2022年河南开封市高一上学期期末调研考试英语试题

2021-2022学年河南省开封市高一上学期期末调研考试英语试题本试卷分第Ⅱ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上（答题注意事项见答题卡），在本试题卷上做答无效。考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1.本考试设试题卷和答题卡两部分，所有答题必须用2B铅笔涂（选择题）或用黑色签字笔写（非选择题）在答题卡上，做在试卷上一律不得分。2.答卷前，务必用黑色中性笔在答题卡正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号。3.考试时间120分钟。试卷满分150分。第Ⅰ卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheOriginsofFamousBrandsOurlivesarefullofbrandnamesandtrademarkedproductsthatweuseeveryday.Althoughmanybrandnamesaresimpleacronyms(首字母缩略词)orversionsoftheirfoundersnames,someofthecompanieswetrusteverydayactuallyhavefascinatingandsurprisingbackstories.StarbucksItseemsfittingthatthemostfamouscoffeebrandintheworldwouldtakeitsnamefromoneoftheworld’sgreatestworksofliterature.TheinspirationforthenameofthecoffeehousecamefromHermanMelville’sMobyDick.Thefounders’originalideawastonamethecompanyaftertheCaptainAhab’sship,buttheyeventuallydecidedthatPequotwasn’tagreatnameforcoffee,sotheychoseAhab’sfirstmate,Starbucks,asthenameinstead.GoogleGooglewasoriginallycalledBackrub,foritsearchedforlinksineverycorneroftheWeb.In1997,whenthefoundersofthecompanyweresearchingforanewnameshowingahugeamountofdatafortheirrapidlyimprovingsearchtechnology,afriendsuggestedtheword“googol”.Whenafriendtriedtoregisterthenewdomain(域)name,hemisspelled“googol”as“google”.NikeOriginallyfoundedasadistributorforJapaneserunningshoes,thecompanywasoriginallynamedBRS,orBlueRibbonSports.In1971,BRSintroduceditsownsoccershoe,amodelcalledNike,whichisalsothenamefortheGreekgoddessofvictory.In1978,thecompanyofficiallyrenameditselfasNike,Inc.Therightnameisessentialtoacompany’ssuccess,andagreatoriginstoryisjustasimportantasagreatproduct.Anattractiveoriginstoryisonemorethingthatkeepscustomersguessing,wondering,andbuyingitsproducts.1.WhatisthenameoftheCaptainAhab’sship?A.MobyDick. B.Starbucks.C.Pequot. D.HermanMelville.2.WhydidthefoundersoftheGooglewanttochangeitsname?A.Theymistooktheirname.B.Theywantednewcustomers.C.Thecompany’soriginalnamewastoolong.DThecompany’ssearchtechnologywasimprovingrapidly.3.Wheredoestheimportanceoftheoriginstoryofonecompanyliein?A.Itcanchangethecompany’simage.B.Itcanaddmythtothecompany.C.Itexplainsthedevelopmentofthecompanytocustomers.D.Itmakescustomersimagineandpurchaseitsgoods.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。文中介绍了星巴克、谷歌和耐克品牌名字的由来，并说明品牌名字的重要性。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Starbucks部分的中间Thefounders’originalideawastonamethecompanyaftertheCaptainAhab’sship,buttheyeventuallydecidedthatPequotwasn’tagreatnameforcoffee,sotheychoseAhab’sfirstmate,Starbucks,asthenameinstead.(创始人最初的是想以船长Ahab的船的名字来命名公司。但他们最终认定(船的名字)佩特不是咖啡的好名字，所以他们选择了亚哈的大副星巴克，作为名字。)由此可知，这艘船的名字叫Pequot，故选C项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据“Google”部分中内容whenthefoundersofthecompanyweresearchingforanewnameshowingahugeamountofdatafortheirrapidlyimprovingsearchtechnology(当该公司的创始人正在寻找一个新名字，来表示他们搜索引擎技术的快速发展。)由此可推断出，改名是因为公司的搜索引擎技术的快速发展，故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“恰当的名字对于一个公司的成功是至关重要的，一个伟大故事的起源和一个伟大的产品一样重要。一个吸引人的故事起源是一个让顾客猜测、疑惑和购买公司产品的东西。”可知，D项表述符合文意，故选D项。