高考英语一轮复习 考点十三 语法填空练习（含解析）-人教版高三英语试题

专题二语法运用三年全国卷考情分析考点考频名词3年10考代词3年3考冠词3年7考介词3年8考形容词/副词3年5考连词3年9考动词3年16考非谓语动词3年20考引导词3年10考预测说明从考点考频来看，预计2020年高考题将保持近三年的难度，主要以考查动词、名词、介词和副词为主，适度增加对连词的考查，其中动词的时态和非谓语动词形式是难点解题流程通读全文，了解主旨大意→尝试填空，解决较易空格→分析结构，各个击破→重读全文，修正错误考点十三语法填空Passage1限时8分钟ChinesehasovertakenFrench,SpanishandGermantobecomeoneofthemostlucrative(赚钱的)foreign__1__(language)forjobseekersintheUK.ResearchshowsgraduatesinChineseearnanaverage__2__(year)salaryof￡31,000(270,000yuan)ormore.Forstudentstoday,strugglingwithrisingdebt,__3__degreeinChinesepromisestosetthemapartintheworkplace.Chinesestudentsset__4__(they)upforadifferentuniversityexperiencefromtheirpeers(同辈)whoaretakingtraditionalessaysubjects.WhileanEnglishstudentmayhaveaslittleassixhoursofcontacttimeaweek,thosestudyingChinese__5__(be)inclassformostoftheday.HannahJacksongraduatedinChineseStudiesfromSheffieldUniversityin2009.Shedescribeshercourse__6__“majorlynervous”.Inthesecondweekofherfirstyear,shewas__HannahstudiedChinese__8__(know)shewantedajobworkinginbusinessinChina.Shegraduatedattheheightoftherecession(衰退)andwenttolookforajobinShanghai,__9__shefoundmoreemploymentopportunities.“StudyingChinesedefinitelymakesyoumoremarketableintheworkplace.PeopleIstudiedChinesewithhavefoundit__10__(easy)tofindajob，”shesaid.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍的是对英国人来说，学好汉语对找工作有很大帮助。1．languages考查名词。“oneofthe＋名词”结构，其中的名词用复数形式。2．yearly考查词性转换。yearlysalary“年薪”。3．a考查冠词。adegree“一种学位”。4．themselves考查代词。当宾语与主语是同一个人或同一些人时，用反身代词作宾语。5．are考查主谓一致。those在句中作主语，且此处描述一个基本事实。6．as考查介词。describe...as...“把……描述为……”。7．supposed考查固定搭配。besupposedtodosth.“应该做某事”，且由时间状语“...ofherfirstyear”可知，本句应用一般过去时。8．knowing考查非谓语动词。作伴随状语，且由句子主语Hannah和know之间存在主动关系可知，应用动词­ing形式。9．where考查定语从句的引导词。关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词Shanghai。10．easier考查形容词比较级。此处表示学习中文的人更容易就业，应用形容词的比较级作宾语补足语。Passage2限时6分钟Nowadaysmoreandmorepeopleliketotravel,__1__(especial)whenvacationscome.Agreatnumberofpeoplerushoutoftheirhomesorcompaniesto__2__(travel)spots.Theyeitherdriveortakeabus,atrain,aship__3__soon.Someevenridebikes.However,there__4__(be)anotherwayoftravelling—poorism.Peoplehaveatourin__5__poorestareasoftheworld.Somepeoplemaytakeaone­daypooresttour,andsomeevenpaytostayinverypoorneighborhoods__6__(experience)thelowestlivingstandardsintheworld.Poorismtourstakeplacearoundtheworld,andnotjustinthethirdworld__7__(country).Youcan,forinstance,tourNewYorkneighborhoodsintheBronx.Suchtourscantakepeopleintotheheartofpoorareas.Thesetoursmayawakenpeopletopay__8__(much)attentiontolong­standingpoverty,ortheeffectsofwar.Somethinkthattoursinthepoorareascanraisesocialcare.Andthemoneyfromthetourcan__9__(donate)tohelpthepeople__10__livethere.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了另一种旅游形式——贫困之旅。人们在世界上最贫穷的地区进行旅游，这些旅行可能会使人们更多地关注长期存在的贫困现象，注意到战争的负面影响。1．especially考查词性转换。此处是副词修饰when引导的时间状语从句，故答案为especially。2．travelling/traveling考查非谓语动词。句意：很多人冲出家门或公司去旅游景点。此处是动名词作定语，修饰spots，故答案为travelling/traveling。3．and考查连词。固定结构：andsoon等等。故答案为and。4．is考查动词的时态和语态。