高中英语学业水平考试考点归纳与测试：专题14-语法填空(知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练)

专题14语法填空养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。1.掌握命题规律和语法知识2实语法基础掌握句子成分分析词性转换的规律4.掌握固定搭配(冠词和介词)5.掌握答题的技巧考点一：纯空格试题，首先分析句子结构确定填哪类词：（1）缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词（多考代词）；（2）名词前面，若没有限定词，很可能是填冠词或some，any，other，another等限定词；（3）名词、代词或动名词前面若已有限定词，一定是填介词；（4）若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能填并列连词；（5）若两句（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连词（含并列连词和从属连词），要根据句子结构和两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词；（6）若句子结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词（do，does，did等）；（7）若缺状语，一定是填副词（在纯空格试题中考的可能性不大，即使考也常常是表示逻辑连接的副词）；（8）在冠词后，一定是名词或one（s），other（s）等代词。（9）由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词。1.由Itis...that...强调结构的形式，判断it还是that。判断方法：去掉Itis...that...结构，句子还是一个完整的句子就是强调句型。2.由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格是否填it。【典例分析】...and______wasonlyafterIheardshebecomesickthatIlearnedshecouldn’teatMSG(味精).【典例分析】...as______tookthemjustthreeminutestostealpaintingsbytwoworld-famousartists...【典例分析】Datingsitesalsomakes______easytoavoidsomeonewhomyouarenotinterestedin.在倒装句式中通常填only,so,neither,nor,never,hardly,seldom,not...until...等词。【典例分析】______withhardworkcanyouexpecttogetpayrise.4.so...that.../such...that...句型【典例分析】Thismadethegoatsojealous______itbeganplottingagainstthedonkey.more...than...与其说……不如说……，比……更……)句型【典例分析】Cynthia’sstoryshowsvividlythatpeopleremembermorehowmuchamanagercares______howmuchhepays考点二：给出了动词的试题，首先要确定是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。（1）若句中没有别的谓语动词，所给动词就是谓语动词；（2）若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。（3）若是谓动词，就要考虑时态、语态、主谓一致、虚拟语气（即谓语动词“四位一体”）；（4）若是非谓语动词就要确定用-ing形式、-ed形式还是用不定式形式，综合考虑成分、句式、时态、语态（即非谓语动词“四位一体”）：1/作主语或宾语，通常用-ing形式，有时也可用不定式；2/作目的状语、情感形容词或动词后的原因状语、以及有些结果状语，一般用不定式；3/若判断用分词（做状语、定语或补语），与逻辑主语是主动关系用-ing形式，是被动关系用-ed形式；从目前高考命题来看，我们只需根据分词与逻辑主语的关系确定用-ing形式还是-ed形式就可以了。考点三：词类转换题，根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式：（1）作表语、定语或补语，用形容词形式；（2）作主语或宾语（含介词宾语），用名词形式；（3）冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词或数词后，用名词形式；（4）作状语，用副词形式。考点四：词义转换题，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-，im-，dis-等，或在词根后加-less等。(2023年湖南省)LuoYanandhiswifeandsontravelledbacktotheirhometownfortheSpringFestival.Theirjourney____26____(be)alongandtiringonejustafewyearsago.However,thehigh-speedtrainhasmadeitmoreconvenientforthem___27___(go)backhome.Duringthetrip,theychattedexcitedly,missingtheirsweethome.Ontheirarrival,theyfoundLuo’sparentseagerlywaitingfor____28____(they).Theirhomehadbeen____29____(special)decoratedforthejoyousfestival.____30____fiveo’clockontheChineseNewYear’sEve,thedinnertablewasalreadycoveredwithwhitechinaplatesand____31____(bowl),fullofallkindsofdishes.Afterdinner,theymadedumplings,____32____arepreparedfortheverystartofthenewyear.Withmidnight____33____(approach),LuoYantookhisparents,wifeandsonoutsidetosetofffirecrackers.Thewholevillagewaslitupwith____34____(color)fireworks.Allover_____35_____country,peoplewerecelebratingtheirgoodfortune,theirfamily’stogetherness,andtheirnation’sstrength.