BWinslowHomerwasafamousAmericanpainter.SinceArtHistoryclassincollege，IhadalwaysadmiredhisworksandIwasluckytoseealargeexhibitionofhisworkswhenIwasinmyearly30s.ItwasatthiseventthatIboughtaprintofhispainting“SnaptheWhip”.ItalwayshunginmyclassroomuntilIretiredfromteaching.Ithoughtittrulycapturedthefreedomandfunofchildhood.Inthepainting，agroupofyoungboysareplayingagamearminarmonthegrassgroundinfrontofafarmhouse.Theyarejumpingandlaughingwildlywithgreatjoy.Oneoftheboysisfallingdowntotheground.Theyarenotevenwearingshoes!Duringmylastyearofteaching，therewasayoungwomaninherfirstyearofteachingrightnextdoortomeandwegottobegoodfriends.Shehadbeenanartstudentbeforetakingupeducation.Hereyesweredrawnimmediatelytothisprintwhensheenteredmyroom.Soonmylastdayofteaching，afterthestudentshadleft，Itookthepaintingoffthewallandwalkednextdoorandgaveittoher.Shewasreallysurprised，butverygladtohaveit.IwasdelightedthatshelikeditandallthestudentsshewouldhavewouldtreasureitasmuchasIhad.Wefoundtheperfectplaceforitononeofherwallsandhungittogether.Iwashappythatshebroughtbackthiswonderfulmemoryforme.4.Whydidtheauthoradmirethepainting“SnaptheWhip”somuch？A.Hehadadeeploveforchildrenandstudents.B.ItwasboughtfromafamousAmericanpainter.C.Heappreciatedthefreedomandfuninthepainting.D.Ithadalsodrawntheattentionoftheyoungwoman.5.Whatisthepaintingabout？A.Homelesschildren. B.Thenatureofchildren.C.Hard-workingfarmers. D.Thepleasureofworking.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“captured”inParagraph2probablymean？A.Recognized. B.Controlled.C.Caught. D.Influenced.7.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenseeingthepaintinghunginthewoman’sroom？A.Regretful. B.Painful.C.Proud. D.Pleased.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者把心爱的画送人。赠人玫瑰，手留余香。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Ithoughtittrulycapturedthefreedomandfunofchildhood.“我认为它真正抓住了童年的自由和乐趣。”可知，作者之所以欣赏这幅画“SnaptheWhip”，是因为他欣赏这幅画的自由和乐趣。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段Inthepainting，agroupofyoungboysareplayingagamearminarmonthegrassgroundinfrontofafarmhouse.Theyarejumpingandlaughingwildlywithgreatjoy.Oneoftheboysisfallingdowntotheground.Theyarenotevenwearingshoes!“在画中一群小男孩在草地上玩游戏，手挽着手地在一个农场的房子前面。他们高兴得又蹦又笑。一个男孩倒在地上。他们甚至没有穿鞋!”可推断，这幅画是关于孩子的天性的。故选B。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中Inthepainting，agroupofyoungboysareplayingagamearminarmonthegrassgroundinfrontofafarmhouse.Theyarejumpingandlaughingwildlywithgreatjoy.“在绘画中一群年轻的男孩在草地上玩游戏手挽着手地在一个农场的房子前面。他们高兴得又蹦又笑。”可知，这幅画抓住了童年的自由和乐趣。因此推断画线词与caught意义相近。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句Iwashappythatshebroughtbackthiswonderfulmemoryforme.“我很高兴她给我带回了这段美好的回忆。”可知，作者看到这幅画挂在女人的房间时感到高兴。故选D。【点睛】做推理判断题时要求考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。本题第4小题，根据最后一段最后一句Iwashappythatshebroughtbackthiswonderfulmemoryforme.“我很高兴她给我带回了这段美好的回忆。”可知，作者看到这幅画挂在女人的房间时感到高兴。故选D。