此处是therebe句型，句子主语是anotherwayoftravelling，故谓语动词应用单数第三人称形式，并且介绍的是一般情况，故用一般现在时，故答案为is。5．the考查定冠词。此处是形容词最高级，前面用定冠词the，故答案为the。6．toexperience考查动词不定式。句意：有些人可能会参加为期一天的“最贫困之旅”，有些人甚至花钱住在非常贫困的社区，体验世界上最低的生活水平。此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为toexperience。7．countries考查名词的复数。第三世界的国家不止一个，所以名词用复数形式，故答案为countries。8．more考查比较级。句意：这些旅行可能会唤醒人们更多地关注长期存在的贫困和战争的影响。结合句意可知，句子用比较级，故答案为more。9．bedonated考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：旅游所得的钱可以捐赠给生活在那里的人们。此处money和donate之间是被动关系，can已经给出，故答案为bedonated。10．who/that考查定语从句的引导词。此处people是先行词，指人，引导词在后面的定语从句中作主语，故答案为who/that。Passage3限时8分钟AlfredAlder,afamouspsychiatrist,had__1__interestingexperience.Whenhewasasmallboyhegotofftoapoorstartinarithmetic(算术).Histeachergottheideathathehadnoabilityinarithmetic,andtoldhisparents__2__shethoughtinorderthattheywouldnotexpecttoomuchofhim.Inthisway,theyalsodevelopedtheidea,“Isn't__3__toobadthatAlfredcan'tdoarithmetic？”Heacceptedtheirmistakenestimateofhisability,__4__(feel)thatitwasuselesstotry,andthathewasverypooratarithmetic,justastheyexpected.Onedayhebecameveryangryattheteacherandtheotherstudentsbecausetheylaughedwhenhesaidheknewhowtosolveaproblemwhichnoneoftheotherstudentshadbeenabletosolve.Aldersucceeded__5__solvingtheproblem.Thisgavehim__6__(confident).Herejectedtheideathathecouldnotdoarithmeticandwas__7__(determine)toshowthemthathecould.Hisangerandhisnew­foundfaithstimulatedhimtogoatarithmeticproblemswithanewspirit.Henowworkedwithinterest,determination,andpurpose,andhesoonbecame__8__(extraordinary)goodatarithmetic.Henotonlyprovedthathecoulddoarithmetic,but(also)learnedearlyinlifefromhisownexperience,__9__apersongoesatajob__10__determinationandpurpose,hemayastonishhimselfaswellasothersbyhisability.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了精神科医生艾尔弗雷德·奥尔德幼年时学数学的有趣经历。1．an考查冠词。experience作“(一次)经历”讲时为可数名词，在本句中表示泛指，故用不定冠词。又由interesting的发音是以元音音素开头的可知，填an。2．what考查宾语从句的连接词。“__2__shethought”为宾语从句，该从句中缺少宾语，且表示“……的事情”，故用what引导。3．it考查it作形式主语。设空处应为形式主语，后面的that从句为真正的主语，故用it。4．feeling考查非谓语动词。设空处前为完整的句子，且与后面结构之间没有连词，故判断设空处应为非谓语动词，且作状语。逻辑主语he与feel之间为主动关系，且与accepted同时发生，故设空处应填现在分词的一般式。5．in考查固定搭配。succeedindoingsth.为固定结构，意为“成功做某事”。6．confidence考查词性转换。givesb.sth.为固定结构，故设空处应用名词作宾语，confident的名词形式为confidence。7．determined考查固定搭配。bedeterminedtodosth.为固定搭配，意为“决心做某事”。8．extraordinarily考查词性转换。设空处前为系动词，后为形容词，由此可判断设空处应为副词，作状语，修饰形容词good。extraordinary的副词形式为extraordinarily。9．if考查连词。句意：他不仅证明自己能做算术题，而且在他年轻时就从自己的经历中得知，如果一个人意志坚定地去做一件事，他有可能靠着自己的能力使自己和别人感到吃惊。设空处所填词连接宾语从句，作learned的宾语。该宾语从句中又含有一个状语从句，即“__9__apersongoesatajob__10__determinationandpurpose”，根据上下文逻辑可知，设空处表示条件，故用if引导。10．with考查介词。with表示行为方式，意为“以……，带着”。又如：fightwithcourage“英勇作战”。Passage4限时8分钟TodaymydaughterandIwenttoaparkinglot__1__(sell)someofoureggs.It'san__2__(extreme)coldday.Aswepulledintotheparkinglot,therewasaman__3__(sit)ontheroadside,holdinghisbike,andheheldupapaperplateon__4__hehadwritten“willworkforfood”．Hewasstillthereaswelefttheparkinglot,andIaskedmydaughter“shouldwegethimsomefoodorsomemoney？”