2020-2021学年广西百色市高二(下)期末英语试卷(附答案详解)

2020-2021学年广西百色市高二（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）ALEARNTOMASSAGEYOURBABYFREESESSIONSBabieslovetobemassaged（按摩）.Joinusatoneofthefollowingsessionstolearnhowtomassageyourbaby.Thisclassissuitableforparentswithbabiesfromnewborntoageone.Sessions：October8：9a.m.-12p.m.October30：2p.m.-5p.m.November17：6：30p.m.-9：30p.m.Sessionsarefree,butregistration（注册）isrequired.Toregister,sendanemailtobabymassage@withyourpreferredsession.12members（plusthebabies）perclass.Formoreinformation,pleasecall385-1258.To：babymassage@From：sallyann563@Date：September10，2020Subject：LearntoMassageYourBabyMynameisSallyGrover.I'memailingyoutogetsomeinformationaboutthebabymassagesessions.Iamexpectingmybabyanydaynow,andwouldliketosignupforyourOctober30class.Mybabywillbeaboutonemontholdbythen.I'mveryinterestedinanythingthatwillhelpmynewbaby!Thankyouforofferingthisclass.Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.Sincerely,SallyGroverBenefitsofInfantMassageManyplacesnowofferclassestoteachparentshowtomassagetheirbabies.Locally,oneoftheplacesthatoffersaclassisatTheWellnessCenter.Theowner,KarenInsbruck,says,"Massageonbabieshasbeenshowntohavemanybenefits,includingmakingyourbabiesquietandrelaxed,helpingimprovetheirdigestivesystemsandcreatingastrongerconnectionbetweenthebabyandhisorhercaregiver."Ifyou'reinterestedinlearningmore,youcancontactTheWellnessCenterat385-1258.1.

Whatdoweknowaboutthesessions？______第1页，共21页A.Theycanbejoinedatalowprice.B.Theywelcomenewbornbabiesonly.C.Theyofferdifferentchoicestoparents.D.Theycanbeattendedwithoutregistration.2.3.

WhatclassdoesSallyGroverwanttojoin？______A.AnOctobermorningclass.B.AnOctoberafternoonclass.C.ANovembereveningclass.D.AnOctoberclassandaNovemberclass.Whatisoneadvantageofmassagingbabies？______A.Itmakesthemconnectcloselywiththeircaregivers.B.Itgivesthemachancetoexperienceanewworld.C.Itgivescaregiverstimetofeedthem.D.Itmakesthemexcited.BThereisnothingordinaryaboutthislittleboy'sadorableexperiencewithhismusicalheroes.5-year-oldTaylorHooperwasjustoneofthe35，0000peoplewhowereattendingtheFooFightersconcertinBelfast,NorthernIrelandlastweek.NotonlyistheAmericanrockgrouphisfavoriteband,itwasalsohisfirsteverconcert.Taylor'smother,NikkiHooper,saysthatsheandherhusbandhavealwaysbeenhugefansoftheFooFighters.Inadditiontotravelingfarandwidetoseetheirshows,theyevennamedtheirsonafterthedrummer,TaylorHawkins.Sowhenthebandplayedintheirhomecity,theydecideditwasfinallytimefortheirsontoseetheirbelovedrockandrockersinconcert."He'sbeenlisteningtothemsincehewasborn-mainlybecausehisdadandIaresuperfans."MrsHoopertoldBBC."Wecalledtheeventorganizersandtheysaiditwouldbenoproblem,butthatweshouldknowitwouldbealoudmusicevent,sowegotTaylorsomespecialheadphones.Whenwegotthereeveryonewassowelcomingtohim."Throughouttheshow,theaudiencecontinuouslymadeTaylorandhisparentsmoveclosertothestage.Furthermore,Mrs.Hooperhelpedhersonstandoutfromthecrowdbymakinghimasignthatsaidhewasa5-year-oldattendinghisfirstconcert.WhenFooFightersfrontmanDaveGrohlfinallysawthesignandreaditaloudintothemicrophone,thecrowdbeganchantingforthemtobringtheyoungsterontothestage.That's第2页，共21页exactlywhathedid.Whenthestagemanagersbroughttheboytothestage,GrohlaskedTaylortoshowthecrowdhowtodance.Thesmallboythendancedtothewholesong,makinghiman"Internetwonder".Taylordidn'tjustwalkawayfromtheshowwithmemories,either；thebandalsoinvitedhimbackstagetogivehimanumberofgifts,includingapairofTaylorHawkins'sdrumsticks.4.

WhatisFooFightersinthepassage？______A.It'samusicshow.C.It'sapopsong.

