汉寿县某中学2024届高三年级下册4月月考英语试卷(含答案)

汉寿县第一中学2024届高三下学期4月月考英语试卷

学校：___________姓名：班级：___________考号：

一'阅读理解

Ifyou'vereachedtheendoftheyearfeelingasthoughyoudidn'treadenough,we'vegot

you.Herearesomeofthebestbooksoftheyearaccordingtonotableartists,image-makers

andotherculturaltastemakers.

EmilyRatajkowski,model:GhostLover5

“ThiscollectionofnineshortstoriesprobesintomanyofthesamethemesinLisa

9

Taddeo'sbeloved"ThreeWomen,butdiscussestheminasharper,moredisagreeableway.

Sheruthlesslyexploresjealousyrelationshipsbetweenwomen,aging,revengeand,ofcourse,

desire.Taddeoneverletsyoucomeupforair一makingyoulaughwhilesimultaneously

horrifyingyouallwhenyouleastexpectit.”

HansUlrichObrist,artisticdirector:‘IAlwaysKnew9

“ThisisaportraitofartistandwriterBarbaraChase-Riboud,throughthelettersshewrote

tohermother,VivianMae,between1957and1991.Inthisremarkabletitle,BarbaraChase-

Riboudtellshermotheraboutherdevelopmentasanartist,herlovestories,andhertrips

aroundtheglobe,fromAfricatoChina.Inthesememoirs（回T乙录），Chase-Riboudfrankly

andpassionatelydescribesheraspirations,herambitionsandcreativeinspiration,whilealso

showcasingloveandtendernesstohermother.^^

AvanJogia,actoranddirector:6WhoisWellnessFor?5

“'WhoisWellnessFor?9isabookthatworksaspartsocialobservationandpartmemoir.

Itexploresthecommercializationofhealingandritualandasksquestionsabouttheindustry

ofwellnessIfoundthereadinsightful,thoughtful,andunafraid.Wellnessisn'tforanyoneif

ifsnotforeveryone."

1.Whatsets"GhostLover“apartfrom"ThreeWomen^^?

A.Thefocusonthemes.B.Thesettingofstories.

C.Thestructureofbooks.D.Thetoneofnarration.

2.Whoisthewriterof"TAlwaysKnew”？

A.BarbaraChase-Riboud.B.HansUlrichObrist

C.VivianMae.D.AvanJogia.

3.Whatdotheabove-mentionedbookshaveincommon?

A.Theybringlaughtertoreaders.B.Theysharethesamewritingtype

C.TheycenteronthethemeofloveD.Theystandoutasthebestreadsoftheyear.

Trafficjamisaproblemforcitiesaroundtheworld,withsomelookingtoelectric

scooters（踏板车）toeasetheproblem,andotherstoAl-enabledtrafficlights.Butone

companybelievesthesolutionistobuildanetworkofdriverlesshigh-speedpods（吊舱）that

ridearoundcitiessuspended（悬挂）fromasteeltrack.

InJune,Belarus-baseduSkyTransportopeneda400-metertestlineinShaijah（沙力口）.

Fromtheoutside,theelectricallypoweredpodsarewhitewhiletheinsideisdesignedtofeel

likeafirst-classairlinesuite,includingmoodlighting,musicandfloorto-ceilingwindows.

Withtwopaddedarmchairsandtwofoldableseats,thevehiclebeingtestedcancarryupto

fourpassengers.Acompletecity-widenetworkcouldsupport10,000passengersperhour,

uSkysays,withvehiclesatpresentabletotravelupto150kilometersperhour.

Thecompanysaysitsaimistofreeuproadsandgroundspacesthatcouldbeusedfor

greenery,walkwaysandpublicleisurespaces."Thegroundspaceiscompletelyovee-

saturated,andpeoplearetiredoftrafficjams.Peoplearetiredofemissions,"saysOlegZaretskiy,

uSkyTransport'sCEO.