andshesaid“yes,let's.”SoIpulledupnext__5__him,gotoutofthecar,andgavehimallmyeggmoney.Istillhadanotherdozen__6__(egg)inthecar,soIaskedifhewantedthem,__7__unexpectedly,hesaidno.Hestillhadhalfadozenandhedidn'twant__8__(donate)fromothersmorethanheneeded.Ifelt__9__(freeze)throughandthroughjuststandingtheretalkingwithhimforaminute,andhemustbesittingthereforhours.I'mgladwe__10__(stop),I'mgladIgotoutofthecarandtalkedwithhimforaminute.Ihopehehasawarmplacetosleeptonight.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了“我”和女儿遇到并帮助流浪汉的故事。1．tosell考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示她们去卖鸡蛋。2．extremely考查词性转换。此处extreme要修饰形容词cold，故用副词形式。3．sitting考查非谓语动词。sitting是现在分词形式，此处用作定语，修饰man。4．which考查定语从句的引导词。此处所填关系词前有介词，which指前面的paperplate。5．to考查介词。此处是固定搭配nextto(在……旁边)。6．eggs考查名词复数。egg前面有anotherdozen修饰，故此处egg应该用复数。7．but考查连词。根据下文句意可知，令人出乎意料地，他拒绝了。此处应是转折关系，故用but。8．donation(s)考查词性转换。此处用名词donation(s)作want的宾语。9．frozen考查非谓语动词。此处的frozen是过去分词，表示“感到寒冷的”“冻僵的”。10．stopped考查动词的时态。此处stop是指之前作者正准备走时，看到这个人还在那里而停下来和他说话，所以是过去时态。Passage5限时6分钟Moreandmoremiddleschoolstudentsaregoingtoallkindsoftrainingclassesor__1__(have)familyteachersatweekends.Therearetwodifferentviewpoints__2__it.Somethink__3__necessary.Firstofall,it's__4__(effective)tostudywithateacherthanbythemselves.Secondly,itcanstrengthen__5__theyhavelearnedinclass.Besides,theycanlearnalotmore.Othersthinkit__6__(necessary).Foronething,studentscaneasilyformthehabitofdependence.For__7__，studentsneedtimetorelaxfromtimetotime.What'smore,thepurposeofmanytrainingclassesandfamilyteachers__8__(be)tomakemoney.Inmyopinion,whetheratrainingclassorfamilyteacher__9__(need)justdepends.Besuretochooseagoodand__10__(suit)classorteacher,oritwouldbeawasteoftimeandmoney.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。如今越来越多的中学生开始参加各种各样的培训班或者请家教。人们对此持有不同的观点。1．having考查并列结构的省略。句意：越来越多的中学生开始在周末参加各种各样的辅导班或者请家教。分析句子结构可知，or连接两个相同的成分：aregoing与arehaving。为了避免重复，省去第二个并列成分中的助动词are，故填having。2．on考查介词。句意：人们对此有两种不同的意见。根据句意可知，填介词on，意为“关于”。3．it考查代词。句意：一些人认为这是有必要的。根据句意可知，设空处指代上文提到的上辅导班或者请家教这件事。故填代词it。4．moreeffective考查形容词的比较级。句意：首先，有老师辅导比自学效率更高。根据下文中的提示词than可知，此处应用比较级。effective是多音节形容词，故填moreeffective。5．what考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：其次，这样可以巩固他们在课堂上所学的内容。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，且意为“……的事物(东西)”。故填what。6．unnecessary考查词形转换。句意：另外一些人认为这没有必要。此处表述第二种观点，即相反的观点，故此处应该为否定意义。故填necessary的反义词unnecessary，意为“没必要的”。7．another考查固定搭配。句意：一方面，学生容易养成依赖的习惯；另一方面，学生们偶尔也需要时间放松。foronething...,foranother...为固定搭配，意为“一方面……，另一方面……”。故填another。8．is考查主谓一致。句意：况且，许多辅导班和家教的目的就是为了赚钱。分析句子结构可知，句子的主语是thepurpose，为第三人称单数。故填is。9．isneeded考查动词的时态和语态。句意：依我看，是否需要上辅导班或者请家教要视情况而定。本句主语是whether引导的主语从句，从句中的主语atrainingclassorfamilyteacher与动词need之间存在被动关系，主语为单数，且此处描述作者的观点，应用一般现在时。故填isneeded。10．suitable考查词性转换。句意：一定要选一个好的、合适的辅导班或者老师，要不然就是浪费时间和金钱。修饰名词应用形容词suitable。Passage6限时6分钟Ithasbeen__1__(exact)oneyearsinceIreturnedfromSenegal.Volunteeringhashelpedmeunderstand__2__isimportanttomeandhowtoliveahappylife.Inthepast,I__3__(follow)thecommonpath：fromschooltouniversity.It'snotthatIdidn'tenjoytheseexperiences,butthatIhadbeenleddownthatpathbytheexpectationsfrommyparentsandteachersratherthanmyownambitions.Therefore,after__4__(graduate)fromuniversity,Idecidedtoachievesomethingmore__5__(benefit),somethingthatwouldhelpthewidercommunity.