B.It'samusicband.D.It'samusicfan.5.6.7.

WecanlearnfromParagraph3that______.A.theorganizersrefusedtoletthechildwatchtheshowB.therewasnothingwrongforthechildtowatchtheshowC.theorganizerssuggestedthekidtakecareoftheloudnoiseD.thechildfeltsoscaredthathedidn'twanttogotothestageHowdid5-year-oldTaylorHoopercausepeople'sattention？______A.Byshoutingloudly.B.Byrunningtothesingers.C.Byholdingasignshowinghisage.D.Bydancingtothewholesong.HowdidTaylorfeelabouthisfirsteverconcert？______A.Worried.

B.Scared.

C.Sorry.

D.Pleased.COvertheyears,NASAhassuccessfullysentseveralrovers（飞行器）toMars.WhilethesciencelaboratoriescontinuetoprovideimportantinformationontheRedPlanet,theykeepthespaceexplorationroversstayingclosetotheoriginallandingplace.Togetamorecomprehensive（详尽的）viewofMars,theUSSpaceAgencyplanstomakeasmalltesthelicopterwiththeMars2020Rover,whichwillbesentoffinJuly2020.Thefootball-sized"marscopter"weighsaboutfourpounds.ItcanflyatabouttentimesthespeedofhelicoptersonEarth.ThelightweightandfastspeedareimportantforthehelicoptertobeabletoflyinthethinMarsatmosphere,whichisaboutjustonepercentofthatofEarth."TomakeitflyinthatthinMarsatmosphere,wehadtomakeeverythingready,andmakeitaslightaspossiblewhilebeingasstrongandpowerfulasitcanpossiblybe."MimiAung,Marshelicopterprojectmanager,saidinameeting.第3页，共21页UponlandingontheRedPlanet,theMars2020Roverwillfindaproperlocationtosendofthehelicopter.Thehelicopterwillstartwithashortclimb,nohigherthan10feet,andhover（盘旋）forjust30secondsbeforelandingbackontheMarssurface.Ifallgoeswell,fivemoreflightsoflongerdistances,for90secondseach,willbeconductedoverthenext30days.TheshortjourneyswillberecordedbyasmallcameraandsentbacktothescientistsonEarth.Iftheplangoesonwell,thefirsthelicoptertoflyinanotherworld,willopenupawholenewwaytoexploreMars.TheMarshelicopter'sfirstflightwillbeagreatinvention.Forthoseofuswhoseresearchisaboutflight,thatwouldbeawonderful,historicmoment.8.

ToflyinthinMarsatmosphere,weshouldmakethehelicopter______.A.strongandheavyC.lightandfast

B.heavyandfastD.strongandslow9.

Howmanytimeswillthehelicopterfly？______A.Threetimes

B.Fourtimes

C.Fivetimes

D.Sixtimes10.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？______A.It'sinterestingtoflyinanotherworld.B.It'simportanttoflyinanotherworld.C.Theplantoflythehelicoptergoesonwell.D.Thehelicoptersfirstflightissuccessful.11.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage？______A.TosendahelicoptertoMarsin2020B.TosendarovertoMarsin2020C.ToliveinthethinMarsatmosphereD.TosendbackrecordstoscientistsDInCopenhagen,an8-yeardreamwasrealizedwhenthefirstpaidskierstooktheirrunsdownaone-third-milecourse（路线）.Theyskiedonwhatispossiblythegreenestpowerfactoryintheworld.Thefactoryissocleanandsafethatdesignerswereabletoturnitsbuildingsintoanewcenterforsociallife.Thewaste-to-powerfactoryitselfopenedin2017underthenameAmagerBakke.BjarkeIngelsisthearchitectwhosecompanycameupwiththeideaeightyearsagoofdesigningapowerplantbuildingthatwouldjoinmountainsportsintoitsverynature."Itisthecleanestwaste-to-energypowerplantintheworld.Itisnotonlybetterforthe第4页，共21页environment,itisalsomoreenjoyableforthelivesofitscitizens."Ingelssays97%ofcitypeoplegettheirheatingasaby-productofenergyproduction.Itcomesfromasystemwheretheelectricity,heating,andwastedisposal（处理）aremixedintoasingleprocess.Hedreamsthatitisalsobecominganexamplethatotherscanlooktoandsay,"IfCopenhagencandoitwhycan'twe？"Therearenohillsinthisislandcity,butnowpeoplecanskilocally,whileenjoyingthebestviewseverseenoftheharbor.Anotherthingmissinghereissnowcoverthroughoutthewinter,sodesignerssetupakindofspecial"plasticgrass"thatprovidestheperfectfriction（摩擦力）fordownhillwintersports.Inacountrywhere600，000skiersalwayshadtotraveltopracticesking,tobeabletofinallyskiintheirbackyard-and,allyearround-is,asoneskiersaid,"AMAZING."Thecompanyhopestosee300，000visitorsenjoyingtheexperienceofCopenhilleachyear,withtheskislopecosting﹩22anhourorjust﹩366forafullseasonpass.Meanwhile,thecityisonestepclosertoitsfinalgoalofbecomingtheworld'sfirstcarbon-neutralcityby2025.Wethinkitmightbeall"downhill"fromhere.12.Howdoesthepowerfactoryproduceelectricity？______A.Byusingoil.C.Byusingwind.

