北师大版初三英语第15讲：unit-8-词汇篇(教师版)

Unit8词汇篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.理解并灵活运用重点单词、词组2.理解、掌握并灵活运用重点句型1.wish希望(1)wish做动词时意为“想要，希望”。wishtodosth./wishsb.todosth.希望做某事/希望某人做某事，例如：Iwishtoseethemanager.我希望见一见经理。Allparentswishtheirchildrentobehappy.所有的父母都希望自己的孩子开心。wishsb.+宾语补足语，例如：Iwishyouahappyjourney.希望你有个快乐的旅程。(2)wish做名词意为“祝愿”，例如：Weallsendourbestwishesforthefuture.我们都对未来致以最好的祝愿。【知识拓展】wish和hope的区别(1)hope表示有可能实现的愿望；wish表示实现的可能性较小的愿望。因此hope的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，wish的宾语从句可跟虚拟语气。例如：TheyhopethattheywillvisitChinasomeday.(will不能换成would)他们希望某天可以参观中国。HowIwishIwereabird.(动词不能用hope)我多么希望自己是一只小鸟！(2)“希望某人做某事”，应为“wishsb.todosth.”而不是“hopesb.todosth.”。(3)在祝福语种常有“wishsb.+宾语补足语”，而hope没有这种用法。(4)在答语中通常有“hopeso/hopenot”表示“希望如此/希望不是这样”，wish没有这种用法。2.wonder想知道；惊奇，惊叹(1)wonder做动词，意为“想知道”。后面常加when/where/why/who/whether+从句。例如：Iwonderwhetherthislittleboyisauniversitystudent.我想知道这个小男孩是否是大学生。(2)wonder做名词意为“惊奇，惊叹（不可数名词）；奇迹，奇观（可数名词）”。例如：Therewasalookofwonderinhiseyes.他眼中露出惊奇的神色。Itisawonderthatheremainedaliveafterdroppingfromtheroofofaten-storeybuilding.他从一幢十层楼的楼顶摔下来，但仍然活着，真是奇迹。3.treat对待，看待；治疗；款待(1)对待，看待；把…看作。常见短语“treat…as/like…”，例如：Donottreatthisseriousmatterasajoke.不要把这件严肃的事情当做笑料。(2)治疗，例如：Thedoctorswerenotabletotreathisdisease.医生治不了这种病。(3)款待，请（客），常见短语treatsb.todinner。例如;We’lltreatyoutodinner.我们请你吃晚饭。4.succeed成功(1)succeed表示“成功”，为不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。例如：Hisplansucceeded.他的计划成功了。(2)succeedwithsth.在某方面获得成功。例如：Ifyouwantsucceedwithyourwork,youmustpaytheprice.如果想把你的工作做得成功，你必须付出代价。(3)succeedindoingsth.成功做某事。例如：Shesucceededingettingthejob.她成功谋得了那份工作。【知识拓展】success表示抽象意义的“成功”，不可数名词。例如：Ididn’thavemuchsuccessinfindingajob.我找工作没什么结果。success表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”，可数名词。例如：Hewasagreatsuccessinbusiness.他事业上很成功。successful表示“成功的”，形容词。例如：Sheisasuccessfulwriter.她是个成功的作家。successfully表示“成功地”，副词，例如：Hefinishedthejobsuccessfully.他成功地完成了这项工作。5.fail失败failtodosth.意为“未能（做）…，没能（做）…”，例如：Themanfailedtoswimacrosstheriver.这个人没能游过这条河。failure名词Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败是成功之母。6.yet意为“还，尚，仍”。(1)yet通常用于现在完成时态的否定句和疑问句中，常放于句尾；already用于现在完成时态的肯定句。例如：Haveyouheardfromhimyet?你收到他的信了吗？—Hashecomeyet?他已经来了吗？—Notyet.不，还没。(2)yet作连词，表示转折，意为“但是，然而”。例如：Hesaidhewouldbelate,yethearrivedontime.他说他会迟到，但他却准时到了。7.loseweight意为“减肥”，例如：Weshouldchoosereasonableandwisemethodstoloseweight.我们应该选择明智合理的方法减肥。【与weight相关的词组】weightoneself称体重gainweight体重增加putonweight体重增加weightloss减肥8.notonly…butalso的特殊用法(1)notonly…butalso连接句子时，notonly可以置于句首表示强调，这时第一分句要采用倒装结构。例如：Notonlyhasheafirst-classbrain,butalsoheisatremendouslyhardworker.他不仅有着头等聪明的脑子，而且工作时很能吃苦。(2)notonly…butalso结构一般只省略also，但在连接句子时，有时也可见到省略but的情形。例如：NotonlywasItired,Iwasalsocold.我不光困倦，还感到很冷。（省去了but）9.beableto能，能够ableadj.有能力的；能够的。abilityn.能力theabilitytodosth.做某事的能力。capableadj.有能力的；becapableofdoingsth.有能力做某事。【beableto与can的区别】两者表示能力时，是同义的。例如：Shecan/isabletospeaktwoforeignlanguages.她能说两种外语。两者区别如下：(1)can只有两种时态can和could；beableto有多种时态，如was/wereableto;willbeableto;has/haveableto。