CAprivatesixthgradeissettostartitslessonsat1:30pmeverydaybecausetheschool'steacherthinkshisstudentswillstudybetterafteramorninglie-in(懒觉).Insteadofrisingearlyfora9amstart,studentsatthe£15,000-a-yearHamptonCourtHouse,inEastMolesey,Surrey,willgettoenjoyalie-inandworkfrom1:30pmuntil7pm.HeadteacherGuyHollowaysaysthemoveforallsixthgradestudents,settobeginfromSeptember,hasbeenmadeaccordingtoresearchbyscientists.Hepredicts(预测)thatnotonlywillhisstudentsaged16andupwardsgetgreatnight'ssleep,buttheirproductivity(效率)willalsobeimproved.Theco-educationalschoolwillhavethelateststarttimeintheUK,andwillbetheonlyonetobeginlessonsintheafternoon.Expertssayyoungpeopleareprogrammedtogetuplater,andthatratherthanlazinessitissimplyashift(转变)intheirbodyclocks.“Thereare168hoursinaweekandhowproductivetheyaredependsonhowtheychoosetousethosehours”,saidMrHolloway.“AtHamptonCourtHousewedon'tthinkwehavetheanswerforeverybody;it'saboutwhatworksinourschool.Wewanttogetthemintoaconditionwheretheycangetgreatsleepandstudywell.”Hesaidstudentswouldalsobenefitfromreducedjourneytimesastheytraveltoandfromschoolafterrushhour(上下班高峰时间).Year10studentGabrielPurcellDaviswillbeoneofthefirstof30A-levelstudentstostartatthelatertime."Iwanttowakeupinmybed,notinmymathslesson,”saidthe15-year-old.Lessonsforallotherstudentsattheschoolwillstillbeginat9amasusual.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewstarttimefromthetext?A.It'ssuitableforeverystudent.B.Itisbasedonscientificresearch.C.Studentsarefollowingthenewschooltimenow.D.Onlythesixthgradestudentswillusethenewschooltime.9.Whydidtheschooldecidetostarttheclassat1:30pm?A.Itmaybegoodforstudents'study.B.Studentswantamorninglie-in.C.Teacherswanttohaveagoodsleepinthemorning.D.Studentsareoftenlateforschool.10.Whatdoexpertsthinkofyoungpeople'sgettinguplater?A.Abadhabit. B.Anaturalthing.C.Alazybehavior. D.Agoodlifestyle.11.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Gettinguplaterisabadthing.B.Gettinguplaterisgoodforhealth.C.Startinglessonslatermaybringstudents'laziness.D.Startinglessonslatermayimprovestudents'productivity.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了研究表明：年轻人起床晚是一种自然的事情，所以英国一所私立学校推迟了学生的上课时间，是从下午一点半开始上课，它将成为是英国最晚的上课时间，也是唯一一所下午开始上课的学校，效果还有待评估。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“HeadteacherGuyHollowaysaysthemoveforallsixthgradestudents,settobeginfromSeptember,hasbeenmadeaccordingtoresearchbyscientists.(校长GuyHolloway说，根据科学家的研究，将从9月开始对所有六年级学生实施这一举措)”可知，从文章中，我们关于新的上课时间了解到的是：它以科学研究为基础。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Aprivatesixthgradeissettostartitslessonsat1:30pmeverydaybecausetheschool'steacherthinkshisstudentswillstudybetterafteramorninglie-in(懒觉).(一个私立六年级的学生每天下午1:30开始上课，因为学校的老师认为他的学生在早上睡懒觉后学习会更好)”可知，学校决定下午1:30开始上课的原因是：这可能对学生的学习有好处。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Expertssayyoungpeopleareprogrammedtogetuplater,andthatratherthanlazinessitissimplyashift(转变)intheirbodyclocks.(专家表示，年轻人习惯于晚起，而不是懒惰，这只是他们生物钟的变化)”可知，专家们对年轻人晚起的看法是：年轻人晚起是很自然的事。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述了研究表明：年轻人起床晚是一种自然的事情，所以英国一所私立学校推迟了学生的上课时间，是从下午一点半开始上课，它将成为是英国最晚的上课时间，也是唯一一所下午开始上课的学校。特别是根据第五段第一句““Thereare168hoursinaweekandhowproductivetheyaredependsonhowtheychoosetousethosehours”,saidMrHolloway(“一周有168个小时，他们的工作效率如何取决于他们如何选择利用这些时间，”Holloway先生说)”可知，这篇文章的主旨是：晚一点上课可以提高学生的工作效率。故选D。