外研版中考英语复习专题四短文填空教学课件

专题四短文填空

2023新考法：12选10题型分析概况：2023年广东中考短文填空题有重大变化，从无提示填词变为选词填空，12选10，并要求用单词的正确形式填空，整体难度有所降低。短文填空题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分，所考查的语篇一般是一篇故事性小短文或说明文，语篇话题与学生的学习及生活息息相关。考点：短文填空题主要考查九大词类：名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、数词、连词、介词、冠词。总结：此题型要考学生在理解文章大意的基础上考虑词法、句法，以及研究语篇、句子的结构、衔接和连贯问题，旨在考查学生综合运用语言的能力。题目虽然提供了单词选项，但是挖空的地方通常有一些巧妙的设计，需要学生根据上下文对单词进行变形，故审题需细致。备考指南考点清单

短文填空题要求学生既能选中单词，又要写得对单词。所以在解题时，先略读全文，对全文有大概了解。然后运用所学的知识与技巧，根据文章大意，逐个填空。易的先填，难的做标记后填，坚持不留空。全部题目完成后，再复读一遍，核查答案。1

通读全文，了解大意解题技巧2

周密分析，选出多数（1）结构分析：分析句子结构，判断所填空格的词性。（2）逻辑推理：根据上下文，分析句子间的逻辑关系，推出所填空格的词义。（3）语境推断：根据前后语境，推出所填空格的词汇及其形式。（4）词汇复现：包括原词、同义词、近义词、反义词、概括词和代词的复现。（5）固定搭配：熟记初中阶段常用的短语。3

排除干扰，确定选项4

复读文章，仔细检查（1）检查动词的时态、语态、主谓一致。（2）检查名词的单、复数及所有格。（3）检查形容词和副词的三个级别。（4）检查习惯用语、固定搭配等是否符合习惯。（5）检查上下文的连贯性，以及所填词是否符合逻辑。五、短文填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。考题精解iteitherbebecausewhatelsebyinventcleanpopularhabithundred

Thereisasmallthingweuseeveryday.Weusuallyput__66__inthebathroom.Withoutit,wemighthavetoothproblems.Canyouguess__67__itis?Yes,it'sthetoothbrush.Butdoyouknowanythingaboutitshistory?【语篇解读】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了牙刷的发展历史和功能。【答案详解】66.it考查人称代词。根据句子结构分析，此处缺少宾语，用于指代前一句话的“asmallthing”。故填it。67.what考查宾语从句的引导词。本句为宾语从句，意为“你能猜出它是什么吗？”根据句子结构分析，此处缺少宾语从句的引导词。故填what。

Accordingtosomeresearch,beforetoothbrushesappeared,theancientChinesepeople__68__theirteethwithsomesmalltreebranches(树枝).About800yearsago,peoplemadeakindofbrusheswithpighairandbamboo.Itmight__69__theworld'searliestformoftoothbrushes.【答案详解】68.cleaned考查动词。根据句子结构分析，此处缺少谓语动词。由空格后的“theirteeth”可判断选项中的clean最符合语境。句中的“theancientChinesepeople”意为“古代的中国人”，由此可判定句子时态为一般过去时。故填cleaned。69.be考查系动词。本句意为“这可能是世界上最早的牙刷。”此处是系表结构，情态动词might后跟be动词原形。故填be。Astimewent__70__,theformsoftoothbrusheschanged.Forexample,peoplechosehorse-tailhairinsteadofpighair__71__pighairwastoohard.Imaginethatyoutravelbackto__72__ofyearsagoandbrushyourteethcomfortably.Itsoundsfantastic,doesn'tit?【答案详解】70.by考查介词。Astimewentby是短语，意为“随着时间的流逝”。故填by。71.because考查连词。本句意为“例如，人们选择马尾毛而不是猪毛，因为猪毛太硬了。”前后句之间是因果关系。故填because。72.hundreds 考查数词。本句意为“想象一下，你回到几百年前，舒舒服服地刷牙。”hundredsof是短语，意为“数以百计的”。故填hundreds。