例如：I’llbeabletodrivethecarinaweek.一周之后，我就能开车了。(2)beableto表示“通过某种努力做成了某事”，而can没有这种用法。例如：Allthepeoplewereabletoescapefromthefireintime.所有人都能及时地逃出那场大火。(3)can可以表示猜测或允许、请求，表允许时可以与may互换，beableto则不能。例如：Somebodyisknockingatthedoor.Whocanitbe?有人在敲门，会是谁呢？---Can/MayIsithere?---Yes,please.—我可以做在这吗？—可以，请坐。10.aboveall最重要的是，尤其是。aboveall表示“首先，尤其是，最重要的是”，可放句首或句中。例如：Aboveall,tellmewhatIhavetodo.首先告诉我该做什么。Helovesmusic,andaboveallclassicalmusic.他喜欢音乐，尤其是古典音乐。【与all有关的词组】afterall毕竟inall总共firstofall首先allinall总而言之，头等重要的1.Atlast,hesucceeded_____________theproblem.A.tosolve B.solve C.solving D.insolving2.---I’msorry,sir.I’vemadealotofmistakesintheexam.---Nevermind._________,theexamisalittledifficult.A.Inall B.Firstofall C.AfterallD.Aboveall3.Ifailed_________________themathsproblem.A.toworkout B.workout C.workingoutD.workedout4.Atlast,she_________singthisEnglishsongafterpracticingitmanytimes.A.canB.could C.beableto D.wasableto5.Don’talwaystreatme______alittlekid.A.asB.for C.inD.with6.Notonly________writesthewordsforthesongs,butalsohecomposesthemusic.A.heB.didhe C.doeshe D.hedoes7.Atthreeo’clock,theyhadnot________decidedwhethertoplaybasketballornot.A.already B.yet C.still D.even8.Shewondered________thechildrenwasdoing.A.whenB.whatC.howD.where解析：固定用法“succeedindoingsth.”，成功做某事，题意为“最终他成功解决了这个问题”，故选D。短语辨析。inall总的来说，总体上；firstofall首先；afterall毕竟；aboveall最重要的是，尤其是。根据题意上文“对不起，老师，在这次考试中，我犯了很多错。”下文“没关系，毕竟这次考试有一点难。”故答案为C。3.固定用法“failtodosth.”没能做某事，题意为“我没能做出这道数学题”故选A。4.根据“afterpracticingitmanytimes”表示经过很多次的练习终于学会了这首英文歌，表示通过努力能够做某事，应用beableto，题意为“终于，练习了很多遍之后，她学会了这首英文歌”故选D。5.固定用法“treat…as/like”把…当做…，题意为“不要总是把我当成小孩子对待”故选A。6.notonly…butalso的特殊用法，not为否定词，否定词提前后面的句子用倒装结构，并且butalso后面的句子为一般现在时，并列结构，故notonly后面的句子也应为一般现在时，题意为“他不仅写歌词，而且还谱曲。”故选C。7.notyet意为“还没有，尚未”。题意为“三点钟的时候，他们还没有决定要不要去打篮球。”，故选B。8.wonder后面加从句。四个选项连接词的意思分别为：when什么时候；what什么；how怎么；where哪里，what更符合题意。题意为“她想知道孩子们正在做什么。”故选B。答案：1-5DCADA6-8CBB基础演练一、短语互译传给_______________2.热烈欢迎_______________3.和…相似_________________致辞_______________5.带来问题_______________6.做…的实验_______________颁奖_______________8.各种各样的_____________9.继续做某事_______________fromthenon_________11.getthechancetodosth._____________12.makegreatprogress_________________13.很荣幸做某事_____________________14.在某方面有天赋___________________15.关于…发现更多___________________二、根据句意和首字母提示或汉语提示完成单词Therearethreel______inourschool;wecandomanyexperimentsinphysicsclass.Noonecanpredictexactlywhatwillhappeninthenextc________.What________(发现)haveinfluencedourlivesmost?DNAistheb_______blockoflife.5.LiHua’sgrandfatherhasbeend_______for20years.巩固提高根据中文提示完成句子（每空一词）三个世纪前，许多孩子很小就死于不同的疾病。Threecenturiesago,manychildrendiedveryyoung______________differentdiseases.我认为X射线是最重要的发现之一。IthinkX-rayis_____________________________________discoveries.科学家用了多久发现了DNA的结构？Howlong_______________________scientists_______discoverDNA’sstructure?X射线能用于透视箱内物品。X-rayscan_____________________seethingsinsidesuitcases.如果你对象棋感兴趣，可以加入象棋俱乐部。YoucanjointheChessClubifyou_______________________chess.让我们热烈欢迎DrBrown的到来。______________awarmroundofapplausetoDr.Brown.