(2022年福建省)OnepersonIadmireisJudith,a___31___(help)girlwholivesonmystreet.She’sinmysister’sclassandthey’rein___32___sameswimmingclubaswell.Theyarebothgood___33___swimming.Judithlovesmanykindsof___34___(pet).Shekeepsadogsosheoften___35___(take)itforwalksbytheriveratthebackof___36___(we)house.Lastwinterasmallboyfellintotheriver.Hecouldn’tswimandkept___37___(cry).Hearingthecry,Judithdidn’tstoptothink.Althoughthewater___38___(be)verycold,shejumpedintotheriver___39___(immediate).Theboydisappearedunderthewater,butJudithstayedcalm____40____pulledhimout.Theywerebothfine.IadmireJudithbecauseshesavedtheboy’slife.Ithinksheisarealhero.(2022年广西)OnMarch3,2022,JiangMengnan___31___(receive)the“TouchingChina”(感动中国)awardfor2021.In1992,JiangMengnanwasborninHunan.Whenshewassix___32___(month)old,shelostherhearing.Fromthenon,shecouldn’thearanythingatalland___33___(she)worldbecamesilent.Herparentsbegantoteachhertoreadpeople’slips(嘴唇)andspeak.Itwasnoteasy,butherparentsnevergaveup.Afteralot___34___practice,JiangMengnanlearnedtospeak.WhenJiangMengnan___35___(be)oldenough,shewenttoschool.Shetriedtounderstandwhattheteacherssaidby___36___(read)theirlips.Sheworkedveryhardandovercamealotofdifficulties.She___37___(final)becameatopstudent.In2011,shegotahighscoreingaokaoandwenttoJilinUniversity.In2018,shewasacceptedbyTsinghuaUniversityasaPhD(博士)student.“IthinkIam___38___(luck).Iwanttothankmyparents,teachersandfriends,___39___havebeenhelpingmeallthetime.And___40___bestwaytopaythembackistodosomethinggoodforsociety,”JiangMengnansaid.（2022·甘肃·天水市第一中学高二学业考试）DuringtheLanternFestival,longlinesofcustomersarewaitingoutsideDaoxiangcunstoresinthecapitalcityBeijing."IfeelI'mmissingsomething____1____Idon'teatyuanxiaoduringtheLanternFestival.Gettingupearlyinthemorning,____2____(put)onwarmclothesandwaitinginalonglineoutsideaDaoxiangcunstoretobuynewly-madeyuanxiaoisasortofprivateceremonyformeandensuresIwillhaveanothersweetyear."DongShanshan,____3____35-year-oldBeijingersaid.FormanypeoplelikeDong,eatingDaoxiangcun,yuanxiao____4____(be)anessentialLanternFestivaltradition.TheBeijingDaoxiangcunFoodCompany,____5____ownsthebrandandstores,recentlystagedaneventtomarktheofficiallaunchofyuanxiaobeingmadeatsomeofits____6____(factory).ShiYan,thecompany'srepresentativemanager,said,“All____7____(we)yuanxiaoarehandmade,becauseitistheonlywaytomaintainthetraditionalflavor.”____8____(meet)localdemand,thecompanywilldemonstratehowyuanxiaoaremadeatsomeofitsstoresinBeijing."Thiswill____9____(hopeful)bringafestiveatmospheretothecityanditsresidents,"Shisaid."Youngpeoplecanlearnhowthetraditionalfoodismadeandtheculturesurroundingthisfoodcan_____10_____(carry)forwardandexpanded.”（2022·广东·高二学业考试）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Normally,mytwoyearoldcatTiger,hatesitwhenIusemytablet(平板电脑)becauseittakesmyattentionawayfromhim.InJulylastyear,Ihad___11___fallathomeandwasonthefloorforsix___12___(hour).Duringthistime,Iwas___13___(able)tomoveandcouldn’tgettothephonetocallforhelp.Tigerstayedbymysideuntilhe___14___(disappear)suddenlyundermybed.“What’sheupto?”Iwondered.___15___mysurprise,hestartedtopushsomethingtowardsme.Itwasmytablet,___16___Ididn’trealizehadfallenoffthebedandontothefloor.Tiger,___17___(probable)didn’tknowwhatitwas,___18___heknewitwouldmakemehappy.ThankstoTiger,Iwasabletocontactafriendof___19___(I),whothencalledemergencyservices.Ittookmethenexteightdaysinhospital____20____(recover).WhenIreturnedhome,IboughtTigerabigfishtothankhim.（2022·湖北·天门市教育科学研究院高二学业考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。