Aroundthe15thcentury,theChinesetoothbrushfounditswayintoEurope.Itbecame__73__amonglocalpeoplesoon.The__74__oftoothbrusheswasnotasfamousasthatofpaper-making,butitwasveryusefulindailylife.【答案详解】73.popular考查形容词。根据句子结构分析，此处缺少表语。系动词后面接形容词作表语。本句意为“它在当地人中很快开始流行起来。”故填popular。74.invention考查名词。本句意为“牙刷的发明不像造纸术的发明那样出名，但是它在日常生活中非常有用。”of结构表示所有格，应填名词。invent为动词，其名词形式为invention。故填invention。Todaywehaveagood__75__ofbrushingteeth.WeshouldthanktheancientChineseforit.(2023广东)【答案详解】75.habit考查名词。本句意为“如今我们养成了刷牙的好习惯。”haveagoodhabitof…意为“有一个……的好习惯”。故填habit。高分演练模拟题(一)

主题：茶文化难度：★★建议用时：6mins 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。milkagomuchhowwateryesinbecomegooditnodrink Wouldyouliketostartyourdaywithacupoftea?Iftheansweris__1__,youmayhavethesamehabitasmanypeople. Youmaynotknow__2__popularteais.Amongallkindsofdrinks,teaisoneofthetoptwochoices.Peoplelikeitbecauseitis__3__fortheirhealth. Teaismostlyproduced__4__AsiancountrieslikeChinaandIndia.Chinesepeoplestartedtodrinkteaasearlyas5,000years__5__.Atthattime,peoplemadeteainasimpleway.Theyjustputfreshtealeavesintohot__6__.yeshowgoodinagowater Teawasn'tintroducedintoEuropeuntiltheearly17thcentury.Andnowithas__7__popularinEuropeandAmerica.Peoplethereliketo__8__teawithsugarormilkinit.Asthepopulationofteadrinkersgetslarger,teabusinessisgetting__9__importantthanbefore. ThefirstInternationalTeaDaywasonMay21st,2020.Sincethen,peoplehavecelebrated___10___everyyear.TheDaymakespeoplerealizetheimportanceofteaworkersandtheirwork.（2022广东改编）becomedrinkmoreit1.________________ 2.________________3.________________ 4.________________5.________________ 6.________________7.________________ 8.________________9.________________ 10.________________yeshowgoodinagowaterbecomedrinkmoreit模拟题(二)

主题：金钱管理难度：★★建议用时：8mins 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。surprisetakesavewisehowimproveplanbyshamemoneyifmean Moneymaynotbuyhappiness,butithelps.Manyteenagerswanttolearn__1__tomanagemoneybeforegoingoutintotheworld.Besmartwithyourmoney.Thisideaisraised__2__Dr.MaraHarvey,amoneyexpert.Thefollowingaresomeofhertips. Learntomakemoney.Askparentsorneighbors__3__youcandochorestomakepocketmoney.Thesecouldincludewashingacaror__4__thedogforawalk.Agreehowbyiftakingonthevalueofdifferentjobsbeforeyoustart.Inthisway,youcanalso__5__yourcommunicationskills,whichwillhelpwhenyouhaveagrown-upjob,too. Helpyourmoneygrow.Moneycan'tgrowifit'ssittinginsideapiggybank(猪形储钱罐).Putyourmoneyinthebankandyoucangetinterest(利息).Saveyourmoneyinthelongrun.Onedayyoumayfeel__6__athowmuchmoneyyouhave.improvesurprised Makea__7__.Ifyouhaveabigevent,suchasaholidaycomingup,itmight__8__youwillneedtospendmoreofyourpocketmoney.Trymakingaplanforspendingandsaving.Writedownhowmuchmoneyyouhaveandwhatyouarespending.Thenitwillhelpyoutakecontrolofyour__9__. Spendyourmoney__10__.Figureouthowmuchyoucanreasonablyspendeachmonth.Spendyourmoneyonplanmeanmoneywiselywhatyoutrulyneed.Thentrytocutdownonspending.Forexample,ratherthaneatingout,youcanchoosetocookathome.(2023四川成都改编)1.________________ 2.________________3.________________ 4.________________5.________________ 6.________________7.________________ 8.________________9.________________ 10.________________howbyiftakingimprovesurprisedplanmeanmoneywisely模拟题(三)