AccordingtouSky,whileonekilometerofsubwaycancostupto$150milliontoconstruct,

thissystemcostsaround$10million.Andbyusinglessstructuralmaterials,itreducescarbon

emissions.Thecompanyhasalsodevelopedasimilartechnologytotransportgoods

containers,carryingupto48tonsatatopspeedof90kilometersperhour.

Althoughshecautionsthatitwouldrequirecarefulplanningtoavoidtraffijaminabusy

city-widenetwork,Haagbelievesitcouldstillbeawidelyadoptedsolutionifthepromisesof

improvedmobilityandsustainability（持续,性）arekept.

ZaretskiysaysuSkyisalsolookingbeyondShaqah."Wecanseethatthemostpromising

areasforusareintheMiddleEastandAsia一placeswherethereisnaturalgrowthof

population,suchasIndiaandPakistan,"hesays.Haagaddsthatpodsaremoresuitedto

countrieswherepublictransportationisunder-developedandthereisincreasingdemandfor

mobilitysolutions.Thecompanyhopestofinalizeitsfirstcommercialcontract（商业合同）by

theendoftheyearinShaqah,Zaretskiyadds,meaninguSkypodscouldberunningproperly

by2024.

4.What'sthecompany'sgoalaccordingtoOlegZaretskiy?

A.Tosolvetheproblemoftrafficjamcompletely.

B.Tofreeupmoregroundspaceforotheruses.

C.Tocompetewithairplanecompanies.

D.Todeveloppublictransportation.

5.What'sthefeatureofuSkypods?

A.Theyarelesssafetotravel.B.Theyareexpensivetoconstruct.

C.Theyarepopularwithmostpeople.D.Theyareenvironmentallyfriendly.

6.What'stheunderlinedword"over-saturated"inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Crowded.B.Vast.C.Clean.D.Empty.

7.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?

A.USkyPodsHelpCitiesSolveTrafficProblems

B.TheCompanyUSkyIsDevelopingaNewProduct

C.USkyTransportCompeteswithAirplaneCompanies

D.SomeCountriesHaveDemandforMobilitySolutions

GeorgeHeadleywouldhavebeenadentistintheUSAratherthanoneofthegreatest

cricketers（板球运动员）ifhehadgothispapersfromPanamaontime.TheIndianlegend

wasbominColon,PanamaandaperiodofunemploymentinJamaicacausedhimtobegin

theprocessofseekingacareerelsewhere.

Thedelay,however,gaveHeadleytimetomakehisfirst-classdebut（首次亮相）for

JamaicaagainstthevisitingLordTennyson'sXIfromEngland.Thesewerehisscoresinthe

threefirst-classgamesintheseries:16,40,and71.Therest,astheysay,ishistory.Yet,

considerwhatmighthaveoccurredifhisdocumentshadarrivedontimeandhehadmigrated

toAmerica.Therewouldhavebeenamissingchapterincricket.

Headley'stalebringstotheforetherolethathappenstance（偶然况）playsinlife.In

thesongADifferentComer,GeorgeMichaellamented（哀叹）thataromanticunionwent

wrongandsuggestedthatitmighthavebeenbetterifcircumstanceshadworkedtoprevent

theirfirstmeeting:"Takemebackintime;maybeIcanforget.Turnadifferentcornerandwe

neverwouldhave

Ourlivesaretheresultofmuchplanninganddeliberateaction.Buttheyaretheresult

ofchanceaswell.“TheharderIpractice,theluckierIget“isaquotenormallyusedby

sportsmentodiscounttheoccurrenceorconsequenceofluck.Athletesliketothinkthat

whateversuccessthey'vehadisonlydowntothem.Toadmitotherwiseistodevaluethe

skillsandefforts.

Thechangesinluckarealargepartofwhywewatchsports.Itfostersuncertainty,

which,inturn,enhancesinterestintheprocessandtheresult.Onanygivenday,theunderdog

canbeatthechampion.Wheneverthatoccurs,luckislikelytohaveplayedsomesignificant

part,andsportisbetterforit.

