高选择性必修第一册3

UNIT2LOOKINGINTOTHEFUTURESectionCUsingLanguage&AssessingYourProgress核心词汇教材原句Wordssuchaspredict,prediction,andforecast,arealsousedquiteoftenwhen

makingpredictions.

像predict,prediction和forecast这样的词在进行预测时也经常使用。1predict

vt.

预测；预言；预料搭配Itispredictedthat...据预测……bepredictedtodosth.预测做某事Inconclusion，noonecanpredicthowmuchdamagetheradiationleakwillcausetotheenvironment.总之，没有人能预测这次辐射泄漏将会对环境带来多大危害。Itwaspredictedthatthetemperatureofthenextmonthwouldcontinuetofall.据预报，下个月的温度将继续下降。Thehurricaneispredictedtoreachthecoasttomorrowmorning.飓风预计将于明天早晨登陆。

【单词积累】题组练·领悟方法predictionn.预言；预测predictableadj.可预见的；可预料的predictvt..+-ion+-able单句语法填空(1)Saleswerefivepercentlowerthan〔predict〕.(2)Nomatterhowcarefullyyouplanyourfinances，noonecanpredicttheunexpectedwillhappen.(3)It’sridiculousofyoutobelieveinher〔predict〕aboutyourfuture.(4)Insummer，theweatherismuchless〔predict〕.翻译句子(5)据预报会有地震。______________________________________________predictedwhenpredictionpredictableItispredictedthattherewillbeanearthquake.2forecastvt.&n.预测；预报Expertsareforecastingarecoveryintheeconomy.专家预测经济将复苏。Athunderstormisforecastfortomorrow.预报明天有雷暴。Thereportforecaststhatpriceswillriseby3%nextmonth.报告预测下个月物价将上涨3%。aweatherforecast天气预报【学法点拨】forecast中的fore-是前缀，表示“在前部，预先〞。前缀fore-构成的其他单词还有：forehead前额，foresee预见，foretell预言。单句语法填空(1)Withtoday’stechnology,scientistsstillhavedifficulty〔forecast〕earthquakes.完成句子(2)Nowadays〔天气预报〕bringslotsofconveniencetoourlife.(3)Wecanhardly〔预测结果如何〕.forecastingforecastwhattheresultwillbeaweatherforecast教材原句NameOccupationPrediction名字职业预测3occupationn.［C］工作，职业；［U］侵占，占领；居住，占用Pleasegiveyourname，ageandoccupation.请填写你的姓名、年龄和职业。Theareaisunderoccupation.这一地区已被占领。Undersuchcircumstances，theofficeswillbereadyforoccupationinJune.在这种情况下，办公室将于6月交付使用。【词语辨析】(1)occupation泛指任何一种工作，常用于正式文件。(2)profession指需要特别教育和训练的职业，如医生、律师、教师等。(3)career指多年甚至终生从事的职业。(4)job可指任何有收益的工作，指为雇主工作。【词语积累】(1)occupyvt.占用；占据；使忙于occupyoneself〔in〕doingsth./withsth.忙于〔做〕某事Farmersareoccupyingthemselveswiththecropsinthefields.农民正在地里忙着收割庄稼。(2)occupiedadj.忙于……的beoccupied〔in〕doingsth./withsth.忙于〔做〕某事单句语法填空(1)—Whydon’tyouchooseengineerasyour〔occupy〕?—BecauseIdon’twanttodevotemyselftolifelessmachines.(2)OnlongjourneysIoccupy〔I〕withmathspuzzles.

辨析填词：occupation/profession/career/job(3)Pleasestateyourname，addressandintheboxbelow.(4)Aftergraduationshereachedapointinherwheresheneededtodecidewhattodo.(5)Manypeopleareoutofa〔n〕becauseoftheDepression.(6)Therearenowalotmorewomeninthelegal____________.

