备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（新高考Ⅰ卷专用）（解析版）

备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（新高考I卷专用）黄金卷02（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Aclassmate. B．Asubject. C．Abook.【答案】A【原文】W:Ireallylikeournewclassmate,Linda.Shecantalkaboutmanydifferentsubjects.M:Yes,sheknowsalotbecauseshelikesreadingbooks.2．Howdoesthewomansound?A．Annoyed. B．Surprised. C．Confused.【答案】B【原文】M:Hi,Elizabeth.Happybirthday!W:Oh,Tommy,you’vecome!Ididn’tthinkyou’dmakeittomyparty.M:Yeah.Icamebackonedayearly.Here’syourpresent.3．Whereisthewomanprobably?A．Athome. B．Inacar. C．Inahospital.【答案】C【原文】M:Hey,Lisa.Haveyouseenthedoctoryet?W:Yes.HethoughtmylegwasbrokenandsuggestedthatIshouldtakeanX-ray.Imightneedtostayathomeforalongtime.M:OK.Textmewhenyou’refinishedandI’llcometopickyouup.4．Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A．Tidyupthebackyard. B．Finishherhomework. C．Cleanthecar.【答案】A【原文】M:Mary,canyoutidyupallyourtoysfromthebackyardbeforeyourmomgetshome?W:Surething,Dad.I’mjustfinishingmyhomework.M:OK.I’llbeoutsidecleaningthecarifyouneedme.5．Whenwillthemangettothebusstation?A．At12:00. B．At12:20. C．At12:35.【答案】B【原文】M:I’monthetraintoCentralStation.Itgetsinat12:00.Thatgivesme20minutestogettothebusstation.W:OK.I’llwaitforyouatGate35whenyougethere.It’sthebustoAberdeen.M:Great.Seeyousoon.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．WhatdoesJennysayaboutthebeginningofrunningherhotel?A．Itwaseasy. B．Itwasinteresting. C．Itwastough.7．HowlongdoesJennyworkduringthebusyseason?A．30hoursaweek. B．45hoursaweek. C．80hoursaweek.【答案】6．C7．B【原文】M:Howlonghaveyoubeenrunningyourhotel,Jenny?W:Istartedalmost10yearsago.M:Wasiteasytostartwith?W:Notatall.Iloveitnow,butitwasreallyhardatfirst.IalmostwishIhadkeptanormaljob.M:Why?W:Well,inthebeginning.Iwasworkingalmost80hoursaweek.M:Eightyhours!W:Youheardmeright.Now,Iworkabout45hoursaweekduringthebusyseason,and30hoursduringtheoff-season.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．WhatisTomdoingnow?A．Playingcomputergames.B．Doingsomelaundry. C．Choosingapresent.9．Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardsthemanintheend?A．Impatient. B．Doubtful. C．Approving.【答案】8．C9．C【原文】W:Tom,canyouhelpmedosomewashing?M:SorryIcan’t.Ihavesomethingmoreimportanttodorightnow.W:Ibetyouareplayingcomputergames.Stopthatstupidthing!M:ActuallyI’mlookingforaspecialgiftforyourmother’sbirthday.Ifyoudon’tlikethat,I’llstopitrightnow.W:Uh...Inthatcase,Ithinkyoucantakeasmuchtimeasyouneed.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10．WhatisTimworriedabout?A．Sayingthewrongthing.B．Losinghisstudypartner.C．Havingtoomanyquestions.11．HowdoesTimfeelabouttheargumentbetweenstudentsandteachers?A．Itiscommon. B．Itisshocking. C．Itisexciting.12．Whatwillthewomandonext?A．Takeaclass. B．Workonaproject. C．Haveadiscussion.【答案】10．A11．B12．A【原文】W:AnythingIcanhelpwith.Tim?M:Well,everyoneelseseemssocomfortableaskingquestionsorgivingtheiropinionsinclassdiscussions.Iworryaboutsayingthewrongthing.W:Mostteachersaren’tlookingforaspecificanswer,soIdon’tthinkyouneedtoworry.Asforquestions.ifyoudon’tunderstand.thenyou’reprobablynottheonlyone.M:Somestudentsevenarguewiththeteacher!Ican’timaginethat.W:Actually.teachersdon’tusuallymindaslongasyoumakeagoodargument.M:Theguidelinesforprojectsalsoseemmuchmoreopen-endedthanI’musedto.W:Icanhelpyouwiththatonthisproject.ButIdon’thavetimerightnow.Ihaveanotherclasstogettoin10minutes.Howaboutmeetingupafterclass?M:Thanks.Seeyouthen.