DScientistshavediscoveredanunderwatercoraltowerneartheGreatBarrierReef(大堡礁)that’stallerthanNewYork’sEmpireStateBuilding.It’sthetallestunderwaterstructurediscoveredinover120years.Theresearcherswhodiscoveredthereefwereonayear-longtripaboardtheSchmidtOceanInstitute’sresearchshipFalkor,wheretheywereworkingtomaptheseaflooraroundAustralia.ThescientistsusedaspecialunderwaterrobotcalledSuBastiantohelpthemexploreanddevelop3Dmaps.InlateOctober,aspartoftheirexploration,theteamcameacrossthetower.It’sknownasa“detachedreef”,sinceitsstructureisn’tattachedtotheGreatBarrierReef,butrisesonitsownfromtheseafloor.Atthebottom,thetowerisnearlyamilewide.Butfromthere,itbecomesmuchmorenarrow,rising1,640feetandstoppingjust130feetbelowthesurfaceoftheocean.Thelowerisoneo£eightsimilartowersnearNorthernAustralia’sCapeYorkPeninsula.Theotherseventowerswerediscoveredinthe1880’s.“It’sabigreefnottohaveknownabout,”saidTomBridge,“Whatithighlightsishowlittleweknowabouttheocean,eventheGreatBarrierReef.TheGreatBarrierReefisbiggerthanmanyEuropeancountriesandthatonlyasmallpartofitismadeoftheshallowwaterreefsit’sfamousfor.”Overall,theGreatBarrierReefisstruggling.Recentstudieshaveshownthatabouthalfofitscoralshavediedinthelast25years,inpartbecauseofrisingoceantemperaturesduetotheclimatecrisis.Overthelastyear,theFalkor’sscientificteamhasdiscovered30newkindsofseacreatures.InMarch,theydiscoveredwhattheybelieveisthelongestseacreatureeverrecorded.Theanimaliscalleda“siphonophore”andit’s150feetlong.12.WhatdidresearchersdobyFalkoraroundAustralia?A.Seekforcorallowers. B.Makeamapofseafloor.C.Researchunknownspecies. D.FilmtheGreatBarrierReef.13.WhatdoweknowaboutSuBastian?A.It’sthemostadvancedunderwaterrobot.B.Itcontributestothediscoveryofthetower.C.Itissuitabletodetectbuildingstructures.D.Itreportsimportantdiscoveriesunderwater.14.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theshapeofthetower. B.Thehistoryofthetower.C.Thepositionofthetower. D.Theinformationofthetower.15.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.EuropeusedtoignoretheGreatBarrierReef.B.ClimatecrisisisruiningtheGreatBarrierReef.C.TomBridgehasbeenresearchingtheGreatBarrierReef.D.MoreresearchshouldbedoneontheGreatBarrierReef.【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们在大堡礁附近发现了一座水下珊瑚塔及其相关信息，这使科学家认为对海洋的了解还很少，应该对大堡礁做更多的研究。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theresearcherswhodiscoveredthereefwereonayear-longtripaboardtheSchmidtOceanInstitute’sresearchshipFalkor,wheretheywereworkingtomaptheseaflooraroundAustralia.(发现这片珊瑚礁的研究人员是在施密特海洋研究所“Falkor”号科考船上进行为期一年的旅行，他们正在那里绘制澳大利亚周围海床的地图。)”可知，研究者乘坐“Falkor”号科考船在澳大利亚周围进行海底绘图。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“ThescientistsusedaspecialunderwaterrobotcalledSuBastiantohelpthemexploreanddevelop3Dmaps.InlateOctober,aspartoftheirexploration,theteamcameacrossthetower.(科学家们使用了一种名为SuBastian的特殊水下机器人来帮助他们探索和开发3D地图。10月底，作为探险的一部分，探险队发现了这座塔。)”可知，该机器人对于发现珊瑚塔起着重要作用。故选B项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Atthebottom,thetowerisnearlyamilewide.Butfromthere,itbecomesmuchmorenarrow,rising1,640feetandstoppingjust130feetbelowthesurfaceoftheocean.(塔的底部几乎有一英里宽。但从那里开始，它就变窄了，上升1640英尺，停在洋面下130英尺处。)”以及其他描述，可知，本段主要说明的是塔的信息。