8.WhatdecisiondidGeorgeHeadleymakebeforegettinghispapers?

A.TocompletehisofficialdocumentsinPanama.

B.TosharpenhiscricketskillsinJamaica.

C.TogetadegreeinmedicineintheUSA.

D.ToworkasadentistintheUSA.

9.WhatcanwesayaboutthedelayofHeadley9spapers?

A.Itaffectedhisdebutperformance.B.Itbecameaturningpointinhislife.

C.ItbenefitedtheEnglandcricketteam.D.Itledtoamissingchapterincricket.

10.WhydidtheauthormentionthesongADifferentCorner?

A.Tostresstheimportanceofchance.

B.Toexplainthenecessityofplanningahead.

C.Toshowthesignificanceofthefirstimpressions.

D.Toillustratealove-haterelationshipwithfriends.

11.WhatdoesGeorgeHeadley'scareerstorymainlytellus?

A.Practicemakesperfect.

B.Littlepeoplecanmakeabigdifference.

C.Effortsandchancesareequallyimportant.

D.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.

“Goingwirelessisthefutureforjustabouteverything!,9Thatisaquotefromscientist

SreekanthChalasani,andwecan'thelpbutagree.Realizingthis,ateamofscientistshas

madeabreakthroughtowardwirelesslycontrollinghumancellsusingsound,inatechnique

called"sonogenetics（声遗传学）”.Thisconceptmayseemstrangebutletusexplain.

Basically,theterm“sonogenetics“meansusingultrasound（超声波）tochangethe

behaviorofcellsinanon-invasivemanner.6aWealreadyknowthatultrasoundissafe,andthat

itcangothroughbone,muscleandothertissues,makingittheultimatetoolforcontrolling

cellsdeepinthebody,“saysChalasani.

Low-frequencyultrasoundwavescantargetaparticularproteinthatissensitivetothe

signal.Thisresearch,publishedinNatureCommunications,focusedonTRPA1.Whenthis

proteinisstimulatedthroughtheultrasoundwaves,italsostimulatesthecellswhichcarryit.

Whattypeofcellisbeingstimulateddependsontheoutcome.Forexample,amusclecell

maycontractwithstimulation,oraneuron（神经元）inthebrainwillfire.Inthis

experiment,scientistsgeneticallymarkedcellswithanincreasedconcentrationofTRPA1,

makingthemthekeytargetsoftheultrasoundwaves.

Currently,treatingconditionslikeParkinson'sdiseaserequiresscientiststoimplant

electrodes（电极）inthebrainwhichstimulatecertaindisorderedcells.Researchershope

thatsonogeneticscanonedayreplacetheseinvasivetreatments.

Inthefuture,theteamwantstoadjusttheplacementandamountofTRPAIaroundthe

bodyusingthegenetreatment.Genedeliverytechniqueshavealreadybeenshowntobe

successfulinhumans,suchasintreatingblindness.Therefore,it'sjustacaseofadjustingthis

theorytoadifferentsound-basedsetting.

“Genedeliverytechniquesalreadyexistforgettinganewgene—suchasTRPAI---into

thehumanheart/9Chalasanisays."Ifwecanthenuseanexternalultrasounddeviceto

activatethosecells,thatcouldreallychangepacemakers."Thereisstillawhiletogobefore

thistreatmentcanbecomeareality.Thefutureforsonogenetics,though,looksbright.

12.What'sworkingprincipleforsonogenetics?

A.Usingmedicineinterventionaltherapies.

B.Changingcells*shapewithnewequipment.

C.Controllingcellsinanon-invasivemanner.

D.Usingakindofuniquemedicalcomposition.

13.Whatdidthescientistsdointheexperiment?

A.Changetheconcentrationoftheprotein.

B.Findtargetcellsfbrtreatmentprecisely.

C.Analyzetheproteinsensitivetothesign.

D.Choosethetypeofcelltobestimulated.

14.Whatcanwelearnaboutsonogeneticsfromparagraphs4and5?