听下面一段长对话,回答小题。13．Wherearethespeakers?A．Inanoffice. B．Inacar. C．Inaclinic.14．Whatdidthemando?A．Heworkedallnight.B．HewatchedTVthewholeday.C．Hewenttoahospitalatmidnight.15．What’swrongwiththeman’sfather?A．Hehasaheartproblem. B．Hehasabadcough. C．Hehasaheadache.16．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A．Takesomemedicine. B．Domoreexercise. C．Askforleave.【答案】13．B14．C15．A16．C【原文】W:Takecare!Youaredrivingofftheroad.M:I’msorry.Iwasn’tnoticing.W:Youseemtobequitesleepy.Didyousleepwelllastnight?M:Ididn’tsleepthewholenight.W:Why?M:IwatchedTVuntilmidnight.Iwasabouttogotobedwhenmyfathersuddenlygotill.SoIhadtotakehimtothehospital.W:Isyourfatherseriouslyill?M:Yes,very.Thedoctorsayshehastostayinhospitalforsometime.W:Butwhat’swrongwithhim?M:Hehassomethingwrongwithhisheart.W:Whynotaskforleavethismorning?Isuggestyounotgotoworkthismorningandtakeagoodrestathome.M:No,Ican’t.I’mstillnewintheoffice.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17．Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A．Somewaystokeephealthy.B．Someofhisfavouritesports.C．Thewaytosolveproblems.18．Wheredoesthespeakerprobablylive?A．Inthecountryside. B．Inabigcity. C．Bythesea.19．Whatdidthespeakerdotenyearsago?A．HeclimbedtheAlps.B．HetookpartinLondonMarathon.C．Hefinishedacourseiniceclimbing.20．Whydoesthespeaker’swifeseldomgoclimbing?A．Shehasnotime. B．Sheisn’tstrongenough. C．Sheisafraidofclimbing.【答案】17．B18．A19．C20．B【原文】M:Hi,I’mMike.NowIwanttotellyousomethingaboutmyafter-workactivities.I’minterestedinsports.Iexerciseeverydaytokeephealthy.Ienjoyrunningparticularly.Irunacrossfieldsandjumpoverstreamsaroundmyhomeeverymorning.WhileI’mrunning,Ithinkaboutallsortsofthings.SometimesI’msurprisedtofindthatI’vemanagedtosolvetheproblemthatwasonmymind.I’mgoingtotryLondonMarathonnextyear.It’salonghardrace,butIwanttodoitverymuch.I’minterestedinclimbingaswell.I’llneverbecomeanexpertclimber,butIsuccessfullycompletedacourseiniceclimbingtenyearsago,andIdidaseriesofeasyclimbsintheAlpsduringthenextfewyearsafterthat.Mywifedoesn’tsharemyinterests.Shewentclimbingwithmeoncebutshefoundshefeltillassoonasshegotabout1,000metres.Sowedecidedtofollowdifferenthobbies.Anyway,Ienjoymyselfbydoingsports.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（23·24上·厦门·阶段练习）Campingtips:Whichovernightwildernessexperienceisrightforyou?Ifyou’reanexperiencedbackpacker,readnofurther.Thisarticleisforcampingrookies,thosewhohaveneversleptbeneaththestarsorhaven’tpitchedatentsincetheiryouthbutareseriouslythinkingaboutovernightinginthewilderness.CarcampingAtitsmostbasic,carcampinginvolvespackingatent,sleepingbag,fold-upchair,coolerandcampstoveintoyourvehicleandstayingatadrive-upcampground.Nearlyeverynationalpark,andmanystateandcountyparksandprivatefacilities,offerdrive-upcampgroundswithrestrooms,potablewater,fireringsorpits,andmaybeevenhotshowers.Sotherearelotsofchoices.Thedownsideofcarcampingisthefactthatthesecampgroundsareoftenpackedwithothercampers.Notalotofprivacy,theycanbenoisy,andpossiblyhinderyourquestofcommuningwithnature.BackpackingNovehiclerequired;justyourfeetandagoodpairofhikingbootsorshoestogetyoutothenextovernightspot.Amulti-dayhikingtripiswithoutdoubtthemostimmersivewaytoexperiencethegreatoutdoors.Differentfrommaybecarcamping,itrequirestheleastexpenseandequipment.Allyoureallyneedareabackpack,sleepingbag,waterbottle,smallfirst-aidkit,enoughfoodtolasttheentiretravel.Itcanbedonejustaboutanywhereontheplanet.BoatCampingWhilethisdoesinvolveowningorrentingawatercraftorusingaferryorwatertaxiservicetoreachtheovernightsite,campingviacanoe,kayak,raftorboatoffersasimilarget-away-from-it-alladventureasbackpacking.Experiencedpaddlersandboatersusuallyprefertocampontheirownalongasecludedshoreline.Butmanyadventureorwildernessoutfittersofferguidedtripsthatcanlastanywherefromacoupleofdaystotwoorthreeweeks.Withaboat,youcansometimescampplacesthatnotevenbackpackerscanreach.21．Whoaretheintendedreaders?A．Red-bloodedmales B．White-collarstaffC．Blue-bloodedtourists D．Green-handcampers22．Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A．Backpackingallowsyoutocommunicatewithnaturedeeply.B．Carcampingisthemosteconomicwaytoexperiencenature.C．Thedrive-upcampgroundsprovidepeoplewithprivateenvironment.D．Boatcampingoffersthesameadventuresasbackpacking.23．Inwhichcolumnwillyoufindthispassage?A．Feature B．Style C．Travel D．Entertainment【答案】21．D22．A23．C【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了针对于露营新手的几种露营方式和建议。21．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Thisarticleisforcampingrookies,thosewhohaveneversleptbeneaththestarsorhaven’tpitchedatentsincetheiryouthbutareseriouslythinkingaboutovernightinginthewilderness.(这篇文章是写给露营新手的，这些人从年轻时就没有在星空下睡过觉，也没有搭过帐篷，但他们正在认真考虑在野外过夜)”可推知，这篇文章的目标读者应该是新手露营者。故选D项。22．细节理解题。根据Backpacking中“Amulti-dayhikingtripiswithoutdoubtthemostimmersivewaytoexperiencethegreatoutdoors.(多日徒步旅行无疑是体验户外美景的最身临其境的方式)”可知，背包旅行可以让你与自然进行深入的交流。故选A项。23．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及标题“Campingtips:Whichovernightwildernessexperienceisrightforyou?(露营小贴士：哪种过夜的野外体验适合你？)”和第一段“Ifyou’reanexperiencedbackpacker,readnofurther.Thisarticleisforcampingrookies,thosewhohaveneversleptbeneaththestarsorhaven’tpitchedatentsincetheiryouthbutareseriouslythinkingaboutovernightinginthewilderness.(如果你是一个有经验的背包客，不要再往下读了。这篇文章是写给露营新手的，这些人从年轻时就没有在星空下睡过觉，也没有搭过帐篷，但他们正在认真考虑在野外过夜)”可知，文章主要讲的是针对于露营新手的几种露营方式和建议。由此推知，你可能在旅行板块一栏找到这篇文章。故选C项。B（23·24上·福州·期中）IliveinXizhouinYunnanProvince,onthehistoricTeaHorseRoad.IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.LastMay,ImetPaul.HetoldmethatitwashisfirsttimeinChina.Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20th-centuryAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.IdecidedtoaccompanyPaulonhiswalktowardYunnan.OnSeptember28,2021,wesetout.Ourdaysweresimple:walk,eat,sleep,andrepeat.Wewokeupatsunrise,setoffinhighspirits,andrestedatsunset,draggingourselvesintoexhaustedsleep.Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus:somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.Together,wewereimpressedbythebiodiversityoftheGaoligongMountains.AsIwalkedonancientpathsthroughmountains,Iseemedtoheartheantiquevoicesofpasttravelersurgingmetobecarefulontheroad.Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother’scultures.24．HowdidthewriterfirstrespondtoPaul’stravelplan?A．Amused. B．Surprised. C．Confused. D．Puzzled.25．WhatcanwelearnaboutPaulSalopekfromparagraph2?A．Hewasawesternjournalist. B．HehadaknowledgeofChina.C．HecametoChinaseveraltimes. D．HewasJosephRock’sacquaintance.26．Whatdoesparagraph4tellusaboutthewriterandPaul?A．Theyhonoredtheancestors. B．Theysetoffinhighspirits.C．Theysatisfiedthelocals’curiosity. D．Theybuiltbondswithpeople.27．Whatisthemainpurposeofthewriter’swritingthetext?A．Toshareandreflectonajourney. B．Tosuggestanewwayoftravel.C．Toadvocateprotectionofbiodiversity. D．TointroduceandpromoteChineseculture.【答案】24．B25．B26．D27．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者住在云南喜洲，在历史悠久的茶马古道上，遇到了要用双脚环游地球的PaulSalopek，决定陪保罗去云南，描述了他们路上的见闻和感悟。24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.(我不得不承认，当我第一次听说PaulSalopek要用自己的两只脚走完整个地球时，我惊呆了。我无法想象世界上会有这样一个不寻常的人。)”可推知，作者最初对保罗的旅行计划感到吃惊，故选B。25．推理判断题。根据第二段的“HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20th-centuryAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.(他谈到了蜀盐渡道（南方丝绸之路）、17世纪中国探险家徐霞客的旅行、茶马古道和20世纪初美国植物学家约瑟夫·洛克。他还谈到了玄奘。保罗认为他们中的许多人是英雄，在某种意义上是中国慢新闻的先驱。)”可知，PaulSalopek对中国有一定的了解。故选B。26．主旨大意题。根据第四段的“Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus:somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.(我们在路上遇到了很多人。有些人很好奇，围在我们周围看着我们；有些人给我们指路;有些人邀请我们到他们家里休息；一些人谈到了他们家乡的魅力。我们遇到了许多美丽的灵魂，简单的灵魂和温暖的灵魂。我们在用我们的意念行走。)”可知，第四段主要说明了作者和保罗与人们建立了联系。故选D。27．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother’scultures.(回顾和保罗一起走过的200多英里，我有了一个认识。走路本身，虽然健康和令人钦佩，只是一小部分的好处与我们的脚移动。更深层的回报是重新发现我们周围的世界，缩短彼此之间的距离，分享彼此的文化。)”并结合文章主要讲述了作者住在云南喜洲，在历史悠久的茶马古道上，遇到了要用双脚环游地球的PaulSalopek，决定陪保罗去云南，描述了他们路上的见闻和感悟可推知，文章的目的是分享和回顾一段旅程。故选A。C（23·24上·湖北·阶段练习）Youarewhatyoueat—andwhatyoueatmaybeencodedinyourDNA．Studieshaveindicatedthatyourgeneticsplayaroleindeterminingthefoodsyoufinddeliciousordisgusting.“Everythinghasageneticcomponent,evenifit’ssmall,”saysJoanneCole,ageneticistandaprofessorattheUniversityofColoradoSchoolofMedicine.“Weknowthereissomegeneticcontributiontowhyweeatthefoodsweeat.Canwetakethenextstepandactuallyshowtheexactpositionoftheregionsinthegenome(染色体)?”AnewresearchledbyColehasgottenastepcloser.Throughalarge-scalegenomicsanalysis,herteamhasidentified481genomeregionsthatweredirectlylinkedtodietarypatternsandfoodpreferences.ThefindingswerepresentedattheAmericanSocietyforNutrition’sannualflagshipconference.Theywerebasedona2020NatureCommunicationsstudybyColeandhercolleaguesthatuseddatafromtheU.K.Biobank,apublicdatabaseofthegeneticandhealthinformationof500,000participants.Byscanninggenomes,thenewanalysiswasabletohomeinon194regionsassociatedwithdietarypatternsand287linkedtospecificfoodssuchasfruit,cheese,fish,teaandalcohol.“Thisstudyhadahugenumberofsubjects,sothat’sreallypowerful,”saysMonicaDus,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan,whowasn’tapartofthenewresearchbutstudiestherelationshipbetweengenesandnutrition.“TheotherthingthatIthoughtwasreallygreatisthattheyhavesomanydifferentcharacteristicsthatthey’remeasuringinrespecttodiet.Theyhadcholesterol,thebody,socioeconomicbackgrounds.”Astheresearchadvances,Dussayssuchgenomeanalysescouldpossiblyhelphealthcareproviders—andevenpolicymakers—addresslargerissuesthataffectfoodaccessandhealth.