浙江省温州市2024年高二上学期期末教学质量统ー检测英语试题含解析

2024学年第一学期温州市高二期末教学质量统一检测英语试题本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。第I卷1至8页，第Ⅱ卷9至10页。第I卷注意事项：1.答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卷上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试题卷上，否则无效。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卷上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whenwillthefootballprogrambegin?A.At7：00.B.At8：25.C.At9：30.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Attheairport.B.Inthemuseum.C.Intheamusementpark.3.WhatisthewomanadvisedtogiveMary?A.Flowers.B.Abook.C.Acat.4.Howmanyblockswillthemanhavetowalk?A.Fiveblocks.B.Threeblocks.C.Twoblocks.5.Whyisthemanhere?A.Toreturnaform.B.Tobuyacomputer.C.Tofindapart-timejob.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aredplanet.B.Aspecialvillage.C.Athemepark.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheproject?A.It'sworthwhile.B.It'sinexpensive.C.It'shuge.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthemancomplainingabout?A.Badroadconditions.B.Longhours'drive.C.Moretrafficaccidents.9Howdoesthewomangotoworknow?A.Onfoot.B.Bybike.C.Bycar.10.What'stheman'sviewaboutself-drivingcars?A.Theyaremuchfaster.B.Theyaremuchsafer.C.Theyaremuchcheaper.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Coachandathlete.C.Husbandandwife.12.Whatistrueaboutthewoman'sweight?A.Thesameasbefore.B.Lighterthanbefore.C.Heavierthanbefore.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Gorunning.B.Bookaplace.C.Buythebike.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inastudio.B.Athome.C.Inarestaurant.15.HowmanycoursesdospecialItalianmealshave?A.Oneortwo.B.Threeorfour.C.Seventonine.16.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutItalianfood?A.Special.B.Wonderful.C.Justso-so.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatisGeorge?A.Aguide.B.Ateacher.C.Awriter.18.Whatdoesthespeakertalkaboutatthebeginning?A.Problems.B.Rules.C.Activities.19.Whichbookwaswrittenin1884?A.LifeontheMississippi.B.TheAdventuresofTomSawyer.C.TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn.20.WhatdidmostAmericansthinkofMarkTwainasawriter?A.Rude.B.Humorous.C.Critical.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AIn1868,six-year-oldLauraandherfamilysetsailfromNewBedford.Thelittlegirlwastakentosharetheadventureandthedangeroflifeatseabyhisfather,CaptainJernegan,whowasunwillingtobeseparatedfromhisfamilywhenhewasgoingtohuntthemightiestanimalonearth.Laurawasakeenobserverandwriter,whosediaryoffersalookintoherunusualchildhood.Laurawasfascinatedbyherfather'sjob.Whentheship'slookoutspottedawhale,"Ihopeweshallgethim,"shewrote.Shewatchedasthemenrushedtotheirwhaleboatsandchasedthewhaletowithinharpooning(鱼叉)distance.Once,theyharpoonedawhalesohugethathisheadwas"asbigasfourwholeroomsandhisbodyaslongasoneship,"Laurawrote.Huntingwhaleswasonlyonepartofawhaleman'sjob.Assoonasawhalewascaught,thecrewbeganthehardanddirtyworkofprocessingit.Thewhalebodysmelled"dreadfully,"notedLaura.Theprocessingofthewhalewasfinallyfinishedwhenthecooledoilwasspoonedintobarrels.Onehugewhaleproducedenoughoiltofillseventy-fivebarrels,shenotedindisbelief.WhentheJernegansreturnedhome,theoilwouldbesoldforthebestpricepossible.Whaleoilwasimportantduringthenineteenthcenturywhenitwasusedtolightlampsandtomakecandles.Whalingwasbothexcitingandexhausting.Yetitalsohaditsslowmoments.Weekscouldgobywithoutsomuchasaglimpseofawhale.ThenLaurafilledherdayswithschoollessonsandsewing.WhenLaurawasgrown,sheneverwentwhalingagain.Bythen,petrolhadalreadyreplacedwhaleoil.Thisera,calledthegoldenageofwhaling,wasover.Sowastheeraofentirefamiliesgoingtosea.YetLaura'sdiaryhashelpedtoensurethatthischapterinAmerica'sseafaringhistorywon'tbeforgotten.1WhydidLaurasetsailwithherfather?A.ShewasakeenobserverandwriterB.Shewasfascinatedbyhisfather'sjob.C.HisfatherwouldhuntthemightiestanimalDHerfatherwantedthefamilytostaytogether.2.Whatdoweknowfromtheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4?A.Laurawastiredofschoollessons. B.Ittookweekstohuntahugewhale.C.Nowhalescouldbespottedforweeks D.Theprocessingofthewhalewasslow.3.