A.Itcanbeappliedtootherfieldsbesidesmedicine.

B.Itmayreplacesometraditionalmedicaltherapies.

C.Itwilltotallytransformgenedeliverytechniques.

D.Ithassucceededincuringdiseaseslikeblindness.

15.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Cancellsbecontrolledbysound?

B.Howissonogeneticsclinicallyused?

C.Aregenedeliverytechniquesavailable?

D.Whatareapplicationsofsonogenetics?

二、七选五

16.Betweenchildhoodandadulthood,yougothroughmanychanges一jobs,

regrettablehaircutsandrelationshipsthatcomeandgo.Butwhataboutwhoyouareatyour

core（核心）？①

Personalityisthepatternofthoughts,feelingsandbehaviorsuniquetoaperson.People

tendtothinkofpersonalityasfixed.Butaccordingtopsychologists（心理学家），thafsnot

howitworks;personalitydoesn'tstaythesameallyourlife.②

Thafsnottosaythatyou'readifferentpersoneachdayyouwakeup.（3）In

astudy,researchersfollowedsomeadultsformanyyearsuntiltheirearly70s.They

discoveredthatadulthood'spersonalityisactuallystableinshorttimeperiods.

（4）Theywilllookathowachildreactstotheworld.Researchsuggeststhat

ourchildhood'smoods一forexample,whetherwe'reeasy-goingorbad-tempered,willingor

unwillingtoapproachstrangers-shapeourpersonalityofolderages.⑤Ifa

childisalwaysshyandwithdrawn（离群的），hemaygrowintoanunhappyteenager.Onthe

contrary,ahappychildhoodusuallyleadstoahappyadulthood.

A.Instead,itchanges-developswithage.

B.Growingintoadulthood,whatdoyoucareabout?

C.Asyougrowolder,doesyourpersonalitychange?

D.However,youdon'thavetobesadaboutthechange.

E.Infact,thechangecan'tevenbenoticedintheshortterm.

F.Psychologistsdon'tstudychildren'spersonalities,however.

G.Andtheseearlymoodsseemtoberelatedtoourlateryearsoflife.

三、完形填空（15空）

WhentheCovid-19pandemicstruckIndonesia'sislandofBali,tourism-thedriving

economicforceintheregion-justaboutcametoahalt.MorethanhalfofBali'seconomic

profitscomesfromtourismwhich]hundredsofthousandsofBalinesepeople.Many

movedbacktotheirhomevillages.Andwithmorepeoplereturningtothevillages,more

trash2.Withsomanypeopleoutofwork,theywerealsogoing3.

MadeJanurYasa,arestaurantownerinthetownofUbudsaidhewantedtofindaway

tohelppeopleinhiscommunityduringthepandemicwhilealso4theongoingproblem

ofplasticpollution.So,he5aprogramwherelocalvillagerscouldexchangeplasticfor

rice-abartersystemthatwould6theenvironmentandempowerthelocalpeople.

Residentscanturninplastictrashthey7inexchangeforamainfoodstaple.

InMay2020,he8thefirstexchangeinthevillagewherehewasbornandraised.

Itwasasuccess,andthe9quicklyspreadtoothervillagesacrossBali.Hisnon-profit,

PlasticExchange,wasborn.

Theprogram10localneighborhoodgroupscalledBanjarsthatcollectplasticfrom

theirhomes,streets,rivers,beachesandsurroundingareas.Villagesholdcommunity

exchange11onceamonthinwhichresidentscanbringinplastictotradeinforrice.

Yasasaystheorganizationhassofarhelped12thousandsoffamiliesandcollected13

300tonsofplasticforrecycling.