“Insteadoftryingtoobsessovertellingpeopletoeatthisorthat,amorepowerfulinterventionistolinkittomakingsuretherearen’t‘fooddeserts’ortomakesurethatthere’sahigherminimumwage—thingsthathaveabroaderimpact,”shesays.28．WhatisthepurposeofCole’snewresearch?A．ToencodetheroleofDNAindeterminingfoodchoices.B．Toselectgeneticcomponentstightlyrelatedtofoodconsumption.C．Tofigureouttherelationshipbetweengeneticsandfoodpreferences.D．Toidentifyspecificregionsinthegenomerelatedtofoodpreferences.29．What’sparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Theprocessofthestudy. B．Thefindingsofthestudy.C．Thedata-sourceofthestudy. D．Thesignificanceofthestudy.30．WhatdoesMonicaDusmeaninthetext?A．Thesubjectsofthestudyarepowerful.B．Theresearchteamstudiedmanyaspectslinkingtodiet.C．Thegenomeanalyseshavenoprospectinthefuture.D．People’swageshouldberaisedbecauseof“fooddeserts”.31．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A．WhatYouEatImpactsYourHealthB．WhatYouEatFormsYourDietaryPatternC．YourGenesMayDetermineYourNutritionalNeedD．YourGenesMayInfluenceWhatYouLiketoEat【答案】28．D29．B30．B31．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，研究表明基因在决定你觉得食物是美味还是难吃方面有一定的作用。28．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Canwetakethenextstepandactuallyshowtheexactpositionoftheregionsinthegenome(染色体)?(我们能进一步准确定位其在染色体中的区域吗？)”可知，Cole开展研究就是要确定决定食物偏好基因在染色体上的具体位点。故选D。29．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Theywerebasedona2020NatureCommunicationsstudybyColeandhercolleaguesthatuseddatafromtheU.K.Biobank,apublicdatabaseofthegeneticandhealthinformationof500,000participants.Byscanninggenomes,thenewanalysiswasabletohomeinon194regionsassociatedwithdietarypatternsand287linkedtospecificfoodssuchasfruit,cheese,fish,teaandalcohol.(他们是基于科尔和她的同事在2020年《自然通讯》上发表的一项研究，该研究使用了英国生物银行的数据，这是一个包含50万参与者遗传和健康信息的公共数据库。通过扫描基因组，新的分析能够锁定194个与饮食模式相关的区域，以及287个与水果、奶酪、鱼、茶和酒精等特定食物相关的区域)”可知，本段主要讲的是研究的结果及前景。故选B。30．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“TheotherthingthatIthoughtwasreallygreatisthattheyhavesomanydifferentcharacteristicsthatthey’remeasuringinrespecttodiet.(我认为另一件很棒的事情是他们在饮食方面测量了很多不同的特征)”可推知，研究小组研究了与饮食有关的许多方面的不同特征。故选B。31．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Youarewhatyoueat—andwhatyoueatmaybeencodedinyourDNA.Studieshaveindicatedthatyourgeneticsplayaroleindeterminingthefoodsyoufinddeliciousordisgusting.(你吃什么就是什么——你吃的东西可能被编码在你的DNA中。研究表明，你的基因在决定你觉得美味或恶心的食物方面起着重要作用)”及下文介绍可知，文章介绍了一项研究，研究表明基因在决定你觉得食物是美味还是难吃方面有一定的作用。由此可知，YourGenesMayInfluenceWhatYouLiketoEat(你的基因可能会影响你喜欢吃什么)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。D（23·24上·广东肇庆·一模）Healthyhumanskiniscoveredwithbacteria(细菌)thatarequicktosettleinanopenwound.Topreventtheseorganismsfromspreadingthroughthebody,whichcanpermanentlyinjureorkillaperson,theinfectedwoundmayneedtobecleanedandtreatedwithantibiotics.Medicalprofessionalstypicallyidentifyinfectionsbyunwrappingandobservingawoundorbyswabbing(用拭子擦拭)itandconductingalaboratorytest.Butremovingawounddressingcanslowdownthehealingprocess.Plus,observationsaresubjective,whileswabteststaketimeandrequirethatapatientbephysicallypresent.Toaddresstheseissues,someresearchteamsaredevelopingdevicesthatsitunderbandagesandcontinuouslymonitorindirectsignsofinfection,suchaschangesinwoundtemperatureoracidity.AndscientistsattheNationalUniversityofSingaporehavenowcreatedanevenmoredirectinfectionsensor.Thissensorcandetectanenzyme(酶)calledDNase.Theenzymeactsasareliableinfectionindicatorbecausedisease-causingbacteriaproduceitinlargeamountsinsidewounds,whereasbacteriaonhealthyskindonot—sotestingforthesubstancereducesthechanceofafalsepositiveresult.Furthermore,DNasebuildsupbeforeotherinfectionsignsappear.Thenewalertsystem,nicknamedthe“wirelessinfectiondetectiononwounds”(WINDOW)sensor,wasdetailedinScienceAdvances.WINDOWsenzyme-sensingpartsrelyonamaterialcalledDNAgel.TheresearchersdevelopedaparticularkindofDNAgelthatremainsstableinwateryenvironments,suchasthehumanbody,butbeginstobreakdowninthepresenceofDNase.Theyconnectedthisgel(凝胶)toachipthatsenseswhenthegelrespondsbysendingasignaltoasmartphone.Thusfar,theteamhasexposedtheDNAgeltowoundswabsfrom18people’swoundstoseehowmuchthematerialdegradedinthepresenceofthebacteria.Theresearchersalsousedthedeviceonsixlivinglabmicewhosewoundswereexposedtothesamebacterialspecies,anditsuccessfullydetectedinfections.32．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theharmofcommonwounds.B．Thetreatmentofinfectedwounds.C．Theinterventiononwoundhealing.D．Thedilemmaofinfectionobservation.33．HowdoestheWINDOWsensordetectinfections?A．Bycomparingwoundacidity.B．BydetectingtheDNaseenzyme.C．Bymeasuringthebacteriaamount.D．Byobservingchangesinwoundcolor.34．WhatcanweexpectoftheWINDOWsensorinthefuture?A．Itwillcutdownthelengthofinfection-treating.B．Itcouldreducethecostofinfectionobservation.C．Itcanmonitorwoundscontinuouslyandremotely.D．Itmighthelpconductlaboratorytestsonwounds.35．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．InnovationsinWoundInfectionDetectionB．RemovingtheDangersofOpenWoundsC．RecognizingtheRoleofDNaseinHealingD．ChallengesinWoundCareandTreatment【答案】32．D33．B34．C35．A【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种能够检测识别伤口感染的新设备。32．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Medicalprofessionalstypicallyidentifyinfectionsbyunwrappingandobservingawoundorbyswabbing(用拭子擦拭)itandconductingalaboratorytest.Butremovingawounddressingcanslowdownthehealingprocess.Plus,observationsaresubjective,whileswabteststaketimeandrequirethatapatientbephysicallypresent.”（医疗专业人员通常通过打开和观察伤口或通过擦拭伤口并进行实验室测试来识别感染。但是去除伤口敷料会减缓愈合过程；此外，观察是主观的，而棉签测试需要时间，并且需要患者亲自到场。）可知，第一段主要表达了医疗人员所用的观察识别感染的方法，在实施过程中还是有一定困难和弊端的，可见是处于困境中。故选D。33．推理判断题。根据第三段“Theenzymeactsasareliableinfectionindicatorbecausedisease-causingbacteriaproduceitinlargeamountsinsidewounds,whereasbacteriaonhealthyskindonot—sotestingforthesubstancereducesthechanceofafalsepositiveresult.”（这种酶是一种可靠的感染指标，因为伤口内的致病细菌会大量产生这种酶，而健康皮肤上的细菌则不会，因此检测这种物质可以减少假阳性结果的可能性。）和“Thenewalertsystem,nicknamedthe“wirelessinfectiondetectiononwounds”(WINDOW)sensor,wasdetailedinScienceAdvances.”（这种新的警报系统被称为“伤口无线感染检测”(WINDOW)传感器，详细内容发表在《科学进展》杂志上。）可知，WINDOW是通过检测DNase酶来检测感染的。故选B。34．推理判断题。根据第四段“Theyconnectedthisgel(凝胶)toachipthatsenseswhenthegelrespondsbysendingasignaltoasmartphone.”（他们将这种凝胶连接到一个芯片上，该芯片通过向智能手机发送信号来感知凝胶的反应。）可知，在未来，WINDOW感应器可以通过智能手机来持续地进行远程监控伤口情况。