目的、结果、方式、比较和让步状语从句

主讲教师：夏美莲

英语语法EnglishGrammar娄底职业技术学院LoudiVocationalandTechnicalCollege应用英语专业资源库ResourceLibraryofAppliedEnglish目的、结果和方式状语从句

(5)目的状语从句(AdverbialClauseofPurpose)目的状语从句一般由that,sothat,inorderthat,so…that,lest(以免，生怕，唯恐),incase(以防),forthepurposethat,forfearthat(以免)等词引导，从句中常含有情态动词。例如：Hestandsupinorderthathecanseemoreclearly.Shediditthathemightgofree.Joangotupearlysothatwemightcatchthetrain.Joangotupearlylestsheshouldmissthetrain.状语从句引导词的使用及举例【注意】1)sothat与inorderthat同义，但它引导的从句总是放在主句之后，多不用逗号与主句分开。还可引导结果状语从句，但此时从句中多不用情态动词。例如：Jamesreviewedhislessonssothathecouldgetgoodmarks.(目的状语从句)Jamesreviewedhislessonssothathegotgoodmarks.(结果状语从句)2)so…that…可引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句。例如：Sheworkedsohardthatshecouldpassthefinalexam.(目的状语从句)HegotonsowellwithTomthattheyoftenplayedtogether.(结果状语从句)(6)结果状语从句(AdverbialClauseofConsequence)结果状语从句一般由下列连词引导：sothat,suchthat,so…that…,such…that，tothedegree/extentthat等。例如：Theboyissoyoungthathecan’gotoschool.Heissuchayoungboythathecan’gotoschool.Mybookfellundermydesk,sothatIcouldn’tseeit.Itrainedheavilyforthreedaystotheextentthatallthelandwasunderwater.Hisangerwassuchthathelostcontrolofhimself.【注意】So…that与such…that都可以引导结果状语从句，意为：“如此……以至于……”，但so+形容词或副词，such(a/an)+形容词+名词。例如：Heissokindthatheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Sheissoprettyandelegantthatallgentlemenwillfallinlovewithheratthefirstsight.Itwassuchawonderfulfilmthatallofusweredeeplymoved.Thereporteraskedsuchdifficultquestionsthatthemanagerwasnotabletoanswer.(7)方式状语从句(AdverbialClauseofManner)方式状语从句一般由as,justas,asif,asthough，like等连词引导。如：YououghttodoasItellyou.Shecan’tdrawlikehersistercan.Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.Alwaysdotoothersasyouwouldbedoneby.(己所不欲，勿施于人。)Helooksasif/asthough/hehadbeenhitbylightning.(8)比较状语从句(AdverbialClauseofComparison)比较状语从句一般由as,than,as…as,notso(as)…as,morethan,lessthan,no/notmorethan，themore…the…more等连词引导。如将比较的两项分别用A和B表示,根据两项的比较可分为如下几种情况：1)当A大于B，用比较级+than。例如：Twoheadsarebetterthanone.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.2)当A等于B，用as+原级+as。例如：Myhairisaslongashers.Hestudiesashardashisbrother.3)当A不如B，用notas(so)+原级+as,或less+原级+than。例如：ThepopulationofNanjingisnotsolargeasthatofShanghai.Ihaven’doneasmuchasIshouldhaveliked.Itrainslessofteninwinterthaninsummer.4)表示“越……越……”,用the+比较级+主语+谓语,the+比较级+主语+谓语。例如：Thehigheryoustand,thefartheryousee.ThemorejobIdid,thehappierIfelt.(9)让步状语从句(AdverbialClauseofConcession)让步状语从句一般由下列连词引导：though/although,whether…or…(无论是否……),evenif/eventhough(即使，纵使)，while/whereas(虽然)，however,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever,whenever,wherever,nomatter(who,what,where,when,etc.)(无论……)等。例如：Although/Though/hewasoversixty,hebegantolearnFrench.(不能与but连用)Whetheryoubelieveitornot,it’true.Whateveryousaid,peoplewouldn’tcare.Heisexperiencedwhile/whereasheisyoung.Nomatterhow/Howeverbusyhewas,hestudiedEnglisheveryday.I’llgoevenif/though/itrainstomorrow.(该引导词有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语)【注意】as引导的从句比though语气更强，多用于书面语，常放句首，语序部分倒装。t