决定谁该获奖不是很难。___________________________decidewhowillwintheaward.我想对我的家人表示感谢。Iwantto________________________myfamilies.相信大家都能想象得出Dr.Brown非常忙。____________youcanimagineDr.Brownisaverybusyman.我不仅对3A班，而且对我校所有的年轻科学家们取得的成绩表达深深地敬意。Ihavegreatrespectfortheachievementsof_____________class3A______________alltheyoungscientistsatourschool.答案基础演练一、短语互译passon2.giveawarmroundofapplauseto3.besimilarto.giveaspeech5.causeproblems6.doexperimentonpresenttheaward8.allkindsof9.continuetodosth.从那时起11.得到做某事的机会12.取得很大进步It’sanhonortodosth.14.havetalentfor15.discovermoreabout二、根据句意和首字母提示或汉语提示完成单词labs2.century3.discoveries4.building5.dead巩固提高becauseofoneofthemostimportantdidittake;tobeusedtoareinterestedinLet’sgiveIt’snotdifficulttogivethankstoI’msurenotonly;butalso一、单项选择1.Icanseenewprogressasithasgrown_______thanbefore.A.tall B.tallerC.thetallestD.tallest2.Thelittletreecontinued______taller.A.togrowB.growsC.growD.growing3.Greenleaveshavegrownonthenewplants,_______theyhavenotfullygrown.A.because B.and C.butD.so4.---Willyoufixupthemachineaccordingtothe_______,David?---Noproblem.A.instructionsB.inventions C.invitationsD.interviewsYouhavetobe________andwaituntilIfinishmywork.A.patientB.strict C.honestD.active6.Ireallyenjoyedyourspeech,_______thereweresomepartsIdidn’tquiteunderstand.A.because B.unlessC.thoughD.after7.Theboylooked_______becausehedidn’tpasshismathsexam.A.sad B.sadness C.saddestD.sadly8.Atschool,wearetaught______knowledge________howtobehavewell.A.neither;norB.either;or C.notonly;butalso D.not;but9.The“teacher-freeexam”meansthatstudentstaketheirexams________teachers.Studentsmustbemorehonest.A.with B.without C.against D.through10.Seeingmypotwithpotatoesunderthesoil,Iwonder________later.A.howfastwillitgrow B.howfastdiditgrowC.howfastitwillgrow D.howfastitgrew完形填空Itallstartedatthebeginningoftheninthgrade.Carmenfoundshecouldn’tfoundshecouldn’tseethings1allthetime.Shebecameveryworried,butshehoped2wouldknowthat.Whenhermotheraskedhertoseetheeyedoctor,shedidn’t3.Buthermother’smindwasmadeup.Threedayslater,Carmengotnewglassesandinstructionsfromherdoctor.“AllofthekidswillthinkI’msilly.”Carmensaid.Hermother4andshookherhead.“Youlookjustasbeautifulasbefore,”shesaid.ButCarmendidn’tbelieveher.Thenextday,Carmenkeptthe5inherpocketasshewalkedintotheschoolyard.Suddenly,sheheardherfriendTheresashout.Carmenranovertotheothergirls.“What’sthematter?”sheasked.“Myringisgone!”Theresacried.“MysistersentittomefromCalifornia.It’svery6andIcan’tloseit.”Carmenandherfriendsbeganto7theringinthegrassyareaoftheplayground.Carmenrealizedthatshecoulddobetterifshecouldseebetter.Shetooktheglassesoutandputthemon.Everythinglookedso8!Soclear!Shelookeddownatthegroundandabrightlightcaughther9.Itwasthering.“Hereitis,”sheshouted.ShehandedittoTheresa.“Thanks,Carmen.I10thoughtwe’dfindit,”shepaused.“Hey,Ididn’tknowyouworeglasses.Theylookgreat!”“Thanks,”Carmenreplied.