"Teenagerscomewithasmile.Elderlypeoplearethere.Youngkidscomewiththeir

mothers.Thafswhatkeepsme14,toseethemallexcitedaboutit."Yasasaid."They

werefeelingpowerless,andthisgivesthem15

17.A.improvesB.employsC.amusesD.guarantees

18.A.piledupB.usedupC.putupD.cleanedup

19.A.thirstyB.crazyC.exhaustedD.hungry

20.A.raisingB.sharingC.addressingD.producing

21.A.startedB.quitC.acceptedD.supported

22.A.renewB.benefitC.destroyD.threaten

23.A.threwB.removedC.collectedD.witnessed

24.A.hostedB.cancelledC.approachedD.impressed

25.A.principleB.definitionC.knowledgeD.concept

26.A.setsupB.bringstogetherC.picksoutD.dependson

27.A.practicesB.contestsC.eventsD.beliefs

28.A.inspireB.disturbC.affectD.feed

29.A.hardlyB.nearlyC.barelyD.obviously

30.A.goingB.passingC.rushingD.recording

31.A.confidenceB.responsibilityC.hopeD.respect

四、短文填空

32.Consistingofabambooframeanda①(beautiful)paintedpaper

surface,Chineseoil-paperumbrellashavelongbeenviewedasasymbolofChina'stradition

ofculturalcraftsmanshipandpoeticbeauty.Notjustaretheyaninstrumenttokeepoffrainor

sunlight,butalsoworksofart②(possess)rickculturalsignificanceandaesthetic

(美的)value.

Thefirstoil-paperumbrellasappearedduringEasternHanDynasty.Later,they(3)

(bring)overseastoJapanandancientKoreaduringtheTangDynasty,whichis(4)

theyareknownas“Tangumbrellas”.

IttakesquitealotoftimeandefforttomakeatraditionalChineseoil-paperumbrella®

hand.Forexample,inFenshuitownshipinLuzhou,SichuanProvince,craftsmen

mustcompletemorethan90stepsanduseover100differenttools®(create)a

singlehandmadeoil-paperumbrella.

Sincethe©(appear)ofmodernmechanicalumbrellas,traditionaloil-paper

umbrellas®(suffer)fromdecliningsalesand⑨numberofcraftsmen

hasbeenonthedecrease.Fortunately,withtheinclusionofFenshuioil-paperumbrellasas

oneofChina'snationalintangibleculturalheritagesin2008,thingshavebeenimproving.

Thesegreatitemsappearinmanyfashionshowsandmediapublicationsduetothepositive

publicity®theyhavereceived.

五、书面表达

33.假定你是李华，为庆祝中华人民共和国成立72周年，你校学生会决定在国庆节前

夕举办“我爱祖国”全校师生合唱比赛。请写封邮件邀请外教Mary观看。内容包括：

1.合唱比赛时间、地点；

2.比赛安排。

注意：合唱比赛choruscompetition

1.词数80左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

六、读后续写

34.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短

文。

IsharedconfidentlythatIwantedtobeawifeandmother.Everyoneurgedmetoaim

high.Icouldn'tthinkofahighercalling,buttheydidn'tseemtounderstandincludingmy

parents.Noonedidexceptonecollegeteacher,myEnglishteacher.Sheencouragedmeby

tellingmethatshetrustedmyjudgmentandknewthatintheendallwouldworkoutforme

evenifIfollowedmyheartandchosetosimplybeawifeandmother.Iwassogratefulfor

herunderstandingandencouragingwords.

Well,lifewasgoodasIpursuedmygoals.Ididattendcollegewhilewaitingformy

love,whowasservingintheNavytogetbackhome.IknewthatIwasreallyjustbuying

timeuntilourmarriage,butIhadscholarshipsthattookcareoftheexpense,soitseemedlike

agoodthingtodo.Finally,weweremarried,andIwasextremelyhappywithmychoiceto

beawife.Twoyearslater,westartedourfamily;andagain,IknewthatI'dmadetheright

choice.Beingamotherwassowonderful.Wewentontohavetwomorechildren,andIwas

blessedbybeingabletobeastay-at-homemom.ItwasallI'deverdreamedof.Myparents

graduallyacceptedmyhappiness.

