2023-2024学年北京海淀区高三期末英语试题及答案

海淀区2023—2024学年第一学期期末练习

高三英语2024.01

本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答

无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。

第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在

答题纸上将该项涂黑。

Backin2008,1wasteachingConceptsofFitnessinahighschool.Attheendofoneclass,Ichatted

withDavidGale,aseniorhighjumper,abouthowtoimprovehis]andhowmotivationplayedan

importantroleinone'sachievement.He,outoftheblue,askedmewhatwouldhappenifhebrokethe

schoolrecord.

Not2ofhispassionanddetermination,Ipausedforamoment,butthenpromisedthat1would

painthisnameonthewallofourclassroom.HewasveryexcitedandsuggestedthatIgopurchasethe

paint.

Nothingmorewasmentionedaboutthe3untiltwoweekslater,theyoungwarriorraninto

theclassroomwithahugesmileonhisface."Ididit!Ibroketherecord!”heshoutedasIwasstill

gatheringinformationto4whatIhadpromisedhim.Ijoinedinwiththehigh-fivesandfist

bumps5him.

Thenexlday,itwasdone!G-A-L-E.Hugeblueletterswithwhiteedges,theschoolcolors.I

couldseehisexcitementevensurpassedthesuccessitself.Actually,hiscoachsaidthewallwas

partofthe6tobreaktherecord.

Whathappenednextwastotallyamazing.Manystudents,evenfromotherclasses,sawthenameon

thewalland7howthey,too,couldbeconsideredforthewall.Withtheenormous8,Ihadto

addmorenamestothewall,andmorethan100namesappearedthereinthefollowing10years.

Manyfolksadmittedtheywouldnothave9whattheydidifthewallhadn'tbeenpart

ofthereward.Moreimportantly,allthosewhosteppedfarbeyondtheircomfortzonehelpedset

the10higher.

1.A.healthB.performanceC.talentD.knowledge

2.A.proudB.afraidC.certainD.fond

高三年级（英语）第1页（共1（）页）

3.A.promiseB.recordC.suggestionD.news

4.A.describeB.recallC.explainD.picture

5.A.encouragingB.admiringc.congratulatingD.greeting

6.A.excitementB.confidencec.creativityD.motivation

7.A.inquiredB.expectedc.insistedD.doubted

8.A.effortB.experiencec.stressD.response

9.A.adjustedB.achievedc.examinedD.displayed

10.A.paceB.stagec.barD.tone

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出

提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。

A

WhenMarkwasdrivingtothemartialartsgymwherehetrainsandvolunteers,hesaw11looked

likeapolicepursuit.SoonMarkrealizedtheofficerdidnothavecontrolofthesituation.Jumpingoutofhis

car,Maikidentifiedhimselfandspelledouthisintention12(make)ittwo-on-oneintheofficer'sfavor.

Then,withtheofficer13(struggle)tocontroltheman'supperbody,Markputhisweightontheman's

legs.Butthesuspectmanagedtorolltohisright,ontohisstomach.Markimmediately14(apply)a

martialmovetocontrolhisshoulderandupperbody.Afewsecondslater,thesuspectgaveout.Theofficer

securedahandcuffandthethreatwasover.

B

Glassrecyclinghasbecomesuchabigindustrythattheamountofglass15(recycle)isnot

meetingthedemandfornewglasstobeproduced.SomestatesinU.S.haveattemptedtoresolvethis

situationinhopesofencouragingthe16(produce)ofglassoverplasticbyofferingmonetary

incentives(奖励)forglass.Forexample,Californiahasaspecialprogram17youcanearnfive

centsformostglasshottiesaswellasplasticonesandaluminumcanslessthan24ounces.Foritems

over24ounces,youcanearn10centseach.