EgyptianradiologistAhmedHassanlikedthedesignandarchitectureofChina’s___21___(remark)TempleofHeavensomuchthathedecidedtobuildareplica(复制品)ofBeijing’shistoricmonumentwithmatchsticks.Inhisfreetime,whileexercisinghishobbyofbuildingmodelsoflandmarkswithmatchsticks,Hassanspentmorethantwomonths___22___(work)ontheTempleofHeaven.Hefinishedthewholereplicaofitusingabout22,000matchstickswhichhethoughtisoneofthekeylandmarksandtourist___23___(attract)ofBeijing,thecapitalofChina.Theover600-year-oldmonumentcovers___24___areaof270hectaresand___25___(consider)oneofthelargestexistingarchitecturalcomplexesintheworld.Justastheoriginalcircularbuildingis___26___(complete)woodenwithnonails,theEgyptianradiologistusedonlymatchsticks,whiteglueandacutterbladetobuildthereplicaofthetemple.Hassan,___27___returnedtohisoldhobbyin2013,___28___(produce)morethan20replicasofmonumentsfromEgypt,Britain,France,DenmarkandRussiaoverthepastfewyears.HesaidthatbuildingamatchstickmodeloftheTempleofHeavenwasn’taneasyjob,foritwashisfirsttime___29___(carry)outareplicaofalandmarkfromAsiaingeneralandChina____30____particular.（2022·山西·高二学业考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。MrBoltonhadabighousewithabeautifullawnandagarden.HisneighboroftencametovisithisgardenandMrBoltonenjoyed____31____(hold)partiesinhishouse.Sometimes,evenvisitorstothetowncametohishousetolook____32____thelawnandgarden.Becauseofthis,MrBoltonwasveryproudofhislawnandgardenandhespendallhistimeandenergytakingcareofthem.Buttherewasstillonething____33____botheredhim--thesidewalk.Someofthesidewalk’stiles(地砖)werestained(沾了污渍的).Someshowed____34____(difference)levelsofwearandsomejustlookedold.Oneday,MrBoltonhad____35____brilliantidea.“Whynotpaintthesidewalk?”hesaidto____36____(he).Sohewenttoahardwarestoreandfoundsomelightgreypaint.Heboughtthepaint,rushedhomeand____37____(get)outapaintroller.Andinashorttimehehad____38____(complete)paintedthesidewalk.Afterthepaintdried,thesidewalklookedasthoughitwasbrandnew.MrBoltonthoughttheprojectwasagreat____39____(succeed).Buttherewasoneunexpectedresultthattroubledhim:Hisneighborsandvisitorsallwalkonhislawnnowbecausetheydon’twant_____40_____(make)thesidewalkdirty.（2022·安徽·高二学业考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Festivalsareoccasionsthatallowustorelaxandenjoylife.Their___41___(origin)rangefromtheseasonsoftheyeartoimportantevents.Whenitcomestocelebrating

festivals,

different

cultures

actually

have

alot___42___common.Peoplecelebratetheharvestfestivalafterallthecrops___43___(gather)in.Festivalsarebecomingmoreandmorecommercial,withbusinesses___44___(take)advantageofthecelebrations.Atage18,DrLinQiaozhichosetostudymedicineinsteadofmarryinglikethe___45___(major)ofgirls.Aftergraduation,shebecamethefirstwomanever

___46___(hire)asaresidentphysicianinthePUMCHospital.WhenstudyingintheUSin1939,sheimpressedherAmericancolleagueswhoinvitedhertostay.DrLin,___47___,rejectedtheoffer.SanFranciscowasabletorebuilditselfaftertheearthquakethat___48___(occur)in1906.TheMissionDistrict,oneoftheoldestpartsofthecity,usedtobeapoorareaoftown,___49___isnowacenterforart,music,andfood.Whengoldwasdiscoveredin1848nearSanFrancisco,manypeoplecametoseektheirfortuneandsomeChineseopenedupshopsandrestaurantstoearn____50____living.（2022·宁夏银川·高二学业考试）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。