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中““It’sabigreefnottohaveknownabout,”saidTomBridge,“Whatithighlightsishowlittleweknowabouttheocean,eventheGreatBarrierReef.TheGreatBarrierReefisbiggerthanmanyEuropeancountriesandthatonlyasmallpartofitismadeoftheshallowwaterreefsit’sfamousfor.”(“这是一个不为人知的大珊瑚礁，”TomBridge说，“它强调的是，我们对很多海洋甚至大堡礁都知之甚少。大堡礁比许多欧洲国家都大，只有一小部分是由它著名的浅水礁构成的。”)”可知，应该对大堡礁进行更多的研究。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howtoprepareforanexamisabigquestionthatyoualwaysaskyourself.Herearesometipsthatmayhelpyou.Neverfearorhateexamandbeconfident.Somestudentsstudywellbutstillmaybemuchafraidofexamsandduetothisreasontheygetupsetandwon'tbeabletogetmarks.____16____Youhavetobeconfidentanditisofgreathelpforyoutogainsuccess.Prepareagoodtimetable.Prepareatimetablebeforestartingthestudy.____17____Difficultsubjectscanbegivenmoretimeandeasieronesless,butmostimportantlyyoushouldsparesometimeforrest.Selectaproperatmosphereforstudying.Studyingatmosphereplaysaveryimportantrole.___18___Sopickaplacewhereyoufeelcomfortable.Thatiswhereyoufeelrelaxedandcanpayattentiontowhatyouaredoing.Makesurethatwhileyouarestudyingasubjectyouarefocusingonitonly.Sokeepthebooksofothersubjectsawayfromyoureyesightsothatyouwon'tbeupsetaboutallthethingsyouhavetolearn.Makenoteswhilestudying.Thisisaveryimportantpoint.Whilestudying,makesmallnotes.Thenoteshouldbeshortandcleartomaketherevieweasier.____19____Yetdon’ttrytocovereverythinginit.___20___Onthenightbeforeexamyouhavetosleepwell,atleast6hoursandnotmorethan8hours.Rememberthiswillhaveagreateffectonyourexam.Andhaveyourfoodasinyourdailydiet.A.Sleepwellandeatwell.B.Sotrytopresentanswersinpoints.C.Thisshouldincludeallthesubjects.D.CananyonestudywellwhileothersaroundarewatchingTV?E.Agoodnoteshallincludethemostimportantpoints.F.Thiswillbeofgreatusetoyourcomingexams.G.Soleaveallyourfearsandfreeyourmindbeforestartingthestudy.【答案】16.G17.C18.D19.E20.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，如何为考试做准备？不劳无获，成功没有捷径，只有努力。同时作者给出了几条可行的建议。【16题详解】上文提示“一些学生学习很好，但仍然可能很害怕考试，由于这个原因，他们会感到沮丧，无法获得分数。”承接上文，G项Soleaveallyourfearsandfreeyourmindbeforestartingthestudy.（所以在开始学习之前，先放下所有的恐惧，释放你的思想。）切题。该项中的so与上文构成因果关系，故选G。【17题详解】上文提示“在开始学习前准备一个时间表。”承接上文，C项Thisshouldincludeallthesubjects.（这应该包括所有的科目。）切题。该项中的This指上文“时间表”，故选C。【18题详解】上文提示“学习氛围起着非常重要的作用。”再根据下文提示“所以选择一个你觉得舒服的地方。”承接上下文，D项CananyonestudywellwhileothersaroundarewatchingTV?（当周围的人都在看电视的时候，还有人能好好学习吗?）故选D。【19题详解】上文提示“为了使审查更容易，说明应简明扼要。”下文提示“但不要试图涵盖所有内容。”承接上下文，E项Agoodnoteshallincludethemostimportantpoints.（一个好的注释应该包括最重要的要点。）切题。故选E。【20题详解】本空是一个小标题，应该用短小精悍的祈使句，只有A项符合题意。根据下文提示“考试前一晚你必须睡个好觉，至少6小时，不超过8小时。”可知，A项Sleepwellandeatwell.（睡得好，吃得好。）切题。故选A。【点睛】在做七选五时一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/inaddition/what’smore等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。把握住这一点，做起题来就会得心应手。本题第1小题，G项Soleaveallyourfearsandfreeyourmindbeforestartingthestudy.（所以在开始学习之前，先放下所有的恐惧，释放你的思想。）切题。该项中的so与上文构成因果关系，故选G。