanagers,hoardingfashionwasteinourclosets,”henoted.Itdoesn’tjusttakeupspaceinourclosets,though.Italsoendsupinwasteyard,too.Infact,threeoutofeveryfivegarmentsendupeitherbeingburnedorsenttowasteyards.But,thankfully,thefashiontrend(趋势)tidesarechanging.“Peopleareincreasinglyexaminingtheirownconsumption(消费)andwhatchangestheycanmaketobecomesustainable,”JaneFellner,founderandCEOofsustainablefashionretailerLoopster,oldtheGuardian.Inparticular,withitstypicallylowerpricesandrarefashionfinds,shoppingsecondhandhasbecomeanincreasinglypopularandeco-friendlychoice.AccordingtoonlineresellerThredUp,thesecondhandmarketispredictedtoreach$80billionabout518billionyuanby2029.And,althoughfastfashionwillcontinuetogrow20percentoverthenext10years,secondhandfashionisexpectedtogrowanunbelievable185percentinthatsameamountoftime.Fellnercontinued,“Secondhandhasbecomemoresociallyacceptableand,forsome,cool.TheactofsavingisnowcommononTikTok.”8.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?APeople’sloveforfastfashion. B.Reasonswhyfastfashionispopular.C.Theharmcausedbythefashionindustry. D.Thewaypeoplechooseclothes.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hoarding”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Storing. B.Destroying. C.Changing. D.Recycling.10.WhatdoesJaneFellnerthinkofsecondhandfashion?A.It’snotcoolbutacceptable. B.Itisoutofdateatpresent.C.Ithasdefeatedfastfashion. D.Itisbecomingahit.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Weshouldgiveupfastfashion. B.Buyingcheapclothesshouldbestopped.C.Eco-friendlyfashionisgainingpopularity. D.JaneFellnerisafashioninsider.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是服装行业消费趋势正在发生改变，二手服装越来越受人欢迎。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二自然段“Toputitsimply,thefashionindustryisterriblefortheplanet.Notonlydoesituseupalotofresources,butitalsoheavilypollutestheenvironmentwithchemicals,microplasticsandunwantedwaste.(简单地说，时尚业对地球来说是很可怕的。它不仅消耗了大量的资源，而且还用化学物质、微塑料和不需要的废物严重污染了环境)”可知，本段主要是讲时尚业造成的危害。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四自然段的“Itdoesn’tjusttakeupspaceinourclosets,though.Italsoendsupinwasteyard,too.(但它不只是占用我们的橱柜空间。它们也会被扔进垃圾填埋场)”可知，我们购买了许多衣服，囤积在橱柜，并且最终都成了垃圾，结合划线句“We’veallbecomeourownwastemanagers,hoardingfashionwasteinourhouses(我们都已成为了自己的废物管理者，在家里boarding时尚垃圾)”可知，这些囤积在房间里的衣服，最终让我们成为自己的垃圾管理者。由此推知，划线词表示“囤积”，与store(存储)意思相近。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Fellnercontinued:“Secondhandhasbecomemoresociallyacceptableand,forsome,cool.TheactofsavingisnowcommononTikTok.”(费尔继续说：“二手的商品已经变得更被社会接受，并且对于有些人还觉得很酷。节约现在在抖音上是规模巨大的。”)”可知，费尔认为二手时尚被社会接受，同时在抖音上有巨大的市场。由此推知，二手时尚正在成为一个热门。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“But,thankfully,thefashiontrendtidesarechanging(不过，谢天谢地，时尚潮流正在改变)”以及文章倒数第三段“Inparticular,withitstypicallylowerpricesandrarefashionfinds,shoppingsecondhandhasbecomeanincreasinglypopularandeco-friendlychoice.(特别是，由于其通常较低的价格和罕见的时尚发现，二手购物已成为越来越流行和环保的选择)”可知，人们对于时尚的观点与以前发生了改变，现在越来越流行环保的二手时尚。由此可知，本文最佳标题为“环保时尚越来越受欢迎”。故选C。