__6__(apply)forInternationalCitizenService,thenIwenttoKaolack,SenegalwithYCareInternational,whereIworked__7__amemberofateamofUKandSenegalesevolunteershelpingimprovethelivesofthelocalyoungpeople.IspenttimeworkingontheAct2LiveProjectandassistingallkindsofsimilar__8__(organize)intheirworktoimprovethelivesofthepoor.Byfar,themostrewardingaspectofmyvolunteeringwassupportingtheamazingpeopleofKaolack.Workingon__9__widevarietyoftasksandlivinginadifferentculturehaveapositiveeffectonmydevelopment.Thankstovolunteering,Iwasable__10__(find)confidenceasayoungadult,learnnewskillsandenrichmylife.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者做志愿者的原因以及做志愿者对作者的益处。1．exactly考查词性转换。此处用副词exactly修饰动词“hasbeen”。2．what考查名词性从句。what在此处引导宾语从句，并且在从句中作主语。3．followed考查动词的时态。根据上文中的短语“Inthepast”可知，本句描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。4．graduating考查非谓语动词。此处“after”是介词，故后面接动名词形式。5．beneficial考查词性转换。本空与“more”构成形容词比较级，并且作不定代词something的后置定语，故用benefit的形容词形式beneficial。6．Havingapplied考查非谓语动词。根据本句中的逻辑主语“I”与“apply”是主谓关系，而且表示的动作早于谓语动词发生可知，此处应该用apply现在分词的完成式作状语，故此处填入Havingapplied。7．as考查介词。workas表示“从事……工作”。8．organizations考查词性转换。由关键词“allkindsof”和“their”可知，本空应填入organize的名词复数形式organizations。9．a考查冠词。awidevarietyof意为“多种多样的”。10．tofind考查非谓语动词。beabletodosth.意为“能够做某事”。Passage7限时7分钟IcanwellrememberthatIwasonceaskedtodeliveraspeechtitled“ARealTestinMyLife”beforethewholeclassattheageof9!Youcanimaginehow__1__(terrible)shyIwasthemomentIthoughtofthatwithsomanyeyes__2__(fix)uponme.Ihadno__3__(choose)buttoprepareforit,though.Firstofall,Iwastodraftthespeech,whichwasjustapieceofcakeforme,agoodwriter.Butthehardpart__4__(lie)inmyoralpresentationfrommymemory—fortoreadfromthepaperwasnotallowed.Therealmomentbegan__5__Istoodontheplatformwithmylegstremblingandmymindblank.Butmy__6__(listen)werestillwaitingpatientlywithoutanysignsofrushingme.GraduallyIfoundmyselfback,givingoutmyspeechwithdifficulty.Afterwhatseemedtobeahundredyears,Ifoundmyaudienceapplauding—Imade__7__！Fromthenon,myfearoftalkingbeforeanaudience__8__(appear).Actuallywithmyconfidencebuiltup,Inowturnouttobeagreatspeaker.Lookingback,Iknowthegreatestdifficultyonourway__9__successisourfear.Overcomeit,__10__wewillbeabletoachieveourgoals.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者九岁那年第一次当众演讲，十分恐惧和害羞，但是最终成功了。从此，作者明白了一个道理：人生路上，只有克服恐惧，才能实现目标。1．terribly考查词性转换。句意：你能想象，我一想到要在那么多双眼睛的注视下演讲，我是多么害羞。形容词shy需要副词来修饰，此处terribly意为“很，非常，极度”，故填terribly。2．fixed考查非谓语动词。由短语fixone'seyeson...可知fix和eyes之间存在动宾关系，故用fix的过去分词形式。3．choice考查词性转换。句意：然而，我没有别的选择，只能为演讲做好准备。no后应接名词，故填choice。4．lay考查动词的时态。此处表示但是困难的部分在于作者的口头陈述。由语境可知，这是对过去事情的回忆，故用一般过去时。表示“在于”时，lie的过去式是lay。5．when考查状语从句的连接词。句意：当我站在讲台上双腿发抖，大脑一片空白时，真正(考验我)的时刻到了。根据句意可知，此处需要填时间状语从句的连接词when，意为“当……的时候”。6．listeners考查词性转换。句意：但是我的听众们还在耐心地等我，没有催促我的迹象。形容词性物主代词后要跟名词，故用名词listener，意为“听众”；由后面的谓语动词were可知，此处应填其复数形式。7．it考查固定短语。makeit意为“获得成功；准时到达”，为固定短语。8．disappeared考查词形转换和动词的时态。