B.Byusingcoal.D.Byusingwaste.13.What'sIngels'dreamaccordingtothepassage？______A.Tomakemoretallbuildingsindifferentbigcities.B.Tohelpmoreskierstoskiinhighmountains.C.Therewillbemoregreenpowerfactoriesintheworld.D.Moreandmorepeoplewillskiinthepowerfactory.14.Wheredotheskiersskiinthepowerfactory？______A.Onman-madesnow.C.Onplasticgrass.

B.Onman-madeice.D.Onrealsand.15.Theunderlinedpart"itmightbeall'downhill'fromhere"meansthat______.A.theywillsoonreachtheirfinalgoalB.theywillsoondrawmanyvisitorsC.theywillproducemoreelectricityD.theyhavedifficultiesreachingthegoal二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）第5页，共21页Asbirdsawakentheearlyrisersatdawnonthefarm,onepersonisalreadyup.(1)76-year-oldThaiNgoc,fromVietnam,saysthathehasnotsleptfor45years!"Myinsomnia（失眠症）startedmanyyearsagoafterIgotafever.(2)However,nothinghelps,noteventogetmetosleepforafewminutes,"saidNgoc.Butamazingly,hehasneveroncebeenill."(3)Istillfeelhealthyandcanfarmnormallylikeothermen.Ievencarrytwo50kgbagsfor4kmeveryday."Accordingtohiswife,whenNgocwentforamedicalcheck-uprecently,hisdoctorsaidhewasinperfecthealthexceptforaminorproblemsinliver（肝）function.(4)Hevolunteeredtohelpbeatadrumduringthenightandguardthehousefortherelativesofthedeadduringfuneralceremonies（葬礼仪式）.Whenthevillagerswereplantingcrops,severalpeopleaskedNgoctobetheir"alarmclock"andtowakethemupearlyinthemorningtogotoworkashewasupanyway.PhanNgocHa,directoroftheHoaKhanhMentalHospitalinDanang,saidthatalongtermlackofsleepoftencausesdiseasessuchasanorexia,lethargy,andirritability.(5)ThaiNgocisobviouslyoneofthem.A.Infact,hehasn'tevenbeentobed.B.Generally,allinsomniacssufferfromthem.C.Ihavetriedallvarietiesofmedicinesforinsomnia.D.Hehastowakeupearlyinthemorningforworkalthoughheissleepy.E.Fortunately,theinsomniadoesn'tseemtohavehadanegativeeffectonmyhealth.F.But,inspecialcases,asmallnumberofinsomniacscanstillliveandworknormally.G.Ngochasspenthissleeplesstimedoingusefulworkforhiscommunityandco-villagers.16.

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

G.G17.

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

G.G18.

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

G.G19.

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

G.G第6页，共21页20.

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

G.G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）Therosebusheswerefinallyinfullbloomonthatspringmorning.The(21)ofrosesalwaysbringstomindWanda'schildhoodmemories.Thenthefamilyhadno(22)tobuyextrathings,soevenatiredrosewassomethingto(23).Currently,tohaveabackyardfullofdifferentrosesispure(24).Andherhusband,Dale,devotedly(25)theroses.(26)thatshelovestheveryfirstblooms,hepickedsomeonthisparticularmorning.ButasDalereturned,hecamecrossaneighborwhohad(27)foraquickvisit.Asthewomanturnedtogo,Dalegenerouslygavethe(28)toher.Andeventhoughtheirvisitor(29)shedidn'twanttotakethem.Dale(30)saidthattheflowerswereforhertokeep.Seeingherpreciousfirstbloomsgooutofthedoor(31)Wandawithregret,andabitof(32).Sheknewitwas"bettertogivethantoreceive".(33)，shewishedshecouldhavekepttherosesforherself.Laterthatday,thecoupleheadedtothepostoffice,whereWandawaitedoutsideinthecar.Then,without(34)，anolderwomansuddenlyappearedattheopenwindow,andgaveherabunchoffreshroses!"Theseareforyou.They'remyfirstbloomsthisspring."Completely(35)Wandathankedthewomanand(36)foramomenttobreatheintherichfragrance.Whenshelookedback,themysteriousvisitorwasgone.Thatspecial(37)changedWanda.Itmadeherunderstandthetruemeaningof(38)unexpectedgifts.Now,shealways(39)herfirstbloomstoothers,asa（an）(40)thatsomeoneisthinkingofthem.7.28.29.