OnceIwenttoaGermancityforvacation.Thetriplefta____51____(deep)impressiononmethanbefore.ItwasalreadydarkoutsidewhenIarrivedattheairportat6p.m.Thefirstthingwastofindaplacetostay.Idecided____52____(call)theyouthhotel.ButtousethephoneI____53____(need)somecoins.Iaskedaladyforhelp.Tomysurprise,shegavemethree____54____(coin)touse.Butallthephonesthereneededphonecardswhichcouldonlybeboughtatpost-officesduringthedaytime.IwasafraidIwouldn’tbeabletocallthehotel.____55____oldgentlemanhelpedme.Hecouldn’tspeakEnglish____56____understandthatIneededtomakeaphonecall.Heshowedmetothephoneandinserted（插入）hisphonecard.Icalledthehotelandfoundaplacetostaythatnight.The____57____(kind)ofGermanpeoplemademefeelathome.WhereverIwent,Iaskedpeoplefordirections.ItsurprisedmethatalmosteveryyoungGermancouldspeakEnglish____58____(fluent).OlderGermanscouldn’tspeakEnglishverywell,buttheywouldtrytohelpmewhenevertheycould.Onemiddle-agedmanevendrovemetotheplaceIwaslookingfor.MyexperienceinGermanycompletelychanged____59____(I)impressionofGermans.IthoughtGermanswerenot_____60_____(friend)toforeignersbefore,butthingshavechangedsincethen.ThepeopleinGermanycouldn’tbemorefriendly.（2022·湖南·宁乡市教育研究中心高二学业考试）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。JohnLiisaChinesehighschoolstudent____61____cametotheUKaspartofalanguageexchangeprogram.____62____(fortunate),hestayedwithalovelyhostfamilyandwenttoschoolwiththeirson,Daniel.TheBritishschoolday____63____(last)from9amto4pmandstudentsusuallyhavetolearnninesubjectsincludingsome____64____(option).Theclassesaredifferentfrom____65____(that)inChinabecauseeachteacherhastheirownclassroomandthestudentsmovearoundforeverylesson.Heenjoyedmostof___66___classes,butsomeofthemwerequite____67____(challenge),suchasGeographyandBiology.He___68___(eat)attheschoolcanteen____69____afterlunchheoftenplayedonthesportsfieldwithhisfriends.Besides,hejoinedsomeclubs___70___

(meet)moreBritishstudents.Inaword,hemetsomegreatpeopleandlearntalotaboutlifeintheUK.（2022·湖南·临武县第一中学高二学业考试）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案转写到答题卡上。Wesometimeswant___71___(be)alonewithourownthoughts,yetwehavetobe___72___(care)thatwedonotalwaysescapeintoourownworld.Sociallifeisalsoimportantto___73___(we),andclosefriendshipswillhelpsmoothouttherockyroadthatwemaysometimestake.___74___(general)speaking,closefriendshipshavethree“fruits”.Thefirstfruitoffriendshipisthepeacethat___75___(come)fromsharingwithfriendsourjoy,sadness,successandfailure.Thesecondfruitoffriendshipis___76___betterunderstandingandjudgmentthatmaybeachievedthroughconversationswithtrustedandwisefriends.Thethirdfruitoffriendshipisthehelp___77___afriendmayofferinmanydifferent___78___(way).Itshouldbepointedoutthat___79___(enjoy)thecompanyofacrowdisnotthesameasbeingwithfriends.Friendsshouldbestrictlychosen.Inthisway,wecanbetterwalkthe“pathoflife”____80____thehelp,adviceandsupportfromourfriends.（2022·江苏省苏州第十中学校高二学业考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词，如有括号提示，请以提示词的正确形式填空。TheopeningceremonyoftheBeijing2022WinterOlympicGamesontheeveningofFeb4was____81____(difference),yetspectacular.Theaudiencesweretreatedtoa