myselfoccupation解题指导：长途旅行时，我用解数学难题来打发时间。occupationcareerjobprofession教材原句Inthearticle,variouspeoplesaidthatthepublicshouldopposetheideaofdevelopingdriverlesscars.在这篇文章中，很多人说公众应该反对开发无人驾驶汽车的想法。4opposevt.反对〔方案、政策等〕；抵抗，阻挠搭配opposedoingsth.反对做某事beopposedto〔doing〕sth.反对〔做〕某事Iwouldopposeabusingthelaw.我将反对滥用法律。Weareopposedtosettingfiretothesematerials，includingpostcardsandtelegrams.我们反对放火燃烧这些材料，包括明信片和电报。【学法点拨】beopposed(doing)sth.objectto(diong)sthoppose〔doing〕sth.beagainst〔doing〕sth.反对(做)某事单句语法填空(1)Manylocalpeopleopposed〔build〕thenewairport.(2)Mymotherwasverymuchopposedtomy〔go〕abroad.(3)Thestatesman，〔oppose〕tocarryingouttheproject，madesomecommentinthereport.

buildinggoingopposed解题指导:beopposedto中to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。解题指导：过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句whowasopposedtocarrying...。教材原句Thenewspaperreportedthatthecarcompanyhadalreadyapologisedfortheaccident,butthefamiliesofthedeceasedsaiditwasnotenough.该报报道称，该汽车公司已经就事故抱歉，但死者家属表示这还不够。5apologisefor〔doing〕sth.为〔做〕某事抱歉Dannyapologisedtomefornotbeingabletokeephisword.丹尼为没能遵守诺言向我抱歉。【学法点拨】“为〔做〕某事向某人抱歉〞的表达法：saysorrytosb.for〔doing〕sth.makeanapologytosb.for〔doing〕sth.offersb.anapologyfor〔doing〕sth.单句语法填空(1)Weapologisethelatearrivalofthetrain.(2)YesterdayIapologisedpeoplepresentmybeinglate.(3)Thestudenthadnochoicebut〔apologise〕tohisteacherthemistakehehadmade.fortofortoapologisefor解题指导：havenochoicebuttodosth.除了做某事别无选择。教材原句Ontheonehand，therearemanydiferentgroupsofpeoplearoundtheworld

wholivehappilyintheabsenceofnewtechnology.一方面，世界上有许多不同的

群体，他们在没有新技术的情况下幸福地生活着。6absencen.不存在；缺乏；缺席absencefromwork/school缺勤/缺课during/inone’sabsence某人不在的时候搭配intheabsenceof因缺乏……absenceofmind心不在焉Hisrepeatedabsencesfromschoolareworrying.他的一再缺课令人担忧。Theydecidedonthedateandplaceofthepartyduringmyabsence.他们在我不在时确定了聚会的日期和地点。Intheabsenceofidealfood，themammalshadtofeedonplants.因为没有理想的食物，这些哺乳动物只好以植物为食。【一言辨异】Shortageofskilledworkersisourmaindifficultyatpresent，andthelackofsenseofresponsibilityoftenleadstosomeworkers’absencefromwork.缺乏熟练工人是我们目前的主要困难，而且没有责任感经常使得一些工人旷工。——shortage数量短缺；lack缺乏或没有；absence缺席或不存在。【词语积累】

Hehasbeenabsentfromhisdeskfortwoweeks.他已经两周没来了。Therewere200peoplepresentatthemeeting.有200人出席会议。beabsentfrom...缺席……absentadj.缺席的；不存在的absencen.缺席；不存在presentadj.出席的，到场的bepresentat...出席……presencen.出席，到场反单句语法填空(1)Courageisnotthe〔absent〕offearbutratherthejudgmentthatsomethingelseismoreimportantthanfear.(2)Thecampaignhadbegunhisabsence.(3)Thereweresomanypeopleabsentthemeetingthatithadtobeputoff.完成句子(4)Thereceptionwasheld〔她不在时〕.(5)〔因为没有〕visas，theywereforcedtoleaveAmerica.(6)Themanager〔缺席〕theimportantmeetinglastweek.(7)I’ll〔出席〕yourfirm’sreceptionnextweek.absenceduring/infromduring/inherabsenceIntheabsenceofbepresentatwasabsentfrom教材原句Theyadvocateasimplelifewithanemphasisonhardwork,family,andcommunity.他们提倡简单的生活，强调努力工作、家庭和社区。7advocatevt.提倡；支持；拥护n.提倡者；支持者；拥护者搭配：advocate〔doing〕sth.提倡/主张〔做〕某事that...〔should〕do...主张/提倡……Weadvocatequittingsmokinginordertokeepfit.=Weadvocatethatwe〔should〕quitsmokingtokeepfit.为了保持健康，我们提倡戒烟。NotyoubutIhaveastrongadvocateoffreespeech.不是你，而是我是言论自由的坚决拥护者。【误区警示】advocate后跟动名词作宾语，而不接动词不定式。另外，句型“Itisadvocatedthat...〔should〕do...〞意为“有人主张/提倡……应该做……〞。Itisadvocatedthatsmokingshouldbebannedinthebuilding.有人提倡大楼内禁止吸烟。单句语法填空(1)Doyouadvocate〔ban〕carsinthecitycentre?(2)Thereportadvocatedthatallbuildings〔fit〕withsmokedetectors.翻译句子(3)有人主张对于这次的恶劣后果应向公众发表声明。_____________________________________________________________________________banning