A.sightA.energyA.desertA.businessA.tendsA.AnxiousA.stoppedbyA.greetingsA.recommended

B.spotB.moneyB.raiseB.memoryB.servesB.AshamedB.settleddownB.wishesB.complained

C.situationC.courageC.valueC.ambitionC.studiesC.AfraidC.turnedoutC.rosesC.assumed

D.showD.desireD.favourD.enjoymentD.laysD.AwareD.brokeninD.bushesD.insisted第7页，共21页9.40.

A.hardlyA.filledA.tensionA.ThusA.doubtA.depressedA.waitedA.discoveryA.givingA.takesawayA.routine

B.honestlyB.coveredB.prideB.HoweverB.warningB.confusedB.noddedB.deliveryB.receivingB.putsawayB.duty

C.secretlyC.chargedC.dignityC.InsteadC.effortC.amazedC.shookC.apologyC.keepingC.givesawayC.reminder

D.temporarilyD.suppliedD.selfishnessD.OtherwiseD.hesitationD.annoyedD.bentD.smellD.exchangingD.throwsawayD.example四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.ThefirstUNChineseLanguageDayattheUnitedNations(1)（observe）onFridayatUNHeadquartersinNewYorkin2010.Astheword'smostwidelyspokenlanguage,itseemsappropriatethatMandarin（普通话）hasonedayannuallydedicatedtoit.This(2)（official）markeddayofMandarinlanguagecelebrationwassetbytheUnitedNationsasawayofcelebratingthelanguage'shistoryand(3)（contribution）totheworld.ItishopedthathavingonedayannuallytocelebrateMandarinwillencouragemorepeoplearoundtheworld(4)（take）itup.WithChinalikelytobecomethelargesteconomyintheworld,itisimportantthatthewiderworldbecomesmoreinterested(5)thiswonderfullanguage.EveryyearUNChineseLanguageDay(6)（fall）onApril20.Agreatwaytoget(7)（involve）inthecelebrationistojoinaMandarinclass.AttendingoneofthemanyConfuciusInstitutes(8)aresetupbyChinaincountriesaroundtheworldisanothergood(9)（choose）.ThenumberofpeoplelearningChineseison(10)increaseinChina'sneighboringcountries,suchasKorea,JapanandVietnam.五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。第8页，共21页注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。LastSaturday,IpromisemyparentsthatIwouldcookdinnerforthem.ThereasonwaswhyIwouldliketomaketheweekendmeaningfulandenablethemtoenjoyagooddinnerafteratiredday.Thisafternoon,Idecidedtomaketomatosoupandanotherdish,usedeggplantsandmeat.Toensurehersuccess,Ifirstsearchedwithrelevantrecipesonlineandthenbeganmywork.Withthehelpoftherecipesandmymemoriesofhowtomymotherusuallycooksdishes,Ifinishedthemwithintwohour.Myparentsweregreatsurprisedwhentheytriedmydeliciousdishes.I'mproudmyselfandconfidentthatIcancookmoretastydishesinthefuture.六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）43.假定你是李华，在英国伦敦游学期间因身体不适需要就医。你的房东Smith夫妇介绍你前往他们的私人医生Mr.Brown的诊所就诊。请你通过电子邮件预约就医。邮件内容包括：1．自我介绍；2．症状描述；3．预约时间。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．邮件开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数．