“Maybewearingglasseswon’tbesobadafterall.”Carmenthought.1.A.clearly B.carefullyC.freely D.quickly2.A. everybodyB.nobody C.somebodyD.anybody3.A.explainB.care C.agree D.understand4.A. relaxed B.cheeredC.smiled D.jumped5.A. ring B.keysC.book D.glasses6.A.special B.common C.cheap D.heavy7.A.askfor B.waitforC.lookfor D.payfor8.A.new B.dirty C.strangeD.different9.A.earsB.eyes C.feet D.hands10.A.still B.everC.never D.often答案 单项选择1-5BACAA6-10CACBC完形填空1-5ABCCD6-10ACDBC__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、单项选择1.I’mhungry.Iwant_______toeat.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing2.Myparentsoftentellme_______careofmyselfwhenI’mout.A.takingB.take C.takenD.totake3.---Whowillgiveusthespeechonpublicmanners?---MrBrown________,butI’mnotsure.A.can B.need C.might D.must4.She_________veryhardsincehecametoourschool.A.studiesB.hasstudied C.isstudying D.studied5.Itwasdark,_________Icouldn’tseewhatwashappening.A.orB.thoughC.butD.so6.---________isthemodelplanemadeof?---It’smadeofusedwoodandglass.A.WhatB.WhenC.WhoD.Where7.Billisverypopularandheis_____________studentintheclass.A.outgoingB.moreoutgoingC.mostoutgoingD.themostoutgoing8.---_________youpleasebuyanewspaperforme?---Sure.A.CouldB.MustC.NeedD.May9.Bob________alotsincewemetlastyear.A.changesB.changedC.haschangedD.willchange10.TheInternationalKiteFestival_______inWeifangeveryyear.A.holdsB.heldC.isheldD.washeld(附：6-10，2015年海淀区九年级英语期中考试试题)二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)11.经常做实验，对我们学习理科有好处。Doingexperimentsregularly________________ourstudyonscience.12.乘车时我总是将座位让给需要的人。Ialways______________________________anyonewhoneedsthemonthebus.13.我认为参加课外活动很重要。Ithink________________________________theafter-classactivities.14.芸芸父母的身体不好。她既要上学还要帮助他们做家务。Yunyun’sparentsareinpoorhealth.She_________________goestoschool___________helpsherparentsdothehousework.15.我给同学们展示如何打篮球。I____________________________playbasketball.三、翻译下列句子16.Thesediscoveriesweren’tmadeeasily._______________________________________________________________________17.It’sanhonortobeheretonightaswepresenttheaward._______________________________________________________________________18.Now,let’sgiveawarmroundofapplausetoourchairman._______________________________________________________________________19.我认为我需要更耐心点才能完成这件事。_______________________________________________________________________20.看到新生命诞生，真是件令人高兴的事。_______________________________________________________________________四、完形填空AnImperfectPaintingMyparentsalwayswantedmetobe“ontop”,sofromearlyonIhadthe21tobethebestineverything,fromgettingthehighestscoreinaspellingtesttorunningfastestinarace.Inmiddleschool,Irealizedhowmanyothersmarterandfasterpeopletherewere,Itbecame22thatIwasnotthebestanymore,butmyparentsstillheldontotheirhopeandforcedmetotryhard.Totheirdisappointment,Ibecamelessconfidentanddidn’twanttoworkharderbecause,tome,therewasnopointinmakinganymore23ifIwasunabletobenumberone.Mygradesbegantofall;Ineverpracticedthepiano;I24painting.Itwasallbecausemotivation(动力）todoanythinghaddroppedmuch.Whenhighschoolstarted,Iwasatanewschoolinanewcity.I25togetbackmymotivationandstartover.SoIpickedupmyeverfavoritehobbyagainandenrolled(报名)myselfintheartcourse,26ourartteacher,Mr.Grady,gaveusmorefreedomwithourartprojects.Hewouldalwaysencourageustorealizeourpotential(潜力).Myfirstpaintingwassimplyabeesittingonasunflower,Itriedmybest,butstillfoundithardtofeelsatisfiedwithit.Iknewitwasnot27andcouldhardlygetagoodgrade.ButIshowedittoMr.Grady.Hedidn’t28itinarush.Instead,hegavemeadvicewhichonlymotivatedmetoworkharderonit.ForthefirsttimeIwashappywiththe29ofmypaintingratherthandisappointedaboutitsimperfection.Ifinishedalltheotherprojectswithhighergrades,butIhungthefirstpaintinginmyroomattheendoftheterm.Myparentsthought30metobenumberonewouldmotivateme.Instead,itdiscouragedmemuchwhenIwasnotnumberone,forIhadgonetoschoolonlytogetagrade,notknowledge,letaloneprogress.Actually,itisokaynottobethebestateverythingaslongasyoucontinuetotryyourbest.21.A.ability B.chance C.goal D.way22.A.strange B.obvious C.acceptable D.impossible23.A.efforts B.choices C.promises D.wishes24.A.regretted B.considered C.continued D.stopped25.A.failed B.refused C.decided D.waited26.A.Naturally B.Similarly C.Normally D.Luckily27.A.famous B.modern C.perfect D.special28.A.name B.grade C.hang D.finish29.A.progress B.meaning C.style D.title 30.A.instructing B.helping C.encouraging D.pushing五、阅读理解AWhatwouldhappenifyoutriedtoblowasoapbubbleinfreezingweather?Woulditfreezesolid(固体)andfalltotheground?Wouldyouhavetohitittobreakit?Thesequestionshappenedtomeonacoldwinterday.Itwastoocoldtoplayinthesnow,butitwasaperfecttimetoexperimentwithblowingfrozenbubbles.Toblowfrozenbubbles,Iuseddishwashingsoapandadropofglycerin（甘油）tomakeitevenbetter.Ichoseaplaceoutofthewind,andblewbubblesthesamewayIalwaysdo.Iwatchedtoseewhatwouldhappen.Here’swhatIlearned.Ifthetemperatureislowenough,theskinofthebubblesfrostsover(结霜),becomingcloudyinsteadofclear.Andwhataboutthoserainbowswirls（旋转）youseeinsoapbubbles?Therainbowcolorsstayevenwhenthebubblesfrost,buttheydon’tswirlanymore.Thebubblesstillstayintheair.Theydon’tfalltothegroundanyfasterthantheywouldonawarmsummerday.Whenthesefrozenbubblesbreak,theydon’tturnintosmallwaterdropsassummerbubblesdo.Theyturnintoflashingrainbowconfetti（碎屑）andmoveslowlytotheground.Sometimesafrozenbubblewillrollacrossthesnowwithoutbreaking.Ifnothingdisturbsthebubble,itmaystaythereforalongtime.SometimesIcouldcatchabubbleandholdituntiltheheatofmyhandmadeitpop.Ilearnedanotherthingaboutblowingfrozenbubbles.It’ssointerestingthatIwanttotryitagainnextyear.31.Itistheperfecttimetoblowfrozenbubblesona___________day.A.coldwinter B.warmspringC.hotsummer D.sunnyautumn32.Whenthefrozenbubblesbreak,_________.A.theymakeabigsoundB.theyturnintosmalldropsC.theyfalltothegroundlikerainD.theybecomerainbowconfetti33.Thepurposeofthepassageis_______.A.tolearnhowtodoascienceexperiment B.toshowtheexperimentofblowingfrozenbubblesC.todiscovergamesthatarefuntoplayinthesnow D.toinventanewkindofsoapthatmakesstrongerbubblesBMichelle,afamouslady,hasfoundthatmorethan25%studentsaretoofatinhercountry.Itisaveryseriousproblem.Soshestartsahealthprogramtodealwithit.Thehealthprogramistoreducetheamount(数量)of