(should)befittedItisadvocatedthatthisbadconsequenceshouldbestatedtothepublic.教材原句...theAmish’squalityoflifeisbettersincetheyliveinandappreciatethenatural

environmentratherthanlivinginlarge,pollutedcities.

……阿曼门诺派的生活质量更好，因为他们生活在自然环境中，欣赏自然，而不

是生活在污染严重的大城市里。ratherthan而不是；与其，宁愿I’llhaveacolddrinkratherthancoffee.我要喝冷饮，而不是咖啡。Theywereshoutingratherthantalking.他们不是在谈话，而是在叫喊。Ratherthancausetrouble，heleft.他不愿意惹麻烦，宁可离去。【学法点拨】(1)ratherthan用于连接两个并列成分。(2)ratherthan连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应与ratherthan前面的成分在人称和数上

保持一致。具有相同用法的词语还有aswellas，togetherwith，with等。(3)ratherthan连接两个不定式时，后一个不定式常省略to。当ratherthan位于句首时，后常跟

不带to的不定式。

【归纳拓展】prefertodo...ratherthando...woulddo...ratherthando...宁愿……而不愿做……wouldratherdo...thando...Theboypreferstotakethetoyapartratherthanthrowitaway.=Theboywouldtakethetoyapartratherthanthrowitaway.=Theboywouldrathertakethetoyapartthanthrowitaway.这个男孩宁愿把玩具拆开而不愿扔掉。完成句子(1)Wecanachievealotwhenwelearntoletourdifferencesunite，〔而不是〕divideus.(2)I___________________________________________________________________________________________________〔宁愿去工作而不愿〕watchTVathome.单句语法填空(3)PeterratherthanI〔doubt〕whethertheproblemisworththinkingabout.(4)Theyansweredviolencewithviolenceratherthan〔accept〕theywerelessimportant.(5)Facinguptoyourproblemsratherthan〔run〕awayfromthemisthebestapproachtoworkingthingsout.

ratherthan

prefertogotoworkratherthan/wouldgotoworkratherthan/

wouldrathergotoworkthan

doubtsacceptedrunning解题指导：考查主谓一致，谓语动词与ratherthan前的成分一致。教材原句Ontheotherhand，newtechnologyhasprovidedpeopleeverywherewithmanybenefitsovertheyears.另一方面，新技术多年来为各地的人们提供了许多好处。9providesb.withsth.给某人提供某物〔=providesth.forsb.〕Theyprovidedthesuffererswithfoodandclothes.=Theyprovidedfoodandclothesforthesufferers.他们提供食物和衣服给受难者。【词语辨析】provide，supply与offerprovide强调主动提供offersb.sth.offersth.tosb.

offerCowssupplyuswithmilk.=Cowssupplymilktous.奶牛供给我们牛奶。尤指大量供给、供给supplysb.withsth.supplysth.tosb.Heofferedmeajob.=Heofferedajobtome.他为我提供了一份工作。易混词辨析例句强调提供所需之物providesb.withsth.providesth.forsb.