DearMr.Brown,______Sincerelyyours,LiHua第9页，共21页答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】B【小题3】A【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据FREESESSIONS部分的"Thisclassissuitableforparentswithbabiesfromnewborntoageone.Sessions：October8：9a.m.-12p.m.October30：2p.m.-5p.m.November17：6：30p.m.-9：30p.m.（这个班适合有新生儿到一岁婴儿的父母。课时：10月8日上午9点至中午12点。10月30日下午2点至5点。11月17日下午6：30至9：30。）"可知，该课程为父母提供了不同时段的课程选择。故选C项。（2）B.细节理解题。根据SallyGrover女士来信中的"Iamexpectingmybabyanydaynow,andwouldliketosignupforyourOctober30class.（我在待产期，我想报名参加你们10月30日的课程。）"可知，SallyGrover女士想选择10月30日的课程。结合上文中的October30：2p.m.-5p.m。可知，这天是下午的课程。故选B项。（3）A.细节理解题。根据BenefitsofInfantMassage部分的"Massageonbabieshasbeenshowntohavemanybenefits,includingmakingyourbabiesquietandrelaxed,helpingimprovetheirdigestivesystemsandcreatingastrongerconnectionbetweenthebabyandhisorhercaregiver."（给宝宝按摩有很多好处，包括让宝宝安静放松，帮助改善他们的消化系统，在宝宝和他或她的护理者之间建立更牢固的联系。）"可知，按摩的好处之一是可以增强婴儿和护理人之间的联系。故选A项。本文是应用文。文章是一则参加免费课程的广告，学习的内容是如何给婴儿按摩。阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性。对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。第10页，共21页4.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】C【小题3】C【小题4】D【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。由第一段中"NotonlyistheAmericanrockgrouphisfavoriteband,itwasalsohisfirsteverconcert."（该美国摇滚乐队不仅是他最喜欢的乐队，也是他的第一次演唱会。）可知，FooFighters是一个乐队。A.It'samusicshow.这是一场音乐表演；B.It'samusicband.这是一个音乐乐队；C.It'sapopsong.这是一首流行歌曲；D.It'samusicfan.这是个乐迷。故选B。（2）C.推理判断题。由第三段中"Wecalledtheeventorganizersandtheysaiditwouldbenoproblem,butthatweshouldknowitwouldbealoudmusicevent,sowegotTaylorsomespecialheadphones."（我们给活动组织者打了电话，他们说这没问题，但我们应该知道这将是一个响亮的音乐活动，所以我们给泰勒买了一些特殊的耳机。）可推知，组织者建议小孩当心噪音。故选C。（3）C.细节理解题。有第四段中"Mrs.Hooperhelpedhersonstandoutfromthecrowdbymakinghimasignthatsaidhewasa5-year-oldattendinghisfirstconcert."（Mrs.Hooper通过给他一个标志牌帮助她的儿子从人群中脱颖而出，上面写着他是一个5岁的孩子，正在参加他的第一场音乐会。）可知，小Taylor通过拿着显示他年龄的标志牌而引起乐队的注意。故选C。（4）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段"Thesmallboythendancedtothewholesong,makinghiman"Internetwonder".Taylordidn'tjustwalkawayfromtheshowwithmemories,either；thebandalsoinvitedhimbackstagetogivehimanumberofgifts,includingapairofTaylorHawkins'sdrumsticks."（小男孩随后随着整首歌起舞，让他成为"互联网上的奇迹"。Taylor也不只是带着回忆离开了演出；乐队还邀请他去后台送他一些礼物，包括一对泰勒·霍金斯的鼓槌。）可知，小男孩为整首歌伴了舞，乐队还邀请他去后台，送了他一对泰勒·霍金斯的鼓槌作为礼物，据常理推断，他应该非常高兴。A.Worried.担心的；B.Scared.害怕的；C.Sorry.抱歉的；D.Pleased.高兴的。故选D。本文是一篇记叙文。上周，5岁的TaylorHooper在父母的带领下参加了北爱尔兰贝尔法斯特喷火战机乐队的音乐会；与众不同的是，这位与鼓手TaylorHawkins同名的小歌迷有幸登上舞台，向观众呈现他最喜欢的舞蹈动作，一时成为网红。1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原第11页，共21页文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。8.