Whenthedaycamethatallourlittledarlingswereinschool,Ibegantoprayabout

whattodowiththetimeIfoundIhadonmyhands.Throughaseriesofeventsthatcouldbe

anentirestoryoftheirown,Godletmeknowwithoutadoubtthatmynextgoalshouldbeto

becomeateacher.Iwassoexcited!Imean,howmanypeoplegetthechancetogrowupand

beexactlywhattheywantandthendoitagainwithanewdream?Idecidedtotakeeducation

coursesandwasallsettobeginclassesinJuneof1991.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

Unfortunately,onMay16,1receivedmyhusband'sboss'scallfromanearbyhospital.

HelpcamejustwhenIwasstrugglingformydream.

参考答案

1.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句"Thiscollectionofnineshortstoriesprobesinto

manyofthesamethemesinLisaTaddeo'sbeloved"ThreeWomen\butdiscussesthemina

sharper,moredisagreeableway."（这本由九篇短篇小说组成的合集探讨了丽莎・塔迪欧深

受喜爱的《三个女人》中的许多相同主题，但以一种更尖锐，令人不快的方式讨论了

他们。）可知，该书与《三个女人》的主题相似，但叙事基调更尖锐。故选D项。

2.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句"Inthisremarkabletitle,BarbaraChase-Riboud

tellshermotheraboutherdevelopmentasanartist,herlovestories,andhertripsaroundthe

globe,fromAfricatoChina.,,（在这本引人注目的书中，BarbaraChase-Riboud向她的母

亲讲述了她作为一名艺术家的发展历程、她的爱情故事，以及她从非洲到中国的全球

旅行。）可知，这本书的作者是BarbaraChase-Riboud。故选A项。

3.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句"Herearesomeofthebestbooksoftheyear

accordingtonotableartists,image-makersandotherculturaltastemakers.5,（以下是著名艺

术家、形象塑造者和其他文化品位制造者评选出的年度最佳书籍。）可知，这三本书

都是一些专家评选出的最佳年度书籍。故选D项。

4.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的"Thecompanysaysitsaimistofreeuproadsand

groundspacesthatcouldbeusedforgreenery,walkwaysandpublicleisurespaces（该公司表

示,其目标是腾出道路和地面空间用于绿化、人行道和公共休闲空间）”可推断出Oleg

Zaretskiy说，公司的目标是腾出更多地面空间作其他用途。故选B。

5.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的"Andbyusinglessstructuralmaterials,itreduces

carbonemissions.（通过使用更少的结构材料，它减少了碳排放。）"可知,uSky吊舱的特点

是它们是环保的。故选D。

6.答案：A

解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段的"Thegroundspaceiscompletelyover-saturated,and

peoplearetiredoftrafficjams（地面空间完全饱和，人们也厌倦了交通堵塞。）”可知，地面

很拥挤，因此划线词over-saturated的意思是"拥挤的"，即CrowdedoA.Crowded拥挤

的;B.Vast广阔的;C.Clean干净的;D.Empty空的。故选A。

7.答案：A

解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的"Trafficjamisaproblemforcitiesaround

theworld...Butonecompanybelievesthesolutionistobuildanetworkofdriverlesshigh­

speedpods（吊舱）thatridearoundcitiessuspended（悬挂）fromasteeltrack（交通拥堵对世

界各地的城市来说都是一个问题……但有一家公司认为，解决方案是建立一个无人驾驶

高速吊舱网络，悬挂在钢铁轨道上，环绕城市行驶）”可知，本文主要介绍的是可以解决交通

堵塞问题的高速吊舱，因此最好的题目是A选项“USkyPodsHelpCitiesSolveTraffic

Problems（USkypod帮助城市解决交通问题）”，故选A。

8.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“GeorgeHeadleywouldhavebeenadentistintheUSA