根据上下文可知，作者在第一次演讲中克服了恐惧，故填appear的反义词disappear，意为“消失”；因为该动作发生在过去，故填disappeared。9．to考查固定短语。句意：回首过去，我知道在我们通往成功的路上最大的困难就是我们的恐惧。onone'swayto意为“在某人通往……的路上”，为固定短语。10．and考查连词。句意：克服了它，我们就能实现我们的目标。这里运用了“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”的句型，本句中的陈述句表顺承的结果，需填and。Passage8限时7分钟TylerThompsonis__1__unlikelystarintheworldofPekingOpera.The15­year­oldfromOaklandhasfascinatedaudiencesintheUSandChinawithhisability__2__(sing)pitch­perfectMandarin(普通话)andperformtheancientChineseartform.Theteen,__3__isblackandonlyspeakssomebasicChinese,hasbeenpraisedbyteacherssincehe__4__(pick)upthemusicasakindergartener.“Assoonasheopens__5__(he)mouthandsingsinChinese,theChineseareverysurprisedandtheyfeelveryproudofhim，”saidhismusicteacher.“Whenheputsonthecostumeandalltheacting,youcanseethatheisprettygood.”Tylerhaslearnedtosingseveralwell­knownpiecesofPekingOpera,acenturies­oldformofmusicaltheater__6__(know)foritshighlystructuredcostumes,changinggongs(锣)andcymbals(钹),wide­rangingvoicesandhighlystylized__7__(move).Tylergot__8__(stand)cheerswhenheperformed__9__JusticeBao,afamousSongDynastyjudgewhofoughtcorruption,fromtheChineseclassicBaoQingtian.“Themusicisverybeautiful,andit'sverypassionate，”saidTyler.“It'smademe__10__(want)toknowmoreabouttheworldoutsideofAmericaorCaliforniaorOakland.”1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文中主要介绍了一个擅长表演京剧的外国青少年的故事。1．an考查冠词。star是可数名词，且第一次在文章中出现，故用不定冠词修饰；形容词unlikely的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。2．tosing考查非谓语动词。abilitytodosth.意为“做某事的能力”，为固定搭配，故用不定式作后置定语。3．who考查定语从句的连接词。who引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Theteen。4．picked考查动词的时态。since意为“自从”时，引导的状语从句中，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。5．his考查代词。根据mouth和主语he可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词his修饰名词mouth，在句子中作定语。6．known考查非谓语动词。know和句子谓语之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且know和其逻辑主语form之间存在动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。7．movements考查词性转换。根据and可知，此处与名词voices呼应，故用名词的复数形式，即movements。8．standing考查非谓语动词。由空后的名词cheers可知，此处standing为动名词，作定语，意为“站着进行的”，表示Tyler得到了(观众的)起立欢呼。9．as考查介词。此处as意为“作为”，后跟名词、代词或动名词，与performed呼应，表示扮演的角色，符合语境。10．want考查非谓语动词。makesb.dosth.“使某人做某事”，应用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。故填want。Passage9限时8分钟LookingaroundthestreetsofLondon,you'llseemanypeopleondifferentmeansoftransport,__1__it'sonacommutetowork,atriptotheshops,orasightseeing.Scooter,thistraditionalchildrenvehicle__2__(become)moresophisticatedoverthepastyears.Andnow,__3__theadditionofasmallelectricmotor,it'sbecomeacheapandeasymodeoftransport.Beingfunandnotinvolvingmucheffort,scootingisgetting__4__(increase)populararoundtheworld.However,safetyproblemsarise.__5__scooterridershavebeenseenonpavements;othersontheroadjumpingredtrafficlights,addingtothefrustrationofmotorists__6__(stick)injams.IntheUK,thelawstatesthatridingoneonthepublichighwayorpavement__7__(forbid).Nowriders,facinga￡300fixed­penaltynoticeandsixpointsontheirdrivinglicencefordoingso,arecallingon__8__(regulate)tobechanged.Despitethefactthatsomeofthemcanexceed30mph,theyonlyhaveonebrakeandnolights.