DIfyou’reoneofthosepeoplewhohavetroublefallingasleep,listenup.Youmightfallasleep15minutesearlierandwakeupfarlessduringthenightifyouputonapairofsocksatbedtime.Tounderstandwhy,youfirstneedtounderstandtherelationshipbetweencorebodytemperatureandsleep.Duringdaylighthours,thehumanbodykeepsatanaveragetemperatureof37degreesCelsius.Butatnight,yourcorebodytemperaturereducesasmuchas1.2degreesCelsiusoverthecourseofsixorsevenhoursofsleep.Itturnsoutthatthisgradualdecreaseincorebodytemperatureisakeypartofthecomplexneurobiologicaldance(神经生物学行为)offallingasleepandstayingasleep.Andthefasteryoucanlowerthecorebodytemperature,thefasteryouwillfallasleep.Oneofthewaysyourbodyregulates(调节)itstemperatureisthroughbloodvessels(血管)inyourskin.Ifthebraindecidesthebodyistoohot,itwillwidenbloodvessels,guidingwarmerbloodfromthebody’scoretotherestofthebodytocoolitdown.Ifthebodyistoocold,thebrainsignalstheoppositereaction,limitingtheflowofbloodtothesurface.Accordingtoresearchers,warmingthefeetbeforegoingtosleeppromotesvasodilation(血管舒张)byusingawarmfootbathorwearingsocks,whichinturnlowersthebody’scoretemperaturefasterthangoingtosleepwithcold,barefeet.Scientiststhinksockedfeetmayhaveaneurologicaleffectaswell.InsidethePO/AHofthebrainisatypeofawarm-sensitiveneuron(热敏神经元),helpingusfallasleepandstayasleep.Andifthat’sthecase,warmingupthefeetbeforebedtimegiveswarm-sensitiveneuronsanextrapower.Inastudy,Koreanresearchersfoundthatwearingapairofspecial“sleepingsocks”notonlyquickenedsleep,butlengthenedoverallsleeptimebyanaverageof30minutesandcutnighttimewakingperiodinhalf.12.What’stherelationshipbetweencorebodytemperatureandsleep?A.Onceyoucontrolyourcorebodytemperature,you’llfallasleepquickly.B.Thefasteryourcorebodytemperaturedrops,thefasteryou’llfallasleep.C.Thecorebodytemperaturedoesn’thaveanythingtodowithsleep.D.Thedecreaseofthecorebodytemperaturestopsfastsleep.13.Whichofthefollowingisthebenefitofsleepingwithapairofsocks?A.Loweringthebody’stemperaturegreatly. B.Reducingoverallsleeptime.C.Increasingnighttimewakingperiod. D.Speedingupyoursleep.14.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A.People’sbodytemperaturegoesupatnight.B.Itmustbeuncomfortabletowearsocksinbed.C.Awarmfootbathmightbehelpfulbeforesleeping.D.Warm-sensitiveneuronshavenoeffectonsleep.15.Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?A.Bylistingnumbers. B.Byprovidingexamples.C.Bymakingcomparison. D.Bygivingexplanations.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。研究表明，睡觉时穿一双袜子有利于更快入睡以及减少晚上醒来的次数，因此，本文对核心体温和睡眠之间的关系进行了详细的解释。【12题详解】细节理解题。文章第三段“Itturnsoutthatthisgradualdecreaseincorebodytemperatureisakeypartofthecomplexneurobiologicaldance(神经生物学行为)offallingasleepandstayingasleep.Andthefasteryoucanlowerthecorebodytemperature,thefasteryouwillfallasleep.(事实证明这个核心体温逐渐下降是入睡和保持睡眠状态这个复杂的神经生物学行为的关键部分。你降低核心体温的速度越快，你入睡的速度就越快)”可知，核心体温下降得越快，入睡的速度也越快。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Inastudy,Koreanresearchersfoundthatwearingapairofspecial‘sleepingsocks’notonlyquickenedsleep,butlengthenedoverallsleeptimebyanaverageof30minutesandcutnighttimewakingperiodinhalf.(韩国研究人员在一项研究中发现，穿一双特殊的‘睡眠袜子’不仅能加快睡眠速度，还能将整体睡眠时间平均延长30分钟，并将夜间醒来的时间缩短一半)”可知，穿着袜子睡觉，可加快入睡速度，延长整体睡眠时间。缩短夜间醒来时间。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。