主题：中国屏风难度：★★★建议用时：8mins 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。howeveraspopularifmarrystopbeautifulstoryitcreateunlessman TheChinesepingfeng(foldingscreen)isanancientinventionandtraditionalChinesefurniture(家具).Pingfengmeansto__1__thewindfromcominginattheverybeginning. Astimepasses,__2__hasbeenmadeintodifferentsizeswithcolorfulpaintings.Therewasusuallyadragononscreens.It'sasymboloflight,growth,nobility(高贵)andpower.Thepeacock,abeautifulbird,canbeseenonstopitscreens,too.It'sasymbolofeverlastinglife.Beautifulflowers,whichmeanwealthandgoodluck,arealsochosenasa__3__designofthepingfeng.Allthedesignscarrypeople'sbeautifulwishes. Thereisaninteresting__4__behindthepingfeng.Inthepast,theunmarrieddaughterofarichfamilywasnotsupposedtoseeorbeseenby__5__exceptherfather,brothersorveryclosemale(男性的)cousins.__6__,whenpopularstorymenHoweveranadmirerpaidavisit,shemighttakeasecretlookathimfromascreen.Herfatherwoulddiscusspoemswiththeyoungmanandaskhimto__7__one.__8__thedaughterandherfatherweresatisfiedwiththeyoungman'spoemandhislooks,shemightagreetotakehimasherhusband. Todaythepingfengisbacktoourlifeforits__9__anditsuseasfurniture.Acting__10__amovingwallordivider,itcanbetheperfectmatch(相配)formodernsofasandwalls.Itaddsstyletothem. Thepingfengismorethanbeautifulfurniture.(2023重庆A卷改编)createIfbeautyas1.________________ 2.________________3.________________ 4.________________5.________________ 6.________________7.________________ 8.________________9.________________ 10.________________stopitpopularstorymenHowevercreateIfbeautyas模拟题(四)

主题：瘫痪画家张俊莉的励志故事难度：★★建议用时：7mins 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。theymovechangepainterhelplesscryupneverimproveserioussellthough ZhangJunli,anamazingwoman,isfromTaiyuan,ShanxiProvince.Shehasovercomelife'sgreatestdifficultiestobecomeoneofthemostfamous__1__inChina.Shehasbeenparalyzed(瘫痪的)forover30years.Whenshewassix,Zhanghada__2__illness.Ateight，shecouldnotmove90%ofherbody.Shecanonly__3__hershouldersandneckalittlenow. However,beingparalyzed__4__preventedherfromtryingtofollowherdreams.Zhangtookupdrawingatapaintersseriousmoveneveryoungageandstartedlearningpaintingin2015.__5__itishardforhertopickapaintbrush,herloveforpaintingisalwayspushinghertochallengeherself. “Paintinghas__6__me.ThefirsttimeIpickedupabrush,IfeltthatIlikedtodraw,”saysZhang.“Theworldissobeautiful.EvenifIaminpoorhealth,Idon'twanttogive__7__thechancetolive.”NowZhanghascreatedthousandsofpencilsketches(素描).ShealsohasanonlineshopcalledZhangJunli'sPaintings，whereshe__8__herworks.Thoughchangedupsells Zhangwantstouseherworkstoencouragethosewhoarelikeher，andtotell__9__nevertogiveup.“Insteadof__10__andworryingallday,findyourmeaninginlife.Liveinthepresent,”saysZhang，atrueinspiration.1.________________ 2.________________3.________________ 4.________________5.________________ 6.________________7.________________ 8.________________9.________________ 10.________________themcryingpaintersseriousmoveneverThoughchangedupsellsthemcrying模拟题(五)