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thisafternoonafterseeingmymom,Iwasdrivinghome.Itookthe___21___thatwasmorelikeacanyon(峡谷)drivewithbeautifulscenery.SuddenlyIheardasoundandIknewabig___22___tire!Ipulledtotheside,butthiswasacanyondrivewithnotmuchshoulder___23___,andithappenedtobearoundacurve(弯道)thatpeoplecouldn't___24___me.Thatmadeitvery___25___.Thus,cars___26___passedmesothatIcouldn'tgetout.WithinminutesIsawacarstoppedatadistance___27___me.Thegentlemanwalkedout,___28___help,andIwalkedoutofthecarvery___29___,foritwassonarrow.HemovedmycarabitoutofthewaywhileIwasstilltalkingtoAAA(美国汽车协会).Theysaidwithallthe____30____theygavemesinceIwasinadangerousplace,theycansend____31____in20minutes.Thegentlemanofferedtolookatmysparetireto____32____wasOKbeforeI____33____withAAA.BeforeIknewit,helookitoutand____34____tochangethetire.BythetimeIfinishedtalkingwithAAA,hehadchangedmytire!.I____35____himandheleft.Isawinmy____36____thatthecarjustfollowedme,makingsureIwasOK.Atthelight,Igotachancetoseethe____37____familyinthecar.Abeautifulyoungwifewithlovelychildrenintheback.Theyallgavemeabigsmileand____38____atme.Ithoughtaboutwhatarole____39____forthoseyoungchildrentolearnaboutserviceandsympathy.Ithoughthow____40____Iwastobethereceiverofsuchgenerosity.21.A.photo B.route C.risk D.menu22.A.flat B.new C.popular D.spare23.A.fun B.service C.space D.potential24.A.recognize B.blame C.ignore D.see25.A.dangerous B.convenient C.complex D.embarrassed26.A.deliberately B.frequently C.slowly D.unconsciously27.A.beside B.behind C.aheadof D.beyond28.A.deserving B.recording C.offering D.appreciating29.A.proudly B.instantly C.painfully D.carefully30.A.convenience B.strength C.knowledge D.enthusiasm31.A.data B.assistance C.command D.water32.A.pickout B.takeover C.makesure D.agreewith33A.turneddown B.hungup C.madesense D.keptup34.A.hesitated B.continued C.started D.managed35.A.thanked B.struck C.treated D.comforted36.A.kitchen B.track C.dream D.mirror37.A.wealthy B.entire C.patient D.concerned38.A.stared B.laughed C.waved D.aimed39.A.model B.delivery C.program D.training40.A.stupid B.astonished C.wise D.lucky【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.D27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.C33.B34.C35.A36.D37.B38.C39.A40.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在开车回家的路上车胎爆了，被困在一个地势狭窄的地方，得到了一位善良慷慨的先生的帮助，作者因此很是感谢的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我沿着有美丽风景的路线开着，这条路很像一个峡谷。A.photo照片；B.route路线；C.risk风险；D.menu菜单。根据设空后“morelikeacanyonDrive.”可知,作者走了一条很像峡谷的路。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，我听见一个声音，我就知道我的车胎扁了。A.flat扁平的；B.new新的；C.popular受欢迎的；D.spare备用的。根据下文“BythetimeIfinishedtalkingwithAAA,hehadchangedmytire!”可知，作者的车胎伴随着一声巨响，爆胎了，也就是车胎变扁平了。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把车开到一边，但这是一个峡谷车道，路肩空间不大，而且这发生在一个弯道附近，所以别人根本看不见我。A.fun乐趣；B.service服务；C.space空间；D.potential潜能。根据句意可以推断，因为这是在一个像峡谷的地方，所以路肩空间并不大。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把车开到一边，但这是一个峡谷车道，路肩空间不大，而且这发生在一个弯道附近，所以别人根本看不见我。A.recognize认出，识别；B.blame责备；C.ignore忽略；D.see看见。根据设空后“ithappenedtobearoundacurve.”可知，作者刚好被困在一个弯道里，所以很难被看见。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就很危险了。A.dangerous危险的；B.convenient方便的；C.complex复杂的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据前文“butthiswasacanyondrivewithnotmuchshoulder___3___,andithappenedtobearoundacurve（弯道）thatpeoplecouldn't___4___me.”可知，这是一个峡谷车道,路肩空间不大，并且刚好在一个人们看不见作者的弯道处，所以是很危险的。故选A。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，车子都无意识地经过我，所以我根本无法出去。