原文倒数第二段“Scientiststhinksockedfeetmayhaveaneurologicaleffectaswell.InsidethePO/AHofthebrainisatypeofawarm-sensitiveneuron(热敏神经元),helpingusfallasleepandstayasleep.Andifthat’sthecase,warmingupthefeetbeforebedtimegiveswarm-sensitiveneuronsanextrapower.(科学家们认为穿袜子的脚也可能对神经系统有影响。在大脑的PO/AH内部是一种热敏神经元，帮助我们入睡并保持睡眠。如果是这样的话，睡前暖脚会给热敏感神经元增加额外的能量)”可知，睡前暖脚跟睡觉穿袜子一样，有助于我们入睡和保持睡眠。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，文章第一段提出观点：睡觉时穿袜子有利于睡眠。从第二段“Tounderstandwhy,youfirstneedtounderstandtherelationshipbetweencorebodytemperatureandsleep.(要理解其中的原因，你首先需要了解核心体温和睡眠之间的关系)”可知，作者接下来要解释其原理。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FourWaystoBeattheMondayBluesFormostworkersandstudents,Mondayisthetoughestday,whichimpliesthatthehappyweekendisover,whilethenewweekofworkandstudyhasjustbegun.However,Mondayalwayscomesasusual.____16____Thefollowingfourtipscanhelpyougreetthecomingweekfullofenergy.____17____Insteadoffocusingonthedifficulttasksthatlieaheadofyou,youcanmakealistbywritingdownsomethingsthatyouarelookingforwardto.Agoodplacetostartistothinkofonethingyouareexcitedaboutforeachcategory:atwork,afterwork,andattheweekend.Sleephasahugeeffectonourmood.AccordingtoHarvardMedicalSchool,“poorsleepcancauseeasyangerandstress,whilehealthysleepcanincreasewell-being.”So,nexttimeifyoufindyourselfalittlemoreshort-temperedthannormal,sleepmaybetheanswer.____18____It’sworthtakingthisintoconsiderationonSundaytoavoidalackofenergyonaMondaymorning.Don’tunderestimate（低估）thepowerofclothing.Infact,psychologistsconcludethatthestronglinkbetweenclothingandmoodsuggestsweshouldputonclothesthatweassociatewithhappiness,evenwhenfeelinglow.____19____KeepMonday’sschedulealittlelighterthanotherdays.Afteraweekendoffun,don’tgiveyourselfatootightschedule,pleasetakeiteasy.____20____Itmeansputtingsometimeintotheeasiertasks.PuttinglesspressureonyourselfisagoodwaytobeattheMondayBlues.A.Justdosmallandeasythings.B.Thinkaboutallthegoodtocome.C.Sinceyoucan’tescape,you’dbetterfaceitbravely!D.Thisdoesn’tmeansittingaroundandbeinglostinyourblues.E.ReduceMondayBluesbyallowingyourselftodoeverythingwithmoreease.F.Inshort,nothingisbetterthanwearingwhatmakesyoufeelgreatonMonday!G.Takeanaptoenergizeorgettobedearliertonighttomakeupforsleep.【答案】16.C17.B18.G19.F20.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主语介绍了四种战胜周一忧郁症的方法。【详解】1.根据上文“However,Mondayalwayscomesasusual.”(然而，星期一总是像以往那样到来。)可知，周一总是会来的，所以空处应该是描写，我们要勇敢面对它，C项“Sinceyoucan’tescape,you’dbetterfaceitbravely”(既然你逃不了，你最好勇敢地面对它。)符合，承接上文，故选C。2.分析文章结构可知，第一段点名主题，第二，三，四，五段，每段分别介绍了一种战胜周一忧郁症的方法，且每段第一句是主题句，所以该处为段落主题句。根据下文“Insteadoffocusingonthedifficulttasksthatlieaheadofyou,youcanmakealistbywritingdownsomethingsthatyouarelookingforwardto.Agoodplacetostartistothinkofonethingyouareexcitedaboutforeachcategory:atwork,afterwork,andattheweekend.”(与其把注意力集中在你面前的困难任务上，你可以列一个清单，写下一些你期待的事情。你可以从以下每一类中让你感到兴奋的事情开始：工作中，下班后，周末。)可知，本段主要讲你可以列举你向往的美好事情。所以B项“Thinkaboutallthegoodtocome.”(想想所有即将到来的美好事物。)符合语境。故选B。3.根据上文“So,nexttimeifyoufindyourselfalittlemoreshort-temperedthannormal,sleepmaybetheanswer.”(所以，下次如果你发现自己比平时脾气更暴躁，睡眠可能就是答案。)可知，此处指睡眠能改善自己脾气暴躁的情况，所以可以推断出空处应该描写如何睡觉能改善脾气不好的情况，G项“Takeanaptoenergizeorgettobedearliertonighttomakeupforlostsleep”(睡个午觉以补充能量或今晚早点上床睡觉来弥补失眠。)符合，承接上文，故选G。4.根据上文“Infact,psychologistsconcludethatthestronglinkbetweenclothingandmoodsuggestsweshouldputonclothesthatweassociatewithhappiness,evenwhenfeelinglow.”(事实上，心理学家得出结论，衣服和情绪之间的紧密联系表明，我们应该穿上与快乐有关的衣服，即使是在情绪低落的时候。)可知，本段主要讲衣服会影响情绪，所以要穿令你快乐的衣服，F项“Inshort,nothingisbetterthanwearingwhatmakesyoufeelgreatonMonday!”(简而言之，在周一穿着让你感觉很棒的衣服这比什么最重要！)符合，对上文进行总结。故选F。5.根据上文“Afteraweekendoffun,don’tgiveyourselfatootightschedule,pleasetakeiteasy.”(度过一个愉快的周末之后，不要给自己安排太紧的时间，请放松。)可知，此处指出我们要在愉快的周末后，要放松，所以可以推断出，空处应该是承接上文，对具体描述如何在愉快的周末后放松，D项“Thisdoesn’tmeansittingaroundandbeinglostinyourblues.”(这并不意味着坐在那里，沉浸在忧郁之中。)符合，承接上文，同时选项中“Thisdoesn’tmean”与下文“Itmeans”相呼应。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thisisastoryofapenguin（企鹅）thatswims5,000milestoa____21____inBrazileveryyearinordertovisitthemanwhosavedhislife.Itsoundslikesomethingoutofafairytale,butit’strue！JoaoPereiradeSouzaisa71-year-oldretiredworkerandpart-time____22____.HelivesinanislandvillagejustoutsideRiodeJaneiro,Brazil.Hefoundthesmallpenguin____23____onrocksathislocalbeachin2015.Thepenguinwasstarvingandcoveredinoil.Joao____24____thepenguin,naminghimDinDin,____25____theoiloffhisfeathers（羽毛）andfedhimadailydietoffishtorebuildhis____26____.WhenDinDin____27____,Mr.deSouzasethimfreeintothesea,____28____expectingtoseehisnewfriendagain.Thelittleguywasn’tgonelong,though,andjustafewmonthslater,hewasbackatthesamebeach.He____29____Joaofishingandfollowedhimhome,stayingwithhimfortherestoftheyear.____30____,thiscyclehas____31____overthepastfiveyears.EachyearDinDinstayswithJoaoforabouteightmonthsandisbelievedto____32____therestofthetimebreeding（繁殖）onthePatagoniacoastsofArgentinaandChile.“Ilovethepenguinlikehe’smyownchildandIbelievethepenguinlovesme,”JoaotoldGloboTV.“Nooneelseisallowedtotouchhim.He____33____themiftheydo.Butheliesonmylap,letsmegivehimshowersandallowsmetofeedhim____34____.”ProfessorKrajewski,abiologistwhointerviewedthefishermanforGloboTV,said:“Ihaveneverseenanythinglikethisbefore.IthinkthepenguinbelievesJoaoispartofhis____35____andprobablyapenguinaswell.”21.A.stream B.dam C.beach D.rock22.A.guide B.author C.teacher D.fisherman23.A.sleeping B.lying C.playing D.climbing24.A.kicked B.comforted C.recognized D.rescued25.A.cleaned B.collected C.applied D.painted26.A.function B.strength C.attention D.emotion27.A.suffered B.recovered C.protested D.returned28.A.only B.just C.ever D.never29.A.inspired B.noticed C.attracted D.imagined30.A.Amazingly B.Anxiously C.Frighteningly D.Embarrassingly31.A.stopped B.disappeared C.improved D.continued32.A.waste B.devote C.balance D.spend33.A.attacks B.forgives C.appreciates D.traps34.A.coffee B.grass C.fish D.shells35.A.habitat B.family C.life D.body【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.D25.A26.B27.B28.D29.B30.A31.D32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了南美洲一只叫丁丁的企鹅每年都要游5000英里到巴西的一个海滩和它的救命恩人团聚的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个关于一只企鹅每年要游5000英里到巴西的一个海滩去看望救了它一命的人的故事。A.stream小河，小溪；B.dam堤，坝；C.beach海滩，海滨；D.rock岩石。