__9__confidenttheridermaybe,largervehiclesontheroadmakethemeasilyhurt.Soitseemsmoreworkrequires__10__(do)togivee­scootersasafeandlegalspacetotravel.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了使用滑板车面临着多种危险，需要制度的约束。1．whether考查连词。whether...or...表示“是……还是”，表示选择，为固定搭配。2．hasbecome考查动词的时态。根据“overthepastyears”判断要用现在完成时。3．with考查介词。在滑板车上增加了一个电机，此处表示“有……，具有……”。4．increasingly考查词性转换。此处修饰形容词，故用副词。increasingly表示“逐渐地”。5．Some考查限定词。与others连用表示“一些……另一些……”。6．stuck考查非谓语动词。此处过去分词作定语。7．isforbidden考查动词的语态。句意：在机动车道和人行道上使用滑板车是被禁止的。8．regulations考查名词。作callon的宾语，故用名词。9．However考查状语从句的连接词。此处引导词连接让步状语从句。10．doing/tobedone考查非谓语动词。requiredoing/tobedone表示“需要被……”。Passage10限时7分钟Longjingtea,__1__hastoppedthelistofthetenmostfamousteasinChinawithitscolor,tasteandshape,__2__(name)afteritsproductionregion—LongjingVillageofWestLake.Thegoodenvironmentandwaterresourceshavecontributedmuchtothe__3__(grow)ofthetea,confirmingthesayingthat“Longjingteaisthe__4__(good)amongalloftheteasintheworld”.Thanks__5__theQianlongEmperoroftheQingDynasty,theteahasearnedahighreputation.ThestorywentthattheQianlongEmperorvisitedamountainduringhisHangzhoutravels,andhesawsomeladiespickingtheteaat__6__footofthemountain.Hewassointerestedintheirmovementsthathedecidedtohaveagohimself.While__7__(pick)thetea,hereceivedthenewsofhismother'sillness,sohecarelesslyputtheleavesinhisrightsleeveand__8__(leave)HangzhouforBeijing.Hevisitedhismother__9__(immediate)uponhisarrivalinBeijing,andhismothersmeltthefragranceofthetealeavesfromhisrightsleeveandwantedtohaveataste.Afterdrinkingacupoftea,shefoundherselfcompletely__10__(refresh),andsheevenpraiseditasacureforallillnesses.Fromthenon,itwaslistedasthetributetea.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了西湖龙井茶盛名的由来。1．which考查定语从句的引导词。句意：龙井茶因为其色泽、味道和外形而居于中国十大名茶之首，它以其生产地区——西湖龙井村而命名。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，先行词为表示物的“Longjingtea”，所以用which引导该定语从句。2．isnamed考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此处主语Longjingtea与动词name之间为被动关系，且叙述一般的情况，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。3．growth考查词性转换。良好的环境和水资源对茶的生长贡献良多。根据空前的定冠词和空后的“ofthetea”可知，此处用名词growth。4．best考查形容词的最高级。龙井茶是世界上所有茶叶中最好的。根据语境可知，此处用形容词的最高级，且由空前的定冠词the及空后的“amongalloftheteasintheworld”也可知应用形容词最高级。5．to考查固定搭配。thanksto意为“幸亏，由于”，为固定搭配。6．the考查冠词。此处的mountain指上文中提到的mountain，为特指，故用定冠词the。7．picking考查非谓语动词。句意：在采茶叶的时候，他收到了他的母亲生病的消息，所以他漫不经心地把茶叶放到他右边的袖子里，离开杭州去北京。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处为分词作状语，动词pick与其逻辑主语he之间为主谓关系，所以用现在分词。8．left考查动词的时态。本段叙述的是发生在过去的事，所以用一般过去时，且and前的received和put也是提示。9．immediately考查词性转换。他一到北京，就立即去拜访母亲。此处修饰动词visited应用副词。10．refreshed考查非谓语动词。喝了一杯茶后，她发现自己完全恢复了精神。findoneself＋adj.意为“发现某人自己……”，此处用过去分词作宾语补足语。语法填空解题策略探究(一)一、有提示词填空题的解题技巧1．提示词为动词(1)若句子没有谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但所填的动词与之是并列关系时，则所给动词在句子中作谓语，这时就要考虑时态、语态、主谓一致及虚拟语气。典例1(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)________(remove)theskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.