C

IntheStates,tourismisclearlynotanenvironmentally“clean"industiy.Peopledonotjuslshow

up,spend18(they)moneyandleave.Instead,theyshowup,andiftheyhavemoremoneythan

thelocalsdo,theymoveinandtellafriend.Somorepeopleareattracted19thisplaceandmore

homesarebuiltforthem.Butthesehomesareoftenpricingoutthelocals.Thehospitalityindustrydoes

createjobs,hutmanyofthesejobsdon'tpayalot.Thetaxesthatcomefromtourism20(use)tofix

theproblemsthattourismcausesinthefirstplace.

高三年级（英语）第2页（共1（）页）

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）

第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该

项涂黑。

A

DearColleague,

IamwritingwithinformationaboutBACUniversitySummerTerm'sfourexcitingprogramsfor

highschoolstudents.Theseprogramsprovidetheopportunitytostudyataworld-renowneduniversity,

strengthenEnglish-languageskillsandenjoysummerinBoston.Hereisabriefoverviewofour

programs:

HighSchoolHonorsisasix-weekresidentialoronlineprograminwhichstudentstakeBAC

Universityundergraduatecoursesandearnupto8transferablecollegecredits.Studentsmustbe

enteringGrades10-12infall2024.

AcademicImmersion（AIM）isathree-weeknon-creditresidentialprogramforstudentstofocus

intensivelyonasingleacademictopic.ThissummerweareofferingthreeAIMtracks:Introductionto

ExperimentalPsychology,IntroductiontoMedicine,andCreativeWriting.Allthreetrackscombine

classroomworkwithhands-onexperientiallearningactivities.StudentsmustbeenteringGrade11or

Grade12infall2024.

SummerChallengeisatwo-weekresidentialoronlineprograminwhichstudentstaketwo

non-creditseminarsoftheirchoiceandexperiencecollegelife.StudentsmustbeenteringGrade

12infall2024.

SummerPreviewisaone-weeknon-creditresidentialprograminwhichstudentsexploreone

subjectofinterestwhilepreviewingthecollegeexperience.StudentsmustbeenteringGrade9orGrade

10infall2024.

OurSummerTerm'sprogramsprovidestudentswithrigorousandcollaborativecollegelife

experiencesthatenablethemtogainastrongsenseoftheirpersonalandacademicpotential.Every

year,ourstudentsformstrongfriendshipsastheyundertakechallengingcourseworkandparticipatein

socialevents.

Ihaveenclosedaposterandaprogrambrochure.Ihopeyouwillsharethisinformationwithyour

students.Pleasefeelfreetocontactusviaemailatsummerhs@ifyouhaveanyquestionsabout

ourprograms.

Warmly,

AmandaNelson

AssociateDirector

BACUniversitySummerTerm

高三年级（英语）第3页（共10页）

21.AGrade11studentinfall2024whoprefersonlineprogramscouldchoose.

A.HighSchoolHonorsB.AcademicImmersion

C.SummerChallengeD.SummerPreview

22.Accordingtothepassage,studentscan.

A.getatleast8transferablecreditsinHighSchoolHonors

B.gainbothknowledgeandpracticalexperienceinAIM

C.earncreditsfromthecoursesinSummerChallenge

D.engageinin-depthresearchinSummerPreview

23.What'sAmandaNelson'spurposeinwritingtheletter?

A.Toevaluateasummercamp.B.Topromotepre-collegeprograms.

C.Torecommenduniversitycourses.D.Tointroducecollegelearningprojects.

B

Inearly2018,IwastrainingfortheLondonMarathon——thefirstandonlymarathonIwouldever

runinmylife.Ihadtreatedmyselftoanexpensivefitnesswatchthattrackedmytime,paceandsplits.

Attheendofmyfinaltrainingrun——anexhausting21miles(34km)——Ithrewmyselfdownonthe

floorthemomentIgothome,onlytoseemywatchhadfailedme.Twenty-onemilesbrieflyflashedon

thescreenbeforeitwentblankanddisappearedforever.Iscreamedinpain.Thattragicimageofme

cryingonmylivingroomfloorprettymuchsumsupmyrelationshipwithexercisetrackingtechnology.