根据“Thelittleguywasn’tgonelong,though,andjustafewmonthslater,hewasbackatthesamebeach”(不过，小家伙没去多久，就在几个月后，它又回到了原来的海滩)可知，此处是指巴西的一个海滩。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：JoaoPereiradeSouza是一名71岁的退休工人和兼职渔民。A.guide导游，向导；B.author作者；C.teacher老师；D.fisherman渔民。根据后文“He...Joaofishing”可知，此处是指Joao是一名兼职渔民。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2015年，他在当地海滩发现了这只躺在岩石上的小企鹅。A.sleeping睡觉；B.lying躺；C.playing玩耍；D.climbing攀爬。根据后文“Thepenguinwasstarvingandcoveredinoil”(这只企鹅饥肠辘辘，浑身是油)可知，此处是指躺在岩石上，十分虚弱。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Joao救了这只企鹅，给它起名为丁丁，清理了它羽毛上的油污，每天喂它吃鱼，让它恢复体力。A.kicked踢，踢腿；B.comforted安慰；C.recognized识别；D.rescued拯救。根据“fedhimadailydietoffish”可知，此处是指Joao救了这只企鹅。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Joao救了这只企鹅，给它起名为丁丁，清理了它羽毛上的油污，每天喂它吃鱼，让它恢复体力。A.cleaned清理；B.collected收集；C.applied申请；D.painted涂，抹。根据“theoiloffhisfeathers”可知，此处是指清理了它羽毛上的油污。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Joao救了这只企鹅，给它起名为丁丁，清理了它羽毛上的油污，每天喂它吃鱼，让它恢复体力。A.function功能；B.strength体力；C.attention注意力；D.emotion情绪。根据“fedhimadailydietoffish”可知，此处是指让它恢复体力。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当丁丁康复后，德·索萨先生把它放回海里，从没想过能再见到他的新朋友。A.suffered遭受；B.recovered康复；C.protested抗议，反对；D.returned返回。根据“Mr.deSouzasethimfreeintothesea”可知，此处是指当丁丁康复后。故选B。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当丁丁康复后，德·索萨先生把它放回海里，从没想过能再见到他的新朋友。A.only只有；B.just刚刚；C.ever曾经；D.never从未。根据“Thelittleguywasn’tgonelong,though”可知，此处是指德·索萨先生没想到丁丁还会回来。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他注意到Joao在钓鱼，就跟着他回家，这一年剩下的时间都和他在一起。A.inspired激励；B.noticed注意到；C.attracted吸引；D.imagined想象。根据“Joaofishingandfollowedhimhome”可知，此处是指丁丁注意到Joao在钓鱼。故选B。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，这个循环已经持续了五年。A.Amazingly令人惊讶地；B.Anxiously焦虑地；C.Frighteningly令人恐惧地；D.Embarrassingly使人尴尬地。根据前文“neverexpectingtoseehisnewfriendagain”可知，此处是指这件事情令人惊讶。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，这个循环已经持续了五年。A.stopped停止；B.disappeared消失；C.improved改善；D.continued持续。根据后文“EachyearDinDinstayswithJoaoforabouteightmonths”(每年丁丁都会和Joao在一起待大约8个月)可知，这个循环已经持续了五年。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年，丁丁都会和Joao呆在一起8个月，其余的时间都在阿根廷和智利的巴塔哥尼亚海岸繁殖。A.waste浪费；B.devote贡献；C.balance使平衡；D.spend度过。根据“therestofthetimebreedingonthePatagoniacoastsofArgentinaandChile”可知，此处是指在阿根廷和智利的巴塔哥尼亚海岸繁殖度过其余的时间。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他们这样做，他就会攻击他们。A.attacks攻击；B.forgives原谅；C.appreciates欣赏；D.traps诱捕，抓捕。根据前文“Nooneelseisallowedtotouchhim”(其他人不能碰他)可知，此处是指丁丁不让其他人碰自己，不然就会攻击想碰他的人。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他躺在我的膝盖上，让我给他洗澡，还让我喂他鱼。A.coffee咖啡；B.grass草；C.fish鱼；D.shells壳。根据前文“fedhimadailydietoffish”可知，此处是指喂他吃鱼。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想这只企鹅认为Joao是他的家人，可能也是一只企鹅。A.habitat栖息地；B.family家，家庭；C.life生活；D.body身体。根据“probablyapenguinaswell”可知，此处是指这只企鹅认为Joao是他的家人。