答案：Removeand连接并列谓语remove和place，故填Remove。(2)若所给提示词为动词，又不在句中作谓语时，应考虑用其非谓语动词形式。典例2(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice________(improve)waterquality.答案：toimprove根据前面的“Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice”可知，政府鼓励农民们种植更多的玉米而不是水稻来提高水质，此处是目的状语，故填toimprove。2．提示词为名词如果给出的提示词是名词，一种情况是考查词形变化，词性不变，如：变成名词复数形式、名词所有格等；另一种情况是考查名词与其他词类的转化，如：转化成形容词、副词等。典例(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014thatshowedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall________(cause)．答案：causes根据句意“每天仅仅跑5～10分钟就能降低所有因素导致的心脏病和早逝的风险”以及all可知，cause用复数形式。3．提示词为形容词或副词如果括号内给出的是形容词或副词，一种情况是考查词性转换，如：形容词与副词之间的转换、形容词或副词与名词、动词等之间的转换；另一种情况是考查比较级，一般有表示范围的介词短语in/of...或定语从句，或空格前有the时，要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级。典例(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Atasteformeatis________(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.答案：actually根据语境，此处修饰介词短语behindthechange，使用副词作状语。Passage1限时8分钟(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)A90­year­oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for__1__(be)Britain'soldestfull­timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,__2__sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Heryearsofhardworkhave__3__(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene__4__(declare)shehadnoplans__5__(retire)fromher36­year­oldbusiness.Irenesaid,“Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI__6__(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,__7__becauseIwantto.”GranddaughterGayleParks,31—whoworksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness—saiditremainedunknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.Shesaid,“Wedon'thaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegotacall__8__(say)shewasshort­listed,wethoughtitwas__9__joke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It's__10__(wonder)．”1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了一位90岁的英国女性仍然坚持每周工作40个小时而获得“年度女性奖”的事迹。1．being考查非谓语动词。介词for后跟动词时，要用其动名词形式。2．which考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，thepetshop是先行词，定语从句中缺少opened的宾语，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。3．finally考查词性转换。副词修饰动词acknowledge。4．declared考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，主句中缺少谓语动词；结合后面的had可知，此处应使用一般过去时。5．toretire考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式短语作plans的后置定语，表示“她没有退休的计划”。6．havemade考查动词的时态。根据空格后的时间状语“overtheyears”可知，句子要用现在完成时。7．but考查连词。not...but...“不是……而是……”。8．saying考查非谓语动词。say与前面的acall之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填saying，用现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰acall。9．a考查冠词。joke“笑话，玩笑”，是可数名词。空格后的joke为单数，且表示泛指，故其前用a。10．wonderful考查词性转换。系动词is后面跟形容词作表语。Passage2限时8分钟(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraining__1__hardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake__2__(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack__3__dogs,seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters__4__hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand__5__(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.Forbreakfast,wewereabletoeatpapaya(木瓜)andotherfruitsfromtheirtreesinthebackyard.Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting__6__(compete)towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit.Theyalsosharedwithusmany__7__(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere__8__(huge)popularwithtourists.Onthelastdayofourweek­longstay,we__9__(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,__1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的一次旅行经历。1．so考查固定结构。分析句子结构可知，此处是so...that...结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，so修饰副词hard。2．toget考查非谓语动词。此处是ittakessometimetodosth.结构，意为“花费多长时间做某事”。3．of考查固定搭配。apackof是固定搭配，意为“一群……”。4．who考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰指人的先行词theirmasters，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词who。5．recommended考查动词的时态。此处讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。6．competition考查词性转换。根据空格前的形容词interesting可知，此处应填动词compete的名词形式competition。7．traditional考查词性转换。所填词修饰名词stories，故应用tradition的形容词形式traditional。8．hugely考查副词。所填词修饰形容词popular，故应用huge的副词形式hugely。behugelypopularwith“非常受……欢迎”。9．wereinvited考查动词的时态和语态。事情发生在过去，且主语we与动词invite之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。10．listening考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词形式与and后面的现在分词meeting并列，主语we与listen之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。Passage3限时8分钟(2020·惠州市高三第一次调研考试试题)Today,MountQomolangma'speakisnotalonelyplaceanymore.Over3,500peoplehave__1__(successful)climbedthemountainoverthepastyear.Meanwhile,climbershavecomplainedabout__2__(wait)forhoursinthebottlenecks.Infact,thedangerous__3__(crowd)aren'ttheonlyproblem.Allthoseclimbersneed__4__(bring)alotofgear(设备),muchofwhichendsupbeingleftonthemountain.Itisbecomingtheworld's__5__(tall)rubbishdump.Butthegoodnewsis__6__somemountaineershavestartedtocleanupQomolangma.MountaineersPaulandEberhardarepartofEcoEverestExpedition,whichhasbeencleaninguprubbishsince2008.Sofarthey__7__(collect)over13tonsofgarbage.Someofthatrubbishisevenbeingusedfor__8__higherpurpose.AspartoftheMountEverest8848ArtProject,agroupof15artistsfromNepalcollected1.5tonsofgarbage.They'vechangedthecansandoxygentanksinto74piecesofartthathavealreadybeenexhibited__9__Nepal'scapital.Partoftheprofitfromsales__10__(be)availablefortheEverestPeakeersAssociationwhichhashelpedcollectrubbishoffthemountain.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的污染情况以及现在采取的应对污染的措施和取得的进步。1．successfully考查词性转换。修饰谓语动词应用副词，故填successfully。2．waiting考查非谓语动词。此处介词about之后应用动名词形式，故填waiting。3．crowds考查名词的单复数。根据空前的形容词dangerous可知，空处应用名词形式，crowd“人群”为可数名词，且句子的谓语aren't为复数形式，所以应用复数形式crowds。4．tobring考查非谓语动词。此处表示所有这些登山者都需要带着大量设备，故此处用needtodosth.“需要做某事”。5．tallest考查形容词的最高级。根据句中的theworld's表述“全世界范围内的”可知，此处表示最高级的含义，故用形容词最高级tallest。6．that考查名词性从句的连接词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处引导表语从句，引导词在从句中不充当成分，无语意，仅起连接作用，故用that引导该从句。7．havecollected考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语Sofar可知，此处表示截止到现在已收集的垃圾数量，所以应用现在完成时；又主语t