Itcanbeatotaljoytowatchyourdatachangeonrunningappsasyougetstrongerandfaster.I

oncegotakickoutofit,hutatsomepointitbecameastickIusedtopunishmyself.Iwouldwatch

mypace,compareitwithotherpeople'sorcriticizemyselffornotdoingit30secondsfaster.Inever

reallyrecognizedexercisetrackingasaproblem.Itseemedtomethattrackingwastheroutetoself­

improvement,andthepointwastoimprove,wasn'tit?Thepointwastohebetter.

Inthepastyear,theconceptof“beingbetter“hastakenonadifferentmeaning.Mymentalhealth

dropped,andthingsthatwereonceeasysuchasbrushingmyteethbecameunimaginablydifficult.

Beingbetterstoppedmeaninggettingfasterorstronger.Itmeanttakingcareofmyselfandfeelingsome

joyinaday.OnceIstartedgettingbetter,Ireflectedonwhatinmylifemademehappyandwhatdid

not.So,Istoppedtrackingmyrunsandsimplydeletedyears9worthofdatathatwasonceveryimportant

tomeandnowmeantnothing.

WhathasbecomeverycleartomesinceIquittrackingmyrunsisthatIgenuinelylovedoing

them.Irunaroundmylocalparkwithasillylittlesmileonmyface.Iloveitsomuch.ButIdonotlove

runningquickly.Idonotlikeraces.Idonotwanttobepushedtobefaster.Things1noticeaboutmy

runsnowinclude:howmylegsfeelandhowmymindfeelsafterwards-clearandfocused.Inoticedogs,

thesmellofthewildplantsalongthecanalandthesunshine(OK,windandrain)onmyface.

Iambetter.OrsometimesIamworse.ButeitherwayFmslowlyploddingalong,andthat'sgood

enough.

高三年级（英语）第4页（共10页）

24.Theauthorcriedafterthefinaltrainingrunbecauseshe.

A.hadtostopworkingoutB.becamephysicallywornout

C.lostthedataonthewatchD.feltasharppaininthelegs

25.Theauthorusedtoviewexercisetrackingas.

A.afunhobbyforenjoymentB.astrongneedforrecognition

C.amethodofescapingpunishmentD.awayofbeingabetterrunner

26.Whatdoes"beingbetter”meantotheauthornow?

A.Gettingpleasureoutofwinningraces.B.Beingmorefocusedonherlifegoal,

C.Freeingherselffromdemandingtasks.D.Improvingheroverallwell-being.

27.Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?

A.Adjustmentbringshappiness.B.Passionisthekeytosuccess.

C.Sportscontributetohappiness.D.Successequalsself-improvement.

C

AshighereducationleadersdivedeeperintotheconversationonDigitalTransformationand

Education4.0,theyarealsolearninghowtoincorporatetheDigitalTwinsrealmconceptintotheir

curricula,becauseDigitalTwintechnologycanservetheuniversityofthefuture.

ADigitalTwinisavirtualrepresentationofarealobjectorsystemwhichisupdatedfromreal-time

dataandusesmachinelearning,simulation（模拟），andreasoningtohelpdecision-making.Inother

words,aDigitalTwincancreateahighlycomplexvirtualmodelwhichistheexactreplicaofaphysical

thing.Connectedsensorsonasmartcampuscancollectdatainrealtime.Thisdataisusedtocreatea

mapontothevirtualmodel,thuscreatingaDigitalTwinofacampus.Whenschooladministratorslook

attheDigitalTwin,theycanseecrucialinformationabouthowtherealcampusisdoing.

TheapplicationsforDigitalTwintechnologydonotstopthere.Studentsandfacultycanbenefit

fromusingthetechnologyaswell.Forexample,hybridclassroomshavebecomemoreandmorecommon

nowadays.Digitaltechnologieshaveacceleratedthetransitionintotheuniversityofthefuture.Digital

Twintechnology,oneofthetrendingtechnologiesrelatedtoIndustry4.0,helpsfacultycreatesimulation

modelsbasedoncourserequirements.