Theyprovidedthechildrenwithfood.=Theyprovidedfoodforthechildren.他们给孩子们提供食物。

supply单句语法填空(1)Ourschoollibrarycanprovideallkindsofgoodbooks

students.(2)Weprovidedthehomeless

foodandclothes.(3)Finally，themanagerofferedagoodjob

me.(4)Theywerearrestedforsupplyingdrugs

streetdealers.(5)Thenewspapersuppliesus

avarietyofnewseveryday.同义句转换(6)Theprojectisdesignedtoprovideyoungpeoplewithwork.→Theprojectisdesignedto

.

forwithtotowith

provideworkforyoungpeople教材原句Moreover,theInternethasmadeitpossibleforfriendsandfamilytokeepintoucheasilyeveniftheyareonoppositesidesoftheworld.此外，互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。10keepintouch〔with...〕〔与……〕保持联系；了解〔某课题或领域的情况〕Youmustkeepyoureyesonthetargetalertly,andkeepintouchwithusatanytime.你必须警觉地盯着目标，并随时与我们保持联系。【归纳拓展】stay/beintouch〔with〕〔与……〕保持联系losetouch〔with〕/beoutoftouch〔with〕〔与……〕失去联系getintouch〔with〕〔与……〕取得联系Iregrethavinglosttouchwithmostofmyfriendsfromcollege.我懊悔与大学时期的大多数朋友失去了联系。

We’vebeenoutoftouchwiththepsychologistforyearsnow.我们至今已有数年未与那位心理学家联系了。It’smucheasiertogetintouchwithyourrelativesusingmobilephones.用同你的亲戚取得联系要方便得多。【误区警示】lose/getintouch〔with〕表示动作，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用keep/stay/beintouch〔with〕表示状态，可与表示一段时间的状语连用beoutoftouch〔with〕完成句子(1)We〔一直与……保持联系〕eachotherbyemailsincethen.(2)Gladtomeetyouandhereismycard.Let’s〔保持联系〕.(3)Tomyregret，I〔与……失去了联系〕myclosefriend.(4)Tomakeiteasierto〔与……取得联系〕us,you’dbetterkeepthiscardathand.havebeenintouchwith解题指导：havebeenintouchwith此处强调状态持续,sincethen提示应用现在完成时。keep/stayintouchlosttouchwithgetintouchwith11evenif/though即使，虽然Evenifhesufferedfromalotofdifficulties，henevergavein.尽管经历许多困难，但他从不屈服。【学法点拨】evenif/though引导让步状语从句，主句如果用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。EvenifIfailthistime，Iwilltryagain.即使这次失败了，我还要再试试。【误区警示】asif/though“好似，仿佛〞，引导表语从句或方式状语从句。当说话人认为所说的情况是事实时，就用陈述语气；当说话人认为所说的情况可能不是事实时，那么用虚拟语气。Hespokeasifhehadbeentothespaceport.他说得就好似他去过宇航基地似的。辨析填空：evenif/asif(1)Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen,he’sinhisnineties.(2)ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeIhaddoneit?完成句子(3)〔即使〕everyoneisopposedtomyplan，I’llsticktoit.(4)TheforeignertalksaboutChineseculture〔好像〕heweremorefamiliarwithitthanhisown.evenifasifEvenif/thoughasif教材原句Nevertheless,Iwillalwayslookonthepositivesideofchangeandacceptitratherthanresistit.然而，我总是会看到变化积极的一面，接受它，而不是抵抗它。resistv.抵抗；对抗；抵挡搭配resist〔doing〕sth.抵抗〔做〕某事can’tresistdoingsth.〔=can’thelpdoingsth.〕忍不住做某事Thebankstronglyresistedcuttinginterestrates.这家银行强烈反对降低利率。Hewaschargedwithtryingtoresistarrest.他被控企图拒捕。one’sabilitytoresistinfection某人抗感染的能力【误区警示】can’tresistdoingsth.〔√〕忍不住做某事can’tresisttodosth.〔×〕【词语积累】resistancen.抵抗；抵抗力resistantadj.抵抗的；有抵抗力的单句语法填空(1)Shecouldhardlyresist〔cry〕whensheheardthatshehadn’tpassedthetest.(2)Formonthsthecompanyhasresisted〔change〕itsaccountssystem.(3)Theno-smokingpolicywasintroducedwithlittle〔resist〕fromstaff.翻译句子(4)这对年轻夫妇忍不住炫耀他们的新车。Theyoungcouplecouldn’ttheirnewcar.cryingchangingresistanceresistshowingoff教材原句It’sdifficulttomakeaccuratepredictionabouttheeffectsontheenvironment.对环境的影响很难作出准确的预测。13accurateadj.精确的；准确的