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesLaura'sdiary?A.Significant B.DreadfulC.Conventional. D.Practical.BSincethe1970s,bodymassindex(BMI)hasbeenwidelyusedasvitaldatatomonitorourhealthcondition.BMIiscalculatedfromyourheightandweight,usedasanestimateofbodyfatandagoodevaluationofyourriskfordiseasesthatcanoccurwithmorebodyfat.ThehigheryourBMI,thehigheryourriskforcertaindiseasessuchasheartdisease,highbloodpressure,type2diabetes,andbreathingproblems.Evenasmallweightloss,between5and10percentofyourcurrentweight,willhelploweryourriskofdevelopingdiseasesassociatedwithobesity.However,manyresearchersarguethatwe'vebeenoverlookingthelimitationsofBMI,sinceBMIaloneisn'talwaysagoodindicatorofcardiovascular(心血管的)risk.Forexample,anathletic,muscularpersoncouldhaveahighBMIbutahealthyheart.Conversely,manypeoplelosemusclewithage,whichcouldlowertheirBMIdespitehighbodyfatlevels.Agroupofworldwideexpertsreleasedastatementinearly2020suggestingthatmeasuringpatients'waistsalsohelpsscreenforpossiblehealthrisksthatcomewithoverweightandobesity.Ifmostofyourfatisaroundyourwaistratherthanatyourhips,you'reatahigherriskforheartdiseaseandtype2diabetes.Thisriskgoesupwithawaistsizethatisgreaterthan35inchesforwomenorgreaterthan40inchesformen.Tocorrectlymeasureyourwaist,standandplaceatapemeasurearoundyourmiddle,justaboveyourhipbones.Measureyourwaistjustafteryoubreatheout.SoalthoughBMIcanbeuseful,addingwaistcircumference(腰围)tothepictureclarifiesyourriskprofile.Fortunately,waistsizetendstogodownevenifyourweightdoesn't.4.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Weightloss. B.Bodymassindex.C.Healthproblems. D.Risksfordiseases.5.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Waistsizetendstogodowneasily.B.AlowerBMIindicatesahealthyheart.C.Highbodyfatlevelbuildsupourmuscle.D.BMIhaslimitationsinhealthassessment.6.Whatislikelytobetalkedaboutnext?A.Adviceonahealthydiet. B.Waystomeasurewaist.C.Tipsforreducingwaistline. D.Methodsoflosingweight.CSomepeoplecan'twaitforthelovelycolors,coolerweather,andcozysweatersofautumn.Infact,fallisAmericans'favoritetime,butforaminorityofothers,thetransitionfromsummercreatesworry,fearandworse.AccordingtoCarrieLandin,apsychologistfromtheUniversityofColoradoHealthIntegrativeMedicineCenter,asignificantnumberofpeopleactuallyexperienceautumnanxiety.Forsomepeople,stressistriggered(触发)byenvironmentalfactors:Decreasesindaylightcausechemicalchangesinthebrain."Lessdaylightleadstolowerlevelsofchemicalslikeserotoninanddopaminethatcontrolouremotions,"saysKimberlyAsner-self,associateprofessoratTouroColleges`SchoolofHealthSciences."Asthesechemicalsdrop,thebodyrespondsbyincreasinglevelsofcortisol.thehormonereleasedinsituationswherewefacethreat."Theresultcanbeanincreasedanxiety,difficultysleepinganddepression.Butit'snotjustincreasingdarknessthatcantriggerthesesymptoms.Forpeoplewhofeelthiswayeveryyear,someofthereactionismental."Whenweknowthere'sthepotentialforstressaheadwetendtoanticipatetheproblems,feelinganxiousbeforetheyevenhappen,"Landinsays.Thefallfeaturesmorethanitsfairshareofimpending(迫在眉睫)events:backtoschoolatthebeginningoftheseasonandfamilyget-togetherstowardtheend.MayraMendez,apsychologistfromProvidenceSaintJohnsHealthCenter,suggestsidentifyingyourpersonaltriggersandmakingaplantomanagethembeforetheyfeeloverwhelming.Forinstance,ifyou'reconcernedaboutfamilyissuesandholidayparties,decideinadvancethatit'sperfectlyOKtosaynotosomeofthem.Iffall'sstricterworkandschoolschedulesmakeyouanxious,planregularbreaksandvacationstolookforwardto.Finally,youshouldalsofindwaystoembracethepresentmoment.Remember:whileautumnmaythrowyouafewtricks,thereareplentyoftreatstobefoundtoo.7.Whatmaybethecauseofautumnanxiety?A.Coolerweather. B.Lessdaylight.C.Sleepdifficulties. D.Vacationplans.8.Landin'swordsarementionedinparagraph3toshow__________.A.potentialstresscanbepredictable B.stresscanbetriggeredbychemicalsC.depressionisrelatedtofamilyissues D.anxietycanbecausedbymentalfactors9.Whatdoestheauthorprobablythinkofautumnstress?A.Manageable. B.Overwhelming.C.Troublesome. D.Beneficial.10.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SeasonalAnxiety B.TricksorTreatsC.TheAutumnBlues D.CharacteristicsofFall第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。At11:50,thebellrings.Westudentsrushtothecanteenatanamazingspeedtoenjoyourlunch.Haveweeverstoppedtoseewhathappensafterthemeal?Theidealpicturewouldbethis:thechefseeshishardworkbeingrewardedwhenpilesofempty,usedplatesarereturnedtothekitchenafterthemeal.Sadly,thisisnotacommonsight.Wewillfind,instead,amountainofleftoversinthewastebins.___11___

Thisirresponsiblefoodwastedeedcanneverbetolerated.Itreflectspoorlyonourhygiene(卫生)practice.___12___Let'slearnfromaMichelin-starJapanesechefwhosaysthathewillalwaysrespectthefishhecooks.Why?___13___Hecanfullyunderstandthedangerswhichthefishermanconstantlyfacesinordertosupplythefishtohim.Therefore,bynotwastinganypartofthefish,andbycookingexcellentlyeverytime,thechefisappreciatingthefisherman'sefforts.___14___Justthinkofthepoorandhomelesswhohavenoteatenfordaysduetoawaroranaturaldisasterthatmayhavewipedouthomesandfamilies.Think.Wouldn'titbegoodifwesharedourfood.insteadofthrowingawaywhatwecan'tfinish?Now.theEnvironmentalClubwouldlikeusstudentstohelptheneedy.Insteadofbuyinglargequantitiesoffoodwemightnotbeabletofinish,buyasmallamount;wecanalsopackfoodfromhomeorbuycannedfoodorbiscuitstogivetotheneedy.___15___Let'srespectourfoodandsharethejoyoflivingwellthroughgivingfoodtothoseinneed.A.It'stimetoplayourparttostopfoodwastage.B.Youcantryyourbesttosharefoodwiththeneedy.C.Someunfinishedfoodistakenawaytothedormitory.D.Simply,herecognizesthesacrificesthefishermanmakes.E.Similarly,weshouldrespectandappreciateourfoodmore.F.Andsomeofthesefoodshavenoteventouchedthediner'slips.G.Italsoshowsthatlittlethoughthasbeenputinpreventingfoodwastage.第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。Sixyearsago,Iwasacomicactress.Oneday.Iwasaskedtobea(n)___16___forAvon,acompanythatdoesremarkablethingsforwomenworldwide.Therole___17___travelandaseriesofspeakingengagementsalongsidesome___18___andaccomplishedwomen.Themissionseemedlikeanamazing___19___,anditcouldnothavebeenclosertomyheart.However,___20___leaningin,Ifoundmyselfleaningback.Theideaofspeakinginfrontofacrowd___21___me.Iconsideredlettingtheopportunitypassme___22___.Butaninnervoiceinmyearkept___23___,“Really?You'regoingtoletthisgo?Becauseyou'reafraid?”Idiscussedmy___24___withmyfamilyandmyteam,andtheycamebacktomewiththe____25____,“Youcandoanything.Justjump!”Iwas____26____byhowsupportiveeveryonewas,andhowmuchthey____27____me.Intheend,Ilistenedtomyheart.