DigitalTwintechnologymakestheultimateimmersivelearningexperiencepossible.Byusing

aDigitalTwin,studentscanlearnhighlyengagingtaskswhichcanbetoodangerous,complex,or

expensivefortheclassroom.Ratherthanhands-onlaboratorydissectionofaphysicalfrogtolearn

animalscienceorhavingtowaitforavailablehumanorgansinthehealthsciencelah,medicalstudents

canusethevirtualtwinofananimalorhumanorgansfortheirstudy.

Thecomplexityofchemistryormicrobiologyrequiresstudentstobetotallyengaged.Byusing

高三年级（英语）第5页（共10页）

DigitalTwinsinaVirtualRealitysimulatedlearningexperience,facultycanachieveamaximum

levelofengagementhelpingeachstudentlearnabstractconceptsintheirownuniquewayandmuch

faster.Byrunningsimulations,studentscanbetterexploresystembehaviorunderdifferentconditions,

understandfailureanddevelopanunderstandingofsystemsensibilitiesaswellashowchangesinthe

systemparameters（参数）andexternaldisruptionsmakeanimpactontheresults.

Someuniversities,suchasStanfordandCopenhagenSchoolofMarineEngineering,have

incorporatedDigitalTwintechnologyintotheirteachingcurricula,applyingittodisciplineslike

architectureandengineeringastheybelievetheyaretherealityoftheindustry.Overall,thisenhances

studentmotivation,acceleratesunderstanding,andimprovestheoveralllearningexperience.Moreover,

theindustryencouragesuniversitiestoincorporateeducationalDigitalTwinsinautomationtogive

studentstheinitialunderstandingoftoolsandskillstheywillneedintheirfuture.

28.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph2thatDigitalTwins.

A.remainaconceptB.arevirtualcopiesofrealobjects

C.representfutureeducationD.canoperatecampusesremotely

29.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmighttheauthoragreewith?

A.Education4.0facilitatesthedevelopmentofDigitalTwins.

B.Newtechnologyposespotentialthreatstocollegeteachers.

C.DigitalTwintechnologyinhighereducationisonthehorizon.

D.VirtualclassroomshavegrowninpopularityunderIndustiy4.0.

30.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?

高三年级（英语）第6页（共10页）

D

Theideathatweneedtoeatmeattogetenoughproteinandiron,afalseassumptionofsomePaleo

diet（原始饮食）advocates,isacommonmisconception.Itignorestheabundanceofproteinandironin

manyplant-basedfoodssuchasnutsandseeds.Likewise,whilewetypicallyassociateomega-3fatty

acidswithfish,fishthemselvesincorporatetheseintotheirtissuebyeatingseaweed,whichwecan

consumedirectlywithouttheconcernsofexposuretomicroplasticsinfishflesh.

Indeed,awhole-food,plant-baseddietcanprovideallessentialnutrientsexceptforvitaminBl2,

madebybacteriainsoilandingestedhyanimals,therebyincorporatedintotheirtissue,milk,andeggs.

Whilemodernsanitationallowshumanstoconsumecleanproduceunpollutedbydirt,wecaneasilyand

英

cheaplyobtainoralB12supplements.

Evidently,significantlyreducingourconsumptionofmeatwouldcarryvastbenefits.Cardiovascular

diseaseremainstheleadingcauseofdeatharoundtheworld.Eatinghighlyprocessedfoodsandred

meathasbeenrepeatedlydemonstratedtopromoteunderlyingmechanismsofcancerandcardiovascular

disease,suchasinflammation（炎症）anddamagetotheliningofbloodvessels（血管）.