ratherthanoneofthegreatestcricketers（板球运动员）ifhehadgothispapersfromPanama

ontime.（如果乔治・黑德利及时从巴拿马拿到了他的文件，他现在可能是美国的一名牙

医，而不是最伟大的板球运动员之一）”和第二段"Thedelay,however,gaveHeadleytime

tomakehisfirst-classdebut（首次亮/目）forJamaicaagainstthevisitingLordTennyson'sXI

fromEngland.Thesewerehisscoresinthethreefirst-classgamesintheseries:16,40,and

71.（然而，这一延迟给了黑德利时间，让他有时间代表牙买加对阵来访的英国丁尼生勋

爵十一队，完成了他的一级联赛首秀。这是他在系列赛中三场顶级比赛中的得分：16

分、40分、71分厂可推知，乔治・黑德利在拿到文件之前决定在牙买加磨炼他的板球技

术。故选B。

9.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Thedelay,however,gaveHeadleytimetomakehisfirst-

classdebut（首次亮相）forJamaicaagainstthevisitingLordTennyson'sXIfromEngland.

Thesewerehisscoresinthethreefirst-classgamesintheseries:16,40,and71.Therest,as

theysay,ishistory.Yet,considerwhatmighthaveoccurredifhisdocumentshadarrivedon

timeandhehadmigratedtoAmerica.Therewouldhavebeenamissingchapterincricket.

（然而，这一延迟给了黑德利时间，让他在牙买加对阵来访的英格兰丁尼生勋爵XI队

的比赛中首次亮相。这是他在系列赛中三场顶级比赛中的得分：16分、40分、71分。

其余的，正如他们所说，是历史。然而，考虑一下如果他的文件按时到达并且他移民

到美国可能会发生什么。板球运动可能会少一篇章）”可推知，他的文件没有按时到达

给了他成为最伟大的板球运动员之一的机会，也就成为他人生的转折点，故选B。

10.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Headley'stalebringstotheforetherolethat

happenstance（偶然情况）playsinlife.InthesongADifferentComer,GeorgeMichael

lamented（哀叹）thataromanticunionwentwrongandsuggestedthatitmighthavebeen

betterifcircumstanceshadworkedtopreventtheirfirstmeeting:"Takemebackintime;

maybeIcanforget.Turnadifferentcornerandweneverwouldhave（黑德禾ll的故事突

出了偶然性在生活中所起的作用。在歌曲《不同的角落》中，乔治・迈克尔哀叹一段浪

漫的结合出了问题，并暗示如果环境阻止了他们的第一次见面，情况可能会更好：“带

我回到过去;也许我可以忘记。换个角度，我们就不会相遇了。”广可知，本段主要说的

就是偶然性在生活中所起的作用。由此可知，作者提到歌曲《不同的角落》是为了进

一步证明这一主题，也就是机会的重要性。故选A。

11.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段""TheharderIpractice,theluckierIget"isaquote

normallyusedbysportsmentodiscounttheoccurrenceorconsequenceofluck.Athleteslike

tothinkthatwhateversuccessthey'vehadisonlydowntothem.Toadmitotherwiseisto

devaluetheskillsandefforts.（“我练得越努力，我就越幸运”这句话通常被运动员用来贬

低运气的发生或结果。运动员喜欢认为，他们取得的任何成功都只取决于他们自己。

承认事实并非如此就是贬低了他们的技能和努力）”和最后一段"Thechangesinluckarea

largepartofwhywewatchsports.Itfostersuncertainty,which,inturn,enhancesinterestin

theprocessandtheresult.Onanygivenday,theunderdogcanbeatthechampion.Whenever

thatoccurs,luckislikelytohaveplayedsomesignificantpart,andsportisbetterforit.（运气

的变化是我们观看体育比赛的很大一部分原因。它助长了不确定性，而不确定性又反

过来。增强对过程和结果的兴趣。在任何一天，失败者都可能成为冠军。无论何时发

生这种情况，运气都可能发挥了重要作用，而体育运动则更好）”可推知，乔治・黑德利

的职业生涯主要告诉我们机会和努力同等重要。故选C。

12.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Basically,theterm"sonogenetics"meansusing

ultrasound（超声波）tochangethebehaviorofcellsinanon-invasivemanner.（基本上，”