主题：淄博烧烤难度：★★★建议用时：8mins 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。theythousandpayespeciallydifferenceforchoosevisitorofferpopularbetweenand IfyouvisitZibo,tryingthebarbecueisamust-doexperience.ZiboisacityinShandongProvince.It'sfamous__1__itsdeliciousandunique(独特的)barbecuedfood.ZibobarbecueisakindofChinesestreetfoodwhichis__2__amonglocalpeopleandvisitors. WhyhasZibobarbecuebecomesopopular?Lastyear,duringtheCOVID-19pandemic(疫情),__3__ofcollegestudentswerestuck(困)inZibo.Thelocalgovernmenthelpedstudentstogetthroughthehardforpopularthousandstimeand__4__themagreatbarbecuedinnerwhenthepandemicwasover.ThegovernmentofficersalsoinvitedthestudentstocomebacktoZiboagainwhenspringcame.Itisapromise__5__thegovernmentandthecollegestudents. Therearesome__6__betweenZibobarbecueandtheonesinothercities.Zibobarbecuerestaurantshaveasmallgrill(烤架)oneachtable.Peopleneedtocookonthegrillby__7__.Whenthefoodisready,theyputitontoaofferedbetweendifferencesthemselvessmallpancake,__8__thenaddscallions(葱)andsaucebeforeeating. Zibobarbecueisnotjustdelicious,butalsocheap.Askeweroflamborchickenwingscostsonlyafewyuan.Itisapopular__9__amongstudentsandworkers.YoucanfindZibobarbecuerestaurantsonalmosteverystreetcornerinthecity,__10__intheevening.Peoplegathertoenjoyatastymealafteralongday. Besidesthetaste,Zibobarbecuealsohasaculturalmeaning.ItisasymbolofChinesestreetfoodandthecity'suniquefoodculture.andchoiceespecially1.________________ 2.________________3.________________ 4.________________5.________________ 6.________________7.________________ 8.________________9.________________ 10.________________forpopularthousandsofferedbetweendifferencesthemselvesandchoiceespecially模拟题(六)

主题：城市阳台难度：★★建议用时：8mins 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。afterwayhobbyinteresthabitspendnervousdayprovidealthoughshareshe Farmingusedtobeacountrysidething.Butnow,farmsarecomingtothebalconies(阳台)ofcityapartments. ZhangChao，amiddleschoolstudentfromChengdu，isoneyoung“urban(城市的)farmer”.Hewas__1__inplantingwhenhewasinprimaryschool.Helivedwithhisgrandpainthecountrysidethen.Helearnedtogrowvegetablesfromhisgrandpawhohasbeenafarmerforyears.__2__farmingtakeshardwork，ZhangfeltproudinterestedAlthoughwhenhesawseeds(种子)turnintoplants.NowZhangstillkeepsuphis__3__withabalconygarden.“Growingfruitsandvegetablesnotonlybringsdeliciousfood，butitalsoremindsmeofthehappy__4__withmygrandpa,”saidZhang.Healso__5__thevegetableswithhisneighborsandfriends. Anotherstudent，FangMinkefromShenzhen，thinksplantingisagood__6__torelaxanddeveloppatience.Withlotsofschoolwork,the16-year-oldgirlsometimesfeels__7__.Tohelpputsomespark(火花)backhobbydaysshareswaynervousin__8__life,shestartedplantingvegetablesonherbalconyin2021.__9__halfayear,herbalconybecameasmallgarden,fullofdifferentflowersandvegetables.Aftershe___10___longhoursonhomework，shelikestowalkaroundherbalconygarden.“Seeingthebrightcolorsandbreathingfreshair，Ifeelclosertonatureandrefreshed(神清气爽的),”Fangsaid. Plantingvegetablesisnowmorethanjustawaytosurvive.Italsobringsjoytoyoungpeople'slives.herAfterspends1.________________ 2.________________3.________________ 4.________________5.________________ 6.________________7.________________ 8.________________9.________________ 10.________________interestedAlthoughhobbydaysshareswaynervousherAfterspends模拟题(七)