beaccuratein在……方面准确搭配tobeaccurate精确地说Wehaven’tyethadanaccuratetimetabletopublishthesebooks.出版这些书，我们还没有准确的时间表。Journalistsarenotalwaysaccurate

inwhattheywrite.新闻工作者的报道并不总是准确的。

【词语辨析】accurate与exact易混词辨析例句accurateexact“准确的〞,强调审慎、小心地做到与事实相符，同某一客观标准一致，侧重精确度Wehopetobecomemoreaccurateinpredictingearthquakes.我们希望能更准确地预报地震。“确切的〞,强调完全符合标准、事实或真相，丝毫无过失Idon’tknowtheexacttermsoftheagreement.我不知道该协议确实切条款。【词语积累】完成句子(1)〔精确地说〕，210journalistsattendedthemeeting.单句语法填空(2)Thelosshasnotyetbeencalculated〔accurate〕，butitisbelievedtobewellbeyondahundredmilliondollars.(3)Theyquestionedthe〔accurate〕oftheinformationinthefile.辨析填空：accurate/exact(4)TheyearwhichAngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2021.(5)Ashisbestfriend，Icanmakeguessesabouthowhewillreacttoyouridea.accuratelyadv.准确地，精确地+icy+-lyaccuracyn.准确，精确accurateadj..Tobeaccurate

accuratelyaccuracyexactaccurate解题指导：accurately修饰动词calculated要用副词。解题指导：位于定冠词the后，介词of前，要用名词形式accuracy。重点句式教材原句Ontheonehand，therearemanydifferentgroupsofpeoplearoundtheworldwholivehappilyintheabsenceofnewtechnology.一方面，世界上有许多不同的群体，他们在没有新技术的情况下幸福地生活着。ontheonehand“一方面〞,常与ontheotherhand并列使用,意为“一方面……，另一方面……〞。Thejobwasn’tveryinteresting，butontheotherhand，itwaswell-paid.那份工作没多大意思，但另一方面，工资很高。Ontheonehand，Ineedtoswitchtoanotherjob，butontheotherhand，Istilllikemypresentone.一方面，我想换份工作；但是另一方面，我还喜欢现在的工作。【误区警示】(1)ontheotherhand用来说明问题的另一方面或对方的观点、思想等。(2)onthecontrary〔正相反〕用来表示相反的另一种情况。(3)foronething...foranother...〔一那么……，再那么……〕常用于列举原因或理由，陈述的两方面情况通常一致。Itwasn’tagoodthing；onthecontrary，itwasahugemistake.那不是件好事，恰恰相反，那是个巨大的错误。Foronething，Ihavenomoney；foranother，I’mtoobusy.一那么我没有钱，再那么我太忙。单句语法填空(1)I’dliketoeatout，butonotherhandIshouldbetryingtosavemoney.(2)—Whywon’tyoucometoNewYorkwithme?—Foronething，Idon’tlikeflying，andanother，Ican’taffordit.完成句子(3)(一方面)hewantstoworkabroad,but___________________〔另一方面〕，hedoesn’twanttoleavehisparents.(4)Heseemstobegivingtheimpressionthathedidn’tenjoyhimselfinParis._________________〔正相反〕，hehadawonderfultime.(5)Startingyourownbusinesscouldbeawaytoachievefinancialindependence.〔另一方面〕，itcouldjustputyouindebt.theforOntheonehandontheotherhandOnthecontraryOntheotherhand教材原句Moreover,theInternethasmadeitpossibleforfriendsandfamilytokeepintoucheasilyeveniftheyareonoppositesidesoftheworld.此外，互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。【句式分析】在该结构中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式结构。本句中it后的形容词possible为宾语补足语，for后的fr