pared-downceremony,withoutthelarge-scaleartisticperformances____82____markedthe2008openingceremony,____83____itwasnolesssymbolic—symbolicofasharedfutureforhumankind.Thefinaltorchatthesnowflake-themedceremonywassmall,buttheflames____84____(convey)significantmessagesofgreenerOlympicGames.Theuseof____85____(advance)technologiessuchasartificialintelligence,machinevision,5Gandcloudbroadcastingadded____86____thenoveltyoftheopeningceremony.Theperformances,carryingforwardthethemeofglobalpeace____87____asharedfutureforhumankind,focusedonenvironmentalprotectionandhumanhealth,____88____(highlight)theimportanceofsportstoinstillnewconfidenceintheinternationalcommunity____89____(contain)thepandemic.ThroughtheopeningceremonyonFeb.4,peoplecanclearlyseeChina’spursuitofbuildingapeacefulworld,its

_____90_____(reflect)ofthenewOlympicmottoof“Faster,Higher,Stronger,Together”andtheBeijingWinterGames’mottoof“togetherforasharedfuture”.（2022·江苏·房山高中高二学业考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthesummerof1405,ZhengHesetsailfromTaicangonhisfirstvoyage.Hisships____91____(load)withchina,silk,teaandothertreasuresasgiftsforforeignrulers.ZhengHe'ssevenvoyageshadafar­reachingimpact____92____Chinaanditsneighbours.ZhengHe'seffortshelpeddevelopandstrengthen____93____(harmony)relationswiththesecountriesandregions.ZhengHe'saccomplishmentsarenow____94____(wide)acknowledged,andheisrememberedasoneofChina'smostinfluentialexplorers.ColumbuswasborninaportcityofItalyin1451.Asateenager,helovedsailing,andheshowedgreatinterestingeography,____95____inspiredhimtobeginhiscareerasaseaman.Columbusinsistedon____96____(search)foradirectsearoutetotheEastIndiesbysailingacrosstheAtlanticOcean.On3August1492,he____97____(depart)fromSpainwiththreeshipscarryingabout90crewmen.Regardlessofallthechallenges,Columbusmanaged____98____(keep)everyoneoutofdangerwithhisknowledgeand____99____(brave)acrosstheocean.Finally,on12October,thecrewspottedlandin____100____distance.HisvoyagesopenedanewchapteroftheAgeofExploration,aperiodwhichwitnessedmanyimportantgeographicalfindings.Atotalof3,228graveshavebeenfoundattheruins1datebackmorethan3,000yearsinQinghaiProvince,northwestChina,archaeologistssaidonMonday.Theruins,2(locate)inBalongTownshipinDulanCounty,arebelievedtobeagroupthatcombinedgravesandhousingduringtheperiodbetween1,500BCand1,000BC．In2021,theprovincialresearchacademyofculturalheritageandarchaeologyandNorthwestUniversityworkedtogether3(launch)anexcavation(挖掘).AccordingtoDuWei,leaderoftheexcavationproject,threegraveyards4(cover)atotalareaof120,000squaremetershavebeendiscovered,andanother52graves5(dig)upsofar.“Potteries,bronzeware,jadeware,braidedfabrics,humanbonesand6(remain)ofanimalsandplantswereamongtheuneartheditems,providingalotofmaterialsforthestudyofNuomuhongculture,”Dusaid.NuomuhongcultureisaBronzeAgearchaeologicalculturewithQinghaicharacteristics,7(large)distributedintheQaidamBasinand8(it)surroundingareas.Speakingatameetingofexpertsontheruinslastweek,HuoWei,9professoratSichuanUniversity,saidthattheexcavationhadconfirmedthelonghistoryoftheQaidamBasinandis10greatsignificancefortheresearchontheancientcivilizationoftheQinghai-TibetPlateau.