A.deliberately故意地；B.frequently频繁地；C.slowly缓慢地；D.unconsciously无意识地。根据“andithappenedtobearoundacurve（弯道）thatpeoplecouldn't___4___me.”可知，因为作者所处的弯道处人们看不见他，所以都无意识地从他身边经过。故选D。【27题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：几分钟内，我看见有一辆车停在我后面不远处。A.beside在旁边；B.behind在……后面；C.aheadof在……之前；D.beyond在……较远的一边。根据后文“thecarjustfollowedme.”可知，作者看见的那辆汽车是停在他身后不远处。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位先生走出来，主动向我提供帮助。A.deserving应得，应受；B.recording记录；C.offering提供；D.appreciating欣赏。根据后文“HemovedmycarabitoutofthewaywhileIwasstilltalkingtoAAA.”可知,那位先生从他自己的车里走了出去，主动向作者提供帮助。故选C。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我非常小心地从车里走出来，因为实在是太狭窄了。A.proudly骄傲地；B.instantly立即；C.painfully痛苦地；D.carefully小心地。根据设空后“foritwassonarrow.”可以判断，作者很小心地走出了车。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说他们给了我这么多便利因为我是在一个危险的地方，他们可以在20分钟内派人来支援。A.convenience便利；B.strength力量；C.knowledge知识；D.enthusiasm热情。根据设空后“sinceIwasinadangerousplace,theycansend11in20minutes.”可以判断，他们给了作者很大的便利。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说他们给了我这么多便利因为我是在一个危险的地方，他们可以在20分钟内派人来支援。A.data数据；B.assistance帮助；C.command命令；D.water水。根据前文“HemovedmycarabitoutofthewaywhileIwasstilltalkingtoAAA（美国汽车协会）.”可知，作者打电话求助AAA，他们说二十分钟内能够提供帮助。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我挂断与AAA的通话之前，这位先生主动提出要帮我看看我的备胎，以确保它没有问题。A.pickout挑选出；B.takeover接收，接管；C.makesure确保；D.agreewith同意。根据设空前“Thegentlemanofferedtolookatmysparetire.”可知，这位先生主动提出要看看我的备胎，以确保它是没有问题的。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我挂断与AAA的通话之前，这位先生主动提出要帮我看看我的备胎，以确保它没有问题。A.turneddown减小；B.hungup挂断；C.madesense有意义；D.keptup保持。根据后文“IfinishedtalkingwithAAA.”可知,我挂了电话。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还没意识到,他就把它拿出来,开始换轮胎。A.hesitated犹豫；B.continued继续；C.started开始；D.managed管理。根据后文“BythetimeIfinishedtalkingwithAAA,hehadchangedmytire!”可知，在作者通话结束之前，这位先生就已经换好了他的轮胎，所以在作者还没意识到的时候,他就把轮胎拿出来,开始换了。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感谢完他，他就离开了。A.thanked感谢；B.struck撞击；C.treated招待；D.comforted安慰。根据上文可知，这位先生与作者素不相识,但是主动提供帮助,所以作者向他表示感谢。故选A。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从镜子里看到车子跟在我后面,确保我没事。A.kitchen厨房；B.track轨道；C.dream梦想；D.mirror镜子。根据语境可知，在那位先生的帮助下，修好了车子，所以作者重新驾驶起车子，在车子的镜子里看见后面跟着的车子。故选D。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在灯光下，我得以看见车里的一整个家庭。A.wealthy富裕的；B.entire完整的；C.patient有耐心的；D.concerned关心的。根据后文“Abeautifulyoungwifewithlovelychildrenintheback.”可知,作者看到了整个家庭成员。故选B。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都在向我微笑并挥手。A.stared开始；B.laughed笑；C.waved挥手；D.aimed目的在于。根据设空前语境“Theyallgavemeabigsmile.”可知,他们在向作者微笑和挥手。故选C。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，这对孩子们学习帮助别人和对人有同情心起到了很好的模仿示范作用。A.model模范；B.delivery交付，递送；C.program程序；D.training训练。根据上文可知，那位先生与作者素不相识,但是主动提供帮助，这样的以身作则，为孩子们起到了模仿示范作用。故选A。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想我是很幸运的能够接收到这样的慷慨援助。A.stupid愚蠢的；B.astonished吃惊的；C.wise聪明的；D.lucky幸运的。根据上文可知，作者在危险地段陷入困境之时，得到陌生人的帮助,所以认为自己是幸运的。故选D。