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】D【小题3】B【小题4】A【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。由第二段中的ThelightweightandfastspeedareimportantforthehelicoptertobeabletoflyinthethinMarsatmosphere,whichisaboutjustonepercentofthatofEarth.（轻的重量和快速度对于直升机能够在薄的火星大气中飞行很重要，火星大气大约是地球的十分之一。）可知，在火星大气中飞行的直升机要又轻便又快速。A.strongandheavy强壮且沉重；B.heavyandfast沉重且快速的；C.lightandfast轻且快速的；D.strongandslow强壮且缓慢的，故选C。（2）D.细节理解题。由第三段中的Thehelicopterwillstartwithashortclimb,nohigherthan10feet,andhover（盘旋）forjust30secondsbeforelandingbackontheMarssurface.（直升机将以一个短的爬升开始，不超过10英尺，并在返回火星表面之前盘旋仅30秒。）与Ifallgoeswell,fivemoreflightsoflongerdistances（如果一切顺利，再进行五次长途飞行。）可知，直升机将飞行六次。故选D。（3）B.推理判断题。由最后一段中的Iftheplangoesonwell,thefirsthelicoptertoflyinanotherworld,willopenupawholenewwaytoexploreMars.TheMarshelicopter'sfirstflightwillbeagreatinvention.（如果计划进展顺利，第一架在另一个世界飞行的直升机将开辟一条全新的探索火星的道路。而且火星直升机第一次飞行是一项伟大的发明。）可知第一架在另一个世界飞行的直升机将开辟探索火星的新途径，由此推断：在另一个世界飞行非常重要。故选B。（4）A.标题确定题。根据第一段中的Togetamorecomprehensive（详尽的）viewofMars,theUSSpaceAgencyplanstomakeasmalltesthelicopterwiththeMars2020Rover,whichwillbesentoffinJuly2020.（为了获得更全面的火星视图，美国航天局计划用火星2020火星车制造一架小型测试直升机，将于2020年7月被发射。）以及下文内容可知，本文主要讲述科学家计划制造一架小型试验直升机探索火星，故A项"2020年向火星发射一架直升机"为最佳标题。故选A。第12页，共21页本文是说明文。本文讲述美国航空局计划与2020火星探测器一起，制造一架小型试验直升机，于2020年7月发射。如果计划顺利进行，第一架在另一个世界飞行的直升机将开辟一种探索火星的全新方式。考查社会文化类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。12.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】C【小题3】C【小题4】A【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。由第二段"Thewaste-to-powerfactoryitselfopenedin2017underthenameAmagerBakke.（这个以AmagerBakke为名的垃圾发电工厂于2017年开业。）"可知，这家工厂用垃圾发电。故选D。（2）C.推理判断题。由第三段中"Hedreamsthatitisalsobecominganexamplethatotherscanlooktoandsay,"IfCopenhagencandoit,whycan'twe？（他的梦想是，哥本哈根也正在成为其他国家可以借鉴的榜样，并说：如果哥本哈根可以做到，为什么我们不能？"）"推知Ingels的梦想是世界上有更多环保工厂。故选C。（3）C.细节理解题。由第四段"sodesignerssetupakindofspecialplasticgrass（于是设计师们设置了一种特殊的塑料草皮。）"可知，滑雪者在塑料草皮上滑雪。故选C。（4）A.词句猜测题。全文谈及哥本哈根已经建成世界上最环保的发电厂，且由上句"Meanwhile,thecityisonestepclosertoitsfinalgoalofbecomingtheworld'sfirstcarbon-neutralcityby2025.（与此同时，这座城市离2025年成为世界上第一个碳中性城市的最终目标又近了一步。）"可知，他们很快会实现最终目标。选项A.theywillsoonreachtheirfinalgoal（他们很快就会达到最终目标。）符合题意，故选A。这是一篇说明文。在哥本哈根建成了世界上最清洁的垃圾转化能源发电厂，第一批滑雪者在世界上最环保的发电厂"滑雪"。这家工厂如此干净和安全，它也正在成为其他国家可以借鉴的榜样。阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能第13页，共21页多地捕获信息材料。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性。对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。16.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】C【小题3】E【小题4】G【小题5】F【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据上文"Asbirdsawakentheearlyrisersatdawnonthefarm,onepersonisalreadyup.