Mountingevidencepointstothebenefitsofawhole-food,plant-baseddiet.Studiesfrom2017

foundthatavegetariandietisassociatedwitha25percentrelativeriskreductionforcoronaryheart

diseaseandan8percentrelativeriskreductionforcancer,withavegandietrelatedtoa15percent

relativeriskreductionforcancer.TheWorielHealthOrganizationhasclassifiedprocessedmeatas

carcinogenic（致癌的）,and（unprocessed）redmeatasprobablycarcinogenictohumans.

Inadditiontoharmingourselves,eatingmeatharmsothers.Factoiyfarmingpracticesoftenentail

unspeakablecrueltytoanimals,andworkingconditionsforhumanlaborersareoftenunsafeand

inhumaneaswell.Overcrowdingoflivestockandworkerspromotesthespreadofdiseaseamongboth

peopleandanimals,puttingusallatriskforfuturepandemics.Theoveruseof“routine“antibiotics（抗

生素）toaccelerateanimalgrowthandprecautiouslytreattheinfectionsanticipatedasaresultofliving

inuncleanandovercrowdedconditionscanpromoteantibioticresistance.

Whilelarge-scale,well-coordinatednationalandinternationalactionisundoubtedlyneededto

fightunscrupulousfactoryfarmingpractices-andtoensuretheavailabilityofnutritiousandhealthy

foodforallcitizens,thosewithgreaterinfluence,suchasphysicians,educatorsandpolicymakers,

shouldconsidertheimportanceofactingasrolemodelsforhealthybehaviorsthemselvesaswellas

advocatingforpoliciesthatensurebetternutrilionalaccessandeducationforothers.

Alloftheseshouldnotbeexcusesforindividualstoresistimplementingchangeintheirownlives

andcommunities.Societieschangewhenenoughindividualswithinthemaltertheirbehavior,anditis

uptoeachofustoactasachangeagentinwhatevercapacitywecan.Wewouldallbewellservedto

pullthisleverinourownlivesaswell.

高三年级（英语）第7页（共1（）页）

31.Theauthorwritesthefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyto.

A.showtheconcernsofPaleodietadvocates

B.comparethedifferencesbetweentwodiets

C.highlighttheimportanceofnutritionintake

D.pointoutamisunderstandinginnutritionsource

32.Whichofthefollowinglogicchainsisreasonableaccordingtothepassage?

oralB12

vitaminB12—►animaltissue—cleanproduce—>►supplementsin

insoilnumans

Bprocessedfoodfinflammationfbloodvlssels-heartdiseases

avegetarianreductionoflowerriskof—avegandiet

dietheartdiseasescancers

overcrowdedspreadofoveruseofantibiotic

conditionsdiseasesantibioticsresistance

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unscrupulous“inParagraph6probablymean?

A.Illegal.B.Unfair.C.Immoral.D.Unnecessary.

34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AMeatlessDietIsBetterforYouB.FoodProblemsCallforJointEfforts

C.SayNotoProcessedMeatConsumptionI）.EatableGreensorNot?ThatIsaQuestion

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项

涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Wehumansarecomparisoncreatures.35Thisqualitymayhaveevolvedasameansofhelping

usfitintothesocialhierarchy（等级）oftheculturesweinhabited.Regardlessofthereasons,social

comparisonplaysasignificantroleinhowweviewandevaluateourselves,andhowweinteractwithour

world.

Itusedtobethatourprimaryreferenceofcomparisonwasourlocalcommunities,primarily

neighborsandco-workers.Becausewetendtogatheraroundthosesimilartoourselvesintermsof

educationallevel,workincome,andsharedinterests,therangeofdifferenceswhenwecompared

ourselvestootherswasfairlysmall.Unfortunately,withtheemergenceoftheInternet,wecannow

compareourselvestoliterallyanyoneintheworld.36Whathadinpreviousgenerationsbeena

smallgapinourcomparisonshasnowbecomesolargeandunattainable.