____28____,IknewIneededtofacemyfearsand____29____thechallenge.SoIjumped.IcanstillrememberwhenIgavemyfirst____30____attheUNofallplaces!InmyroleasAvon'snewglobalambassador,Iwas____31____nervous.IcouldbarelyspeakasIwalkeduptothestage.MyspeechpaperrattledaudiblyinmyhandbecauseIwas____32____sohard.IwasnotsurehowImadeittotheendbutIfelt____33____asIwalkedawayfromthestage.The____34____isthatmypapershookforalmosttwoyears____35____Ieventuallygotusedtospeakinginfrontofacrowd.16.A.actress B.ambassador C.celebrity D.clerk17.A.recognized B.recommended C.required D.revealed18.A.crazy B.powerful C.gentle D.hardworking19.A.opportunity B.practice C.adventure D.challenge20.A.regardlessof B.becauseof C.inspiteof D.insteadof21.A.terrified B.shocked C.excited D.disappointed22.A.on B.through C.away D.by23.A.jumping B.shouting C.laughing D.whispering24.A.missions B.beliefs C.fears D.hopes25.A.advice B.offer C.favor D.alternative26A.touched B.shocked C.bothered D.puzzled27.A.lookedafter B.dependedon C.believedin D.turnedto28.A.Aboveall B.Deepdown C.Inreturn D.Overtime29.A.ignore B.abandon C.accept D.switch30A.speech B.chance C.task D.choice31.A.slightly B.barely C.hardly D.extremely32.A.digging B.trying C.shaking D.striking33.A.exhausted B.relieved C.embarrassed D.amused34.A.idea B.story C.truth D.lesson35.A.before B.after C.unless D.when第Ⅱ卷注意：将答案写在答题卷上。写在本试卷上无效。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Birdsarehighlyintelligentcreatures,withcomplexandspecializedformsofcommunication.Eachspecieshas___36___uniquewayofusingbodylanguageandvocalizations(发声)tocommunicate.However,therearesomethings___37___birdsdoingeneralthatyoucanunderstand.Ifyoupayattentiontoyour___38___(bird)regularmannerisms,youwillbeabletoidentifywhentheyhavechanged.Also,youneedtolookattheirmovementsorbehaviorsincontext___39___(understand)them.Ifyoucandothis,you___40___(be)closertounderstandingwhatyourfeatheredfriendistryingtocommunicatetoyou.Birdsare___41___(typical)verycleancreaturesandtheyspendalotoftimecleaning,preeningandgroomingtheirfeathers.Thisisnaturalself-carebehaviorthatisimportantforbirdstodo.Bathingisanimportantpartoffeathermaintenanceforbirds.Ifyourbirdstops___42___(bathe)itself,thatisasignthatitisnolongertakingcareof___43___(it).Thiscouldsignaldepression,bodypain,orlackofmobility.Abirdthatissingingorwhistlingalotislikelyveryhappy.Abirdthatis___44___(satisfy)islikelytochatterortalkalot.Infact,ifyouspendtime____45____them,theyarelikelytoincreasethischatterwhenyoucomearound.第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)46.假设你的英国朋友Peter对你近日朋友圈(Moments)的一组游玩照片很感兴趣，留言询问相关信息。请你回复，内容包括：1.游玩经过；2.你的感受。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节：读后续写(满分25分)47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Michellefinishedplayingthelastnote,thenbowedtothestuffedanimals(填充玩偶)onherbed.“There,threetimesinarowwithnomistakes,”shesaid.“IjusthopeIcanplayitthatwellattherecital(演奏会).”Injustanhourshewouldbeplayingherfirstsolo(独奏),andthethoughtwasgivingherbutterflies.“You’reluckyyoudon’thavetoplaybyyourselfinfrontofeverybody,”shesaid,smoothingLeatheLeopard’sspottedfurandpattingSee-moreGiraffeonthehead.Then,gazingdownatthesmilingfaceofZoeytheZebra,Michellescolded,“You’reabighelp.Howcanyoubesohappyatatimelikethis?”Lookingattheanimals,shesighed,“Iwishyoucouldallcomewithme.”Shegavethemonelastglanceandwenttojoinherparentsinthecar.Onthewaytoschool.Michellekeptquiet.“Ismyfavoritefirst-gradergettingnervous?”herdadasked,smiling.Michelledidn’tanswer.Shewastryingtopicturewhatitwouldbeliketoplayinfrontofallthoseaudience.“You’lldofine,”saidMom.“Thefirsttimeisalwaysthehardest.”Whentheyarrivedattheauditorium,Michelleheadedbackstage.Shehandedherviolintoherteacherfortuning.Lookingout,shesawalltheseatswerefilled.Nowherstomachwasreallydoingflip-flops.NervouslyshetookherviolinfromMrs.Allenandsatwiththeotherstudentsonstage.Shegulpedasherteacherpickedupthemicrophonetobegintheprogram.Onebyonethestudentsplayedtheirpieces.Finally,MichelleheardMrs.Allenannounce,“OurlaststudenttonightwillbeMichelleMerrick,whowillplayBach’sMinuetinGMajor.”