第Ⅱ卷第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Onceuponatime,therewasanoldman___41___(live)inavillage.Mostpeopleinthevillagedislikedhimsincehewasyoung.Healways___42___(keep)complainingandwasinabadmood.Hewould___43___(rude)turnpeopleawaywhentheytriedtocheerhimup.The___44___(long)helived,themorebad-temperedhebecame.Peoplewereunwillingtostaywithhimbecauseofhisbadmood,___45___hadastronginfluenceonothers.Aroundhim,feelinghappywaseventhoughtunusualandimpolite.Bythisway,hemadetheothersfeelunhappy___46___well.Onthedayofhis___47___(eighty)birthday,anunbelievablethinghappened.Somevillagersfoundhehadcomplainedaboutnothingandthathewashappy.___48___wholevillagewenttoseehimandaskedwhathadhappened.Heanswereditwasnousethathehadbeenlookingfor___49___(happy)andthenhewashappy.Itisimportanttorealizethat____50____(you)moodcanaffectthemoodsofthosearoundyou.Everyonehasbaddayssometimes.Ifsomeonetriestocheeryouup,justtrytoaccepttheirhelp.【答案】41.living42.kept43.rudely44.longer45.which46.as47.eightieth48.The49.happiness50.your【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个老人总是不停地抱怨，通过调整心态，感受到了快乐，告诉我们每个人都会遇到困难，我们要学会让自己高兴起来。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从前，有一位老人住在一个村子里。分析句子可知，句中有系动词was且句中无连词，故应用live的非谓语动词形式，句中“oldman”与live之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用live的现在分词living，在句中作后置定语修饰“oldman”。故填living。【42题详解】考查时态。句意：他总是不停地抱怨，心情不好。根据句意和句中“was”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，“keepdoingsth.”意为“一直做某事”，为动词短语，keep的过去式为kept。故填kept。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：当人们试图使他高兴时，他会粗鲁地把他们拒之门外。句中“turnsb.away”意为“拒绝某人，拒某人于门外”，为动词短语，前面应用副词修饰，rude意为“粗鲁的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为rudely，意为“粗鲁地”。故填rudely。【44题详解】考查固定用法。句意：他活得越久，脾气就越坏。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“the+比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越……，越……”，句中表示“活得越久，脾气越坏”。故填longer。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意：人们不愿意和他待在一起，因为他的坏情绪，对别人影响很大。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“badmood”，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which引导从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。【46题详解】考查固定短语。句意：通过这种方式，他也让其他人感到不高兴。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“aswell”，意为“也”，常位于句末，句中表示他“也”让其他人感到不高兴。故填as。【47题详解】考查数词。句意：在他八十岁生日那天，发生了一件不可思议的事。根据句意可知，八十岁生日指的是老人过的第八十个生日，故空格处应用序数词，eighty意为“八十”，为基数词，对应的序数词为eightieth，意为“第八十”。故填eightieth。【48题详解】考查冠词。句意：全村人都去看他，问他发生了什么事。根据句意可知，句中“village”指的是上文提到的老人住的村庄，故前面应用定冠词the修饰，表示特指，句首单词首字母大写。故填The。【49题详解】考查名词。句意：他回答说，他一直寻找幸福是没有用的，然后他就高兴了。句中“lookingfor”意为“寻找”，为动词短语，后面应接名词，happy意为“高兴的”，形容词词性，对应的名词为happiness，意为“幸福”，为不可数名词。故填happiness。【50题详解】考查代词。句意：重要的是要意识到你的情绪会影响周围人的情绪。句中“mood”意为“情绪”，名词词性，前面应用形容词性物主代词修饰，you意为“你，你们”，为人称代词主格，对应的形容词性物主代词为your，意为“你的，你们的”。故填your。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Ihaveadreamtobeadoctor.Aboutthirdyearsago,Iambadlyinjuredinacaraccident.Theambulancerushedmetothenearesthospital,thatthedoctorsandnursesdidtheirbesttolookforme.Fivedayslater,Iwasgettingbetter.Iwatchedthedoctorstoperformtheirdutiestirelesslybutofferalltheirpatientsthebesttreatmentavailable.Myexperienceinthathospitalgreatinfluencedme.Eversincethen,Ihavemademylife'sambitiontofightagainstdiseasesandsavelife.IknowmydreamwillcometrueifIkeepworkhardforit.【答案】1.third→three2.am→was3.that→where4.for→after5.去掉to6.but→and7.great→greatly8.在made后加it9.life→lives10.work→