（当鸟儿在黎明时分唤醒农场的早起者时，一个人已经起床了。）"以及后文"76-year-oldThaiNgoc,fromVietnam,saysthathehasnotsleptfor45years!（76岁的ThaiNgoc来自越南，他说他已经45年没睡觉了！）"可知，事实上，ThaiNgoc就没有睡觉。故A选项"事实上，他甚至没有睡觉。"符合语境，故选A。（2）C.推理判断题。根据下文中的"However,nothinghelps,noteventogetmetosleepforafewminutes.（然而，什么都没有帮助，甚至不能让我睡觉几分钟。）"可知，设空处与此意义相反，ThaiNgoc吃过很多种治疗失眠症的药，但是都不见效。故C选项"我试过各种治疗失眠症的药物。"符合语境，故选C。（3）E.推理判断题。根据上一句"Butamazingly,hehasneveroncebeenill.（但令人惊讶的是，他从未生过病）"和后文"Istillfeelhealthyandcanfarmnormallylikeothermen.（我仍然感觉很健康，可以像其他人一样正常地耕种）"可知，失眠症没有对他的健康产生负面的影响。故E选项"幸运的是，失眠似乎没有对我的健康产生负面影响"符合语境，故选E。（4）G.细节理解题。根据下文"Hevolunteeredtohelpbeatadrumduringthenightandguardthehousefortherelativesofthedeadduringfuneralceremonies.Whenthevillagerswereplantingcrops,severalpeopleaskedNgoctobetheir"alarmclock"andtowakethemupearlyinthemorningtogotoworkashewasupanyway.（他自告奋勇在夜间打鼓，在出殡时为死者的亲属看房。当村民们在种庄稼的时候，有几个人要求Ngoc做他们的"闹钟"，因为他已经起床了，所以早上早早叫他们起床去上班。）"可知，ThaiNgoc在自己失眠的期间为他的社区和村民们服务。故G选项"Ngoc把他不睡觉的时间花在为他的社区和同村做有用的工作上。"符合语境，故选G。第14页，共21页（5）F.推理判断题。根据上文"PhanNgocHa,directoroftheHoaKhanhMentalHospitalinDanang,saidthatalong-termlackofsleepoftencausesdiseasessuchasanorexia,lethargy,andirritability.（越南岘港和康精神病院院长PhanNgocHa说，长期睡眠不足往往会导致厌食症、嗜睡和易怒等疾病。）"可知，失眠通常会引发很多疾病，再联系上文可知，ThaiNgoc的身体并未受到失眠症的影响，而且下一句提到"ThaiNgocisobviouslyoneofthem."由此可知，极少数的患有失眠症的人仍然可以正常生活，ThaiNgoc就是其中一个。故F选项"但是，在特殊情况下，少数失眠症患者仍然可以正常生活和工作。"符合语境，故选F。这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了76岁的ThaiNgoc已经45年没睡觉了，却从来没生病，他还利用不睡觉的时间为他的社区和村民们服务。技巧①通读全文，了解文章大意；②细读七个选项，找出和文章相对应的关键词，分析选项间的逻辑关系；③根据文章整体结构、具体内容，结合关键词，选出最佳选项；④将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点查看逻辑关系和关联结构是否合理。21.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】B【小题3】C【小题4】D【小题5】A【小题6】D【小题7】A【小题8】C【小题9】D【小题10】B【小题11】A【小题12】D【小题13】B【小题14】B【小题15】C【小题16】D【小题17】B【小题18】A【小题19】C【小题20】C【解析】（1）A．考查名词及语境理解。A.sight景象；B.spot场所，地点；C.situation情况；D.show展览。句意：玫瑰花盛开的景象总是让Wanda想起自己的童年。根据上文"Therosebusheswerefinallyinfullbloomonthatspringmorning."可知，这里说的是是玫瑰花盛开的景象。故选A项。（2）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.energy能量；B.money钱；C.courage勇气；D.desire欲望。句意：那时家里没钱买额外的东西，所以即使是一朵蔫的玫瑰花也是值得珍惜的。根据空后的"buyextrathings"可知，家里没有钱买额外的东西。故选B项。（3）C．考查动词及语境理解。A.desert抛弃；B.raise举起；C.value重视，珍视；D.favour第15页，共21页喜爱，偏袒。句意：那时家里没钱买额外的东西，所以即使是一朵蔫的玫瑰花也是值得珍惜的。根据上文"Thenthefamilyhadno（2）____tobuyextrathings"可知，没钱买额外的东西，说明家里不富裕，因此推断甚至一朵蔫的玫瑰花也是值得珍惜的。故选C项。（4）D．考查名词及语境理解。A.business商业；B.memory记忆；C.ambition雄心，野心；D.enjoyment享受。句意：现在，拥有一个充满不同玫瑰的后院是纯粹的享受。根据下文"devotedlytendtheroses."；"shelovestheveryfirstblooms,"；"shewishedshecouldhavekepttherosesforherself."可知，作者和她的丈夫很喜欢花，所以对于他们来说拥有一个充满不同玫瑰的后院是纯粹的享受。故选D项。（5）A．考查动词及语境理解。A.tends照顾；B.serves服务；C.studies学习；D.lays放置。