主题：无人驾驶汽车难度：★★★建议用时：7mins 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。causeandcarofwhydodifficultdecisiontheykillquestionquick Couldyouimaginebeinginacardrivenbyacomputer,notahuman?Recently，Chinahasmadeabigstepinself-drivingtechnology. __1__dowedevelopself-drivingcars?Becauseself-drivingcarscangiveusmanybenefits.Theyusecomputerstosensethethingsaroundthem__2__makebetteruseofspace.Thismeansfewertrafficjamsandlessillegal(违法的)parking.Fordisabledpeople，self-drivingcarscanalsohelp___3___gooutmoreeasily.Whyandthem Accordingtoareport，morethan1.35millionpeopleare__4__onroadsaroundtheworldeachyear.Manymorearehurt.Self-drivingcarscanreduceroadaccidentsby90percentandsavegovernmentsalotofmoney.Themain__5__ofcaraccidentsishumanmistakes.Byusingcomputers，self-drivingcarsdon'tmakewrong__6__orlosefocuslikehumansdo. However，self-drivingcarsaren'tperfect.Ifsomethingunexpectedhappensontheroad，self-drivingkilledcausedecisionscarscan'treact(反应)as__7__asahumandrivercan.Also,duringthebadweatherlikeheavysnow，self-drivingcarswouldhave__8__inseeingclearlyontheroad.Itmightleadtoanaccident.The__9__computercouldalsogethacked(非法入侵)bysomeone，causingaccidents. Thereisalot__10__worktodotomakeself-drivingcarscommonandsafeonourroads.AndChinaistryinghardtomakethishappen.quicklydifficultycar'sof1.________________ 2.________________3.________________ 4.________________5.________________ 6.________________7.________________ 8.________________9.________________ 10.________________Whyandthemkilledcausedecisionsquicklydifficultycar'sof模拟题(八)

主题：假期研学难度：★★建议用时：7mins 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。withoutinruleashoweverimprovehightheydiscussplanboredexpensive Summervacationiscoming.Middleschoolstudentswillwelcometheirtwo-monthbreak.Manyparentshavealreadystarted__1__forthevacation,andimmersiveexperiential(沉浸式体验的)learningtripshavebecomepopular. “Agoodlearningtripcanenrich(丰富)students'knowledgeand__2__theirabilities,”saidHuLinhui,whoorganizeslearningtripsinBeijing. ThegrouporganizeslearningtripsabroadtoSingaporeandtheUK.ItalsoholdsModelUnitedNationsplanningimprove(MUN)activitiesinsomeChinesecities.MUN'ssimulated(模拟的)meetingsfollowUnitedNations.Studentscan__3__theinternationalhottopics.“Thisactivityhelpedmefindmydream—toworkintheUnitedNations,”saidWenPeiyao,astudentwhotookpart__4__MUN. __5__,therearestillsomelearningtripsplannedinaverycasual(随意的)way.Studentsmayfeelso__6__thattheyjustplayontheirsmartphones.Andthepriceofsometripsistoo__7__.StudentsendupspendingmoneyanddiscussinHoweverboredhightime__8__learninganythinguseful.Itisnecessarytomakemore__9__forthelearningtripindustryinthefuture. Overall,whateverwayslearningtripsaretaken,__10__shouldalwaysreturntothenatureofeducation.“Thegoalistoimprovetheabilityofstudentswithcolorfulactivities,”Huadded.withoutrulesthey1.________________ 2.________________3.________________ 4.________________5.________________ 6.________________7.________________ 8.________________9.________________ 10.________________planningimprovediscussinHoweverboredhighwithoutrulesthey模拟题(九)

主题：女孩与流浪小猫难度：★★建议用时：7mins 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。longwhencatcheventeachersoaroundaschoolbagshortthinktake Donnaisaprimaryschoolstudentwholovesplayingwithlittleanimals.Oneday,onherwaytoschool,shesawahomelesscatsittinginabox.__1__thecatsawDonna,itjumpedoutoftheboxandbegantomiaow.Thecatwas__2__cutethatDonnacouldn'thelpbutstartplayingwithit. The__3__Donnaplayedwiththecat,themoreshelikedit.ThecatseemedtoloveDonnatooandfollowedheralongtheway.Donnalookedatthecutecat,Whensolongerthoughtfor__4__whileanddecidedtotakethecattoschoolwithher.Sheputthecatinher__5__andheadedforschool. AfterDonnaarrivedatschool,shequietlywalkedintotheclassroom.Sheopenedherbagto___6___outhertextbooks.However,thecatjumpedoutoftheschoolbagandstartedrunning__7__theclassroom.Itclimbedintoadesk,hidunderachair,and__8__jumpedontotheteacher'sdesk.aschoolbagtakearoundeven Justatthatmoment,theteachersteppedintotheclassroom.She__9__thecatgentlyandtoldDonnathatanimalswerenotallowedtotaketoschool.SheadvisedDonnatotakeithomeortotheanimalcenterifpossible.Donnasmiledsweetlyandfollowedher__10__words