注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph1:Michelle’sheartpoundedasshewalkedtowardthefrontofthestage.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Morerelaxednow,sherememberedherpiece.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024学年第一学期温州市高二期末教学质量统一检测英语试题本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。第I卷1至8页，第Ⅱ卷9至10页。第I卷注意事项：1.答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卷上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试题卷上，否则无效。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卷上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whenwillthefootballprogrambegin?A.At7：00.B.At8：25.C.At9：30.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Attheairport.B.Inthemuseum.C.Intheamusementpark.3.WhatisthewomanadvisedtogiveMary?A.Flowers.B.Abook.C.Acat.4.Howmanyblockswillthemanhavetowalk?A.Fiveblocks.B.Threeblocks.C.Twoblocks.5.Whyisthemanhere?A.Toreturnaform.B.Tobuyacomputer.C.Tofindapart-timejob.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aredplanet.B.Aspecialvillage.C.Athemepark.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheproject?A.It'sworthwhile.B.It'sinexpensive.C.It'shuge.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthemancomplainingabout?A.Badroadconditions.B.Longhours'drive.C.Moretrafficaccidents.9.Howdoesthewomangotoworknow?A.Onfoot.B.Bybike.C.Bycar.10.What'stheman'sviewaboutself-drivingcars?A.Theyaremuchfaster.B.Theyaremuchsafer.C.Theyaremuchcheaper.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Coachandathlete.C.Husbandandwife.12.Whatistrueaboutthewoman'sweight?A.Thesameasbefore.B.Lighterthanbefore.C.Heavierthanbefore.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Gorunning.B.Bookaplace.C.Buythebike.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inastudio.B.Athome.C.Inarestaurant.15HowmanycoursesdospecialItalianmealshave?A.Oneortwo.B.Threeorfour.C.Seventonine.16.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutItalianfood?A.Special.B.Wonderful.C.Justso-so.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatisGeorge?A.Aguide.B.Ateacher.C.Awriter.18.Whatdoesthespeakertalkaboutatthebeginning?A.Problems.B.Rules.C.Activities.19.Whichbookwaswrittenin1884?A.LifeontheMississippi.B.TheAdventuresofTomSawyer.C.TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn.20.WhatdidmostAmericansthinkofMarkTwainasawriter?A.Rude.B.Humorous.C.Critical.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AIn1868,six-year-oldLauraandherfamilysetsailfromNewBedford.Thelittlegirlwastakentosharetheadventureandthedangeroflifeatseabyhisfather,CaptainJernegan,whowasunwillingtobeseparatedfromhisfamilywhenhewasgoingtohuntthemightiestanimalonearth.Laurawasakeenobserverandwriter,whosediaryoffersalookintoherunusualchildhood.Laurawasfascinatedbyherfather'sjob.Whentheship'slookoutspottedawhale,"Ihopeweshallgethim,"shewrote.Shewatchedasthemenrushedtotheirwhaleboatsandchasedthewhaletowithinharpooning(鱼叉)distance.Once,theyharpoonedawhalesohugethathisheadwas"asbigasfourwholeroomsandhisbodyaslongasoneship,"Laurawrote.Huntingwhaleswasonlyonepartofawhaleman'sjob.Assoonasawhalewascaught,thecrewbeganthehardanddirtyworkofprocessingit.Thewhalebodysmelled"dreadfully,"notedLaura.Theprocessingofthewhalewasfinallyfinishedwhenthecooledoilwasspoonedintobarrels.Onehugewhaleproducedenoughoiltofillseventy-fivebarrels,shenotedindisbelief.WhentheJernegansreturnedhome,theoilwouldbesoldforthebestpricepossible.Whaleoilwasimportantduringthenineteenthcenturywhenitwasusedtolightlampsandtomakecandles.Whalingwasbothexcitingandexhausting.Yetitalsohaditsslowmoments.Weekscouldgobywithoutsomuchasaglimpseofawhale.ThenLaurafilledherdayswithschoollessonsandsewing.WhenLaurawasgrown,sheneverwentwhalingagain.Bythen,petrolhadalreadyreplacedwhaleoil.Thisera,calledthegoldenageofwhaling,wasover.Sowastheeraofentirefamiliesgoingtosea.YetLaura'sdiaryhashelpedtoensurethatthischapterinAmerica'sseafaringhistorywon'tbeforgotten.1.WhydidLaurasetsailwithherfather?A.ShewasakeenobserverandwriterB.Shewasfascinatedbyhisfather'sjob.C.HisfatherwouldhuntthemightiestanimalD.Herfatherwantedthefamilytostaytogether.2.Whatdoweknowfromtheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4?A.Laurawastiredofschoollessons. B.Ittookweekstohuntahugewhale.C.Nowhalescouldbespottedforweeks D.Theprocessingofthewhalewasslow.3.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesLaura'sdiary?A.Significant B.DreadfulC.Conventional. D.Practical.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了1868年六岁的劳拉跟随父亲去捕鲸，她亲眼看到了捕鲸的过程并把它写进日记里。这本日记对纪录美国航海史上的这段经历至关重要。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话“Thelittlegirlwastakentosharetheadventureandthedangeroflifeatseabyhisfather,CaptainJernegan,whowasunwillingtobeseparatedfromhisfamilywhenhewasgoingtohuntthemightiestanimalonearth.”(小女孩被他的父亲杰尼根船长带去一块去体验海上的冒险，当他要捕猎地球上最强大的动物时，杰尼根船长不愿意与家人分离。)可知，杰尼根船长带着她的女儿一块去航海是因为不想和家人分开。故选D。【2题详解】句意猜测题。根据划线句子后面的一句话“Weekscouldgobywithoutsomuchasaglimpseofawhale.”(几周过去了，连一头鲸鱼都看不到。)可知，虽然捕鲸既让人兴奋又令人筋疲力尽，但是因为好几周都看到一头鲸鱼，捕鲸这件事也会变得很慢。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句话“YetLaura'sdiaryhashelpedtoensurethatthischapterinAmerica'sseafaringhistorywon'tbeforgotten.”(然而，劳拉的日记有助于确保美国航海史上的这一章不会被遗忘。)可知，虽然捕鲸的时代已经过去，但是劳拉的日记对于人们记住那段历史是至关重要的。故选A。BSincethe1970s,bodymassindex(BMI)hasbeenwidelyusedasvitaldatatomonitorourhealthcondition.BMIiscalculatedfromyourheightandweight,usedasanestimateofbodyfatandagoodevaluationofyourriskfordiseasesthatcanoccurwithmorebodyfat.ThehigheryourBMI,thehigheryourriskforcertaindiseasessuchasheartdisease,highbloodpressure,type2diabetes,andbreathingproblems.Evenasmallweightloss,between5and10percentofyourcurrentweight,willhelploweryourriskofdevelopingdiseasesassociatedwithobesity.However,manyresearchersarguethatwe'vebeenoverlookingthelimitationsofBMI,sinceBMIaloneisn'talwaysagoodindicatorofcardiovascular(心血管的)risk.Forexample,anathletic,muscularpersoncouldhaveahighBMIbutahealthyheart.Conversely,manypeoplelosemusclewithage,whichcouldlowertheirBMIdespitehighbodyfatlevels.Agroupofworldwideexpertsreleasedastatementinearly2020suggestingthatmeasuringpatients'waistsalsohelpsscreenforpossiblehealthrisksthatcomewithoverweightandobesity.Ifmostofyourfatisaroundyourwaistratherthanatyourhips,you'reatahigherriskforheartdiseaseandtype2diabetes.Thisriskgoesupwithawaistsizethatisgreaterthan35inchesforwomenorgreaterthan40inchesformen.Tocorrectlymeasureyourwaist,standandplaceatapemeasurearoundyourmiddle,justaboveyourhipbones.Measureyourwaistjustafteryoubreatheout.SoalthoughBMIcanbeuseful,addingwaistcircumference(腰围)tothepictureclarifiesyourriskprofile.Fortunately,waistsizetendstogodownevenifyourweightdoesn't.4.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Weightloss. B.Bodymassindex.C.Healthproblems. D.Risksfordiseases.5.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Waistsizetendstogodowneasily.B.AlowerBMIindicatesahealthyheart.C.Highbodyfatlevelbuildsupourmuscle.D.BMIhaslimitationsinhealthassessment.6.Whatislikelytobetalkedaboutnext?A.Adviceonahealthydiet. B.Waystomeasurewaist.C.Tipsforreducingwaistline. D.Methodsoflosingweight.【答案】4.B5.D6.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了体重指数及相关的一些健康问题。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Sincethe1970s,b