句意：她的丈夫戴尔，全心全意地照料着玫瑰花。根据空前的"devotedly"可知，她的丈夫，全心全意地照顾这些玫瑰花。故选A项。（6）D．考查形容词及语境理解。A.Anxious焦虑的；B.Ashamed惭愧的；C.Afraid害怕的；D.Aware意识到的。句意：知道她很喜欢刚刚盛开的花。根据下文"hepickedsomeonthisparticularmorning."可知Dale知道妻子喜欢花，所以采摘了一些。故选D项。（7）A．考查动词短语及语境理解。A.stoppedby顺便访问；B.settleddown平静下来；C.turnedout结果是；D.brokenin破门而入。句意：但是当戴尔回来的时候，他遇到了一个顺便来拜访的邻居。根据空后的"aquickvisit"可知，邻居是顺便拜访。故选A项。（8）C．考查名词及语境理解。A.greetings问候；B.wishes希望；C.roses玫瑰花；D.bushes灌木。句意：当女人转身要走时，戴尔慷慨地把玫瑰花送给了她。根据下文"theflowerswereforherstokeep."可知，戴尔慷慨地把花给了邻居。故选C项。（9）D．考查动词及语境理解。句意：尽管他们的访客坚称她不想带走这些花。A.recommended推荐；B.complained抱怨；C.assumed假定，设想；D.insisted坚持。根据下文"shedidn'twanttotakethem"可知，邻居坚持不要这些花，故选D项。（10）B．考查副词及语境理解。A.hardly几乎不；B.honestly真诚地；C.secretly秘密地；D.temporarily暂时地。句意：戴尔真诚地说，这些花是留给她养的。根据下文"theflowerswereforherstokeep."可知，Dale一再真诚地要把花送给她。故选B项。（11）A．考查动词及语境理解。A.filled填，使充满；B.covered覆盖；C.charged收费；D.supplied提供。句意：看到她宝贵的盛开的花走出了大门，Wanda充满了遗憾和一点点自私。fillsb.withsth"使某人充满某物"。根据下文"withregret,andabitof（12）____"可推断，看到别人拿走了玫瑰花，Wenda心里充满遗憾和一点自私，故选A项。（12）D．考查名词及语境理解。A.tension紧张；B.pride自豪；C.dignity尊严；D.selfishness自私自利。句意：看到她宝贵的盛开的花走出了大门，Wanda充满了遗憾和一点点自私。第16页，共21页根据下文"shewishedshecouldhavekepttherosesforherself."可知，她仍然希望能把玫瑰留给自己，这是自私的一种表现。故选D项。（13）B．考查副词及语境理解。A.Thus因此；B.However然而；C.Instead代替；D.Otherwise否则。句意：然而，她仍然希望能把玫瑰留给自己。根据上文"Sheknewitwas"bettertogivethantoreceive"."可知，上下文是转折关系，故选B项。（14）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.doubt怀疑；B.warning警告，预兆，预告；C.effort努力；D.hesitation犹豫。句意：然后，没有任何预兆，一个年长的女士突然出现在开着的窗口前，送给她一束新鲜的玫瑰花。根据下文的"suddenly"可推断，事情发生的毫无预警。故选B项。（15）C．考查形容词及语境理解。A.depressed抑郁的；B.confused困惑的；C.amazed惊讶的；D.annoyed生气的。句意：Wanda非常惊讶，感谢了女士，弯下腰呼吸这浓郁的香气。根据上文"anolderwomansuddenlyappearedattheopenwindow,andgaveherabunchoffreshroses!"可推断，突然有人送给玫瑰花，Wanda应是感到惊讶。故选C项。（16）D．考查动词及语境理解。A.waited等待；B.nodded点头；C.shook震动；D.bent弯曲。句意：Wanda非常惊讶，感谢了女士，弯下腰呼吸这浓郁的香气。根据空后的"breatheintherichfragrance"可知，呼吸浓郁的香气需要弯下身。故选D项。（17）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.discovery发现；Bdelivery传递，交给；C.apology道歉；D.smell气味。句意：那次特殊的馈赠改变了Wanda。由上文给予作者玫瑰花可知，此处说的是那次特别的赠送改变了Wanda,故选B项。（18）A．考查动词及语境理解。A.giving给；B.receiving接收；C.keeping保留；D.exchanging交换。句意：它使她明白了给予意料之外的礼物的真正含义。根据上文"anolderwomansuddenlyappearedattheopenwindow,andgaveherabunchoffreshroses!"可知，Wanda理解力给予意料之外的礼物的真正意义。故选A项。（19）C．考查动词短语及语境理解。A.takesaway拿走；B.putsaway收起；C.givesaway透露，赠送；D.throwsaway抛弃。句意：现在，她总是把她的刚刚盛开的花送给别人，提醒有人在想着他们。根据上文"Itmadeherunderstandthetruemeaningof（18）____unexpectedgifts."可知，她明白了赠与的意义，由此推知，她总是赠送她的花给别人。故选C项。（20）C．考查名词及语境理解。A.routine惯例；B.duty职责；C.reminder提醒……的东西；Dexample例子。句意：现在，她总是把她的刚刚盛开的花送给别人，提醒有人在想着他们。根据空后的"thatsomeoneisthinkingofthem"可推断，赠送鲜花是提醒人们有人想着他们。故选C项。第17页，共21页本文是一篇记叙文。作者的后花园开