高三年级（英语）第8页（共1（）页）

37WhensomanypeoplethatareeasilydiscoverableontheInternetseemtobesosuccessful,

famous,influentialandbeautiful,givenourpreferencetocompare,itisdifficultnottohaveitinfluence

howweviewourselves.Sadly,thesecomparisonsusuallyresultinourfeelinginadequateand”less

than”.

Theseharmfulcomparisonsalsodamageouremotionallives.Whenwefeellacking,weexperiencea

varietyofunpleasantandunhealthyemotions.Wefeeljealousyandenvyforwhatothershaveandwhat

welack.38

Il'sonethingtorealizethatyoucompareyourselftoothers.It'sanotherthingtorecognize

thatsocialcomparisonisoftencorrosive（逐步侵蚀的）toyouinsomanywayspsychologicallyand

英

emotionally.It'sanentirelyotherthingtostopyourselffromcomparingyourselftoothers.39

A.Weareconstantlymeasuringourselvesagainstotherpeople.

B.Yetitispossible,anditisworththeeffortloryourmentalhealth.

C.Thus,wearenowexposedtogroupsthatarequitedifferentfromus.

I）.Webelievethatthereissomethingwrongwithuscomparedtoothers.

E.Wecanevenfeelbitternessandangeratothersfortheunfairnessofitall.

F.Comparingourselvestoothershasthepotentialtoincreaseourlifeexperience.

C.Thisnewlevelofcomparisonhashugeimplicationsforourpsychologicallives.

第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域内作答。

Egocentrismistheinabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandanyperspectiveotherthanone'sown.Tothose

whoareegocentric,therearetwotypesofopinions:"mineandthewrongones”.

Egocentrismisveryunpleasant.Sufferingfromit,peopleoftenfindthemselvesinasituationof

conflictorlonelinessbecausetheydonotrecognizetherightsofotherstotheirpersonalfeelings,

desires,andinterests.Theyalsofailtolookatcircumstancesfromtheotherperson'sside.

Humanitymustovercomeittoseeaholistic（全面的）pictureoftheworldandobjectiveiyassess

situations.Itisessentialtobeafair-mindedindividualsinceegocentrismisaqualitythatisnoteasyto

livewith,makingithardforustointeractwithpeopleandmoveforward.

Actually,overcomingthisdisturbingqualityhasalwaysbeenmypursuit.Themaingoalinmylife

isbasedonthesearchforinnerbalance,harmony,positivity,andtherightattitudetolifecases.Thus,

Iwillbeabletoimprovemylifeandhelpotherpeopleinthepracticeofthisaspect.Moreover,Ioften

remindmyselftoacceptdifferencesandrememberthatacorrectattitudetodifferentpersonalities,their

preferences,andinterestsleadstosuccessinanytasks.

高三年级（英语）第9页（共1（）页）

Theformationanddevelopmentofafairmindcanbepracticedalmosteverywhere.Forexample,

inagrocerystore,weneedtoputourselvesintheplaceoftheseller'sandshouldnotimmediatelytake

offenseandarguewhenwearegivenanunripebananaorburntbread.Itisimportanttorememberthat

asellerisnotobligedtoplayalongatall;thisisthesamepersonwithhisuniquenature.

Noteveryoneagreeswitheveryoneelse,hutifyouabsolutelyrefusetoconsideranotherperson's

perspective,ihat'swhenegocentrismbecomesaseriousconcern.Sowhynottrytocorrectthisbehavior

andbemorefair-minded?

40.Whatisegocentrism?

41.Whydoesegocentrismoftenleadtoconflicts?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

>Egocentrismbecomesaproblemwhensomeonedoesn9tagreewithothers.

43.Pleaseshareoneofyourownexperiencesaboutyourpracticingbeingfair-minded.(Inabout

40words)

第二节(20分)

假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。你校将在春节期间举行中外学生联欢会。请你用英文写

一封邮件通知交换生，内容包括：

1.目的与安排；

2.报名方式。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dearfriends,

Sincerely,

LiHua