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It'swellknownthatChinesewomen'svolleyballteam___36___（be）thenationalpridesinceitfirstwonthechampionshipin1981.Whenevertherewasacompetitionforthem,peopleacrossthecountrywouldcheerforthem.Butfewknewhowhardtheyworked___37___（make）itlooksoeasy.Themovieleap,___38___hitChinesemainlandonSept25,2020,tellsusthestorybehindtheteam.Itshowsseveralgenerationsofvolleyballplayersandtheirjourney___39___becominganinternationalpowerhouse.Whatattractedpeoplemostwerenotonlytheir___40___（impress）skillsbutalsothementalstrengththeyshowedinthecompetition.Towinthematch,China'sladiestrainedhard,___41___（live）adulldailylifeofnever-endingpractice.___42___,theyrefusedtoquitworkingevenafterthestadiumlightshadgoneout.Theroadtothechampionshipisnot___43___smoothone.TheChinesewomen'svolleyballteamhasfallentotroughs（低谷）.Itistheirspiritsofnevergivingupandthestrong___44___（determine）thathaveledthemtogothrough40yearsofupsanddowns.Ithas___45___（slow）becomealegendintheheartsofChinesepeople.【答案】36.hasbeen37.tomake38.which39.to40.impressive41.living42.However43.a44.determination45.slowly【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述电影《夺冠》于2020年9月25日在中国大陆上映，这个电影讲述了排球团队背后的故事。它展示了几代排球运动员以及他们成为国际强对的历程。【36题详解】考查时态。句意：众所周知，中国女排自1981年首次夺冠以来一直是国家骄傲。分析句子结构可知，空处为主语从句的谓语动词，since意为“自从……以来”，通常与现在完成时连用。同时，从句主语Chinesewomen'svolleyballteam是第三人称单数。故填hasbeen。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但很少有人知道他们是如何努力让事情看起来如此简单。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词做目的状语，所以用动词不定式。故填tomake。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：电影《夺冠》于2020年9月25日在中国大陆上映，讲述了中国女排的幕后故事。分析句子结构可知，“___hitChinesemainlandonSept25,2020”为非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词Leap，先行词为物，在定语从句中做主语。故填which。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：它展示了几代排球运动员以及他们成为国际强队的历程。ajourneyto…，意为“通往……的旅途”。故填to。【40题详解】考查词性转换。句意：最吸引人的不仅是他们令人印象深刻的技能，还有他们在比赛中表现出来的精神力量。修饰名词skills，用impress的形容词形式作定语。故填impressive。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了赢得这场比赛，中国女队刻苦训练，过着没完没了训练的单调生活。分析句子结构可知，句子中已有谓语动词，所以空处为非谓语动词作状语，live与谓语动词train同时发生，与句中主语China'sladies构成逻辑上的主动关系，因此用现在分词。故填living。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，即使在体育场的灯光熄灭后，他们仍拒绝停止训练。分析前后句子的逻辑关系可知为转折关系，而且空后有逗号。故用However。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：通往冠军的道路并不平坦。根据句意可知，通往冠军的道路并非一帆风顺。a在此处表泛指。故填a。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：正是他们永不放弃的精神和坚强的决心使他们走过了40年的风风雨雨。分析句子结构可知，本句话为强调句型，强调了句子的主语，所以空格中所填单词在句中做主语，故用determine的名词形式determination。故填determination【45题详解】考查副词。句意：它在中国人民心中慢慢成为一个传奇。这里需要副词修饰动词become，故用slow的副词形式slowly。故填slowly。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.2022年北京冬奥会将如期举行，目前正在招募志愿者。假如你是李华，红星中学的一名学生，希望能成为其中一员，请用英文给组委会写一封申请信，内容包括：1.个人介绍；2.自身优势；3.强烈意愿。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearSir/Madam,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YourssincerelyLiHua【答案】DearSir/Madam,MynameisLiHua,astudentfromHongxingMiddleSchool.Iamwritingtovolunteerfor2022BeijingWinterOlympicGames.Herearewhatmystrengthsliein.Firstandforemost,IhaveagoodcommandofEnglish,whichmakesiteasyformetocommunicatewithforeignersfluently.Additionally,outgoingandopen-minded,Icangetalongwellwithpeopleathomeandabroad.What'smore,Ioftenactasavolunteertourguidetoshowforeigntouristsaround,fromwhichI'vegainedrichexperience.InawordIfirmlybelievethatIamtheverypersonyou'