故选C。35．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Toaddresstheseissues,someresearchteamsaredevelopingdevicesthatsitunderbandagesandcontinuouslymonitorindirectsignsofinfection,”（为了解决这些问题，一些研究团队正在开发一种设备，这种设备可以放在绷带下，持续监测感染的间接迹象）和“AndscientistsattheNationalUniversityofSingaporehavenowcreatedanevenmoredirectinfectionsensor.”（新加坡国立大学的科学家们现在发明了一种更直接的感染传感器。）以及下文对这种设备的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了一种检测伤口感染的新的设备，是伤口感染检测的创新。所以用A项“InnovationsinWoundInfectionDetection”作为本文的标题与文章主题相符合。故选A。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（23·24上·山东济宁·期中）Aworkableandprettyeasysolutiontoimprovingyourlisteningskillsisthatyoubegintorealizehowmuchofyourabilitytobeaneffectivelistenerisreallyaboutyou,nottheotherpersonandhowfascinatingorboringtheyare.36Wetendtoassumethatlisteningislittlemorethanshowingupandpayingattentiontotheotherperson.37It’sworthnoticinghowweinstinctively(本能地)listeninconversationandwhetherornotthatgivenlisteningmodeisreallywhat’scalledfor.Youneedtoidentifyyourpersonal“hotspots”.38Whetherit’stalkingaboutclimatechangeorFather’sDay,whenyouarenotinterestedatall,yourealizeitishardtoconcentrate.Thatkindofself-knowledgecomesbyhavingascientificapproachandobservingyourselfinaction.39Forexample,yoursurroundingenvironment,thetopicathand,orevenparticularcompanymayaffectyourabilitytolisten.Whenyoudothis,youcanmoreeasilyseewhatgetsinthewayofyourabilitytolistenandunderstand.Thusthatmakesmanyofourwork-relatedconversationsmucheasier.Inaperformancerevieworheateddebate,youcanremindyourselfifyou’rehavinganemotionalresponsetofeedbackandarehavingtroublehearingtheotherpersonout.Observingandlearningfromyourbehavior,andnoticinghowyouareaffectedbyyoursurroundingshelpyouuncoveryouruniqueneedsfordoingyourbestlistening.40A．Consideringexternalfactorsisalsoimportant.B．Besides,getcuriousaboutyourconversationstyle.C．Infact,ifthey’reboring,insomewaysthatisonyou.D．Butit’salsodeeplytiedtopayingattentiontoourselves.E．Effectivelisteningisaboutcreatingthespaceforotherstoexpressthemselves.F．Thetopicsarewhatuniquelysetyouoffandemotionallyinspireyouinsomeways.G．Thosearegoingtohelpeverythingfrommeetingstoclientpresentationsrunsmoothly.【答案】36．C37．D38．F39．A40．G【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何从自身的因素出发，去有效提升倾听技巧。36．前文“Aworkableandprettyeasysolutiontoimprovingyourlisteningskillsisthatyoubegintorealizehowmuchofyourabilitytobeaneffectivelistenerisreallyaboutyou,nottheotherpersonandhowfascinatingorboringtheyare.(提高倾听技巧的一个可行且非常简单的解决方案是，你开始意识到你成为一个有效倾听者的能力有多大程度上是关于你自己的，而不是其他人的，以及他们是多么迷人或无聊)”指出提高倾听技巧在于意识到自己的能力和他人的状态，因此C项“Infact,ifthey’reboring,insomewaysthatisonyou.(事实上，如果他们无聊，在某种程度上是你的责任)”符合语境，承接前文，强调重点在于自己，其中的boring和前文的boring是同词复现。故选C。37．前文“Wetendtoassumethatlisteningislittlemorethanshowingupandpayingattentiontotheotherperson.(我们倾向于认为倾听只不过是出现并关注对方)”指出普遍的倾向是认为倾听的重点在于关注对方，后文“It’sworthnoticinghowweinstinctively(本能地)listeninconversationandwhetherornotthatgivenlisteningmodeisreallywhat’scalledfor.(值得注意的是，我们在谈话中是如何本能地倾听的，以及这种倾听模式是否真的是我们所需要的)”强调要关注我们自己的情况，因此D项“Butit’salsodeeplytiedtopayingattentiontoourselves.(但它也与关注我们自己密切相关)”符合语境，指出倾听也与自身相关，与前文构成转折，引出后文的强调。故选D。38．前文“Youneedtoidentifyyourpersonal“hotspots”.(你需要确定你个人的“热点”)”建议确