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SIT’N’SKATEisanon-profitorganizationthatworkstowardsamoreinclusive(包容广阔的)societyandaims11(reduce)prejudices(偏见)towardsdisabledpeopleandwheelchairusers.TheprojectwasstartedbyLisaandDavidLebuserinHamburg.Theideawastoshowthatawheelchairdoesnotonlyhavetobeabasicaidbutcanalsobeacoolandstylishpieceofsportsequipment.Theteamaroundthetwofoundershasgrown12(rapid)sincethenandtheirwheelchairskateservicescannow13(find)invariousGermancities.ThevisionofSIT’N’SKATEistoprovidepeopleinwheelchairs14alow-threshold(低门槛的)movementexperiencetomakeeverydaywheelchairuse15(easy)thanbefore.Forthispurpose,regularwheelchairskatemeetingsareofferedinBremen,Dortmund,HamburgandHanovertoimprovetheflexibilityand16(independent)ofwheelchairusers.Theprojectalsooffers17varietyofotheractivities.InSIT’N’SKATE’slatestprogramme,ramps(坡道)arespreadtoshopsinHamburgwhoseentranceshavesteps.Thisimprovesaccessibilityandremovesmany18(difficult)forwheelchairusers.Throughtheiractivities,SIT’N’SKATEmakesasignificantcontributionto19(change)thewaypeoplewithdisabilitiesandwheelchairusersareregarded.Theypromoteaninclusivesocietyin20prejudicesarereducedandpeoplewithdisabilitiesarerecognisedasequalmembers.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whenit21(announce)in2018thattheChineseAcademyofSciencesinShanghaihadcreatedtheworld’sfirstclonedmonkeys,ZhongzhongandHuahua,22(heat)discussionsfollowedonline.Infact,cloninghasalwaysbeenwithus.Itisawayofmaking23exactcopyofanotheranimalorplant.Ithappensinplantswhengardenerstakecuttingsfromgrowingplants24(make)newones.Italsohappensinanimalswhenidenticaltwinsareproducedfromthesameegg.Theseareboth25(example)ofnaturalclones.Cloninghastwomajoruses.First,gardenersuse26toproducelargequantitiesofplantsforsale.Second,it’svaluableforresearchonnewplantspecies27formedicalresearchonanimals.Cloningplantsis28(fair)straightforward,whilecloninganimalsismuchmorecomplicatedanddifficult,29(require)lotsofhardwork.Overtheyears,manyscientistsfailedintheirattemptstocloneanimals,buttheirdeterminationandpatiencepaid30in1996withabreakthrough—thecloningofDollythesheep.阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。JiuzhaiValley.orJiuzhaigou,isapicturesquefairyland,featuringfascinatingsceneryofcolorfullakes,breathtakingwaterfallsandmountains.Peoplesaythatifthereshouldbeawonderlandonearth,JiuzhaigouNationalParkmustbeone.31(situate)inJiuzhaigouCounty,JiuzhaigouNationalParkisabout450kilometrestothenorthofChengdu.Roads32(wander)alongthroughthevalleymake33hardfortouriststodrivethere.Thefirstthingyouseethereisforest.Fullofasenseofaprimitiveforest,JiuzhaiValleyisisolatedfromthehustleandbustleandbustleofcities.Withtheseasonschanging,theforestpresentsa34(various)offantasticlooks.Itisalso35kingdomofwater.Thelakesthere,36aresurroundedbyancienttreesandflowers,arecrystalclearandgreenallyearround.Asthelightchangesandtheseasonsgoby,thelakestake37differentcolors.JiuzhaiValleyis38(particular)picturesqueinautumnalcolors.Warmdays,coolnights,andgreat39(view)ofsaturatedyellows,redsandgreensreflectingoffthebluelakesarecharacteristicofautumnthere.Nearlyhalfofthe720-square-kilometreJiuzhaiValley40(cover)byautumncolors.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Recentresearchexamineddataonthesportshabitsandmentalhealthof11,235kidsaged9to13.Parentsreportedonseveralaspectsofthechildren’smentalhealthby41(fill)outaformknownastheChildBehaviorChecklist.Theresearcherslookedforanyassociationsbetweenthementalhealthdataandthekids’sportshabits,whilealsoaccountingforother42(factor)thatmightimpactmentalhealth.Inline43theresearchers’expectations,thestudyshowedthatkids44(involve)inteamsportswerelesslikelytohavesignsofemotional,socialandattentionproblems.Theresearchersalsoexpectedplayingindividualsportstobeassociatedwith45(few)mentalhealthproblemsthanplayingnosports.However,theyfoundthatchildren46onlyplayedindividualsportswerelikelytohavegreatermentalhealthproblemsthanthosewhodidnotplaysportsatall.Thesefindingsaddtoagrowingbodyofevidence(证据)thatplayingteamsportsis47(positive)associatedwithmentalhealthforchildren48youth.Theresearcherssuggestthatlongitudinal(纵向的)observationsareneeded49(investigate)anycausal(因果的)relationshipsbetweensport50(participate)andmentalhealth.