超声遗传学，，一词意味着使用超声波以非侵入性的方式改变细胞的行为。）可知，生遗

传学的工作原理是通过非入侵方式来控制细胞。故选C。

13.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Low-frequencyultrasoundwavescantargetaparticular

proteinthatissensitivetothesignal.Thisresearch,publishedinNatureCommunications,

focusedonTRPAl.Whenthisproteinisstimulatedthroughtheultrasoundwaves,italso

stimulatesthecellswhichcarryit.（低频超声波可以瞄准对信号敏感的特定蛋白质。这

项研究发表在《自然通讯》上，重点关注TRPA1O当这种蛋白质受到超声波的刺激

时，它也会刺激携带它的细胞。哪种类型的细胞受到刺激取决于结果。）及Inthis

experiment,scientistsgeneticallymarkedcellswithanincreasedconcentrationofTRPA1,

makingthemthekeytargetsoftheultrasoundwaves.（在这个实验中，科学家们用基因标

记了细胞中TRPA1浓度的增加，使它们成为超声波的关键目标。）可知，科学家通过

干预细胞上的蛋白质TRPA1,使它们成为低频超声波的瞄准对象，从而刺激携带了这

种蛋白质的细胞，从而达到治疗的目的，所以科学家在实验中做的是精确地找到治疗

的目标细胞。故选B。

14.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据第四段Currently,treatingconditionslikeParkinson'sdisease

requiresscientiststoimplantelectrodes（电极）inthebrainwhichstimulatecertain

disorderedcells.Researchershopethatsonogeneticscanonedayreplacetheseinvasive

treatments.（目前，治疗帕金森氏症等疾病需要科学家在大脑中植入电极来刺激某些紊

乱的细胞。研究人员希望超声遗传学有朝一日能取代这些侵入性治疗。）及第五段In

thefuture,theteamwantstoadjusttheplacementandamountofTRPAIaroundthebody

usingthegenetreatment.Genedeliverytechniqueshavealreadybeenshowntobesuccessful

inhumans,suchasintreatingblindness.Therefore,it'sjustacaseofadjustingthistheory

toadifferentsound-basedsetting.（未来，该团队希望通过基因治疗来调整TRPAI在身

体周围的位置和数量。基因传递技术已经在人类身上被证明是成功的，比如在治疗失

明方面。因此，这只是将这一理论调整到另一个不同的基于声音环境的案例。）可

知，基因传递技术已经被证明是成功的，因而利用超声遗传学取代一些传统的侵入性

治疗是有可能的。B.Itmayreplacesometraditionalmedicaltherapies.（它可能会取代

一些传统的医学疗法。）符合文意，故选B。

15.答案：A

解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段Realizingthis,ateamofscientistshasmadea

breakthroughtowardwirelesslycontrollinghumancellsusingsound,inatechniquecalled

"sonogenetics（声遗传学）（意识到这一点，一组科学家在利用声音无线控制人类细

胞方面取得了突破，他们采用了一种被称为“声遗传学”的技术。）可知，文章主要围

绕生遗传学，即利用声音控制细胞展开说明，接下来分段进一步说明了其原理、工作

方式及发展前景，所以A.Cancellsbecontrolledbysound?（细胞可以被声音控制

吗？）以设问的方式，概括了文章的中心内容。故选A。

16.答案：①-⑤CAEFG

解析：①下文"Personalityisthepatternofthoughts,feelingsandbehaviorsuniquetoa

person.Peopletendtothinkofpersonalityasfixed.^^（性格是一个人特有的思想、情感和

行为模式。人们往往认为性格是固定不变的。）说明性格是人所固有的思想、情感和

行为模式，C项中personality是关键词，“随着年龄的增长，你的性格会改变吗？”承

上启下，符合题意。故选C。

②上文“Butaccordingtopsychologists,thafsnothowitworks;personalitydoesn'tstaythe

same