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。HowcanIdescribethewonderIfeltthefirsttimeIsawmyfavoritepainting,GeorgeSeurat’sASundayonLaGrandeJatte?I51(admire)theworkforyearsinartbooks,butIhadneverthoughtIwouldseetheactualpainting,52washousedfarfromwhereIlived.ThefirstthingthatstruckmeasI53(enter)theroomwherethepaintingwasdisplayedwasthesizeofthework.Itwashuge!Itcoveredalargepartof54evenlargerwall.Thepaintingwaspaintedwithdots,atechnique55(call)pointillism.Tocreatesuchahugepainting56(use)thistechniqueseemedanalmostimpossibletask.Seurathaddoneit,though,andhadmadeitlookeasy!What’smoreimpressive,however,wasthe57(beautiful)ofthepainting.Viewedfromadistance,thecolorslookedsoftandgentle,describingthehappyand58(peace)moodofasummerdayinthepark.WhenIapproachedthepainting,though,itscolorsexplodedintomanymorecolors,showingtheartist’sskillincombiningcolors59(create)amood.Eventhepartsofthepaintingthatappearedwhitefromadistancewerelivelyandhadmanydifferentcolorswhenviewedupclose.Isatandstared60thepaintinginwonderforagoodpartoftheafternoon.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Applause(掌声)rangacrossZhaxizomtownlastmonth.Theairwasfilled61excitementasplayerssanganddanced62(happy).Theeventmarkedthebeginningofthetown’smusicandfoodfestival.Zhaxizomisatanaltitudeof4,200metersatthefootofMountQomolangma,theworld’shighestpeak,whichisknowninEnglishasMountEverest.“Iplanned63(head)straighttoMountQomolangmaBaseCamp,butwhenIarrivedinthissmalltown,the64(amaze)festivalcaughtmyeyeandIdecidedtostayforseveralmoredaystoenjoythemusicandfoodherebefore65(continue)myjourney,”saidonetravelerZhang,whoisfromLiaoningprovince.MigmarLhamo,acollegestudent66livesinZhaxizom,said,“Thefestivalwillallowpeopletolearnaboutourtown.Itwillbecomeanew67(attract)forpeople.”MigmarLhamobelievesthefestivalwillplay68importantroleinimprovingthedevelopmentofthelocalcultureandtourism.Accordingtothecountygovernment,moreactivitiessuchaslivemusicshows,fireworkdisplaysandfoodfairs69(organize)aspartoffuturefestivalstoprovidebothlocalsand70(tourist)withanextremelyimpressiveexperienceoflocalculture.“Themusicandfoodfestivalwillhelpthegrowthofthelocaleconomy,”Zhusaid.对高三学生而言，就是要通过训练转化为学生的答题能力。一是严格限时训练。限时训练就是让学生在规定时间内做完训练题目，既训练速度，又锻炼准确度。限时训练可短可长，可以是课前十分钟，可以是一节课，但必须坚决做到即练即评，长期坚持，通过教师评阅提升学生答题速度和效度，做到日日清，周周清，月月清，适应高考临场答题要求。二是严格规范答题。要认真研究高考原题和高考答案，根据学生的答题情况认真进行比对。要把学生在考试时的原生态答卷原汁原味地展示出来，再让学生自己对照答案进行打分、评价，找出与标准答案的差距，小组内相互交流、讨论，制定答题标准模板，保证将来一分不丢。三是突出变式训练。对于临界生的典型错题或遗漏知识点，要进行变式训练，一题多变进行训练，把错题作为“母题”，至少进行一题五变以上，让学生写出每道题的解题思路，最后总结出此类变式的特点和解题入手点。教师必须要把变式训练当做作业认真批改，带领学生共同验证解题思路，形成答题的基本思路。四是落实“作业自助餐”。对学生要进行分类指导，不能一刀切，尤其是对于清北临界生和一本临界生，学校应高度重视临界生转化工作。要把握好临界生的学科短板，制定好辅导、转化和提升的具体措施，要实行面批面改，落实“作业自助餐”。针对不同的高频错题，由教师分别独立设置变式训练题，也就是A错题出至少5道变式训练，独立印刷；B错题再出5道变式训练，独立印刷；C错题也出5道变式训练，独立印刷；学生可以根据自己的错题，自主领取对应的变式训练题，通过针对性训练补齐学科或知识短板，提升整体备考效益。五是强化精神激励。高三学生学习任务重，压力大，师生缺乏必要交流，学生容易出现心理焦虑、缺乏归属感等心理问题。为此，要对高三年级学生多鼓励，多表扬。大人总想听好听话，学生也是如此，越是鼓励越有劲，因老师